CN109238571B - Trace blood leakage monitoring device and method for blood purification system - Google Patents
Trace blood leakage monitoring device and method for blood purification system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109238571B CN109238571B CN201811280460.9A CN201811280460A CN109238571B CN 109238571 B CN109238571 B CN 109238571B CN 201811280460 A CN201811280460 A CN 201811280460A CN 109238571 B CN109238571 B CN 109238571B
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- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ellagic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(OC2=O)=C3C4=C2C=C(O)C(O)=C4OC(=O)C3=C1 AFSDNFLWKVMVRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N Ellagic acid Natural products OC1=C(O)[C@H]2OC(=O)c3cc(O)c(O)c4OC(=O)C(=C1)[C@H]2c34 ATJXMQHAMYVHRX-CPCISQLKSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002079 Ellagic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960002852 ellagic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000004132 ellagic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- FAARLWTXUUQFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylellagic acid Natural products O1C(=O)C2=CC(O)=C(O)C3=C2C2=C1C(OC)=C(O)C=C2C(=O)O3 FAARLWTXUUQFSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001631 haemodialysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000322 hemodialysis Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012445 acidic reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012802 pre-warming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000023555 blood coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003734 kidney Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 208000037157 Azotemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000001647 Renal Insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 201000006370 kidney failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000009852 uremia Diseases 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/40—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using electric means, e.g. by observing electric discharges
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
Abstract
The invention provides a trace blood leakage monitoring device and a trace blood leakage monitoring method for a blood purification system, wherein the monitoring device comprises a cavity, a solenoid, a temperature control hot plate, a microcontroller and a driving detection circuit, wherein the solenoid is arranged above the cavity, and the temperature control hot plate is arranged below the cavity; the solenoid is driven by the microcontroller through controlling the drive detection circuit; the interior of the cavity is a cavity body and is provided with three micro-channels which are respectively connected with a waste sample liquid inlet hose, a first injection pump and a second injection pump; a clamping groove is arranged on one side of the cavity, a n-shaped suspension sensor is arranged in the clamping groove, and an output signal of the n-shaped suspension sensor is connected to the driving detection circuit. The invention can overcome the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by the existence of bubbles in the waste liquid in the extracorporeal blood purification system, and can avoid the phenomenon of false alarm due to blood leakage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention mainly relates to a hemodialysis and washing device, in particular to a device and a method for monitoring trace blood leakage of an extracorporeal blood purification system.
Background
Artificial kidney and hemodialysis washing apparatuses are widely used for patients with renal failure, uremia, and other diseases, and their principle is to draw the blood of the patients out of the body, remove the excessive harmful substances in the body by using the principles of dialysis, filtration, adsorption, membrane separation, and the like, and then draw the purified blood back into the body. The core part of the artificial kidney and hemodialysis washing device is a dialysis membrane made of high molecular materials, and the dialysis membrane can replace glomeruli to realize the filtering function of the capillary vessel wall, thereby achieving the purpose of blood purification. If the dialysis membrane is broken in the dialysis and washing processes, blood can permeate into the waste liquid end to cause blood leakage, so that the life safety of a patient is threatened. Therefore, the blood leakage can be timely avoided by early detection of the blood leakage through blood leakage monitoring.
The existing blood leakage monitoring method is generally realized by adopting an optical principle, namely, a light emitting diode emits a beam of light which penetrates through a waste liquid container, a light-sensitive sensor or a color sensor (the invention patent 'a blood leakage monitoring system for blood purification' (CN201210257765.4)) arranged at the other end of the waste liquid container converts a transmission light signal into an electric signal, and the magnitude of the electric signal is compared to judge whether the blood leakage phenomenon exists.
