CN109238514A - The low temperature thermocouple caliberating device of one kind 77 ~ 90K warm area - Google Patents
The low temperature thermocouple caliberating device of one kind 77 ~ 90K warm area Download PDFInfo
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- CN109238514A CN109238514A CN201811019612.XA CN201811019612A CN109238514A CN 109238514 A CN109238514 A CN 109238514A CN 201811019612 A CN201811019612 A CN 201811019612A CN 109238514 A CN109238514 A CN 109238514A
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- thermocouple
- heat sink
- connecting rod
- caliberating device
- isothermal block
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
- G01K15/007—Testing
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- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of thermocouple caliberating devices applied to 77~90K warm area range.Caliberating device includes: vacuum chamber, liquid nitrogen tank, conical vessel, calibrating platform, heat sink, isothermal block, thermocouple to be calibrated, standard thermometer, ice bath, vacuum pump, data collecting instrument.The point of the equilibrium temperature between 77~90K can be easily obtained in this method, and can demarcate simultaneously to multiple thermocouple thermometers.The covering device has many advantages, such as that easy to operate, precision is high, calibration quantity is more.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cryogenic refrigeration field of engineering technology, more particularly to the low temperature thermocouple temperature of one kind 77~90K warm area
Degree meter caliberating device.
Background technique
In the experiment such as low temperature cavitation, liquid flooding, experimental section temperature range is between 77~90K, and temperature change frequency is very
Fastly, and need to arrange more temperature point.Therefore, low temperature thermocouple is with its excellent dynamic response characteristic and cheap cost quilt
It is widely used in the experimental section temperature measurement of the experiments such as low temperature cavitation, liquid flooding.
Traditional low temperature thermocouple calibration mode be with the liquid nitrogen boiling point of normal atmosphere pressure, mixture of ice and water temperature spot,
Boiling water point is 3 calibration points, fits thermometric correlation of the thermocouple between 77~373K.Although this calibration mode is simple
It is easy, but in the low temperature test temperature measurement in face of 77~90K warm area, precision is very poor, it is difficult to accurate characterization true temperature.It is main
It wants to cause the accuracy of correlation not high the reason is that calibration point is very little and temperature span is too big, apply in low temperature test then more
Add inaccuracy.
Above-mentioned traditional low temperature thermocouple calibration mode there are aiming at the problem that, gradually appear many novel marks in the market
Mode is determined, to meet the needs of cryogenic refrigeration engineering field is to thermocouple Accurate Calibration.
104458059 A of Chinese patent CN discloses a kind of caliberating device of thermocouple string, and the device is with natural trend
Room temperature is calibration point, can quickly and easily be demarcated to more thermocouples, but be not suitable for the low temperature thermoelectricity of high-precision requirement
Even calibration.Chinese patent CN105865658A discloses a kind of ground scaling method of miniature armoured thermocouple, which utilizes
Minitype infrared lamp array realizes being evenly heated for constant temperature copper sheet plane, can demarcate simultaneously to more thermocouple thermometers, but can not answer
For 77~90K warm area.Japan Patent JP2000205973A discloses a kind of low temperature thermocouple caliberating device and method, the dress
It sets without standard thermometer, gas nitrogen is imported in liquid nitrogen constantly to reach new saturation balance point, by measuring saturated vapor pressure,
Corresponding saturated liquid temperature is calculated, the calibration of 77~94K warm area can be realized to thermocouple, but the device is pressure resistant vessel, knot
Structure is complicated, and dismounting is not easy, and when demarcating a fairly large number of thermocouple, operates lengthy and jumbled.Japan Patent JP2007248277A is disclosed
A kind of low temperature means for correcting of thermometer, the device will arrange the copper billet of thermocouple to be calibrated, be fully immersed in liquid nitrogen liquid
In oxygen mixed liquor, the fixed point of the scale of thermometer between 77~94K is obtained by changing the ratio of liquid nitrogen liquid oxygen, which can
Lean on, but the limited amount of disposable calibration thermocouple, when a fairly large number of thermocouple is demarcated in grouping, need repeatedly by copper billet from
It is taken out in mixed liquor, and non-reusable after the mixing of liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen.
