CN109233320B - Preparation method of plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on surface - Google Patents

Preparation method of plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on surface Download PDF

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CN109233320B
CN109233320B CN201811144958.2A CN201811144958A CN109233320B CN 109233320 B CN109233320 B CN 109233320B CN 201811144958 A CN201811144958 A CN 201811144958A CN 109233320 B CN109233320 B CN 109233320B
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fiber cloth
plant fiber
nano clay
organic nano
composite material
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CN109233320A (en
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咸贵军
王安妮
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2401/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2401/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/346—Clay

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Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of a plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface, and relates to a preparation method of a composite material. The invention aims to solve the problems of low mechanical property and poor moisture and heat resistance of the plant fiber composite material. The plant fiber cloth is firstly washed by distilled water and alkali solution, then is subjected to ultrasonic treatment in the prepared silane coupling agent-organic nano clay suspension, and is then compounded with resin. The invention improves the mechanical property of the plant fiber composite material and simultaneously improves the humidity resistance and the heat resistance of the plant fiber composite material.

Description

Preparation method of plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on surface
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a composite material, in particular to modification of plant fiber cloth and preparation of the composite material.
Background
The plant fiber reinforced composite material has the advantages of short production period, wide source, low price, biodegradability, high specific strength/modulus and the like, and the application and development of the environment-friendly plant fiber reinforced composite material become a research hotspot aiming at the problems that the traditional fiber reinforced composite material consumes a large amount of resources, seriously influences the sustainable development of human beings and the like. However, compared with the traditional fiber, the plant fiber composite material has the problems of lower mechanical property, poorer humidity resistance and the like, and the application of the plant fiber composite material is restricted.
The mechanical properties and the wet and heat resistance of the plant fiber composite material can be improved by the surface modification method of the plant fiber, wherein the chemical treatment is considered to be one of the most effective methods. In recent years, researches show that the mechanical property of the plant fiber composite material can be improved by improving the interface bonding property of the plant fiber and the resin matrix through the nano particle grafting. However, a large number of hydroxyl groups on the surface of the plant fiber and special cell cavities in the plant fiber structure exist, so that the humidity resistance and heat resistance of the plant fiber composite material are poor, and the problem of poor humidity resistance and heat resistance of the plant fiber composite material cannot be solved by the conventional method for grafting the plant fiber by the nanoparticles.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of lower mechanical property and poor humidity resistance of the plant fiber composite material, the preparation method of the plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay is provided, so that the mechanical property and the humidity resistance of the plant fiber composite material are improved, and the requirement of the high-performance plant fiber composite material is met.
The preparation method of the plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay provided by the invention is carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, washing with water: immersing the plant fiber cloth into distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning;
II, alkali treatment:
placing the plant fiber cleaned in the step one in NaOH aqueous solution for ultrasonic treatment;
secondly, taking out the plant fiber cloth processed in the second step, and then putting the plant fiber cloth in distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning;
taking out the plant fiber cloth to detect the pH value of the surface, and repeating the process of the second step until the pH value of the surface of the fiber cloth is 6.5-7 to obtain the plant fiber cloth treated by the alkali solution;
thirdly, treating with a coupling agent:
placing the plant fiber treated by the aqueous alkali obtained in the step two in a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, a silane coupling agent and distilled water for ultrasonic treatment;
and secondly, taking out the plant fiber cloth processed in the third step, and then putting the plant fiber cloth in distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning.
Fourthly, grafting organic nano clay on the surface of the fiber cloth: preparing an absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution, adding organic nano clay into the mixed solution under the condition of stirring, and uniformly stirring and mixing; and (3) carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a suspension, placing the plant fiber cloth obtained after the treatment in the third step into the suspension for soaking treatment, then placing the plant fiber cloth into distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning, and then taking out and drying the plant fiber cloth to obtain the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay.
Fifthly, preparing the composite material: and D, preparing the resin and the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay prepared in the step four into the plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay by adopting a vacuum auxiliary injection molding method.
Preferably, the temperature of the distilled water in the first step is 25-90 ℃, the ultrasonic cleaning time is 0.5-120 min, and the power of the ultrasonic wave is 200-1500W.