Because the depth of ultrafiltrate colour is different, and photosensitive sensing circuit receives the light intensity signal difference of different patients, and photosensitive sensing unit sensitivity response range's influence adds, and the blood that needs in the waste liquid when detecting blood leakage with the optical principle can be detected by the sensor to reach a quantitative, and trace, a small amount of blood leakage can not effectively be detected. In addition, the traditional optical principle detection method is easily influenced by bubbles in the waste liquid, so that the measurement accuracy is influenced, and even a false alarm condition occurs. The detection of trace and small amount of blood leakage can be found in time to judge the blood leakage phenomenon in advance, and corresponding safety measures can be taken as soon as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a trace blood leakage monitoring device and method of a blood purification system by combining the prior art and starting from practical application, which can overcome the problem of inaccurate measurement caused by the existence of bubbles in waste liquid in an extracorporeal blood purification system and can avoid the phenomenon of false alarm of blood leakage.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a trace blood leakage monitoring device of a blood purification system comprises a cavity, a solenoid, a temperature control hot plate, a microcontroller and a drive detection circuit, wherein
The solenoid is arranged above the cavity, and the temperature control hot plate is arranged below the cavity; the solenoid is driven by the microcontroller through controlling the drive detection circuit;
the interior of the cavity is a cavity body and is provided with three micro-channels which are respectively connected with a waste liquid sample injection hose, a first injection pump and a second injection pump; a clamping groove is arranged on one side of the cavity, a n-shaped suspension sensor is arranged in the clamping groove, and an output signal of the n-shaped suspension sensor is connected to the driving detection circuit.
Further, the first injection pump and the second injection pump are controlled by the microcontroller to realize the pushing function and the back pulling function.
Further, the waste liquid advances a kind hose and is three ports of Y style of calligraphy, and waste liquid bag and cavity are connected respectively to its two exit ends, through first silica gel hose connection between cavity and the waste liquid advances a kind hose, through second silica gel hose connection between cavity and the first syringe pump, through third silica gel hose connection between cavity and the second syringe pump, first silica gel hose and waste liquid advance a kind hose junction port be greater than with cavity junction port.
Furthermore, the clamping groove is composed of a clamping groove base and a buckle, and the n-shaped suspension sensor is fixed on the clamping groove base through the buckle.
Further, the n-shaped suspension sensor comprises a left suspension arm, a right suspension arm, a free vibration end and an n-shaped suspension support end;
the left cantilever, the right cantilever and the free vibration end form a pi-shaped structure;
two parallel P + resistors are engraved on the left cantilever close to the supporting end side, the direction of the two parallel P + resistors is the same as the longitudinal direction of the left cantilever, the two parallel P + resistors are connected with the high-doping resistor in series, and corresponding electrodes are led out;
two parallel P + resistors are engraved on the right cantilever close to the supporting end side, the direction of the two parallel P + resistors is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the right cantilever, the two parallel P + resistors are connected with the high-doping resistor in series, and corresponding electrodes are led out;
the two parallel P + resistors on the left cantilever and the two parallel P + resistors on the right cantilever are perpendicular to each other.
Furthermore, the substrate used by the Pi-type suspension sensor is a silicon substrate, and the silicon surface is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate.
Furthermore, rectangular metal nickel is sputtered on the free vibration end.
Further, the cantilever of the pi-shaped suspension sensor is long: 40-250 μm, width: 10-50 μm, thickness: 1 to 5 μm.
Furthermore, in the drive detection circuit, the resistance R corresponding to the left cantilever piezoresistances1Resistance R corresponding to right cantilever piezoresistances2And a resistance R1、R2、R3、R4The chip IC2 and the chip IC3 form a bridge;
r in the bridge1、R2、R3Serially connected and connected with DC voltage VCC, and AD835 chip with pins 1 and 5 and R as IC2 chip3The pins 8 are connected with the D/A chip, and the pins 2, 4 and 7 are grounded;
r in the bridges1、Rs2、R4Serially connected and connected with DC voltage VCC, and AD835 chip with pins 1 and 5 and R as IC3 chip4The pins 8 are connected with the D/A chip, and the pins 2, 4 and 7 are grounded;
bridge output voltage V1、V2Amplified by a differential operational amplifier IC1 to obtain an output voltage VIC1＝A(V1-V2) A is the amplification factor of the chip IC 1;
the microcontroller collects the output signal V of the IC1 through the A/D converterIC1According to VIC1Value-regulated D/a value to control voltage V at pin 8 of IC2c1And voltage V at pin 8 of IC3c2；
R3Equivalent resistance R of circuit formed by chip IC2ctl1Can be expressed as:
Rctl1＝R3/(1-Vc1) (3)
R4equivalent resistance R of circuit formed by chip IC2ctl2Can be expressed as:
Rctl2＝R4/(1-Vc2) (4)
when V isIC1When the value is not 0, the voltage V of pin 8 of the IC2 is adjustedc1And voltage V at pin 8 of IC3c2Changing the equivalent resistance Rctl1And Rctl2Up to VIC1Is 0, the bridge balance is achieved;
after the bridge is balanced, the microcontroller controls the signal generator to send the sine signal with specific amplitude and frequency to the alternating current constant current source and the phase-locked amplifying circuit;
the solenoid is acted by an excitation signal to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the nickel at the free vibration end of the Pi-shaped suspension sensor is influenced by the alternating magnetic field to generate force action, so that the left cantilever and the right cantilever generate periodic vibration deformation, and the resistor R is further enabled to generates1And a resistance Rs2A change occurs;
the weak change signal generated by the bridge is amplified by a differential amplifier IC1, and then is measured by a phase-locked amplifying circuit and sent to a microcontroller.
