CN109239139A - A kind of yam-like humidity sensor - Google Patents
A kind of yam-like humidity sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109239139A CN109239139A CN201811149781.5A CN201811149781A CN109239139A CN 109239139 A CN109239139 A CN 109239139A CN 201811149781 A CN201811149781 A CN 201811149781A CN 109239139 A CN109239139 A CN 109239139A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/223—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity
- G01N27/225—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity by using hygroscopic materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/048—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance for determining moisture content of the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
- G01N27/121—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid for determining moisture content, e.g. humidity, of the fluid
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
- G01N27/125—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer
- G01N27/126—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer comprising organic polymers
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
- G01N27/12—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance of a solid body in dependence upon absorption of a fluid; of a solid body in dependence upon reaction with a fluid, for detecting components in the fluid
- G01N27/125—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer
- G01N27/127—Composition of the body, e.g. the composition of its sensitive layer comprising nanoparticles
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- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/226—Construction of measuring vessels; Electrodes therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
- G01N27/22—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating capacitance
- G01N27/227—Sensors changing capacitance upon adsorption or absorption of fluid components, e.g. electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor sensors, MOS capacitors
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of yam-like humidity sensor, is related to flexible sensor field.It include include first electrode, second electrode and as induction humidity variation sensitive material, the first electrode be wire or conductive yarn, the conductive yarn includes base thread and the conductive material layer for being coated on the base thread surface；Twin shaft humidity sensor or uniaxial humidity sensor is made in the first electrode, the sensitive material and the second electrode.The yam-like humidity sensor has the advantages that reasonable in design, preparation method is simple, high sensitivity, it is combined by the yam-like humidity sensor with the good weaving of fabric, it can be used for detecting Human Physiology health signal, perspiring situation and breath test etc., widen the test scope in the wearable field of flexible intelligent conscientiously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flexible sensor fields, and in particular to a kind of yam-like humidity sensor.
Background technique
The main function of flexible wearable sensor is to detect all kinds of physiology of human body and active signal, supervise in human health
The multi-field extensive uses such as survey, human motion monitoring, human sweat's monitoring, monitoring of respiration.The flexibility of humidity sensor is advantageous
In the persistence and comfort of human body signal acquisition, flexible humidity sensor is for monitoring human sweat, breathing and ambient enviroment
Comfort has the advantages that not available for traditional sensors.Conventional moisture sensors are hard sensor, rigid due to its own
Property feature be applied to human body signal collection have it is certain restricted.For example, rigid sensor cannot be passed through to weaving
Method incorporates in textile, therefore insufficient with the adhesive force of human body.And such as patent CN108169295A and CN204514847U
The film-shaped flexible humidity sensor of preparation is also not easy to knit sensors with auxiliary electrode according to weaving method because of its features of shape
In object, and well and fabric laminating, therefore the application value of flexible humidity sensor cannot can not be embodied well.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of yam-like humidity sensor, this yam-like humidity sensor has yarn knot
Structure has good flexibility, and high sensitivity, the sensor can be woven into fabric by Weaving method.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions to realize.
The present invention proposes a kind of yam-like humidity sensor, including first electrode, second electrode and becomes as induction humidity
The sensitive material of change, the first electrode are wire or conductive yarn, and the conductive yarn includes base thread and is coated on
The conductive material layer on the base thread surface；Twin shaft is made in the first electrode, the sensitive material and the second electrode
Humidity sensor or uniaxial humidity sensor.
Wherein, the twin shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps: coating or wind institute in the first electrode surface
Sensitive material is stated, precast body is obtained；By the second electrode according to the direction parallel with the first electrode and the precast body
Then fitting coats on the surface for the precast body and the second electrode being bonded to each other or winds the sensitive material, obtains
To the twin shaft humidity sensor, wherein the second electrode is wire or conductive yarn.
The single shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps: the sensitive material is coated in the first electrode surface,
Precast body is obtained, then forms the second electrode in the part of the surface of the precast body, obtains the uniaxial humidity sensor,
Wherein, the second electrode is layered electrode or wire electrode.