Article describes a kind of caliberating device of low temperature thermocouple in [1], which utilizes the radiation cooling capacity and perseverance of liquid nitrogen
The heat confrontation that heater in incubator provides, to realize low temperature thermocouple in the calibration of 77~273K warm area；Article is retouched in [2]
Stated a kind of Medical low-temperature thermometer caliberating device, principle is similar with article [1], using in isothermal block heating wire it is different
The cold emission of heating power and liquid nitrogen is balanced, to realize equilibrium temperature point different between 77~300K；The type device
It is widely used, but insulating box need to be completely immersed in liquid nitrogen, and need to maintain high vacuum state inside insulating box, demarcated in grouping
When a fairly large number of thermocouple, vacuum state is destroyed repeatedly, rearrange thermocouple to be calibrated, trivial operations.Article [3] is retouched
A kind of simple low temperature thermocouple calibration system and method are stated, invention is the mixing different proportion in low temperature open-top receptacle
Liquid nitrogen and liquid oxygen to obtain multiple calibration points between 77~90K, and give detailed analysis on Uncertainty to calibration result,
But device design is simple, cannot demarcate more low temperature thermocouples simultaneously, and non-reusable after the mixing of liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen.Article
[4] a kind of easy thermocouple scaling method is described in, but is not suitable for 77~90K warm area, and this article demonstrates freezing point
Slot is higher than the temperature compensation system precision of built-in circuit board, is more suitable for temperature reference end.
In conclusion the demand high to thermocouple precision for the experiment such as low temperature cavitation, liquid flooding, quantity is big, it is necessary to set
Count a kind of low temperature thermocouple thermometer caliberating device of 77~90K warm area of simplicity.
[1]P.Zhang,Y.X.Xu,R.Z.Wang,M.Murakami,Fractal study of the
fluctuation characteristic in the calibration of the cryogenic thermocouples,
Cryogenics.2003(43):53-58.
[2] Lv Weimin etc., Medical low-temperature temperature calibration method [J] cryogenic technique, 2013 (11): 43-46.
[3] thank to Huang Jun etc., the calibration and error analysis [J] cryogenic engineering of low temperature thermocouple in the experiment of liquid nitrogen cavitation, 2016
(04):16-20.
[4] Chen Liang etc., the calibration and error analysis [J] cryogenic engineering of copper constantan thermocouple, 2008 (06): 18-23.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides the low temperature thermocouple thermometer caliberating device of one kind 77~90K warm area.The device can be easily
The thermocouple thermometer for being applied to temperature measurement in the experiment such as low temperature cavitation, liquid flooding is demarcated, there is easy to operate, precision
Feature high, more than calibration quantity.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of low temperature thermocouple thermometer caliberating device of 77~90K warm area, it includes: vacuum pump, the first valve, second
Valve, top cover, liquid injection port, gas outlet, ice bath, data collecting instrument, thermocouple to be calibrated, standard thermometer, isothermal block, calibration
Platform, heat sink, vacuum chamber, liquid nitrogen tank, conical vessel, connecting rod, heat absorption bar, locating part, thermocouple slot and controllable heating wire；It is whole
A device is divided into 3 cavitys from outside to inside, is followed successively by vacuum chamber, liquid nitrogen tank and conical vessel；Outermost vacuum chamber passes through the
One valve connects vacuum pump；The liquid nitrogen tank upper end connection liquid injection port of middle layer and gas outlet, lower end connect with isothermal block, isothermal block
Built-in controllable heating wire；The conical vessel of innermost layer has tapered side, and lower end connects with isothermal block, is connected by the second valve
Vacuum pump, inside are placed with calibrating platform, heat sink and connecting rod, and calibrating platform is fixedly connected with connecting rod bottom；Calibrating platform lower surface
With isothermal block thermal contact conductance, upper surface is disposed with multiple thermocouple slots；Heat sink centre, which is offered, constitutes clearance fit with connecting rod
Cylindrical hole, cover and constitute sliding pair on connecting rod, outside is tapered surface, can be fitted closely with conical vessel side, cylinder
Heat absorption bar is evenly distributed between through-hole and outside tapered surface；Finite place piece is fixed on connecting rod, heat sink slides to bottom for limiting
On calibrating platform；Thermocouple to be calibrated is arranged on calibrating platform, and lead is after heat sink upper winding, from the top cover of conical vessel
It draws, after the ice bath of built-in mixture of ice and water, is connected to the data collecting instrument for temperature collection data；Standard
Thermometer is built in isothermal block, directly connects data collecting instrument after vacuum chamber extraction.