A method for monitoring trace blood leakage of a blood purification system comprises the following steps,
and 6, converting the blood content in the waste liquid by measuring the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the electric bridge and according to the proportional relation between the blood content in the waste liquid and the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the electric bridge.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention overcomes the defect that the measurement is inaccurate due to the existence of bubbles in the waste liquid, and can avoid the phenomenon of blood leakage and false alarm; the structure design of the micro-nano-scale II-shaped suspension sensor is simple and reasonable, and after trace blood is mixed with an ellagic acid reagent and 0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution, blood coagulation is generated, so that the signal output of a bridge formed by the II-shaped suspension sensor is changed, and the detection of the trace blood can be realized; the n-shaped suspension sensor can realize trace blood detection and can be widely used for micro-molecule detection in the fields of biology, medicine, chemistry and the like; the bridge automatic balancing circuit can be widely applied to bridge balance adjustment formed by any other sensors.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a Pi-shaped suspension sensor.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a Pi-shaped suspension sensor.
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a monitoring device for trace blood leakage.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a fixture slot of a Pi-shaped suspension sensor.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a driving detection circuit for monitoring minute amount of blood leakage.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Further, it should be understood that various changes or modifications of the present invention may be made by those skilled in the art after reading the teaching of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3, the ii-type suspension sensor-based micro blood leakage monitoring device of the present invention comprises: the device comprises a waste liquid sampling hose 1, a first silica gel hose 2, a waste liquid bag 3, a first injection pump 4, a second silica gel hose 5, a temperature control hot plate 6, a cavity 7, a solenoid 8, a clamping groove 9, a third silica gel hose 10, a second injection pump 11, a microcontroller 12 and a drive detection circuit 13.
Wherein the waste liquid advances appearance hose 1 and is the three port of Y style of calligraphy, and the waste liquid flows into waste liquid bag 3 and first silica gel hose 2 respectively, and first silica gel hose 2 connects waste liquid advances appearance hose 1 and cavity 7, and it is great with waste liquid advances appearance hose 1 junction port, and cavity 7 junction port is less.
The first injection pump 4 is connected with the cavity 7 through the second silica gel hose 5, and the second injection pump 11 is connected with the cavity 7 through the third silica gel hose 10.
The cavity body is arranged in the cavity body 7, and three micro-channels are arranged and are respectively connected with the first silica gel hose 2, the second silica gel hose 5 and the third silica gel hose 10. The solenoid 8 is arranged right above the cavity 7, the right lower part is tightly attached to the temperature control hot plate 6, and the front side surface is provided with a rectangular opening which is an insertion opening of the clamping groove 9.
An n-shaped suspension sensor is arranged in the clamping groove 9, and an output signal of the n-shaped suspension sensor is connected to the driving detection circuit 13.
The solenoid 8 is driven by the microcontroller 12 by controlling the drive detection circuit 13.