Further, the base thread is selected from one of natural fiber yarn and chemical fibre yarn.
Further, the conductive material layer is the first conductive material dip-coating, coating or plating on the base thread
The clad of formation；First conductive material is in silver nanowires, carbon material, ionic liquid, conductive polymer material
It is a kind of；The carbon material is selected from one of graphene, single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-wall carbon tube；The conductive polymer material choosing
From one of polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline derivative, polythiofuran derivative and Polypyrrole derivatives or a variety of.
Further, the sensitive material is wet sensitive solution or wet sensitive yarn containing humidity-sensitive material；Wherein, the wet sensitive material
Material is metal oxide humidity-sensitive material, silicon humidity-sensitive material, ceramic humidity-sensitive material, wet sensitive high molecular polymer and compound humidity-sensitive material
One of, wherein the compound humidity-sensitive material is the compound of wet sensitive high molecular polymer and the second conductive material, described wet
Quick high molecular polymer is selected from least one of polyimides, polystyrene, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose；Institute
The second conductive material is stated to receive selected from carbon black, graphene, single-walled carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube, metal nanoparticle and metal
One of rice noodles are a variety of.
Further, the twin shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps:
The first electrode and the second electrode are wire or are conductive yarn；The sensitive material is wet sensitive
Yarn or functionalization yarn wind the wet sensitive yarn or the functionalization yarn in the first electrode surface, obtain prefabricated
Body；The second electrode is bonded according to the direction parallel with the first electrode with the precast body, is then being bonded to each other
The precast body and the second electrode surface wrap described in wet sensitive yarn or the functionalization yarn, obtain twin shaft looping
Humidity sensor.
Further, the twin shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps:
The first electrode and the second electrode are wire or are conductive yarn；The sensitive material is wet sensitive
Solution；By the wet sensitive solution dip-coating or it is coated in the first electrode surface, obtains precast body；By the second electrode according to
The direction parallel with the first electrode is bonded with the precast body, then in the precast body being bonded to each other and described second
The surface of electrode dip-coating or the coating wet sensitive solution again, obtain twin shaft dip-coating humidity sensor.
Further, the uniaxial humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps:
The sensitive material is wet sensitive solution, coats the wet sensitive solution in the first electrode surface, obtains precast body,
Then using the first conductive material as raw material, by silk screen print method, ink-jet printing, vapour deposition method, magnetron sputtering method, infusion process or
Drop-coating forms the second electrode of stratiform in the part of the surface of the precast body, obtains uniaxial coating humidity sensor；Wherein, institute
Stating sensitive material coated length is 1~5cm.
Further, the base thread is additionally provided between the first electrode and the sensitive material, first by the base
Filling line is wound on the first electrode, is then coated with the wet sensitive solution.
Further, the uniaxial humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps:
The second electrode is wire, or is conductive yarn, and the sensitive material is wet sensitive solution；In first electricity
Pole surface coats the wet sensitive solution, obtains precast body, and then second electrode is wrapped in first electricity by " S " type or " Z " type
It is extremely upper to form uniaxial looping humidity sensor；Wherein, the winding spacing of the second electrode is 0.1~0.5cm.
Further, the diameter of the first electrode is 100-1000um.
A kind of beneficial effect of yam-like humidity sensor provided by the invention is:
(1) yam-like humidity sensor prepared by the present invention has by what electrode material, sensitive material and structure designed
Effect combines, and the yam-like sensor of this two major classes of twin shaft humidity sensor or uniaxial humidity sensor can be obtained.Twin shaft humidity passes
Sensor preparation method is simple, equipment requirement is lower, need to only prevent using sensitive material as two interelectrode dielectric materials of yam-like
Only two electrode materials contact with each other, so that it may highly sensitive yam-like sensor be made.Uniaxial humidity sensor is wet in twin shaft
Further improvement has been done on the basis of degree sensor, the diameter of yam-like humidity sensor is further decreased, the later period is easy to
The woven planarization of cloth cover.
