CN109227138B - Numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a machine tool body, wherein a spindle box is arranged at the left end part of the machine tool body, a tailstock guide rail is arranged at the front part of the machine tool body, a transverse slide plate guide rail is arranged at the rear part of the machine tool body, a tailstock part is arranged on the tailstock guide rail, the tailstock part comprises a tailstock base plate, a tailstock body and a tailstock hydraulic cylinder, and a tailstock center is arranged at one end of the tailstock hydraulic cylinder; the transverse slide rail is obliquely provided with a transverse slide, two sides of the upper part of the transverse slide are respectively provided with a dovetail sliding table and a longitudinal slide support, the upper part of the longitudinal slide support is provided with a first longitudinal slide, the upper part of the dovetail sliding table is provided with a second longitudinal slide, the upper part of the first longitudinal slide is provided with a machine tool rest, and the upper part of the second longitudinal slide is provided with a milling or grinding device. The invention can realize the processing of a machine tool for completing multiple working procedures, solves the problems of difficult correction of processing precision and time and energy waste of operators caused by repeated clamping and repeated alignment of the same workpiece, and improves the processing efficiency.

Description

Numerical control machine tool

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a numerical control machining machine tool capable of simultaneously realizing multiple machining functions such as turning, milling, grinding and the like.

Background

In domestic machining, particularly in machining of a screw (screw) or a ball screw, a lathe rough machining, a lathe semi-finishing, and a thread grinder finishing are generally used. The advanced process is to use common turning to rough machine and finish the surface, then to machine the spiral rollaway nest by whirlwind milling and finish the spiral rollaway nest by a thread grinder, so as to ensure the precision and the finish requirements of the screw rod.