Further, the wire wound of the thermocouple to be calibrated is on heat absorption bar.
Further, the material of the calibrating platform and isothermal block is high-purity oxygen-free copper.
Further, the top cover of the conical vessel is dismountable flange arrangement.
Further, the locating part is cylindrical shape, and cylindrical body is coaxially fixed with connecting rod, and outer diameter is greater than heat sink
On cylindrical hole.
Further, the thermocouple slot is uniform gap, and vacuum is filled between thermocouple and groove to be calibrated
Grease.
The invention has the advantages that and advantageous effects:
1. the heat sink structure that the present invention designs makes heat sink tapered side by gravity using unique pyramidal structure
Face can be fitted closely with conical vessel cold wall face, even if stress contraction occurs for material at low temperature, also be effective to ensure that heat
Heavy cooling capacity supply greatly reduces the influence that lead leakage thermal conductivity causes temperature fluctuation to generate calibration process；
2. the present invention is fought, to obtain by the heating power of heating wire in regulation isothermal block with the cooling capacity of liquid nitrogen conduction
Multiple temperature constant states are obtained, the method is simple and easy to do, reliable and stable；
3. the calibrating platform capacity rating that the present invention designs is big, one group can demarcate more low temperature thermocouples, and the calibration is flat
State of the platform independent of isothermal block and outermost layer vacuum chamber, can individually dismount, if thermocouple quantity to be calibrated is more, be easy
Realize that multiple groups are demarcated in batches；
4. especially may be used compared with prior art, the present invention compensating for the shortage of low temperature thermocouple calibration technique well
Quickly and easily to obtain the point of the equilibrium temperature between 77~90K, and it can easily realize the high-precision to a large amount of low temperature thermocouple
Calibration, to realize that the precise measurement of test block temperature in the experiment such as low temperature cavitation, liquid nitrogen provides guarantee.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of internal structure of the invention；
Fig. 2 is perspective view of the invention；
Fig. 3 is heat sink, connecting rod and calibrating platform perspective view of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of of the invention heat sink, connecting rod, calibrating platform, isothermal block and conical vessel.
In figure: 1-vacuum pump；2-the first valves；3-thermocouples to be calibrated；4-liquid injection ports；5-top covers；6-the second valves；7–
Gas outlet；8-ice baths；9-data collecting instruments；10-standard thermometers；11-isothermal blocks；12-calibrating platforms；13-is heat sink；14–
Vacuum chamber；15-liquid nitrogen tanks；16-conical vessels；17-connecting rods；18-heat absorption bars；19-locating parts；20-thermocouple slots；21-can
Control heating wire.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings, to demarcate low temperature thermocouple thermometer in liquid nitrogen liquid flooding experiment
As a specific embodiment.
As shown in figures 1-4, the thermocouple caliberating device of the present embodiment, it includes: vacuum pump 1, the first valve 2, the second valve
Door 6, top cover 5, liquid injection port 4, gas outlet 7, ice bath 8, data collecting instrument 9, thermocouple to be calibrated 3, standard thermometer 10, constant temperature
Block 11, calibrating platform 12, heat sink 13, vacuum chamber 14, liquid nitrogen tank 15, conical vessel 16, connecting rod 17, heat absorption bar 18, locating part 19,
Thermocouple slot 20 and controllable heating wire 21.
