CN109233468A - 涂料及其制作方法 - Google Patents

涂料及其制作方法 Download PDF

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CN109233468A
CN109233468A CN201710404022.8A CN201710404022A CN109233468A CN 109233468 A CN109233468 A CN 109233468A CN 201710404022 A CN201710404022 A CN 201710404022A CN 109233468 A CN109233468 A CN 109233468A
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巫玉淘
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Abstract

一种涂料，主要由以下不同重量百分比的组分所组成：水5至10％、硅溶胶5至20％、KH‑560硅烷偶联剂0.05至0.2％，以及石英粉20至60％。该涂料的制作方法包含：将水、硅溶胶及KH‑560硅烷偶联剂混合调和成一分解剂；将润湿剂、酞白粉、改性膨润土、石英粉及苯丙乳液或纯丙乳液添加于该分解剂中，混合成一混合制剂；将羧甲基纤维素、缔合剂、防霉剂及除臭剂加入该混合制剂，形成一增稠混合制剂；将消泡剂加入该增稠混合制剂，形成该涂料。该石英涂料能有效提升居住环境，亦具有良好的遮盖效果。

Description

涂料及其制作方法
技术领域
本发明是与涂料及其制作方法有关；特别是指一种环保水性石英涂料的成分，及制作该涂料的步骤。
背景技术
传统的内外墙乳胶涂料大多含有对人体有害的物质，例如甲醛。甲醛虽然可作为防腐剂，并具有增加胶合力和抑制虫卵的功效，但目前已被世界卫生组织确定为致癌和致畸形物质。此外，建筑涂料中的甲醛，释放期长达3至15年，对人体健康的影响极巨，主要表现在嗅觉异常、过敏、肺功能异常、肝功能异常，和免疫功能异常等。
是以，近年来，不含甲醛的涂料甚至除甲醛涂料渐渐取代传统的乳胶涂料。然而，如何制造出一种能提升居住环境，同时又具有良好遮盖效果的涂料，是目前各涂料业者的研究发展趋势。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的在于提供一种环保水性石英涂料及其制作方法，不仅不含有害物质，且具有良好遮盖效果。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供的涂料主要由以下成分所组成：水5至10％、硅溶胶5至20％、KH-560硅烷偶联剂0.05至0.2％，以及石英粉20至60％；其中，上述百分比皆为重量百分比。
本发明另提供该涂料的制作方法包括有以下步骤：
A、将水、硅溶胶及KH-560硅烷偶联剂置入一搅拌设备中，混合后调和成一分解剂；
B、将润湿剂、酞白粉、改性膨润土及石英粉加入该搅拌设备，再加入苯丙乳液或纯丙乳液于该搅拌设备中，与该分解剂混合成一混合制剂；
C、将羧甲基纤维素、缔合剂、防霉剂及除臭剂加入该搅拌设备中，与该混合制剂混合，以进行黏稠度调和，并形成一增稠混合制剂；以及
D、将消泡剂加入该搅拌设备中，与该增稠混合制剂混合，以消除该增稠混合制剂中的泡沫，形成该涂料。
本发明的效果在于，借由该涂料的各成分的比例及其制作方法制作出的石英涂料，不仅能有效提升居住环境，亦同时具有良好的遮盖效果，此外，在高温与低温的环境下皆不会产生龟裂。且其制作工艺简单，易于工业化生产。
附图说明
图1是本发明一较佳实施例石英涂料的制作方法流程图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚明白，以下结合具体实施例，并参照附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明。
为能更清楚地说明本发明，现举一较佳实施例并配合流程图及图表详细说明如后。首先，本发明涂料的组分及各组分的重量百分比如下表一所示。
表一、涂料的组分及各组分的重量百分比
组分 重量百分比(％)
水 5-20％
硅溶胶 5-20％
KH-560硅烷偶联剂 0.05-0.2％
润湿剂 1-3％
酞白粉 1-5％
改性膨润土 0.1-5％
石英粉 20-60％
苯丙乳液(纯丙乳液) 10-30％
羧甲基纤维素 0.01-0.5％
缔合剂 0.1-1％
防霉剂 0.1-0.5％
除臭剂 0.1-0.6％
消泡剂 0.1-0.5％
此外，各该组分以上述重量百分比存在该涂料中，所能达成的效果如下：
水
作为水性涂料的溶剂，当其重量百分比为5至20％时，将能使该涂料形成最适当的黏稠度，以利于施工及生产。
硅溶胶
具有一定量成膜及溶解的特性，其耐水性能及耐热性能明显优于有机涂料。当其重量百分比为5至20％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而造成涂料龟裂或起泡。
KH-560硅烷偶联剂
其一端所携带的有机官能团-R’对于高分子聚合物具有良好的亲和性，故能牢固地覆盖在石英粉颗粒或二氧化硅颗粒表面，形成具有反应活性的包覆膜。当其重量百分比为0.05至0.2％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而造成涂料龟裂或起泡。
润湿剂
用以降低涂料的表面张力，增加底材的润湿性，进而改善涂料的接着性及展色性。当其重量百分比为1至3％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料表面呈现例如鱼眼的不良现象。
酞白粉
提高涂料遮盖效果。当其重量百分比为1至5％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料于生产过程中造成糊状，而使成本增加。
改性膨润土
有效解决石英沉淀问题。当其重量百分比为0.1至5％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料于生产过程中造成糊状。