The disadvantages of these processing modes are as follows: (1) Repeated clamping operation is required to be carried out on workpieces on different machine tools, clamping errors caused by repeated clamping among the different machine tools cannot be eliminated, and machining precision is difficult to ensure; (2) The repeated alignment and the moving work of the workpiece in the repeated clamping process are time-consuming and labor-consuming, the operation process of machine tool operators is increased, and the time and energy are wasted.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides a multifunctional high-efficiency numerical control processing machine tool, which can realize the processing of a machine tool for completing a plurality of working procedures, solve the problems of difficult correction of processing precision and time and energy waste of operators caused by repeated clamping and repeated alignment of the same workpiece, improve the processing efficiency and achieve the purposes of improving efficiency and increasing yield.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a numerical control machine tool, characterized in that: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body, wherein a spindle box is arranged at the left end part of the machine tool body, tailstock guide rails with the same cross section height are arranged at the front part of the machine tool body along the length direction of the machine tool body, transverse slide plate guide rails with the lower front part and the higher rear part are arranged at the rear part of the machine tool body, the tailstock guide rails are parallel to the transverse slide plate guide rails, a numerical control operation table is arranged at the front side of the machine tool body, a tailstock part capable of adjusting the position along the tailstock guide rails is arranged on the tailstock guide rails, the tailstock part comprises a tailstock base plate, a tailstock body and a tailstock hydraulic cylinder, the tailstock body is arranged on the upper part of the tailstock base plate, one end, close to the tailstock hydraulic cylinder of the spindle box, of the tailstock hydraulic cylinder is provided with a tailstock center, and the tailstock base plate is arranged on the upper part of the tailstock guide rails; the automatic milling machine is characterized in that a transverse slide plate is obliquely arranged on the transverse slide plate guide rail, a transverse slide plate driving mechanism capable of driving the transverse slide plate to slide along the transverse slide plate guide rail is arranged on the transverse slide plate guide rail, a dovetail slide table and a longitudinal slide plate support are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper portion of the transverse slide plate, the dovetail slide table and the transverse slide plate are integrally formed, a first longitudinal slide plate is arranged on the upper portion of the longitudinal slide plate support, a second longitudinal slide plate is arranged on the upper portion of the dovetail slide table, a first longitudinal slide plate driving mechanism capable of driving the first longitudinal slide plate to slide along the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal slide plate support is arranged on the longitudinal slide plate support, a second longitudinal slide plate driving mechanism capable of driving the second longitudinal slide plate to slide along the longitudinal direction of the dovetail slide plate is arranged on the dovetail slide table, and a machine tool rest is arranged on the upper portion of the first longitudinal slide plate.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the upper part of the tailstock guide rail is provided with a tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove along the length direction, the front side of the tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove is provided with a first tailstock guide surface, the rear side of the tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove is provided with a second tailstock guide surface, the upper part of the front side of the transverse slide plate guide rail is provided with a first transverse slide plate guide part, the upper part of the rear side of the transverse slide plate guide rail is provided with a second transverse slide plate guide part, and the first transverse slide plate guide part and the second transverse slide plate guide part are both arranged along the length direction of the transverse slide plate guide rail; the working surface of the first longitudinal sliding plate is provided with a sliding plate T-shaped groove.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the first transverse slide plate guide part and the second transverse slide plate guide part are transverse slide plate guide grooves, and the transverse slide plate guide grooves are V-shaped grooves; the bottom of horizontal slide is provided with the first V type horizontal slide guide rail and the second V type horizontal slide guide rail of evagination, first V type horizontal slide guide rail is located the front side of second V type horizontal slide guide rail, the upper portion of first V type horizontal slide guide rail is provided with first slide and crosses oily through-hole, the upper portion of second V type horizontal slide guide rail is provided with the second slide and crosses oily through-hole, first V type horizontal slide guide rail cooperatees with first horizontal slide guiding portion, second V type horizontal slide guide rail cooperatees with second horizontal slide guiding portion.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the first transverse slide plate guide part and the second transverse slide plate guide part are transverse slide plate linear guide rails and are respectively a first transverse slide plate linear guide rail and a second transverse slide plate linear guide rail, the first transverse slide plate linear guide rail is positioned at the front side of the second transverse slide plate linear guide rail, the linear rails of the first transverse slide plate linear guide rail and the second transverse slide plate linear guide rail are respectively fixed at the top of the front side and the top of the rear side of the transverse slide plate guide rail through bolts, and the sliding blocks of the first transverse slide plate linear guide rail and the second transverse slide plate linear guide rail are respectively fixed at the bottom of the front side and the bottom of the rear side of the transverse slide plate through bolts, and the linear rails are in sliding fit with the sliding blocks.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the tail seat cushion plate is of a cube structure, an adjusting and positioning boss is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the tail seat cushion plate, a plurality of tail seat cushion plate connecting holes are formed in the front side and the rear side of the tail seat cushion plate, rolling mechanism mounting holes are formed in the four corners of the tail seat cushion plate, locking mechanism mounting holes are formed in the middle of the left side and the right side of the tail seat cushion plate, a tail seat sliding groove is formed in the bottom of the tail seat cushion plate, a first tail seat sliding groove surface and a second tail seat sliding groove surface are respectively formed in the front side and the rear side of the tail seat sliding groove, the first tail seat sliding groove surface is matched with the first tail seat guide surface, and the second tail seat sliding groove surface is matched with the second tail seat guide surface; the lower part of the tailstock body is a tailstock body bottom plate, the bottom of the tailstock body bottom plate is provided with a tailstock positioning groove which is matched with the adjusting positioning boss, two sides of the tailstock body bottom plate are provided with a plurality of tailstock body connecting holes, the positions of the tailstock body connecting holes and the tailstock base plate connecting holes are corresponding, the tailstock body and the tailstock base plate are fixed together through bolts passing through the tailstock base plate connecting holes and the tailstock base plate connecting holes, and the tailstock body bottom plate is provided with a center adjusting bolt; the rolling mechanism is characterized in that a tailstock rolling mechanism is arranged at the position of a rolling mechanism mounting hole, a tailstock locking mechanism is arranged at the position of a locking mechanism mounting hole, the upper parts of the tailstock rolling mechanism and the tailstock locking mechanism are both positioned in a tailstock base plate, a tailstock locking pressing plate is arranged at the bottom of the tailstock locking mechanism, and the tailstock locking pressing plate is positioned in an upper middle sliding groove of a tailstock guide rail.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the tailstock rolling mechanism comprises a rolling mechanism support, a needle bearing, a rolling mechanism shaft pin, a disc spring washer cap and a rolling mechanism adjusting bolt, wherein the disc spring washer cap is arranged on the upper portion of the rolling mechanism support, the disc spring is formed by stacking a plurality of disc springs relatively, the disc spring is sleeved on an upper cylinder of the rolling mechanism support, the needle bearing and the rolling mechanism shaft pin are both arranged in the lower portion of the rolling mechanism support, the needle bearing is fixed with the rolling mechanism support through the rolling mechanism shaft pin, the rolling mechanism adjusting bolt is arranged above the disc spring washer cap, and the rolling mechanism adjusting bolt is in threaded connection with a tailstock body bottom plate.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the tail seat locking mechanism comprises a T-shaped locking bolt, a locking cylinder body, a locking cylinder piston, a fastening nut and a limiting bushing, wherein the locking cylinder piston and the limiting bushing are arranged in the locking cylinder body, the limiting bushing is positioned below the locking cylinder piston, the upper part of the T-shaped locking bolt sequentially penetrates through the bottom of the locking cylinder body and the middle part of the locking cylinder piston, the fastening nut is arranged on the upper part of the T-shaped locking bolt and connects the locking cylinder piston with the locking cylinder body, a locking cylinder oil cavity is formed among the locking cylinder body, the locking cylinder piston, the limiting bushing and the T-shaped locking bolt, and the center of the upper part of the T-shaped locking bolt is provided with an oil inlet and return interface communicated with the locking cylinder oil cavity; the locking cylinder body is arranged in the locking mechanism mounting hole, and the lower part of the T-shaped locking bolt is matched with the step of the tailstock locking pressing plate.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the tail seat hydraulic cylinder comprises a hydraulic cylinder cavity, a tail seat shaft sleeve, a disassembly ejector rod, a process seal sleeve, a tail seat cylinder piston, a shaft sleeve lock nut and a tail seat cylinder end cover, wherein the tail seat shaft sleeve is axially arranged in the hydraulic cylinder cavity, the disassembly ejector rod is axially arranged at the right center of the tail seat shaft sleeve, the tail seat shaft sleeve is in sliding fit with the disassembly ejector rod, the process seal sleeve and the tail seat cylinder piston are both arranged at the outer side of the tail seat shaft sleeve, the shaft sleeve lock nut is arranged at the right end of the tail seat shaft sleeve and fixes the tail seat shaft sleeve and the tail seat cylinder piston through the shaft sleeve lock nut, and the process seal sleeve, the tail seat cylinder piston and the shaft sleeve lock nut are all positioned in the hydraulic cylinder cavity; the tail seat oil cylinder end cover is arranged at the tail part of the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity and is fixedly connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity through a cylinder cover connecting bolt, the right end of the disassembly ejector rod penetrates out of the tail seat oil cylinder end cover, the right end of the disassembly ejector rod is provided with an ejector rod locking nut, the disassembly ejector rod is fixed with the tail seat oil cylinder end cover through the ejector rod locking nut, and the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity is arranged at the upper part of the tail seat body; the hydraulic cylinder comprises a tailstock cylinder end cover, a hydraulic cylinder cavity, a tailstock cylinder piston, a shaft sleeve locking nut, a tailstock shaft sleeve and a disassembly ejector rod, wherein a jacking acting oil cavity is formed among the hydraulic cylinder cavity, the tailstock shaft sleeve, a process seal sleeve and the tailstock cylinder piston; the tail seat is characterized in that a shaft sleeve positioning groove is formed in the lower left side of the tail seat shaft sleeve, a positioning block mounting hole is formed in the lower left end of the hydraulic cylinder cavity, a shaft sleeve positioning block is arranged in the positioning block mounting hole and can slide relative to the shaft sleeve positioning groove, and the tail seat center is axially fixed at the left center of the tail seat shaft sleeve.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the milling or grinding device comprises a power head support, a driving motor and a power head, wherein the power head is arranged on the front side of the power head support, the driving motor is arranged on the rear side of the power head support, the driving motor drives the power head to operate in a belt transmission mode, and the power head support is arranged on the upper portion of the second longitudinal sliding plate.