Preferably, the concentration of the NaOH aqueous solution in the second step is 0.5-10% of the mass fraction of NaOH, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 200-1500W, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 0.5-30 min; secondly, the temperature of the distilled water is 25-90 ℃, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 200-1500W, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 0.5-10 min.
Preferably, in the mixed solution of the absolute ethyl alcohol, the silane coupling agent and the distilled water in the third step, the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the silane coupling agent to the distilled water is (25-45): (4-20): (1-5); and in the ultrasonic treatment, the power of ultrasonic waves is 200W-1500W, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 0.5min-30 min.
Preferably, the temperature of the distilled water in the third step is 25-90 ℃, the power of the ultrasonic wave is 200-1500W, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 0.5-10 min.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the distilled water in the absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution in the step four is (40-80): (20-40); the stirring condition is that the rotating speed is 100rpm-800 rpm; uniformly mixing the materials by stirring, wherein the stirring speed is 1500-3000 rpm, and the stirring time is 15 min; performing ultrasonic dispersion, wherein the ultrasonic power is 200W-1500W, and the ultrasonic dispersion time is 0.25h-3 h; the soaking treatment is carried out for 0.5min-30 min; placing the mixture in distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning, wherein the ultrasonic power is 200-1500W, and the cleaning time is 0.5-15 min; the drying is carried out at the temperature of 60-120 ℃ for 5-120 min; the mass of the organic nano clay is 0.1-5% of the mass of the absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution; the ratio of the mass of the organic nano clay to the area of the plant fiber cloth is (1-50): (0.1-1) (g/m)2)。
Preferably, the plant fiber cloth in the first step is woven by one or two or three of flax fibers, ramie fibers or sisal fibers, and the areal density is 50g/m2-500g/m2。
Preferably, the silane coupling agent described in step three is KH550, chemical name 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane.
Preferably, the organic nano clay in the fourth step is obtained by modifying organic amine containing hydroxyl, and the interlayer distance of the organic nano clay is 2.0nm-3.5 nm.
Advantageous effects
The invention provides an efficient and simple treatment method for grafting organic nano clay on the surface of plant fiber cloth, which can effectively improve the mechanical property of a plant fiber composite material and improve the humidity resistance, and is beneficial to realizing high performance of the plant fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material.
The invention cleans low molecular weight substances on the surface of the plant fiber by water washing and ultrasonic action of aqueous alkali, and increases the roughness of the surface of the fiber; preparing a coupling agent and an organic nano clay suspension, and enabling the organic nano clay to freely settle on the surface of the plant fiber.
The three-point bending strength of the plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay prepared by the test is tested to be 128.0MPa-140MPa according to the international standard ASTM D790-03.
The saturated water absorption of the plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nanoclay prepared in the test was tested to be 3% -4% according to the international standard astm d 5229-2014.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a plant fiber cloth with surface grafted organic nanoclay prepared in step four of example 3;
fig. 2 is a wetting angle measurement diagram of the conventional plant fiber cloth and the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nanoclay prepared in the first and fourth steps of example 3. (a) Part is a wetting angle test of the conventional flax fiber cloth and water, and part is a wetting angle test of the flax fiber cloth with organic nano clay grafted on the surface and the water.
Detailed Description
The invention was verified with the following tests:
example 1
A preparation method of a flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, washing with water: ultrasonically cleaning flax fiber cloth for 30 minutes in distilled water at the temperature of 25 ℃; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 200W;
II, alkali treatment:
firstly, placing the flax fibers cleaned in the step one in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 1% and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes at 200W;
secondly, taking out the flax fiber cloth processed in the first step, and then putting the flax fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 200W ultrasonic cleaning for 10 min;
thirdly, repeating the process of the second step till the pH value of the cleaning solution is 6.5-7 to obtain the linen fiber cloth treated by the alkali solution;
thirdly, treatment with a coupling agent
Firstly, placing the flax fibers cleaned in the second step in a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, a silane coupling agent and distilled water, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes at 200W;
secondly, taking out the flax fiber cloth processed in the third step, and then putting the flax fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 200W ultrasonic cleaning for 0.5 minute;
the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the silane coupling agent to the distilled water in the mixed solution is 40:4:1
Fourthly, grafting organic nano clay on the surface of the fiber cloth: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water to obtain a water-ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution, then adding the organic nano clay under the stirring condition that the rotating speed is 100 revolutions per minute, and stirring for 15 minutes under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 1500 revolutions per minute; and then dispersing the flax fibers in ultrasonic waves with the power of 200W for 15 minutes, placing the flax fibers in the suspension for soaking treatment for 15 minutes, then placing the flax fibers in distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning, wherein the temperature of the distilled water is 25 ℃, the ultrasonic power is 200W, and the cleaning time is 0.5min, and then drying the flax fiber cloth for 120min at the temperature of 85 ℃ to obtain the flax fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay.