(2) yam-like humidity sensor provided by the invention, by electrode material, sensitive material, base material it is reasonable
Design and selection, make it have good flexibility, while obtained humidity sensor has high sensitivity, can meet current spinning
The sensor is woven into fabric by weaving method for weaving, it is strong to can be used for detecting Human Physiology by the processing conditions for knitting process equipment
Health signal, perspiring situation and breath test etc., widen the test scope in the wearable field of flexible intelligent conscientiously.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the yam-like humidity sensor that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram for the yam-like humidity sensor that embodiment 2 provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram for the yam-like humidity sensor that embodiment 3 provides；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram for the yam-like humidity sensor that embodiment 4 provides；
Fig. 5 is odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn SEM scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph used in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 6 is the yam-like humidity sensor that provides of embodiment 1 capacitance variations curve under the conditions of different humidity；
Fig. 7 is the yam-like humidity sensor that provides of embodiment 2 capacitance variations curve under the conditions of different humidity；
Fig. 8 is the multiple breath test curve for the yam-like humidity sensor that embodiment 3 provides；
Fig. 9 is resistance change curves under the conditions of the yam-like humidity sensor different humidity that embodiment 4 provides.
Icon: 1- first electrode；2- second electrode；3- sensitive material；4- base thread.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
A kind of yam-like humidity sensor of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below.
A kind of yam-like humidity sensor provided in an embodiment of the present invention, including first electrode 1, second electrode 2 and conduct
Incude the sensitive material 3 of humidity variation, the first electrode 1 is wire or conductive yarn, and the conductive yarn includes substrate
Yarn 4 and the conductive material layer for being coated on 4 surface of base thread；The first electrode 1, the sensitive material 3 and described
Twin shaft humidity sensor or uniaxial humidity sensor is made in second electrode 2.
Further, the diameter of the first electrode 1 is 100-1000um.Coordination electrode diameter guarantees manufactured yarn
Line sensor can be woven into fabric in the method for braiding.
Further, the base thread 4 is selected from one of natural fiber yarn and chemical fibre yarn.Base thread
4 can be the natural fiber yarn of common commercial, such as silk, cotton, bast yarn and thread, gauze line, wool yarn line；Or for such as
The chemical fibre yarn of the various commercials such as terylene, polyamide fibre, polyvinyl, polyvinyl chloride fibre.In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, silk is selected to make
For base thread 4, silk fiber softness is flexible, drawing force is strong, heat-resist, not easy to break, is best as base thread 4
One of material.
Further, the conductive material layer is the first conductive material dip-coating, coating or plating on the base thread 4
The clad of formation；First conductive material is in silver nanowires, carbon material, ionic liquid, conductive polymer material
It is a kind of；The carbon material is selected from one of graphene, single-walled carbon nanotube and multi-wall carbon tube；The conductive polymer material choosing
From one of polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline derivative, polythiofuran derivative and Polypyrrole derivatives or a variety of.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, first electrode 1 selects commercially available metallic copper wire, and metallic copper wire has good lead
Except electrical property, it is also equipped with certain draftability, and there is linear structure can be woven into fabric.In addition to this it is possible to select with
Silk is as base thread 4, and the conductive yarn prepared using silver nanowires as conductive is as first electrode 1, silver nanoparticle
Line has good electric conductivity, and due to the dimensional effect of Nano grade, also has excellent translucency, flexible resistance, for system
Standby flexible, bent first electrode 1 provides the foundation.