The numerical control machine tool is characterized in that: the power head support comprises a support bottom plate, two arc plates and a support connecting plate, wherein the number of the arc plates is two, the two arc plates are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper part of the support bottom plate, the support connecting plate is arranged on the left side of the upper part of the support bottom plate, a power head support fixing hole is formed in the support bottom plate, a mounting process opening is formed in the support connecting plate, two arc plates are provided with a plurality of arc-shaped T-shaped grooves, an arc-shaped T-shaped slide way is arranged between the two arc-shaped T-shaped grooves on the outer side, a slide way arc long hole is formed in the middle of the arc-shaped T-shaped slide way along the length direction, a T-shaped edge arc-shaped slide block is arranged in the arc-shaped T-shaped slide way, a screw support mounting groove is formed between the upper parts of the arc plates, a screw fixing support and a deflection angle adjusting screw are arranged in the screw support mounting groove, the deflection angle adjusting screw is fixed in the screw support mounting groove in a floating manner through the screw fixing support, a deflection angle adjusting lever nut is horizontally arranged in a box-shaped cavity formed among the arc plate, the support connecting plate and the support bottom plate, the front end and the rear end of the deflection angle adjusting lever nut are connected with T-shaped edge arc-shaped sliding blocks positioned at two sides of the deflection angle adjusting lever nut through arc-shaped sliding block fixing bolts, the lower end of the deflection angle adjusting screw passes through the screw fixing support and then is in threaded fit with the middle part of the deflection angle adjusting lever nut, the T-shaped edge arc-shaped sliding blocks are provided with fixing bolt holes, the power head support and the driving motor are respectively fixedly connected with the T-shaped edge arc-shaped sliding blocks at two sides through the fixing bolts at two sides of the fixing bolt holes, the power head support and the driving motor are respectively fastened with arc-shaped T-shaped grooves at two sides through the T-shaped bolts, the bracket bottom plate is fixed on the upper part of the second longitudinal sliding plate through bolts penetrating through the fixing holes of the power head support.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, the relative positions and the structural forms of the machine tool guide rails are changed, more than two longitudinal sliding plates are independently moved, and by installing accessories such as different tool rests or power heads, the machining of workpieces with multiple working procedures by one machine is realized, and the machining with multiple working procedures and multiple working stations of turning, milling, grinding and drilling can be realized on the same machine tool; therefore, the whole workpiece is processed without transferring and multiple times of clamping, and the workpiece can be finished only by one time of clamping, so that clamping errors caused by multiple times of clamping are completely avoided, and the processing precision is ensured.

