CN109233915A - Gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and integrating device - Google Patents

Gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and integrating device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109233915A
CN109233915A CN201811366472.3A CN201811366472A CN109233915A CN 109233915 A CN109233915 A CN 109233915A CN 201811366472 A CN201811366472 A CN 201811366472A CN 109233915 A CN109233915 A CN 109233915A
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China
Prior art keywords
biomass
gasification
furnace
gas
gasification furnace
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Application number
CN201811366472.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陈悦飞
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Guangdong Bao Jie Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Guangdong Bao Jie Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811366472.3A priority Critical patent/CN109233915A/en
Publication of CN109233915A publication Critical patent/CN109233915A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10BDESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • C10B53/00Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
    • C10B53/02Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/723Controlling or regulating the gasification process
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/82Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Coke Industry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and integrating devices, a kind of gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method, the following steps are included: S1, setting gasification furnace, carbide furnace, separator, material returning device, cyclone dust collectors, bag filter and cooling device;S2 burns to biomass material by gasification furnace;S3 separates biomass after burning by separator, can obtain high-temperature flue gas and imperfect combustion biomass;S4, extraction section high-temperature flue gas mix with air to obtain fluidized wind;Imperfect combustion biomass is returned in gasification furnace by material returning device and is burnt again by S5;S6, by cyclone dust collectors to high temperature fume dust removal;S7, high-temperature flue gas, which enters in carbide furnace, after dedusting carries out oxygen debt cracking gasification, obtains fixed carbon and combustion gas after cracking gasification;Combustion gas is dusted to obtain cleaning combustible gas by bag filter by S8;S9 cools down fixed carbon by cooling device to obtain available fixed carbon;The present invention effectively improves the utilization rate of biomass material, it can be achieved that enlargement and consecutive production.