The sensitive material is wet sensitive solution or wet sensitive yarn containing humidity-sensitive material.The wet sensitive yarn can be used homemade
Method, such as: by the dip-coating of wet sensitive solution or it is coated in formation wet sensitive yarn on base thread 4.Commercially available wet sensitive can also be used
Yarn product, such as select the odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn of sea salt Jin Yi silk spinning Co., Ltd production.Wherein, described wet
Quick material is metal oxide humidity-sensitive material, silicon humidity-sensitive material, ceramic humidity-sensitive material, wet sensitive high molecular polymer and compound wet sensitive
One of material, wherein the compound humidity-sensitive material is the compound of the wet sensitive high molecular polymer and the second conductive material
Object, the wet sensitive high molecular polymer in polyimides, polystyrene, carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose extremely
Few one kind；Second conductive material is selected from carbon black, graphene, single-walled carbon nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube, metal nanoparticle
With one of metal nanometer line or a variety of.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, sensitive material 3 can select the odd-shaped cross section with Moisture absorbing & quick drying property
Change yarn or the wet sensitive solution containing carboxymethyl cellulose and carbon nanotube, polyimides can also be selected.Wherein, such as Fig. 5
It is shown, it is the cross-sectional view (purchase company: sea salt Jin Yi silk spinning Co., Ltd) of commercially available odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn,
Dumbbell shaped is presented in this section, is commercially available the humidity-sensitive material with Moisture absorbing & quick drying property, and have stretching and bending property.
Preferably, selecting carboxymethyl cellulose to mix with carbon nanotube when production resistance-type yarn humidity sensor
Wet sensitive solution as sensitive material, moisture sensitivity and electric conductivity can be had both.Further, carboxymethyl is fine in wet sensitive solution
Dimension element and the mass fraction ratio of carbon nanotube are 5-10:1.
When making condenser type yarn humidity sensor, select polyimide solution as sensitive material, polyimides
High temperature resistant -200~300 DEG C of long-term use temperature range, has the characteristics that high insulating property, is capacity type wet up to 400 DEG C or more
Quick material preferably selects.Further, polyimide solution are as follows: polyimides is dissolved in N-Methyl pyrrolidone, is formed
Mass fraction is 15%-20% polyimide solution.
Twin shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps: coating or wind the sensitive material on 1 surface of first electrode
Material 3, obtains precast body；The second electrode 2 is bonded according to the direction parallel with the first electrode 1 with the precast body,
Then it coats on the surface for the precast body and the second electrode 2 being bonded to each other or winds the sensitive material 3, obtain institute
State twin shaft humidity sensor, wherein the second electrode 2 is wire or conductive yarn.
Further, in one of the embodiments, as shown in Figure 1, the twin shaft humidity sensor is made according to the following steps
It is standby:
The first electrode 1 is wire or is conductive yarn with the second electrode 2；The sensitive material 3 is
Wet sensitive yarn or functionalization yarn, the wet sensitive yarn described in 1 surface wrap of first electrode or the functionalization yarn, obtain
Precast body；The second electrode 2 is bonded according to the direction parallel with the first electrode 1 with the precast body, then in phase
Wet sensitive yarn described in the surface wrap of the precast body and the second electrode 2 that are mutually bonded or the functionalization yarn, obtain
Twin shaft looping humidity sensor.
Preferably, in this twin shaft looping humidity sensor, select metallic copper wire as first electrode 1 and second electrode 2,
Select odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn as sensitive material 3.First odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn is wrapped in first electrode 1,
So that sensitive material 3 can be used as two interelectrode dielectric materials, but also as interelectrode insulating materials, two electrodes are prevented
Material contacts with each other.Then second electrode 2 and first electrode 1 are placed in parallel rear looping sensitive material 3, sensitive material 3
As insulating materials, material is transmitted but also as humidity.The yam-like humidity sensor being prepared according to the above method is capacitor
Formula humidity sensor, structure is simple, high sensitivity.
Further, in another embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, the twin shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps:
The first electrode 1 is wire or is conductive yarn with the second electrode 2；The sensitive material 3 is
Wet sensitive solution；By the wet sensitive solution dip-coating or it is coated in 1 surface of first electrode, obtains precast body；By second electricity
Pole 2 is bonded according to the direction parallel with the first electrode 1 with the precast body, then in the precast body that is bonded to each other and
The surface of the second electrode 2 dip-coating or the coating wet sensitive solution again, obtain twin shaft dip-coating humidity sensor.