2. The transverse slide plate guide rail adopts a structure with low front and high rear, so that the lathe bed of the machine tool forms an inclined lathe bed structure, the rigidity of the machine tool is greatly improved, and the moving length of the transverse slide plate can be equal to or longer than the length of the lathe bed because the transverse slide plate guide rail positioned behind the tailstock guide rail is not influenced by the main axle box and the tailstock under the same length of the lathe bed, thereby lengthening the moving length of the transverse slide plate, increasing the processing range of a workpiece and saving resources.

3. The invention adopts the inclined lathe bed structure with high back and low front, so that the longitudinal sliding plate is always in a natural sagging state under the action of gravity, and an electromagnetic band-type brake motor is adopted for longitudinal driving to overcome the gravity, thus the longitudinal gap is thoroughly eliminated, and the machining precision is higher.

4. Compared with a common numerical control machine tool, the hydraulic tailstock and the numerical control system are adopted, and the operation of the machine tool is more accurate and flexible.

In summary, compared with an ordinary lathe, the invention separates the tailstock guide rail and the slide plate guide rail from each other, adopts the inclined lathe bed structure form of the high-low guide rail, makes up the defect of the structure of the existing lathe, realizes that one machine tool can be provided with a plurality of slide plates for processing and linkage, can finish one machine with multiple purposes of processing such as workpiece turning, grinding, milling and the like, reduces the defects of difficult maintenance of processing precision, time and energy waste of operators caused by repeated workpiece loading and repeated alignment, ensures the processing precision, improves the processing efficiency and saves resources; the structure form of the inclined lathe bed is adopted, and meanwhile, the rigidity of the machine tool is also increased.

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view A-A of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the transverse slide, the dovetail slide, the longitudinal slide mount, the second longitudinal slide, and the first longitudinal slide in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a tailstock pad in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a tailstock portion in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view of a tailstock portion in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a B-B cross-sectional view of fig. 6.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a tailstock rolling mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a tailstock locking mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing the structure of a milling or grinding apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of a power head support in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship among the machine bed, tailstock rail, and traverse slide rail in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

1-a main spindle box; 2-a machine tool body; 3-a longitudinal slide support;

4-a numerical control operation table; 5-a tailstock body; 6, a tailstock backing plate;

6-1, a tailstock chute; 7, a tailstock guide rail; 7-1, a first tailstock guide surface;

7-2, a second tailstock guide surface; 8, a transverse slide plate guide rail; 8-1-a first transverse slide plate guide;

