CN109233942A - 一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN109233942A
CN109233942A CN201811315816.8A CN201811315816A CN109233942A CN 109233942 A CN109233942 A CN 109233942A CN 201811315816 A CN201811315816 A CN 201811315816A CN 109233942 A CN109233942 A CN 109233942A
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solvent
lubricating oil
low temperature
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姚婷
魏鑫
代兵
童东升
张子鹏
薛静
祁迅
栗敏
劳伟
张瑞祺
张辉
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Yantai Suoshan Machinery Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M161/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28Esters
    • C10M2207/281Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10MLUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2217/00Organic macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2217/02Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2217/028Macromolecular compounds obtained from nitrogen containing monomers by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a nitrogen-containing hetero ring
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10NINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/08Resistance to extreme temperature

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于石化油品添加剂,具体涉及一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂及其制备方法。该添加剂由下列组分按重量比配制而成,10~55%的添加剂主剂,优选35%;1~15%的添加剂助剂,优选6%;其余为溶剂。所述的添加剂助剂为乙烯‑醋酸乙烯酯和聚甲基丙烯酸十四酯中的一种,优选乙烯‑醋酸乙烯酯。该添加剂的原料来源广泛,合成工艺简单,适应性强,用量少和降凝效果好的优点,在添加剂用量为500ppm时,可降低润滑油的凝固点20℃以上。