Preferably.In this twin shaft dip-coating humidity sensor, select metallic copper wire as first electrode 1 and second electrode 2.
By the parallel fixed placement of two electrode materials, by 3 dip-coating of sensitive material on two electrodes, it is wet that sense is formed between electrode material
Layer, can form capacitance type humidity sensor.By the way that conductive material is added in sensitive material 3, such as multi-walled carbon nanotube, single wall carbon
Nanotube, graphite powder, polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole etc. can form electric resistance moisture sensor.Therefore, according to the method described above
The twin shaft dip-coating humidity sensor being prepared can be capacitance type humidity sensor, can also be electric resistance moisture sensor.And it makes
Preparation Method is easy to operate, and equipment requirement is lower.
The single shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps: coating the sensitive material on 1 surface of first electrode
3, precast body is obtained, then forms the second electrode 2 in the part of the surface of the precast body, obtains the uniaxial humidity sensor
Device, wherein the second electrode 2 is layered electrode or wire electrode.
Further, as shown in figure 3, in one embodiment, one of uniaxial humidity sensor presses following step
Rapid preparation:
The sensitive material 3 is wet sensitive solution, coats the wet sensitive solution on 1 surface of first electrode, obtains prefabricated
Body passes through silk screen print method, ink-jet printing, vapour deposition method, magnetron sputtering method, dipping then using the first conductive material as raw material
Method or drop-coating form the second electrode 2 of stratiform in the part of the surface of the precast body, obtain uniaxial coating humidity sensor；Its
In, 3 coated length of sensitive material is 1~5cm.
Preferably, in this single shaft coating humidity sensor design, one electrode is only set by being positioned only at central axis,
Compared with twin shaft humidity sensor, the diameter of uniaxial humidity sensor is further decreased, it is easier to which later period cloth cover is woven smooth
Property.3 length of sensitive material coated in first electrode 1 is 1-5cm, and the first electrode 1 of remaining non-looping sensitive material 3 is used only as
Electric signal transmission medium, the too long or too short sensitivity that will affect humidity sensor and recoverability that sensitive material 3 coats.
Further, the base thread 4 is additionally provided between the first electrode 1 and the sensitive material 3, it first will be described
Base thread 4 is wrapped in the first electrode 1, is then coated with the wet sensitive solution.Base thread 4 is wrapped in described
On one electrode 1, the binding force between sensitive material 3 and electrode material can be improved, sensitive material 3 is avoided directly to be coated on electrode material
When on material, it is easy to produce the problem of falling off.
Further, as shown in figure 4, in another embodiment, the single shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps:
The second electrode 2 is wire, or is conductive yarn, and the sensitive material 3 is wet sensitive solution；Described first
1 surface of electrode coats the wet sensitive solution, obtains precast body, and then second electrode 2 is wrapped in described the by " S " type or " Z " type
Uniaxial looping humidity sensor is formed on one electrode 1；Wherein, the winding spacing of the second electrode 2 is 0.1~0.5cm.
Preferably, in this single shaft looping humidity sensor, dip-coating sensitive material 3, then exists on Single lead material
Looping electrode material is spaced on sensitive material, the parallel wire spacing of the two of winding direction is 0.1~0.5cm.Interval promotes sensitive material
Material 3 is easy to feel wet, while structure design is easily operated, easy to produce.