Description

Gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and integrating device
Method field
The invention belongs to biomass treatment method more particularly to gasification of biomass carbonization treatment methods.
Background technique
The energy is material base for the survival of mankind, is the basic support of national economy.China is energy-consuming big country, Current energy supply relies primarily on the fossil energies such as coal, oil and natural gas, and the finiteness of fossil energy resource and its opens Hair utilizes process immense pressure caused by environmental ecology, seriously restricts the sustainable development of economic society.Meanwhile China is again It is a large agricultural country, there is the plant such as a large amount of agricultural crop straw, feces of livestock and poultry, processing of farm products byproduct and energy crop every year Object biomass generates.And biomass gasification technology is exactly using plant biomass as raw material, using pyrolysismethod and heat chemistry oxidizing process It heats under anoxic conditions, the energy conversion process of complicated thermal chemical reaction is brought it about, at reaction conditions according to chemistry The bonding principle of key, becomes the molecule of the imflammable gas such as carbon monoxide, methane, hydrogen.The fuel gas of production is alternative existing Some coals, petroleum and natural gas.Device can realize that the stalk in agriculture and forestry production, waste leftover material etc. can carry out recycling It utilizes.Effective way is proposed for the sustainable development of the energy.Meanwhile solving in single creature matter steam stove production process, it produces Raw carbon slag needs the problem of in addition processing, after being integrated using gasification-carbonization, while generating combustion gas, also has wide The fixation carbon raw material in market reaches object its energy to the greatest extent, the purpose made full use of.
Existing biomass gasifying furnace is using single production biological fuel gas, although the life of clean and environmental protection can be converted into Substance gas, but conversion ratio is not generally high, wherein the fixed carbon in biomass could not effectively be converted into combustion gas, mostly by with ash Slag is discharged together, as waste disposal, does not achieve the purpose that object institute's energy to the greatest extent,
Comprehensive utilization ratio is not high.Conventional carbide furnace, generated combustion gas fully effective cannot utilize, other than itself use, Due to small scale, it is unable to continuous production, use scope is relatively narrow.Meanwhile carbide furnace goes out carbon material and is unable to effective temperature-reducing, easily causes certainly Combustion produces dangerous.
Summary of the invention
The present invention be solve the problems, such as method existing for known method and provide a kind of gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and Gasification furnace carbide furnace integrating device.
The present invention is to solve the problems, such as the method scheme that method existing for known method is taken: a kind of gasification of biomass carbon Change processing method, comprising the following steps: S1, setting gasification furnace, carbide furnace, separator, material returning device, cyclone dust collectors, cloth bag remove Dirt device and cooling device;S2 burns to biomass material by gasification furnace;
S3 separates obtained material after burning by separator, can obtain high-temperature flue gas and imperfect combustion biomass;S4, Extraction section high-temperature flue gas mixes with air to obtain fluidized wind;Imperfect combustion biomass is returned by material returning device and is gasified by S5 It burns again in furnace;S6, by cyclone dust collectors to high temperature fume dust removal;S7, after dedusting high-temperature flue gas enter in carbide furnace into Row cracking gasification, obtains fixed carbon and combustion gas after cracking gasification;Combustion gas is dusted by bag filter and is cleaned by S8 Combustible gas;S9 cools down fixed carbon by cooling device to obtain available fixed carbon.
Further, the high-temperature flue gas needs to carry out cracking gasification in oxygen debt environment in carbide furnace.
Further, the carbide furnace gasification furnace integrating device by biomass fluidization formula gasification furnace, biomass carbonization furnace and Flue composition;The biomass fluidization bed gasification furnace, including it is gasification furnace body, fluidized bed, material conveyer on chain-plate type, close Envelope formula screw(-type) feeder, cyclone separator, material returning device, four pipe air-out apparatus, gas recirculating fan, oxygenating blower, the life Substance carbide furnace includes carbonization furnace body, four pipe feeding structures, combustion gas blower, bag filter, cooling device, gas outlet, draws Blower rotates out of carbon fire grate, discharging bin and discharge bucket.
Further, the gas recirculating fan be equipped with first outlet and second outlet, wherein the wind of first outlet into Enter as fluidized wind in the fluidized bed, the wind of second outlet enters the material returning device of the cyclone dust collectors lower part, as described The outlet of the power wind of material returning device, the oxygenating blower accesses the gas recirculating fan, as burning oxygenating wind.
Further, lower part is positive pressure working condition in the fluidized bed type gasification furnace body, and top is tiny structure work shape State.
Further, the gasification furnace body, cyclone separator and flue are set as adiabatic heat-insulation structure.
Further, the carbonization furnace body is equipped with four explosionproof water seals, and the carbide furnace inner wall is equipped with castable refractory, outer wall Equipped with heat-preservation cotton, the feeding structure of the carbonization furnace body is the two-way valve arrangement of sealing.
Further, the carbon fire grate top and the carbonization furnace body floor structure of rotating out of is the water seal knot sealed Structure, it is described to rotate out of the sealing structure for water that portion connecting structure on carbon fire grate lower part and the discharge bucket is sealing.
Further, it is poured equipped with aft cover plate, the aft cover plate heat-resisting material and outside equipped with heatproof in the gas outlet Material feeding.
Further, the cooling device is heat pipe type refrigerating mechanism, is set in the discharging bin.
The present invention has the advantage that as follows with good effect:
(1) cleanliness without any pollution is converted by this method and the integrating device by solid-state biomass raw material, no dust particle Fuel gas meets environmental requirement of the enterprise with energy equipment to raw material.