As shown in Figure 1, the thermocouple caliberating device of the present embodiment, is divided into 3 cavitys from outside to inside, it is followed successively by vacuum chamber
14, liquid nitrogen tank 15 and conical vessel 16.Outermost vacuum chamber 14 connects vacuum pump 1 by the first valve 2, opens the first valve
Air can be aspirated outward by vacuum pump 1 after door 2 form vacuum state；15 upper end of liquid nitrogen tank in middle layer connects liquid injection port 4 and goes out
Port 7 injects liquid nitrogen into slot by liquid injection port 4, and the gas that liquid nitrogen vaporization generates is discharged from gas outlet 7.Under liquid nitrogen tank 15
End connects with isothermal block 11, and the material of isothermal block 11 is high-purity oxygen-free copper, and built-in controllable heating wire 21, controllable heating wire 21 can
Regulate and control heating power.The conical vessel 16 of innermost layer has tapered side, and lower end connects with isothermal block 11, and top cover 5 is flange knot
Structure and stretching vacuum chamber 14, the top cover of flange arrangement can be dismantled in order to inside operation.16 inner cavity of conical vessel passes through second
Valve 6 connects vacuum pump 1, can aspirate outward air by vacuum pump 1 after opening the second valve 6, be placed with inside conical vessel 16
Calibrating platform 12, heat sink 13 and connecting rod 17.
As shown in figs. 2 to 4, in the thermocouple caliberating device of the present embodiment, the material of calibrating platform 12 is high-purity oxygen-free copper,
It is fixedly connected with the bottom of connecting rod 17；12 lower surface of calibrating platform and 11 thermal contact conductance of isothermal block, upper surface is disposed with multiple
Thermocouple slot 20；Locating part 19 is housed on connecting rod 17, and is cased with heat sink 13.
It as shown in figs. 2 to 4, is cylindrical hole among heat sink 13 in the thermocouple caliberating device of the present embodiment, heat sink 13 is logical
It crosses the cylindrical hole and connecting rod 17 constitutes clearance fit, the formation sliding pair free to slide on connecting rod 17 can be covered.Outside heat sink 13
Side is tapered surface, and gradient is identical as the tapered side inner wall of conical vessel 16, when its set is made on connecting rod 17 in gravity
When with lower slide downward, it can be fitted closely with 16 side of conical vessel.Even if stress contraction occurs for material at low temperature,
It can continue to slide downward and keep fit-state, effectively guarantee heat sink cooling capacity supply.In addition, the cylinder at heat sink 13 center is logical
A plurality of heat absorption bar 18 is circumferentially evenly distributed between Kong Yuqi lateral surface, the wire wound of thermocouple 3 to be calibrated is in heat absorption bar 18
On.Locating part 19 is fixed on the connecting rod 17 of heat sink 13 lower section, and effect is to prevent heat sink 13 from sliding on bottom calibrating platform 12,
It is pressed onto thermocouple slot 20.Locating part 19 is cylindrical shape in the present embodiment, and cylindrical body and connecting rod 17 are coaxial fixed, outer diameter
Greater than the cylindrical hole on heat sink 13.
As shown in Figure 1, thermocouple 3 to be calibrated is arranged on calibrating platform 12 in the thermocouple caliberating device of the present embodiment,
It after lead is wound on heat sink 13 heat absorption bar 18, draws, is put into the ice bath 8 of built-in mixture of ice and water from top cover 5, then
It is connected on data collecting instrument 9.Standard thermometer 10 is built in advance in isothermal block 11, is directly drawn and is reconnected from vacuum chamber 14
Onto data collecting instrument 9.Data collecting instrument 9 is the temperature that can be acquired thermocouple 3 and standard thermometer 10 to be calibrated and be incuded
The instrument of data.
As shown in figs. 34, in the thermocouple caliberating device of the present embodiment, thermocouple slot 20 is circumferential along connecting rod 17
Thermocouple 3 to be calibrated is placed in a groove, and inserts vacuum grease to increase the heat with calibrating platform 12 by the groove of even distribution
Contact.The vacuum grease will become solid-state when being cooled to 77~90K warm area, and thermal conductivity is good, and can play fixation
The effect of thermocouple 3 to be calibrated.
When using the thermocouple caliberating device, pass through the function of the controllable heating wire 21 inside regulation isothermal block 11
Rate is fought with the cooling capacity of liquid nitrogen transmitting, to obtain multiple temperature constant states between 77~90K.It is recorded using data collecting instrument 9
Thermocouple to be calibrated 3 and standard thermometer 10 temperature data, to fit the temperature association formula of low temperature thermocouple thermometer,
Complete staking-out work.
In an experiment, if 3 quantity of thermocouple to be calibrated is more, the device is after demarcating one group of thermocouple thermometer, nothing
The state that outermost layer vacuum chamber 14 and liquid nitrogen tank 15 need to be destroyed, by arranging new thermocouple to be calibrated 3 on calibrating platform 12,
Multiple groups staking-out work can be completed, it is convenient and efficient.