Yam-like humidity sensor prepared by the present invention is designed effective by electrode material, sensitive material 3 and structure
In conjunction with the yam-like sensor of twin shaft humidity sensor or uniaxial this two major classes of humidity sensor can be obtained.Twin shaft humidity sensor
Device preparation method is simple, equipment requirement is lower, need to only regard sensitive material 3 as two interelectrode dielectric materials of yam-like, prevent
Only two electrode materials contact with each other, so that it may highly sensitive yam-like sensor be made.Uniaxial humidity sensor is wet in twin shaft
Further improvement has been done on the basis of degree sensor, the diameter of yam-like humidity sensor is further decreased, the later period is easy to
The woven planarization of cloth cover.Yam-like humidity sensor provided by the invention, passes through electrode material, sensitive material, base material
Rational design and selection, make it have good flexibility, obtained humidity sensor have high sensitivity while, can meet
The sensor is woven into fabric by weaving method for weaving, can be used for detecting human body by the processing conditions of textile processing equipment at present
Physiological health signal, perspiring situation and breath test etc., widen the test scope in the wearable field of flexible intelligent conscientiously.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
A kind of twin shaft looping humidity sensor provided in this embodiment, preparation step are as follows:
(1) select metallic copper wire as first electrode 1 and second electrode 2, selecting odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn is sensitivity
First electrode 1, second electrode 2 and odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn are first impregnated 0.5h in dehydrated alcohol, reused by material
Ionized water cleans 5 times, dries 1h under the conditions of 60 DEG C, it is ensured that material is without other impurities.
(2) odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn is wrapped in first electrode 1 in a manner of " S " type or " Z " type, is obtained prefabricated
Body.
(3) precast body and second electrode 2 are placed in parallel, then separately take an odd-shaped cross section functionalization yarn with " S " again
Type or " Z " type mode are wound in first electrode and second electrode, form twin shaft looping humidity sensor.
Embodiment 2
A kind of twin shaft dip-coating humidity sensor provided in this embodiment, preparation step are as follows:
(1) it selects metallic copper wire as first electrode 1 and second electrode 2, first uses first electrode 1 and second electrode 2
0.5h is impregnated in dehydrated alcohol, is reused deionized water and is cleaned 5 times, it is ensured that material is dried under the conditions of 60 DEG C without other impurities
1h。
(2) configure sensitive material 3: polyimides need to be first dissolved in N-Methyl pyrrolidone, formed mass fraction and be
15% polyimide solution.
(3) polyimide solution that mass fraction is 15% is coated in first electrode 1 as sensitive material 3, is repeated
Coating step three times after 180 DEG C of drying 2h, obtain precast body.
(4) precast body and second electrode 2 are placed in parallel, polyimide solution is then coated in precast body and second again
2 surface of electrode, repetitive coatings step 5 time form twin shaft dip-coating humidity sensor after 180 DEG C of drying 2h.
Embodiment 3
A kind of uniaxial coating humidity sensor provided in this embodiment, preparation step are as follows:
(1) select metallic copper wire as first electrode 1, silk is as base thread 4, by first electrode 1 and base thread 4
First using 0.5h is impregnated in dehydrated alcohol, reuses deionized water and clean 5 times, it is ensured that material is without other impurities, in 60 DEG C of conditions
Lower drying 1h.
(2) configure sensitive material 3: polyimides need to be first dissolved in N-Methyl pyrrolidone, formed mass fraction and be
15% polyimide solution.
(3) base thread 4 is wrapped in first electrode 1 in a manner of " S " type or " Z " type, then by polyimide solution
Coated in first electrode 1, repetitive coatings step 5 time, 180 DEG C of drying 2h, 100 DEG C of vacuum drying 12h obtain precast body.
(4) by precast body by mask method by its part overlaid, then by the method for magnetron sputtering, by metallic silver from
Son is splashed to 3 surface of sensitive material, and electrode sputtering length is preferred with axial length 0.8cm, obtains uniaxial coating humidity sensor.
Embodiment 4
A kind of uniaxial looping humidity sensor provided in this embodiment, preparation step are as follows:
(1) metallic copper wire is selected to be used as first electrode 1, silver nanowires is coated in the conductive yarn formed on silk as the
First electrode 1 is first used soaked in absolute ethyl alcohol 0.5h by two electrodes 2, is reused deionized water and is cleaned 5 times, it is ensured that material is without it
His impurity, dries 1h under the conditions of 60 DEG C.