The mass of the organic nano clay is 1 percent of that of the mixed liquid of the water ethanol and the distilled water.
The ratio of the mass of the organic nanoclay to the area of the plant fiber cloth is 72g/m2。
Fifthly, preparing the composite material: the resin and the plant fiber of the surface grafting organic nanometer clay prepared in the step fourThe cloth is prepared into the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay by adopting a vacuum auxiliary injection molding method. The ratio of the mass of the resin to the area of the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay is 12:13g/m2The vacuum assisted injection molding has the specific parameters of vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa and normal temperature.
The silane coupling agent in the third step is KH 550;
the organic nano clay in the step four is hydroxyl-containing organic ammonium modified high-purity organic nano clay, the interlayer spacing is 2.0nm-3.5nm, and the organic nano clay is purchased from Zhejiang Fenghong new material GmbH;
the resin in the step five is normal temperature impregnating adhesive (TS) which is purchased from Shandong Dagong composite material Co.
According to international standard ASTM D2344, testing the latitudinal three-point bending strength of the conventional flax fiber/resin composite material which is not treated by the test method (directly performing the fifth step, and replacing flax fiber cloth with organic nano clay grafted on the surface in the fifth step with common flax fiber cloth) to be 71.0MPa, wherein the latitudinal three-point bending strength of the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface prepared by the test is 75.5MPa, which is improved by 21%;
example 2
A preparation method of a flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, washing with water: ultrasonically cleaning flax fiber cloth for 30 minutes in distilled water at the temperature of 20 ℃; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 200W;
II, alkali treatment:
firstly, placing the flax fibers cleaned in the first step in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 2% for 700W ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes;
secondly, taking out the flax fiber cloth processed in the first step, and then putting the flax fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 700W ultrasonic cleaning for 5 min;
thirdly, repeating the process of the second step till the pH value of the cleaning solution is 6.5-7 to obtain the linen fiber cloth treated by the alkali solution;
thirdly, treatment with a coupling agent
Firstly, placing the flax fibers cleaned in the second step in a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, a silane coupling agent and distilled water for 700W ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes;
secondly, taking out the flax fiber cloth processed in the third step, and then putting the flax fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 700W ultrasonic cleaning for 10 minutes;
the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the silane coupling agent to the distilled water in the mixed solution is 25:20:1 in sequence
Fourthly, grafting organic nano clay on the surface of the fiber cloth: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water to obtain an absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution, then adding organic nano clay under the stirring condition that the rotating speed is 800 revolutions per minute, and stirring for 15 minutes under the stirring condition that the stirring speed is 3000 revolutions per minute; then, dispersing the flax fibers in ultrasonic waves with the power of 700W for 1 hour, placing the flax fibers in the suspension for soaking treatment for 15 minutes, and then placing the flax fibers in distilled water with the temperature of 25 ℃ for ultrasonic cleaning for 5min at 200W; and then drying the plant fiber cloth for 60min at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain the flax fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay.
The mass of the organic nano clay is 0.7 percent of the mass of the absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution. The ratio of the mass of the organic nanoclay to the area of the plant fiber cloth was 38.8g/m2。
Fifthly, preparing the composite material: and D, preparing the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with the organic nanoclay on the surface by adopting a vacuum-assisted injection molding method for the resin and the flax fiber cloth with the carbon nanotubes grafted on the surface prepared in the step four. The ratio of the mass of the resin to the area of the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay is 12:13g/m2The vacuum assisted injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as in example 1.