石英粉
一种填充粉料，可以达到提升涂料耐磨及耐酸碱腐蚀的效果。当其重量百分比为20至60％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料硬化或产生硬块，以致涂料在墙面上形成龟裂。
苯丙乳液
具有极佳的附着力，胶膜透明，亦具有良好的耐水、耐油、耐热及耐老化性能。当其重量百分比为10至30％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而增加成本。
纯丙乳液
具有极佳的耐老化性能，亦具有良好的耐水、耐油、耐热及耐老化性能。当其重量百分比为10至30％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而增加成本。
羧甲基纤维素
具有增稠、成膜、黏接、水分保持、胶体保护、乳化及悬浮等作用。当其重量百分比为0.01至0.5％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料的黏稠度增加，不易于施工。
缔合剂
提供涂料出色的高剪切黏度，且具有优异的流动性及流平性。其流变特性接近于牛顿型流体，特别适用于对流平性及黏稠度要求高的水性涂料。当其重量百分比为0.1至1％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料的黏稠度增加，不易于施工。
防霉剂
对霉菌具有杀灭或抑制的作用，可防止涂料霉变。当其重量百分比为0.1至0.5％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料产生刺鼻的味道。
除臭剂
避免储存时间过长所造成的水分发臭。当其重量百分比为0.1至0.6％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料产生刺鼻的味道。
消泡剂
具有表面张力小、表面活性高及消泡力强的特性；尤其在常温下，消泡速度快，而能达到较好的抑泡效果。当其重量百分比为0.1至0.5％时，即足以显现出其功能，且不会因比例过高而使涂料表面产生针眼的现象。
本发明一较佳实施例的石英涂料的组分及各组分的重量百分比如下表二所示。在本实施例中，溶剂水为纯净水、蒸馏水或无杂质的自来水；此外，硅溶胶与KH-560硅烷偶联剂的重量比为100：1。
表二、石英涂料的组分及各组分的重量百分比
组分 重量百分比(％)
水 16.7％
硅溶胶 5％
KH-560硅烷偶联剂 0.05％
润湿剂 2.27％
酞白粉 2.27％
改性膨润土 0.15％
细度400目至2500目的石英粉 57.32％
苯丙乳液(纯丙乳液) 14.55％
羧甲基纤维素 0.03％
缔合剂 0.98％
防霉剂 0.3％
除臭剂 0.56％
消泡剂 0.14％
该石英涂料中的硅溶胶及KH-560硅烷偶联剂的各自的重量百分比及该两者的相对比率，对于其特性极为关键；其中，两者相对的重量比100：1能使石英粉均匀的分散于该涂料中，若石英粉无法均匀分散将使得涂料于墙面上形成龟裂。本实施例的石英粉的细度介于400目与2500目之间，然而于其他实施例中，石英粉的细度并不以此为限。此外，以斯托默黏度计测量其黏度，可测得其KU值介于70和80之间。
此外，本发明涂料的制作方法如图1所示，依序包括有以下A至D步骤。
A、将水、硅溶胶及KH-560硅烷偶联剂，依上表二的重量百分比，依序置入一搅拌设备中，并以每分钟介于40及60转之间的搅拌速度，搅拌25至35分钟后，调和成一分解剂。
于制作前述较佳实施例石英涂料的过程中，此步骤是以每分钟50转为最佳搅拌速度，而以30分钟为最佳搅拌时间。此外，硅溶胶及KH-560硅烷偶联剂的倒入顺序并无限制，亦即，先倒入KH-560硅烷偶联剂再倒入硅溶胶并不会影响该石英涂料的形成。
B、将润湿剂、酞白粉、改性膨润土、石英粉及苯丙乳液，依上表二的重量百分比，依序加入该搅拌设备中，并以每分钟介于1090及1100转之间的搅拌速度，搅拌15至25分钟后，与该分解剂混合成一混合制剂；其中，该苯丙乳液可由纯丙乳液代替。
于制作前述较佳实施例石英涂料的过程中，此步骤是以每分钟1100转为最佳搅拌速度，而以20分钟为最佳搅拌时间。此外，由于润湿剂、酞白粉及改性膨润土所占涂料的重量百分比低，故其倒入顺序并无限制，换言之，于其他实施例中，此步骤以可置换的顺序倒入润湿剂、酞白粉及改性膨润土后，再依序加入石英粉及苯丙乳液(或纯丙乳液)，即可使涂料均匀成型，并使各组分能有效地发挥其功能。
C、将羧甲基纤维素、缔合剂、防霉剂及除臭剂，依上表二的重量百分比，依序加入该搅拌设备中，并以每分钟介于890及910转之间的搅拌速度，与该混合制剂混合搅拌15至25分钟，以进行黏稠度调和，并形成一增稠混合制剂。
于制作前述较佳实施例石英涂料的过程中，此步骤是以每分钟900转为最佳搅拌速度，而以20分钟为最佳搅拌时间。此外，于其他实施例中，此步骤中各组分的倒入顺序并无限制。
D、将消泡剂依上表二的重量百分比加入该搅拌设备中，并以每分钟介于290及310转之间的搅拌速度，与该增稠混合制剂混合搅拌85至95分钟，以消除该增稠混合制剂中的泡沫，最终取得该石英涂料。
于制作前述较佳实施例石英涂料的过程中，此步骤是以每分钟300转为最佳搅拌速度，而以90分钟为最佳搅拌时间。
此外，进行步骤D时，同时以斯托默黏度计测量该石英涂料的黏度，可测得其最终黏度KU值介于70和80之间。另外一提，上述制作方法中所使用的搅拌设备在实务上为搅拌机、搅拌桶或密炼机。
综上所述，本发明环保水性涂料采用水性制作法，其制作工艺简单，易于工业化生产。此外，该石英涂料的特色在于，属环保水性涂料，不仅具有良好的遮盖效果，在高温与低温的环境下皆不会产生龟裂，且不含有毒物质，施工后三天内即不残留刺鼻的味道，能兼顾居住质量。
以上所述的具体实施例，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，应理解的是，以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (11)