As shown in FIG. 1, in the present invention, the pi-type suspension sensor comprises a left cantilever 25, a right cantilever 27, a free vibration end 26, and a pi-type suspension support end 22, wherein the substrate is a silicon substrate, the left cantilever 25, the right cantilever 27 and the free vibration end 26 form a pi-type structure, two parallel P + resistors 24 are engraved on the left cantilever 25 and the right cantilever 25 near the support end 22, the direction is the same as the longitudinal direction of the left cantilever 25, and the two parallel P + resistors 24 are connected in series with a highly doped resistor 23 and connected with aluminum electrodes 21 and 212. On the side close to the support end 22, two parallel P + resistors 28 are engraved on the right cantilever 27 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the right cantilever 27, the two parallel P + resistors 28 are connected in series with the highly doped resistor 29 and connected to the aluminum electrodes 210 and 211, and the two parallel P + resistors 24 on the left cantilever 25 and the two parallel P + resistors 28 on the right cantilever 27 are perpendicular to each other.
As shown in fig. 2, a rectangular metal nickel 214 is sputtered on the free vibrating end 26.
The Pi-shaped suspension sensor has the size range as follows: the cantilever thereof is long: 40-250 μm, width: 10-50 μm, thickness: 1 to 5 μm.
As shown in fig. 4, the card slot 9 is composed of a card slot base 14 and a buckle 15, and the pi-shaped suspension sensor is fixed on the card slot base 14 through the buckle 15, so as to realize quick installation.
The aluminum electrodes 21, 210, 211, 212 are led out through the lead wires 16 to be connected with an external circuit.
As shown in FIG. 5, the resistance R between the aluminum electrodes 21 and 212s1Resistance R between 210 and 211s2And a resistance R1、R2、R3、R4The chip IC2 and the chip IC3 form an electric bridge, the chips IC2 and IC3 are AD835 or similar chips, and R in the electric bridge3、R4The chip IC2 and the chip IC3 mainly function to realize the automatic balance adjustment of the bridge.
R in the bridge1、R2、R3Connected in series and connected to DC voltage VCC, IC2 pin 1 and pins 5 and R3And pin 8 is connected to the D/a chip, and pins 2, 4, and 7 are grounded.
R in the bridges1、Rs2、R4Connected in series and connected to DC voltage VCC, IC3 pin 1 and pins 5 and R4And pin 8 is connected to the D/a chip, and pins 2, 4, and 7 are grounded.
Bridge output voltage V1、V2Amplified by a differential operational amplifier IC1 to obtain an output voltage VIC1＝A(V1-V2) And A is the amplification factor of the chip IC 1.
The microcontroller 12 collects the output signal V of the IC1 through an A/D converterIC1According to VIC1Value-regulated D/a value to control voltage V at pin 8 of IC2c1And voltage V at pin 8 of IC3c2。
R3Equivalent resistance R of circuit formed by chip IC2ctl1Can be expressed as:
Rctl1＝R3/(1-Vc1) (5)
R4equivalent resistance R of circuit formed by chip IC2ctl2Can be expressed as:
Rctl2＝R4/(1-Vc2) (6)
when V isIC1With a value other than 0, regulating pin 8 of IC2Voltage Vc1And voltage V at pin 8 of IC3c2Changing the equivalent resistance Rctl1And Rctl2Up to VIC1Is 0, the bridge is balanced.
After the bridge is balanced, the microcontroller 12 controls the signal generator S1 to send a sinusoidal signal of a specific amplitude and frequency to the ac constant current source C1 and the phase-locked amplifier circuit 1.
The solenoid 8 generates an alternating magnetic field under the action of an excitation signal, and the metal nickel 214 at the free vibration end 26 of the pi-type suspension sensor generates force under the influence of the alternating magnetic field, so that the left cantilever 25 and the right cantilever 27 generate periodic vibration deformation, and the resistor Rs1 and the resistor Rs2 change.
The weak variation signal generated by the bridge is amplified by the differential amplifier IC1, measured by the phase-locked amplifier circuit 1 and sent to the microcontroller 12.