Description

一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于石化油品添加剂,具体涉及一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
降凝剂(PPD)是一种油品添加剂,它在加入量很少时即能大大地改变油品中石蜡的结晶形态,改变体系的界面状态和流变性能,降低原油和油品的凝点和粘度,改善油品在采油、集输、储存等作业中的质量和效率,提高油品的使用性能,加宽原油炼制时馏分的切割宽度,提高经济效益和资源的利用率。
由于油品的组成和性能非常复杂,同一种降凝剂对不同油品的感受性差别很大。目前,合成的降凝剂以高分子共聚物为主,如马来酸酯-甲基丙烯酸长链烷基酯共聚物、醋酸乙烯酯-富马酸酯共聚物、苯乙烯-马来酸酯、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯-甲基丙烯酸酯共聚物、乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯-丙烯磺酸钠共聚物、苯乙烯-甲基丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸与高碳醇的环氧乙烷或丙烷的加成物的酯化物共聚物、丙烯酸长链烷基酯-马来酸酐-醋酸乙烯酯等。
由于共聚物的序列结构及结晶特性比较复杂,降凝剂的合成与应用主要还是依靠筛选。降凝剂的作用效果具有很大的局限性,因而对于具体的作用过程的研究较少而又较难,对降凝机理的研究还停留在经典的结晶学和热力学上。
目前将星型大分子用于润滑油的降低凝固点,提高其低温流动性能还比较少,星型的大分子在改变蜡晶成长状态具有较强的阻碍能力,具有较好的普适性。研究人员发现姚荣兴的博士论文《聚乙炔基乙烯的化学改性剂聚三唑高分子的合成》中的聚乙炔基乙烯的改性物具有优异的降凝效果。该分子在添加量为500ppm时可降低润滑油的凝固点20~30℃,且具有优异的普遍适应性。
发明内容
本发明针对目前现有技术的不足而提供一种用于润滑油降低凝固点的添加剂,该添加剂的原料来源广泛,合成工艺简单,适应性强,用量少和降凝效果好的优点,在添加剂用量为500ppm时,可降低润滑油的凝固点20℃以上。
本发明采用如下技术方案予以实现:
一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂,该添加剂由下列组分按重量比配制而成,10~55%的添加剂主剂,优选35%;1~15%的添加剂助剂,优选6%;其余为溶剂。
所述的添加剂主剂具有下式(I)的结构式:
n=2000~100000,优选5000-8000。
所述的添加剂助剂为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯和聚甲基丙烯酸十四酯中的一种,优选乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯。
所述的溶剂为甲苯。
上述技术方案中,所述用于提高润滑油低温流动性能添加剂的制备方法为:
按下列质量百分比将添加剂主剂、助剂及溶剂混合,其中添加剂主剂10-55%,添加剂助剂1-15%,其余为溶剂;将上述各组分在40~70℃,常压下搅拌20~60min,搅拌速率200~500rpm;然后冷却至室温,过滤脱除杂质,得到添加剂。
优选地,按下列质量百分比将添加剂主剂、助剂及溶剂混合,其中降凝剂主剂35%,添加剂助剂6%,溶剂59%;将上述各组分在50℃,常压下搅拌50min,搅拌速率400rpm;然后冷却至室温,过滤脱除杂质,得到添加剂。
本发明提供用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂,该添加剂由添加剂主剂、助剂和溶剂甲苯复配组成。添加剂主剂通过在主链上引入长碳链使其易于与蜡晶缠绕,进而吸附在蜡周围,支链上引入含氮刚性基团,该基团可以破坏蜡的网状结构,从而将低凝点的油品释放出来,进而降低润滑油的凝固点,提高低温流动性能。在主剂中引入其他高分子聚合物,比如乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯,该分子在析蜡点形成晶核,从而阻碍蜡晶的正常生长,进一步破坏润滑油中蜡晶的结构,从而大幅度地提高润滑油的低温流动性能。
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点和有益效果:
(1)本发明的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂的原料来源广泛,合成工艺简单,适应性强,用量少;
(2)本发明的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂具有较好的普遍适用性,对于不同地区的润滑油基础油均具有较强的抗凝能力;
(3)本发明的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂具有使用浓度低的特点,在添加剂用量为500ppm时,可降低润滑油的凝固点20℃以上。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例,并参照数据进一步详细描述本发明。应理解,这些实施例只是为了举例说明本发明,而非以任何方式限制本发明的范围。
实施例1:
按下列质量百分比将添加剂主剂、助剂及溶剂混合,其中添加剂主剂10%,添加剂助剂乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯1%,其余为溶剂甲苯;将上述各组分在40℃,常压下搅拌20min,搅拌速率200rpm;然后冷却至室温,过滤脱除杂质,得到添加剂A1
所述的添加剂主剂具有下式(I)的结构式:
n=20000~30000。
实施例2:
按下列质量百分比将添加剂主剂、助剂及溶剂混合,其中添加剂主剂35%,添加剂助剂乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯6%,其余为溶剂甲苯;将上述各组分在50℃,常压下搅拌50min,搅拌速率400rpm;然后冷却至室温,过滤脱除杂质,得到添加剂A2
所述的添加剂主剂具有下式(I)的结构式:
n=5000~8000。
实施例3:
按下列质量百分比将添加剂主剂、助剂及溶剂混合,其中添加剂主剂55%,添加剂助剂聚甲基丙烯酸十四酯15%,其余为溶剂甲苯;将上述各组分在70℃,常压下搅拌60min,搅拌速率500rpm;然后冷却至室温,过滤脱除杂质,得到添加剂A3
所述的添加剂主剂具有下式(I)的结构式:
n=90000~100000。
实施例4
本实施例用于说明1~3所合成的用于提高低温流动性能的添加剂在润滑油中的使用效果。
用本发明所制备的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能添加剂及市场上同类产品T818A、T818B以及T1801降凝剂分别对不同地区,不同馏分的基础油进行降凝效果评价,测试油品的倾点下降值,倾点依据GB/T3535进行测试,试验中添加剂或降凝剂的加量为w%=0.05%,试验结果见表1。
表1添加剂或降凝剂对不同基础油的降凝效果(ΔSP/℃)
由表1的试验结果可以看出,本发明所制备的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂可降低凝固点20℃以上,其中,实施例2制备的剂A2的降凝效果最好,凝固点降低25℃以上,本发明的添加剂的降凝效果要优于目前市场上的同类产品(T818A、T818B、T1801),因此,本发明的添加剂有良好的应用前景。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂,其特征在于,该添加剂由下列组分按重量比配制而成,10~55%的添加剂主剂,1~15%的添加剂助剂,其余为溶剂;
所述的添加剂主剂具有下式(I)的结构式:
n=2000~100000;
所述的添加剂助剂为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯和聚甲基丙烯酸十四酯中的一种;
所述的溶剂为甲苯。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂,其特征在于,该添加剂由下列组分按重量比配制而成,35%的添加剂主剂,6%的添加剂助剂,其余为溶剂;
所述的添加剂主剂具有下式(I)的结构式:
其中:n=5000-8000;
所述的添加剂助剂为乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯;
所述的溶剂为甲苯。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,具体制备方法如下:按下列质量百分比将添加剂主剂、助剂及溶剂混合,其中添加剂主剂10-55%,添加剂助剂1-15%,其余为溶剂;将上述各组分在40~70℃,常压下搅拌20~60min,搅拌速率200~500rpm;然后冷却至室温,过滤脱除杂质,得到添加剂。
4.根据权利要求3所述的用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂的制备方法,其特征在于,具体制备方法如下:按下列质量百分比将添加剂主剂、助剂及溶剂混合,其中降凝剂主剂35%,添加剂助剂6%,溶剂59%;将上述各组分在50℃,常压下搅拌50min,搅拌速率400rpm;然后冷却至室温,过滤脱除杂质,得到添加剂。
CN201811315816.8A 2018-11-06 2018-11-06 一种用于提高润滑油低温流动性能的添加剂及其制备方法 Withdrawn CN109233942A (zh)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115537254A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-12-30 湖北金曼利石化有限公司 一种耐高温耐磨发动机润滑油组合物及其制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
姚荣兴: "《聚乙炔基乙烯的化学改性及聚三唑高分子的合成》", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115537254A (zh) * 2021-12-13 2022-12-30 湖北金曼利石化有限公司 一种耐高温耐磨发动机润滑油组合物及其制备方法
CN115537254B (zh) * 2021-12-13 2023-11-07 湖北金曼利石化有限公司 一种耐高温耐磨发动机润滑油组合物及其制备方法

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