8-2-a second lateral slide guide; 9-a tailstock hydraulic cylinder; 10-a transverse slide plate;

11-a first longitudinal slide; 12-a second longitudinal slide; 13-a machine tool head;

14-a drive motor; 15-a power head support; 16-a power head;

17-a tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove; 18-a slide T-shaped groove; 19-a first V-shaped transverse skateboard rail;

20-a first slide plate oil passing through hole; 21-a second V-shaped transverse skateboard rail;

22-a second slide plate oil passing through hole; 23-a tailstock backing plate connecting hole; 24-a locking mechanism mounting hole;

25-the first tailstock chute face; 26-the second tailstock chute face; 27-adjusting the positioning boss;

28-a rolling mechanism mounting hole; 29—a center adjustment bolt; 30-a hydraulic cylinder cavity;

31-a tailstock body connecting hole; 32-tailstock center; 33-tailstock locking mechanism;

34-tailstock rolling mechanism; 35-a rolling mechanism adjusting bolt; 36-pushing the acting oil inlet;

37-tailstock locking pressing plate; 38-a tailstock base plate; 39-a shaft sleeve positioning groove;

40-positioning block mounting holes; 41-a shaft sleeve positioning block; 42-tailstock shaft sleeve;

43-process seal cartridge; 44-withdrawing the acting oil inlet; 45-withdrawing the acting oil cavity;

46, disassembling the ejector rod; 47-tailstock cylinder piston; 48-shaft sleeve lock nut;

49-tailstock cylinder end cap; 50-a push rod lock nut; 51-pushing up the acting oil cavity;

52-tailstock positioning grooves; 53-rolling mechanism shaft pin; 54-a rolling mechanism bracket;

55-disc springs; 56-disc spring mattress cap; 57-needle bearings;

58-T type locking bolt; 59-locking cylinder body; 60-locking an oil cylinder oil cavity;

61-locking the cylinder piston; 62-T bolts; 63-tightening a nut;

64-limit bushing; 65-an arc-shaped T-shaped slideway; 66-arc-shaped T-shaped groove;

67-deflection angle adjusting screw; 68-a screw fixing support; 69—two side fixing bolts;

70-a power head support fixing hole; 71-a fixing bolt hole; 72-arc slide block fixing bolts;

73-T-shaped edge arc slide block; 74-arc plate; 75-screw support mounting groove;

76-a bracket connecting plate; 77-a deflection angle adjustment lever master; 78-arc long holes of slide ways;

79—mounting process openings; 80-a bracket bottom plate; 81-a transverse slide plate driving mechanism;

82-a dovetail slipway; 83-a first longitudinal slide drive mechanism;

84-a second longitudinal slide drive mechanism; 85-line tracks; 86-slide block;

87-an oil inlet and return interface; 88-cylinder cover connecting bolts.

Detailed Description

Example 1

The numerical control machine tool shown in fig. 1 comprises a machine tool body 2, a spindle box 1 is arranged at the left end part of the machine tool body 2, a tailstock guide rail 7 with the same cross section height is arranged at the front part of the machine tool body 2 along the length direction of the machine tool body 2, a transverse slide plate guide rail 8 with the front lower part and the rear higher part is arranged at the rear part of the machine tool body 2, the tailstock guide rail 7 and the transverse slide plate guide rail 8 are parallel, a numerical control operation table 4 is arranged at the front side of the machine tool body 2, the numerical control operation table 4 is positioned in front of the tailstock guide rail 7, a tailstock part capable of adjusting the position along the tailstock guide rail 7 is arranged on the tailstock guide rail 7, the tailstock part comprises a tailstock base 6, a tailstock body 5 and a tailstock hydraulic cylinder 9, the tailstock body 5 is arranged at the upper part of the tailstock base 6, the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 9 is arranged at the upper part of the tailstock body 5, one end of the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 9 close to the spindle box 1 is provided with a tailstock center 32, and the tailstock guide 6 is arranged at the upper part of the tailstock guide rail 7; the automatic milling and grinding device is characterized in that a transverse slide 10 is obliquely arranged on the transverse slide guide rail 8, a transverse slide driving mechanism 81 capable of driving the transverse slide 10 to slide along the transverse slide guide rail 8 is arranged on the transverse slide guide rail 8, a dovetail sliding table 82 and a longitudinal slide support 3 are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper portion of the transverse slide 10, the dovetail sliding table 82 and the transverse slide 10 are integrally formed, a first longitudinal slide 11 is arranged on the upper portion of the longitudinal slide support 3, a second longitudinal slide 12 is arranged on the upper portion of the dovetail sliding table 82, a first longitudinal slide driving mechanism 83 capable of driving the first longitudinal slide 11 to slide along the length direction of the longitudinal slide support 3 is arranged on the longitudinal slide support 3, a second longitudinal slide driving mechanism 84 capable of driving the second longitudinal slide 12 to slide along the length direction of the dovetail sliding table 82 is arranged on the dovetail sliding table 82, a machine tool rest 13 is arranged on the upper portion of the first longitudinal slide 11, and a milling or grinding device is arranged on the upper portion of the second longitudinal slide 12.