The monitoring method based on the monitoring device comprises the following steps:
1. according to the following steps: 1, proportioning an ellagic acid reagent and 0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution in proportion, pre-warming in a water bath at 37 ℃, and filling the proportioned solution into an injection syringe of a first injection pump 4;
2. starting the temperature control hot plate 6 to maintain the temperature at 37 ℃;
3. the second injection pump 11 is started, the second injection pump 11 works in a pulling mode, so that the waste liquid flows into the cavity 7 from the first silica gel hose 2 and finally flows into the second injection pump 11, the main function of the second injection pump 11 is to prevent the pressure generated by the hemodialysis system from being insufficient to enable the waste liquid to pass through the first silica gel hose 2, and the volume of an injection tube used by the second injection pump 11 is determined according to the amount of the waste liquid generated by hemodialysis;
4. the first injection pump 4 starts to inject the ellagic acid +0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution proportioning reagent into the cavity 7 at the flow rate of 1-5 uL/s, and the waste liquid and the ellagic acid +0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution proportioning reagent are mixed and flow into the second injection pump 11;
5. the driving detection circuit 13 sends out an excitation signal to the solenoid 8 after adjusting the automatic bridge to be balanced, drives the pi-shaped suspension sensor to freely vibrate up and down, and detects a weak signal generated by the bridge in real time;
when the waste fluid does not contain blood, the frequency and amplitude of the vibration signal output by the bridge are basically stable. When the waste liquid contains blood, blood coagulation occurs after trace blood is mixed with the ellagic acid reagent and 0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution, so that the frequency of the vibration signal output by the bridge shifts and the amplitude becomes small. The larger the blood concentration of the waste liquid is, the smaller the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the electric bridge is. I.e. the blood concentration in the waste fluid is in direct inverse proportion to the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the bridge.
6. The blood content in the waste liquid can be converted by measuring the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the electric bridge and according to the proportional relation between the blood content in the waste liquid and the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the electric bridge.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a blood purification system trace monitoring devices that leaks blood which characterized in that: comprises a cavity, a solenoid, a temperature control hot plate, a microcontroller and a drive detection circuit
The solenoid is arranged above the cavity, and the temperature control hot plate is arranged below the cavity; the solenoid is driven by the microcontroller through controlling the drive detection circuit;
the interior of the cavity is a cavity body and is provided with three micro-channels which are respectively connected with a waste liquid sample injection hose, a first injection pump and a second injection pump; a clamping groove is arranged on one side of the cavity, a n-shaped suspension sensor is placed in the clamping groove, and an output signal of the n-shaped suspension sensor is connected to the driving detection circuit;
the n-shaped suspension sensor comprises a left cantilever, a right cantilever, a free vibration end and an n-shaped suspension support end;
the left cantilever, the right cantilever and the free vibration end form a pi-shaped structure;
two parallel P + resistors are engraved on the left cantilever close to the supporting end side, the direction of the two parallel P + resistors is the same as the longitudinal direction of the left cantilever, the two parallel P + resistors are connected with the high-doping resistor in series, and corresponding electrodes are led out;
two parallel P + resistors are engraved on the right cantilever close to the supporting end side, the direction of the two parallel P + resistors is vertical to the longitudinal direction of the right cantilever, the two parallel P + resistors are connected with the high-doping resistor in series, and corresponding electrodes are led out;
the two parallel P + resistors on the left cantilever and the two parallel P + resistors on the right cantilever are perpendicular to each other.
2. The blood purification system microleakage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the first injection pump and the second injection pump are controlled by the microcontroller to realize the functions of pushing and pulling back.
3. The blood purification system microleakage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the waste liquid advances a kind hose and is Y style of calligraphy three ports, and waste liquid bag and cavity are connected respectively to its two exit ends, through first silica gel hose connection between cavity and the waste liquid advances a kind hose, through second silica gel hose connection between cavity and the first syringe pump, through third silica gel hose connection between cavity and the second syringe pump, first silica gel hose and waste liquid advance a kind hose junction port be greater than with cavity junction port.
4. The blood purification system microleakage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the clamping groove is composed of a clamping groove base and a buckle, and the n-shaped suspension sensor is fixed on the clamping groove base through the buckle.
5. The blood purification system microleakage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: the substrate used by the n-shaped suspension sensor is a silicon substrate, and the silicon surface is deposited on the upper surface of the substrate.
6. The blood purification system microleakage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: rectangular metal nickel is sputtered on the free vibration end.