The silane coupling agent in the third step is KH 550;
the organic nano clay in the step four is hydroxyl-containing organic ammonium modified high-purity organic nano clay, the interlayer spacing is 2.0nm-3.5nm, and the organic nano clay is purchased from Zhejiang Fenghong new material GmbH;
the resin in the step five is normal temperature impregnating adhesive (TS) which is purchased from Shandong Dagong composite material Co.
According to international standard ASTM D2344, the three-point bending strength of the conventional flax fiber/resin composite material (which is prepared by directly carrying out the fifth step and replacing flax fiber cloth with organic nano clay grafted on the surface of the fifth step by common flax fiber cloth) which is not treated by the test method is tested to be 116.0MPa, and the weft three-point bending strength of the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface of the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material prepared by the test is 131.5MPa, which is improved by 13.36%;
example 3
A preparation method of a flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface is specifically carried out according to the following steps:
firstly, washing with water: ultrasonically cleaning flax fiber cloth for 30 minutes in distilled water at the temperature of 20 ℃; the power of the ultrasonic wave is 200W;
II, alkali treatment:
firstly, placing the flax fibers cleaned in the first step in a NaOH aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 3% for 1500W ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes;
secondly, taking out the flax fiber cloth processed in the first step, and then putting the flax fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 1500W ultrasonic cleaning for 0.5 min;
thirdly, repeating the process of the second step till the pH value of the cleaning solution is 6.5-7 to obtain the linen fiber cloth treated by the alkali solution;
thirdly, treatment with a coupling agent
Placing the flax fibers cleaned in the second step in a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, a silane coupling agent and distilled water for 1500W ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes;
secondly, taking out the flax fiber cloth processed in the third step, and then putting the flax fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 200W ultrasonic cleaning for 10 minutes;
the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the silane coupling agent to the distilled water in the mixed solution is 40:4:1 in sequence
Fourthly, grafting organic nano clay on the surface of the fiber cloth: uniformly mixing absolute ethyl alcohol and distilled water to prepare an absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution, then adding the organic nano clay under the stirring condition of the rotating speed of 500 revolutions per minute, and stirring for 15 minutes under the stirring condition of the stirring speed of 2200 revolutions per minute; then, dispersing the flax fibers in ultrasonic waves with power of 1500W for 1 hour, placing the flax fibers in the suspension for soaking treatment for 15 minutes, and then placing the flax fibers in distilled water with the temperature of 25 ℃ for ultrasonic cleaning for 5min at 200W; and then drying the plant fiber cloth for 60min at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain the flax fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay.
The mass of the organic nano clay is 1.3 percent of the mass of the absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution. The ratio of the mass of the organic nanoclay to the area of the plant fiber cloth was 51.6g/m2。
Fifthly, preparing the composite material: and D, preparing the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with the organic nanoclay on the surface by adopting a vacuum-assisted injection molding method for the resin and the plant fiber cloth with the carbon nanotubes grafted on the surface prepared in the step four. The ratio of the mass of the resin to the area of the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay is 12:13g/m2The vacuum assisted injection molding was carried out under the same conditions as in example 1.
The silane coupling agent in the third step is KH 550;
the organic nano clay in the step four is hydroxyl-containing organic ammonium modified high-purity organic nano clay, the interlayer spacing is 2.0nm-3.5nm, and the organic nano clay is purchased from Zhejiang Fenghong new material GmbH;
the resin in the step five is normal temperature impregnating adhesive (TS) which is purchased from Shandong Dagong composite material Co.
According to international standard ASTM D2344, the three-point bending strength of the conventional flax fiber/resin composite material (which is prepared by directly carrying out the fifth step and replacing flax fiber cloth with organic nano clay grafted on the surface of the fifth step by common flax fiber cloth) which is not treated by the test method is tested to be 116.0MPa, and the weft three-point bending strength of the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface of the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material prepared by the test is 140MPa, which is improved by 20.7%;
according to international standard ASTM D5229-2014, the saturated water absorption of the conventional flax fiber/resin composite material which is not treated by the test method is tested to be 5.7%, and the saturated water absorption of the flax fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay prepared by the test is 3.7%, which is reduced by 35.1%;
fig. 1 is an SEM image of the flax fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nanoclay prepared in step four of this example, and it can be seen that the organic nanoclay is attached to the fiber surface and well grafted on the fiber surface.