Wherein, the transverse slide plate driving mechanism 81, the first longitudinal slide plate driving mechanism 83 and the second longitudinal slide plate driving mechanism 84 are all screw-nut mechanisms, and the sliding of the first longitudinal slide plate 11 and the second longitudinal slide plate 12 are respectively driven by a servo motor and independently move without affecting each other; the numerical control operation table 4 can realize accurate control of the machine tool.

The invention is different from the common lathe in that: the tail seat guide rail 7 is separated from the transverse slide plate guide rail 8, the tail seat guide rail 7 is arranged at the front position, and the transverse slide plate guide rail 8 is arranged at the rear position of the tail seat guide rail 7 and is separated from the tail seat guide rail 7 by a certain distance; the rear part of the transverse slide plate guide rail 8 is higher than the front part, so that the transverse slide plate 10 forms a certain angle with the horizontal and becomes a slant bed structure, the rigidity is enhanced, the longitudinal slide plate is always in a sagging position under the action of gravity, the gap of the transverse slide plate 10 is effectively eliminated, and the machining precision is improved.

As shown in fig. 2, two sides of the upper portion of the tailstock guide 7 are provided with tailstock guide T-shaped grooves 17 along the length direction, wherein a first tailstock guide surface 7-1 is arranged on the outer side of one of the tailstock guide T-shaped grooves 17, a second tailstock guide surface 7-2 is arranged on the outer side of the other tailstock guide T-shaped groove 17, and an included angle alpha formed between the first tailstock guide surface 7-1 and the second tailstock guide surface 7-2 is 90 degrees; the upper part of the front side of the transverse slide rail 8 is provided with a first transverse slide guide part 8-1, the upper part of the rear side of the transverse slide rail 8 is provided with a second transverse slide guide part 8-2, and the first transverse slide guide part 8-1 and the second transverse slide guide part 8-2 are both arranged along the length direction of the transverse slide rail 8; the working surface of the first longitudinal slide 11 is provided with a slide T-shaped groove 18.

In the embodiment, the first tailstock guide surface 7-1 and the second tailstock guide surface 7-2 are designed to form an included angle of 90 degrees, a large inverted V-shaped structure is formed, and tailstock guide T-shaped grooves 17 are formed in adjacent positions of upper planes between the first tailstock guide surface 7-1 and the second tailstock guide surface 7-2. The large inverted V-shaped structure not only enlarges the contact surface between the tailstock guide rail 7 and the tailstock body 5, but also ensures that the positioning precision of the tailstock body 5 is higher; secondly, the T-shaped groove 17 of the tailstock guide rail can conveniently realize the locking and fixing of the tailstock body 5 and the tailstock guide rail 7 through the T-shaped locking bolt 58 under the action of hydraulic pressure.

As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the first lateral slide guiding portion 8-1 and the second lateral slide guiding portion 8-2 are both lateral slide guiding grooves, and the lateral slide guiding grooves are V-shaped grooves; the bottom of the transverse sliding plate 10 is provided with a first V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 19 and a second V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 21 which are protruded outwards, the first V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 19 is positioned on the front side of the second V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 21, a first sliding plate oil passing through hole 20 is formed in the upper portion of the first V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 19, a second sliding plate oil passing through hole 22 is formed in the upper portion of the second V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 21, the first V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 19 is matched with the first transverse sliding plate guide part 8-1, and the second V-shaped transverse sliding plate guide rail 21 is matched with the second transverse sliding plate guide part 8-2.