(2) during producing biogas, by temperature and oxygen content control, reach biomass material fuel gas and fill Division solution gasification;The fixed carbon in biomass is all carbonized by high-temperature heating simultaneously, and is cooled down by cooling device and be discharged, output The raw material that can be used for manufacturing mechanism wood carbon and active carbon improves the added value of biomass material.
(3) this method effectively improves the utilization rate of biomass material, by same biomass material, completes to generate high temperature Flue gas, the process for cleaning combustible gas and biomass fixed carbon;By two furnace organic integration of design, the heat of biomass is sufficiently improved Utilization rate.
(4) biomass material handled by this method and the integrating device is without tar, and no waste residue generates, comprehensive utilization ratio It is high.
(5) this method can realize enlargement, atmospheric operation and consecutive production.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method for the present invention flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is gasification furnace carbide furnace integrating device structural schematic diagram in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to further understand the content, features and effects of the present invention, hereby enumerating following embodiment, and cooperate attached drawing Detailed description are as follows.
Gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method of the invention is explained in detail below with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2: passing through gasification Furnace burns to biomass material;Obtained material after burning is separated by separator, can obtain high-temperature flue gas with it is not complete Full biomass burning;Extraction section high-temperature flue gas mixes with air to obtain fluidized wind;By material returning device by imperfect combustion biology Matter returns burns again in gasification furnace;By cyclone dust collectors to high temperature fume dust removal;High-temperature flue gas enters carbide furnace after dedusting Cracking gasification is inside carried out, high-temperature flue gas needs to carry out cracking gasification in carbide furnace in oxygen debt environment, obtains after cracking gasification Fixed carbon and combustion gas;Combustion gas is dusted by bag filter to obtain cleaning combustible gas;By cooling device to fixed carbon It is cooled down to obtain available fixed carbon.
Wherein, a kind of its corollary equipment of gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method includes gasification furnace carbide furnace integrating device, institute Gasification furnace carbide furnace integrating device is stated to be made of biomass carbonization furnace, biomass fluidization formula gasification furnace and flue.The life There is material conveyer on chain-plate type in substance fluidizing type gasification furnace stokehold, and fluidized bed apparatus for feeding is sealed screw(-type) feeder, outlet Configured with cyclone separator and material returning device.The furnace roof of fluidized bed type gasification furnace uses four pipe air-out apparatus, furnace body, cyclone separator And flue takes adiabatic heat-insulation structure.Fluid bed furnace bottom is followed again using gas recirculating fan and oxygenating blower, flue gas Ring fan outlet divides two-way, and a transportation work style enters as fluidized wind in fluidized bed, and a transportation work style enters the returning charge of cyclone dust collectors lower part Device, the power wind as material returning device.The outlet of the outlet access circulating fan of oxygenating blower, as burning oxygenating wind.Fluidized bed Gasification hearth lower part is positive pressure working condition, and top is tiny structure working condition;The biomass carbonization furnace charging uses napex Four pipe feeding inlet structures, feeding mechanism are sealing charging two-way valve;The high-temperature flue gas that is carbonized is drawn from fluidized bed furnace roof to be entered in furnace, Power is provided by combustion gas blower to draw.The furnace body that is carbonized uses fire resistant heat preserving heat insulating construction, and furnace outer wall temperature is no more than 50 DEG C.Carbonization Material enters deduster through dedusting by generating combustion gas and fixed carbon, combustion gas after the oxygen debt cracking of high temperature in furnace after being drawn by blower Afterwards, it introduces and is used using equipment, the cooling device that fixed carbon enters bottom enters spiral discharging machine, output biomass after cooling down Carbon.Carbide furnace is negative pressure working condition, is provided with four explosionproof water seals in furnace body.Furnace bottom is provided with discharging rotary fire grate, with Upper furnace body uses sealing structure for water, and lower part and discharge bucket use sealing structure for water, it is ensured that the outer air of furnace does not enter in furnace, guarantees simultaneously The rotating discharge requirement of discharging fire grate.Aft cover plate is provided in gas outlet, using heat-resisting material and outsourcing heatproof castable.
Embodiment: biomass material is subjected to completely burned in fluidized bed, generates high-temperature flue gas.Due to biomass material The low feature of ash fusion point needs effectively to control ignition temperature, while controlling the oxygen amount into furnace, to meet certain Fluidization wind rate And wind speed.Therefore flue gas recirculating technique is used, fluidized wind is used as after the high-temperature flue gas extraction section of outlet is mixed with air, While controlling oxygen amount, air quantity needed for meeting fluidisation.To solve the problems, such as to enter carbide furnace dust contained flue gas, in fluidized-bed gasification furnace Outlet increases a cyclone dust collectors and material returning device, and foldback enters furnace after imperfect combustion material is separated by cyclone separator Interior second-time burning, achievees the purpose that completely burned.Solve the problems, such as that high-temperature flue gas enters the heat loss in carbide furnace, all extractions Smoke pipe carry out adiabatic heat-insulation;Carbide furnace inner wall carries out castable refractory laying, and outer wall is kept the temperature using heat-preservation cotton, reduces heat Loss.High-temperature flue gas carries out cracking gasification to material in oxygen debt situation in carbide furnace, while generating fixed carbon;To guarantee furnace body Leakproofness, furnace body and rotation go out carbon fire grate use sealing structure for water;Charging is guaranteed external empty using the two-way valve system of sealing Gas not can enter in furnace.To prevent detonation, furnace body devises four explosionproof water seals, prevents carbide furnace production process abnormal conditions The possibility of generation accident.For the temperature requirement for meeting fixed carbon output mechanism, heat tube type cold is provided in carbon discharging bin in furnace But the temperature of discharge charcoal is effectively reduced in device, meets the requirement of requirement and next procedure of the equipment using temperature.Carbide furnace combustion gas After extraction, for the dust particle content for reducing gas, bag filter is provided with before air-introduced machine, after combustion gas is purified Combustion apparatus is introduced to use as fuel.