(2) configure sensitive material 3: it is molten that carboxymethyl cellulose and carbon nanotube according to the mass ratio of 9:1 are configured to wet sensitive
Liquid.
(3) wet sensitive solution is coated in first electrode 1, repetitive coatings step 5 time, 60 DEG C of prebake 2h, 100 DEG C of vacuum
Dry 12h, obtains precast body.
(4) second electrode 2 is wrapped on precast body in a manner of " S " type or " Z " type by the large-spacing of 0.25cm, is formed single
Axis looping humidity sensor.
Test example 1
The first electrode 1 of Examples 1 to 4 is accessed to one end of LCR digital electric bridge, then second electrode 2 is accessed into LCR number
The other end of electric bridge.Capacitance type humidity sensor uses the capacitor gear of LCR, and electric resistance moisture sensor then uses the electricity of LCR
Stop position.The corresponding test data of Examples 1 to 4 can be obtained according to the method.
Fig. 6 is the yam-like humidity sensor that provides of embodiment 1 capacitance variations curve under the conditions of different humidity.Fig. 7 is
The yam-like humidity sensor that embodiment 2 provides capacitance variations curve under the conditions of different humidity.It can be seen that from two width figures
Twin shaft humidity sensor prepared by the present invention, with the increase of humidity, the yam-like humidity of embodiment 1 and the offer of embodiment 2
The capacitor of sensor becomes larger, and humidity is bigger, and capacitance variations are bigger, to reflect case study on implementation 1 and the offer of embodiment 2
Yam-like humidity sensor high sensitivity.
Fig. 8 is the multiple breath test curve for the yam-like humidity sensor that embodiment 3 provides.Wherein, Response
(%)=(Cp-C0)*100/C0It is indicated, wherein CpFor capacitor real-time testing value, C0For capacitor initial value.It can from figure
Out, as respiratory variations, humidity generate variation, that is, humidity becomes larger when exhaling, and capacitance becomes larger, and becomes larger therewith responding；Air-breathing
When humidity become smaller, capacitance becomes smaller, therewith response become smaller.The yam-like humidity that the result of Fig. 3 reflects the offer of case study on implementation 3 passes
Sensor can be applied in human health detection.
Fig. 9 is resistance change curves under the conditions of the yam-like humidity sensor different humidity that embodiment 4 provides.It can from result
To find out, with the increase of humidity, the resistance for the yam-like humidity sensor that embodiment 4 provides is become larger, and entire resistance becomes
Change curve close to straight line, the linearity is good, to reflect the resistance-type yam-like humidity sensor sensitivity of the offer of case study on implementation 3
It is high.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of yam-like humidity sensor, including first electrode, second electrode and sensitive material as induction humidity variation,
It is characterized in that, the first electrode is wire or conductive yarn, the conductive yarn includes base thread and is coated on institute
State the conductive material layer on base thread surface；It is wet that twin shaft is made in the first electrode, the sensitive material and the second electrode
Spend sensor or uniaxial humidity sensor；
Wherein, the twin shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps: being coated or is wound described quick in the first electrode surface
Feel material, obtains precast body；The second electrode is bonded according to the direction parallel with the first electrode with the precast body,
Then it coats on the surface for the precast body and the second electrode being bonded to each other or winds the sensitive material, obtain described
Twin shaft humidity sensor, wherein the second electrode is wire or conductive yarn；
The single shaft humidity sensor is prepared according to the following steps: being coated the sensitive material in the first electrode surface, is obtained
Then precast body forms the second electrode in the part of the surface of the precast body, obtain the uniaxial humidity sensor,
In, the second electrode is layered electrode or wire electrode.
2. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base thread is selected from natural fiber
One of yarn and chemical fibre yarn.
3. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the conductive material layer is first conductive
The clad that material dip-coating, coating or plating are formed on the base thread；First conductive material be selected from silver nanowires,
One of carbon material, ionic liquid, conductive polymer material；The carbon material is selected from graphene, single-walled carbon nanotube and more
One of wall carbon pipe；The conductive polymer material is selected from polyaniline, polythiophene, polypyrrole, polyaniline derivative, polythiophene
One of derivative and Polypyrrole derivatives are a variety of.
4. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the sensitive material is containing humidity-sensitive material
Wet sensitive solution or wet sensitive yarn；Wherein, the humidity-sensitive material is metal oxide humidity-sensitive material, silicon humidity-sensitive material, ceramic wet
One of quick material, wet sensitive high molecular polymer and compound humidity-sensitive material, wherein the compound humidity-sensitive material is the wet sensitive
The compound of high molecular polymer and the second conductive material, the wet sensitive high molecular polymer be selected from polyimides, polystyrene,
At least one of carboxymethyl cellulose and hydroxyethyl cellulose；Second conductive material is selected from carbon black, graphene, single wall carbon
One of nanotube, multi-walled carbon nanotube, metal nanoparticle and metal nanometer line are a variety of.
5. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the twin shaft humidity sensor is by following
Step preparation:
The first electrode and the second electrode are wire or are conductive yarn；The sensitive material is wet sensitive yarn
Or functionalization yarn, the wet sensitive yarn or the functionalization yarn are wound in the first electrode surface, obtains precast body；It will
The second electrode is bonded according to the direction parallel with the first electrode with the precast body, then described in be bonded to each other
Wet sensitive yarn described in precast body and the surface wrap of the second electrode or the functionalization yarn obtain twin shaft looping humidity biography
Sensor.
6. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the twin shaft humidity sensor is by following
Step preparation:
The first electrode and the second electrode are wire or are conductive yarn；The sensitive material is that wet sensitive is molten
Liquid；By the wet sensitive solution dip-coating or it is coated in the first electrode surface, obtains precast body；By the second electrode according to
The parallel direction of the first electrode is bonded with the precast body, then in the precast body and second electricity being bonded to each other
The surface of pole dip-coating or the coating wet sensitive solution again, obtain twin shaft dip-coating humidity sensor.
7. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the single shaft humidity sensor is by following
Step preparation:
The sensitive material is wet sensitive solution, coats the wet sensitive solution in the first electrode surface, obtains precast body, then
Using the first conductive material as raw material, pass through silk screen print method, ink-jet printing, vapour deposition method, magnetron sputtering method, infusion process or drop coating
Method forms the second electrode of stratiform in the part of the surface of the precast body, obtains uniaxial coating humidity sensor；Wherein, described quick
Sense material coated length is 1~5cm.
8. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the first electrode and the sensitive material
The base thread is additionally provided between material, first on the first electrode by base thread winding, then described in re-coating
Wet sensitive solution.
9. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the single shaft humidity sensor is by following
Step preparation:
The second electrode is wire, or is conductive yarn, and the sensitive material is wet sensitive solution；In the first electrode table
Face coats the wet sensitive solution, obtains precast body, and then second electrode is wound on the first electrode by " S " type or " Z " type
Form uniaxial looping humidity sensor；Wherein, the winding spacing of the second electrode is 0.1~0.5cm.
10. yam-like humidity sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the diameter of the first electrode is
100-1000um。
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| CN112857468A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-05-28 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Dual-mode sensor for measuring strain and magnetic field and preparation method thereof |
| WO2021180253A1 (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-09-16 | Západočeská Univerzita V Plzni | Humidity sensor for measurement with dc measuring signal and method of its production |
| CN113790741A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2021-12-14 | 武汉纺织大学 | Multifunctional sensing integrated flexible fabric-based sensor and application thereof |
| CN113804732A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-12-17 | 湘潭大学 | Wearable humidity sensing device for detecting human body sweating rate and manufacturing method thereof |
| WO2022070137A1 (en) | 2020-10-01 | 2022-04-07 | Centitvc - Centro De Nanotecnologia E Materiais Técnicos Funcionais E Inteligentes | Vehicle seat cover with a monitoring system |
| CN115078467A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-20 | 西北工业大学 | Humidity sensitive material, flexible humidity sensor and preparation method |
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