The first and second slide oil passing through holes 20 and 22 allow the lubricating oil of the first and second lateral slide guide portions 8-1 and 8-2 to pass smoothly, respectively. The characteristic of this embodiment is that two transverse bosses are provided at the bottom of the transverse slide 10, a first V-shaped transverse slide rail 19 and a second V-shaped transverse slide rail 21, respectively, slidably engaged with the first transverse slide guide portion 8-1 and the second transverse slide guide portion 8-2 of the transverse slide rail 8, respectively, and the first longitudinal slide 11 and the second longitudinal slide 12 provided on the transverse slide 10 are individually movable along dovetails, respectively. The advantages of this embodiment are: the machine tool rest 13 arranged on the first longitudinal sliding plate 11 and the milling or grinding device arranged on the second longitudinal sliding plate 12 finish multi-procedure and multi-station turning, milling, grinding and drilling of the workpiece under the condition that the workpiece is not required to be transferred and clamped repeatedly, thereby realizing the function of one machine with multiple functions.

The two first transverse slide guiding parts 8-1 and the second transverse slide guiding parts 8-2 of the transverse slide guide rail 8 are designed into a front low and rear high structure, the cross section of the transverse slide guiding parts is of a double V-shaped groove structure, and the transverse slide guiding parts are a characteristic of the embodiment and are different from the common structural forms of a reverse V-shaped boss and a plane structure of an ordinary lathe. The double V-shaped groove structure has the advantages that the positioning accuracy is higher, certain lubricating oil can be stored in the double V-shaped groove structure, reliable lubrication of the machine tool guide rail and no loss of lubricating oil are guaranteed, the lubricating oil is saved, pollution is reduced, and waste and pollution caused by the fact that lubricating oil caused by a inverted V-shaped boss and a plane structure of a common machine tool flows into scrap iron along the guide surface of the machine tool are avoided.

The embodiment is also characterized in that: the machine tool body 2, the tailstock guide rail 7 and the transverse slide plate guide rail 8 with the front lower and the rear higher form a machine tool structure similar to an inclined lathe body, but different from the inclined lathe body, the inclined lathe body cannot be provided with a longer tailstock, and the special structure ensures that the whole machine tool body is widened under the condition of less steel, and the whole rigidity and the stability are enhanced.

As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the tailstock pad 6 has a cube structure, an adjusting and positioning boss 27 is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the tailstock pad 6, a plurality of tailstock pad connecting holes 23 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the tailstock pad 6, rolling mechanism mounting holes 28 are respectively arranged on four corners of the tailstock pad 6, locking mechanism mounting holes 24 are respectively arranged in the middle of the left side and the right side of the tailstock pad 6, a tailstock chute 6-1 is arranged at the bottom of the tailstock pad 6, a first tailstock chute surface 25 and a second tailstock chute surface 26 are respectively arranged on the front side and the rear side of the tailstock chute 6-1, the first tailstock chute surface 25 is matched with the first tailstock guide surface 7-1, and the second tailstock chute surface 26 is matched with the second tailstock guide surface 7-2; the lower part of the tailstock body 5 is a tailstock body bottom plate 38, the bottom of the tailstock body bottom plate 38 is provided with a tailstock positioning groove 52, the tailstock positioning groove 52 is matched with the adjusting positioning boss 27, two sides of the tailstock body bottom plate 38 are provided with a plurality of tailstock body connecting holes 31, the positions of the tailstock body connecting holes 31 and the tailstock backing plate connecting holes 23 are corresponding, the tailstock body 5 and the tailstock backing plate 6 are fixed together through bolts penetrating through the tailstock backing plate connecting holes 23 and the tailstock body connecting holes 31, and the tailstock body bottom plate 38 is provided with a center adjusting bolt 29; the rolling mechanism mounting hole 28 is provided with a tailstock rolling mechanism 34, the locking mechanism mounting hole 24 is provided with a tailstock locking mechanism 33, the upper parts of the tailstock rolling mechanism 34 and the tailstock locking mechanism 33 are both positioned in the tailstock base plate 6, the bottom of the tailstock locking mechanism 33 is provided with a tailstock locking pressing plate 37, and the tailstock locking pressing plate 37 is positioned in an upper middle sliding groove of the tailstock guide rail 7.