7. The blood purification system microleakage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: cantilever length of the n-shaped suspension sensor: 40-250 μm, width: 10-50 μm, thickness: 1 to 5 μm.
8. The blood purification system microleakage monitoring device of claim 1, wherein: in the drive detection circuit, the resistance R corresponding to the left cantilever piezoresistances1Resistance R corresponding to right cantilever piezoresistances2And a resistance R1、R2、R3、R4The chip IC2 and the chip IC3 form a bridge;
r in the bridge1、R2、R3Serially connected and connected with DC voltage VCC, and AD835 chip with pins 1 and 5 and R as IC2 chip3The pins 8 are connected with the D/A chip, and the pins 2, 4 and 7 are grounded;
r in the bridges1、Rs2、R4Serially connected and connected with DC voltage VCC, and AD835 chip with pins 1 and 5 and R as IC3 chip4The pins 8 are connected with the D/A chip, and the pins 2, 4 and 7 are grounded;
bridge output voltage V1、V2Amplified by a differential operational amplifier IC1 to obtain an output voltage VIC1＝A(V1-V2) A is the amplification factor of the chip IC 1;
the microcontroller collects the output signal V of the IC1 through the A/D converterIC1According to VIC1Value-regulated D/a value to control voltage V at pin 8 of IC2c1And voltage V at pin 8 of IC3c2；
R3Equivalent resistance R of circuit formed by chip IC2ctl1Can be expressed as:
Rctl1＝R3/(1-Vc1) (1)
R4equivalent resistance R of circuit formed by chip IC2ctl2Can be expressed as:
Rctl2＝R4/(1-Vc2) (2)
when V isIC1When the value is not 0, the voltage V of pin 8 of the IC2 is adjustedc1And voltage V at pin 8 of IC3c2Changing the equivalent resistance Rctl1And Rctl2Up to VIC1Is 0, the bridge balance is achieved;
after the bridge is balanced, the microcontroller controls the signal generator to send the sine signal with specific amplitude and frequency to the alternating current constant current source and the phase-locked amplifying circuit;
the solenoid is acted by an excitation signal to generate an alternating magnetic field, and the nickel at the free vibration end of the Pi-shaped suspension sensor is influenced by the alternating magnetic field to generate force action, so that the left cantilever and the right cantilever generate periodic vibration deformation, and the resistor R is further enabled to generates1And a resistance Rs2A change occurs;
the weak change signal generated by the bridge is amplified by a differential amplifier IC1, and then is measured by a phase-locked amplifying circuit and sent to a microcontroller.
9. A monitoring method using the monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
step 1, according to the formula 1: 1, proportioning an ellagic acid reagent and 0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution in proportion, pre-warming in a water bath at 37 ℃, and filling the proportioned solution into a first injection syringe of an injection pump;
step 2, starting a temperature control hot plate to maintain the temperature at 37 ℃;
step 3, a second injection pump is started, the second injection pump works in a pulling mode, so that waste liquid flows into the cavity from the first silica gel hose and finally flows into the second injection pump, and the volume of an injection tube used by the second injection pump is determined according to the waste liquid amount generated by primary hemodialysis;
step 4, the first injection pump starts to inject the ellagic acid +0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution proportioning reagent into the cavity, the flow rate is 1-5 uL/s, and the waste liquid and the ellagic acid +0.025mol/L calcium chloride solution proportioning reagent are mixed and flow into the second injection pump;
step 5, after the driving detection circuit adjusts the automatic electric bridge to reach balance, an excitation signal is sent to the solenoid to drive the pi-shaped suspension sensor to freely vibrate up and down and detect a weak signal generated by the electric bridge in real time,
and 6, converting the blood content in the waste liquid by measuring the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the electric bridge and according to the proportional relation between the blood content in the waste liquid and the amplitude of the vibration signal output by the electric bridge.
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Application publication date: 20190118 Assignee: Ningbo Maofeng Machinery Engineering Co.,Ltd. Assignor: ZHEJIANG NORMAL University Contract record no.: X2024980000663 Denomination of invention: A device and method for monitoring trace blood leakage in a blood purification system Granted publication date: 20200623 License type: Common License Record date: 20240115 |