Fig. 2 is a wetting angle test of the conventional linen fiber cloth and the linen fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nanoclay prepared in the first and fourth steps of this example, wherein (a) part is the wetting angle test of the conventional linen fiber cloth with water, and (b) part is the wetting angle test of the linen fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nanoclay with water, it can be seen that the fiber surface is changed from a hydrophilic property to a hydrophobic property after the organic nanoclay is attached to the fiber surface.

Claims (3)

1. A preparation method of a plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with organic nano clay grafted on the surface is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following steps:
firstly, washing with water: immersing the plant fiber cloth into distilled water for ultrasonic cleaning;
II, alkali treatment:
placing the plant fiber cleaned in the first step in a 3% NaOH aqueous solution for 1500W ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes;
secondly, taking out the plant fiber cloth processed in the second step, and then putting the plant fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 1500W ultrasonic cleaning for 0.5 minute;
taking out the plant fiber cloth to detect the pH value of the surface, and repeating the process of the second step until the pH value of the surface of the fiber cloth is 6.5-7 to obtain the plant fiber cloth treated by the alkali solution;
thirdly, treating with a coupling agent:
placing the plant fiber treated by the aqueous alkali obtained in the step two in a mixed solution of absolute ethyl alcohol, a silane coupling agent and distilled water for 1500W ultrasonic treatment for 15 minutes;
secondly, taking out the plant fiber cloth processed in the third step, and then putting the plant fiber cloth in distilled water at the temperature of 30 ℃ for 200W ultrasonic cleaning for 10 minutes;
the mass ratio of the absolute ethyl alcohol to the silane coupling agent to the distilled water in the mixed solution is 40:4: 1;
the organic nano clay is obtained by modifying organic amine containing hydroxyl, and the interlayer spacing is 2.0nm-3.5 nm;
fourthly, grafting organic nano clay on the surface of the fiber cloth:
preparing an absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution, adding organic nano clay into the mixed solution under the stirring condition of the rotating speed of 500 revolutions per minute, and stirring for 15 minutes under the stirring speed of 2200 revolutions per minute; dispersing for 1 hour in ultrasonic waves with power of 1500W to obtain suspension, placing the plant fiber cloth obtained after the treatment in the third step into the suspension for soaking for 15 minutes, then placing the plant fiber cloth into distilled water with the temperature of 25 ℃ for ultrasonic cleaning for 5 minutes at 200W, then taking the plant fiber cloth out, and drying for 60 minutes at the temperature of 120 ℃ to obtain the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay;
the mass of the organic nano clay is 1.3 percent of the mass of the absolute ethyl alcohol/distilled water mixed solution;
the ratio of the mass of the organic nanoclay to the area of the plant fiber cloth was 51.6g/m2；
Fifthly, preparing the composite material: preparing the resin and the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay prepared in the step four into the plant fiber cloth/resin composite material with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay by adopting a vacuum auxiliary injection molding method;
the ratio of the mass of the resin to the area of the plant fiber cloth with the surface grafted with the organic nano clay is 12:13g/m2；
The vacuum assisted injection molding has the specific parameters of vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa and normal temperature.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the plant fiber cloth in the first step is woven by one or two or three of flax fibers, ramie fibers or sisal fibers, and the surface density is 50g/m2-500g/m2。
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the silane coupling agent in the third step is KH550 with the chemical name of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane.
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CN1062211C (en) * 1997-06-12 2001-02-21 中山大学 Preparation method of sisal fibre-resin base composite material
US7232605B2 (en) * 2003-07-17 2007-06-19 Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University Hybrid natural-fiber composites with cellular skeletal structures
CN103786350B (en) * 2014-01-02 2019-04-23 长春博超汽车零部件股份有限公司 A kind of flaxen fiber machinery of low VOC, nanometer, chemically combined preparation method
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