The invention is not limited to above-mentioned specific embodiments, and it is not intended to limiting the invention, and all take is equal
The mode technical solution obtained of replacement or equivalent transformation, falls within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the low temperature thermocouple caliberating device of one kind 77~90K warm area, which is characterized in that it includes: vacuum pump (1), the first valve
Door (2), the second valve (6), top cover (5), liquid injection port (4), gas outlet (7), ice bath (8), data collecting instrument (9), to be calibrated
Thermocouple (3), standard thermometer (10), isothermal block (11), calibrating platform (12), heat sink (13), vacuum chamber (14), liquid nitrogen tank
(15), conical vessel (16), connecting rod (17), heat absorption bar (18), locating part (19), thermocouple slot (20) and controllable heating wire
(21)；
Whole device is divided into 3 cavitys from outside to inside, is followed successively by vacuum chamber (14), liquid nitrogen tank (15) and conical vessel (16)；Most
The vacuum chamber (14) of outer layer passes through the first valve (2) connection vacuum pump (1)；Liquid nitrogen tank (15) upper end of middle layer connects liquid injection port
(4) and gas outlet (7), lower end connect with isothermal block (11), isothermal block (11) built-in controllable heating wire (21)；The taper of innermost layer
Container (16) has tapered side, and lower end connects with isothermal block (11), connects vacuum pump (1) by the second valve (6), inside is put
There are calibrating platform (12), heat sink (13) and connecting rod (17), calibrating platform (12) is fixedly connected with connecting rod (17) bottom；Calibrating platform
(12) lower surface and isothermal block (11) thermal contact conductance, upper surface is disposed with multiple thermocouple slots (20)；It is opened among heat sink (13)
Equipped with the cylindrical hole for constituting clearance fit with connecting rod (17), covers and constitute sliding pair on connecting rod (17), outside is tapered surface, energy
It is enough to be fitted closely with conical vessel (16) side, heat absorption bar (18) is evenly distributed between cylindrical hole and outside tapered surface；Even
Finite place piece (19) are fixed on bar (17), slide to bottom calibrating platform (12) for limiting heat sink (13)；Thermocouple to be calibrated
(3) it is arranged on calibrating platform (12), after lead is wound on heat sink (13), is drawn from the top cover (5) of conical vessel (16),
After the ice bath (8) of built-in mixture of ice and water, it is connected to the data collecting instrument (9) for temperature collection data；Mark
Quasi- thermometer (10) is built in isothermal block (11), connects data collecting instrument (9) after directly drawing from vacuum chamber (14).
2. thermocouple caliberating device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the lead of the thermocouple to be calibrated (3)
It is wrapped in heat absorption bar (18).
3. thermocouple caliberating device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the calibrating platform (12) and isothermal block
(11) material is high-purity oxygen-free copper.
4. thermocouple caliberating device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the top cover (5) of the conical vessel (16)
For dismountable flange arrangement.
5. thermocouple caliberating device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the locating part (19) is cylindrical
Shape, and cylindrical body is coaxial fixed with connecting rod (17), outer diameter is greater than the cylindrical hole on heat sink (13).
6. thermocouple caliberating device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that thermocouple slot (20) is uniform gap, to
It demarcates and is filled with vacuum grease between thermocouple (3) and groove.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811019612.XA CN109238514B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | A kind of low temperature thermocouple caliberating device of 77~90K warm area |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811019612.XA CN109238514B (en) | 2018-09-03 | 2018-09-03 | A kind of low temperature thermocouple caliberating device of 77~90K warm area |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109238514A true CN109238514A (en) | 2019-01-18 |
| CN109238514B CN109238514B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111307337A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Forced air circulation temperature calibration device |
| CN115876971A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-03-31 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Method for online correcting water ice sample analyzer in vacuum low-temperature environment |
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| CN111307337A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-19 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Forced air circulation temperature calibration device |
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| CN115876971A (en) * | 2022-12-30 | 2023-03-31 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Method for online correcting water ice sample analyzer in vacuum low-temperature environment |
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| CN109238514B (en) | 2019-07-09 |
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