In summary: the present invention effectively improves the utilization rate of biomass material, by same biomass material, completes to produce Raw high-temperature flue gas, the process for cleaning combustible gas and biomass fixed carbon;By two furnace organic integration of design, biology is sufficiently improved The heat utilization efficiency of matter;And without tar, no waste residue is generated, and comprehensive utilization ratio is high, it can be achieved that enlargement, atmospheric operation and continuity Production.
The above is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any form, Any simple modification substantially made to the above embodiment of all methods according to the present invention, equivalent variations and modification, belong to In the range of the method for the present invention scheme.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
S1, setting gasification furnace, carbide furnace, separator, material returning device, cyclone dust collectors, bag filter and cooling device;
S2 burns to biomass material by gasification furnace;
S3 separates obtained material after burning by separator, can obtain high-temperature flue gas and imperfect combustion biomass;
S4, extraction section high-temperature flue gas mix with air to obtain fluidized wind;
Imperfect combustion biomass is returned in gasification furnace by material returning device and is burnt again by S5;
S6, by cyclone dust collectors to high temperature fume dust removal;
S7, high-temperature flue gas, which enters, after dedusting carries out cracking gasification in carbide furnace, obtains fixed carbon and combustion gas after cracking gasification;
Combustion gas is dusted to obtain cleaning combustible gas by bag filter by S8;
S9 cools down fixed carbon by cooling device to obtain available fixed carbon.
2. the low nitrogen processing method of biogas combustion tail gas according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step S7 is also The following steps are included:
The high-temperature flue gas needs to carry out cracking gasification in oxygen debt environment in carbide furnace.
3. a kind of gasification furnace carbide furnace integrating device for realizing gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method described in claim 1, special Sign is: the carbide furnace gasification furnace integrating device is by biomass fluidization formula gasification furnace, biomass carbonization furnace and flue group At;Material conveyer, sealed spiral are given on the biomass fluidization bed gasification furnace, including gasification furnace body, fluidized bed, chain-plate type Material machine, cyclone separator, material returning device, four pipe air-out apparatus, gas recirculating fan and oxygenating blower, the biomass carbonization furnace Including carbonization furnace body, four pipe feeding structures, combustion gas blower, bag filter, cooling device, gas outlet, air-introduced machine, rotate out of Carbon fire grate, discharging bin and discharge bucket.
4. biomass fluidization formula gasification furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the gasification furnace body, cyclonic separation Device and flue are set as adiabatic heat-insulation structure.
5. biomass fluidization formula gasification furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the gas recirculating fan is equipped with First outlet and second outlet, wherein the wind of first outlet, which enters, is used as fluidized wind in the fluidized bed, the wind of second outlet into The material returning device for entering the cyclone dust collectors lower part, as the power wind of the material returning device, the outlet of the oxygenating blower accesses institute Gas recirculating fan is stated, as burning oxygenating wind.
6. biomass fluidization formula gasification furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: in the fluidized bed type gasification furnace body Lower part is positive pressure working condition, and top is tiny structure working condition.
7. biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the carbonization furnace body is equipped with four explosion-proof water Envelope, the carbide furnace inner wall are equipped with castable refractory, and outer wall is equipped with heat-preservation cotton, and the feeding structure of the carbonization furnace body is sealing Two-way valve arrangement.
8. biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: described to rotate out of carbon fire grate top and the carbon Changing bottom of furnace body connection structure be the sealing structure for water sealed, described to rotate out of carbon fire grate lower part and connect knot with the discharge bucket top Structure is the sealing structure for water of sealing.
9. biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: be equipped with aft cover plate, institute in the gas outlet State aft cover plate heat-resisting material and external equipped with heatproof castable.
10. biomass carbonization furnace according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the cooling device is the cooling dress of heat pipe-type It sets, is set in the discharging bin.
CN201811366472.3A 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and integrating device Pending CN109233915A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811366472.3A CN109233915A (en) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and integrating device

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201811366472.3A CN109233915A (en) 2018-11-16 2018-11-16 Gasification of biomass carbonization treatment method and integrating device

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN109233915A true CN109233915A (en) 2019-01-18

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2723837Y (en) * 2004-07-26 2005-09-07 皇甫利 Biomass gasifying and carbonizing unit
CN102925239A (en) * 2012-11-01 2013-02-13 潍坊金丝达环境工程股份有限公司 Refuse derived fuel production system
CN103725328A (en) * 2014-01-03 2014-04-16 东南大学 Double-rapid fluidized bed gasification method and device for biomasses

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2723837Y (en) * 2004-07-26 2005-09-07 皇甫利 Biomass gasifying and carbonizing unit
CN102925239A (en) * 2012-11-01 2013-02-13 潍坊金丝达环境工程股份有限公司 Refuse derived fuel production system
CN103725328A (en) * 2014-01-03 2014-04-16 东南大学 Double-rapid fluidized bed gasification method and device for biomasses
CN103725328B (en) * 2014-01-03 2015-02-11 东南大学 Double-rapid fluidized bed gasification method and device for biomasses

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Application publication date: 20190118