1.一种涂料，主要由以下组分所组成：
水5至20％、硅溶胶5至20％、KH-560硅烷偶联剂0.05至0.2％，以及石英粉20至60％；
其中，上述百分比皆为重量百分比。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其中硅溶胶与KH-560硅烷偶联剂的重量比为100：1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的涂料，其中硅溶胶的重量百分比为5％，而KH-560硅烷偶联剂的重量百分比为0.05％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，更包含以下组分：
润湿剂1至3％、酞白粉1至5％、改性膨润土0.1至5％、苯丙乳液或纯丙乳液10至30％、羧甲基纤维素0.01至0.5％、缔合剂0.1至1％、防霉剂0.1至0.5％、除臭剂0.1至0.6％，以及消泡剂0.1至0.5％；
其中，上述百分比皆为重量百分比。
5.根据权利要求1所述的涂料，其黏度KU值介于70和80之间。
6.一种涂料的制作方法，包含以下步骤：
A、将水、硅溶胶及KH-560硅烷偶联剂置入一搅拌设备中，混合后调和成一分解剂；
B、将润湿剂、酞白粉、改性膨润土及石英粉加入该搅拌设备，再加入苯丙乳液或纯丙乳液于该搅拌设备中，与该分解剂混合成一混合制剂；
C、将羧甲基纤维素、缔合剂、防霉剂及除臭剂加入该搅拌设备中，与该混合制剂混合，以进行黏稠度调和，并形成一增稠混合制剂；以及
D、将消泡剂加入该搅拌设备中，与该增稠混合制剂混合，以消除该增稠混合制剂中的泡沫，形成该涂料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制作方法，其中步骤B是先将润湿剂、酞白粉及改性膨润土加入该搅拌设备，再加入石英粉。
8.根据权利要求6所述的制作方法，其中步骤A进行混合的搅拌速度介于每分钟40及60转之间，且搅拌时间为25至35分钟。
9.根据权利要求6所述的制作方法，其中步骤B进行混合的搅拌速度介于每分钟1090及1110转之间，且搅拌时间为15至25分钟。
10.根据权利要求6所述的制作方法，其中步骤C进行混合的搅拌速度介于每分钟890及910转之间，且搅拌时间为15至25分钟。
11.根据权利要求6所述的制作方法，其中步骤D进行混合的搅拌速度介于每分钟290及310转之间，且搅拌时间为85至95分钟。
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