The tailstock guide rail 7 is provided with a tailstock base plate 6 and a tailstock body 5, two sides of the bottom of the tailstock base plate 6 are provided with a first tailstock sliding groove surface 25 and a second tailstock sliding groove surface 26, the first tailstock sliding groove surface 25 and the second tailstock sliding groove surface 26 form an included angle of 90 degrees with each other, and the tailstock sliding groove surface is jointed with a transverse slide plate rail boss of the transverse slide plate 10, so that the accurate positioning of the tailstock is facilitated.

As shown in fig. 8, the tailstock rolling mechanism 34 includes a rolling mechanism support 54, a needle bearing 57, a rolling mechanism shaft pin 53, a disc spring 55, a disc spring pad cap 56 and a rolling mechanism adjusting bolt 35, the disc spring pad cap 56 is disposed on an upper portion of the rolling mechanism support 54, the disc spring 55 is formed by stacking a plurality of disc springs relatively, the disc spring 55 is sleeved on an upper cylinder of the rolling mechanism support 54, the needle bearing 57 and the rolling mechanism shaft pin 53 are disposed in a lower portion of the rolling mechanism support 54, the needle bearing 57 is fixed with the rolling mechanism support 54 through the rolling mechanism shaft pin 53, the rolling mechanism adjusting bolt 35 is disposed above the disc spring pad cap 56, and the rolling mechanism adjusting bolt 35 is in threaded connection with the tailstock base plate 38.

The tailstock rolling mechanism 34 is placed in the locking mechanism mounting holes 24 on the left side and the right side of the tailstock base plate 6, and slightly jacks up the tailstock body 5 under the elastic action of the disc spring 55, so that the first tailstock sliding groove surface 25 and the second tailstock sliding groove surface 26 of the tailstock base plate 6 are separated from the first tailstock guide surface 7-1 and the second tailstock guide surface 7-2 of the tailstock guide rail 7, and can easily and flexibly move under the action of the needle roller bearing 57. Namely, in the case that locking is not required, the elastic action of the disc spring 55 separates the contact surface of the tailstock and the tailstock guide rail 7, the smart movement of the tailstock is realized under the rolling of the needle bearing 57, and the track surface is protected from abrasion due to the sliding of the contact surface.

As shown in fig. 9, the tailstock locking mechanism 33 includes a T-shaped locking bolt 58, a locking cylinder body 59, a locking cylinder piston 61, a fastening nut 63 and a limiting bush 64, wherein the locking cylinder piston 61 and the limiting bush 64 are both disposed in the locking cylinder body 59, the limiting bush 64 is disposed below the locking cylinder piston 61, the upper portion of the T-shaped locking bolt 58 sequentially passes through the bottom of the locking cylinder body 59 and the middle portion of the locking cylinder piston 61, the fastening nut 63 is disposed at the upper portion of the T-shaped locking bolt 58 and connects the locking cylinder piston 61 and the locking cylinder body 59, a locking cylinder oil cavity 60 is formed among the locking cylinder body 59, the locking cylinder piston 61, the limiting bush 64 and the T-shaped locking bolt 58, and an oil inlet and oil return port 87 communicating with the locking cylinder oil cavity 60 is disposed at the center of the upper portion of the T-shaped locking cylinder piston 58; the locking cylinder body 59 is arranged in the locking mechanism mounting hole 24, and the lower part of the T-shaped locking bolt 58 is matched with the step of the tailstock locking pressing plate 37.

When the tailstock body 5 needs to be locked, hydraulic oil enters the locking cylinder oil cavity 60 through the oil inlet and oil return port 87 and the channel, the locking cylinder piston 61 is moved upwards under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, the T-shaped locking bolt 58 is forced to move upwards together with the locking cylinder piston 61 due to the fact that the fastening nut 63 is fixed, the tailstock body 5 and the tailstock guide rail 7 are locked through the tailstock locking pressing plate 37 and the tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove 17, the hydraulic oil in the locking cylinder oil cavity 60 returns along the original path of the oil inlet after the pressure disappears, the acting force disappears simultaneously, the locking of the tailstock locking mechanism 33 fails, and the tailstock body 5 can flexibly move on the tailstock guide rail 7. The structure of the embodiment has the advantages that: when the tailstock guide rail 7 needs to move, the tailstock locking mechanism 33 is loosened, the disc spring 55 arranged in the tailstock rolling mechanism 34 jacks up the tailstock body 5 under the action of elastic force, so that the tailstock is separated from the contact surface of the rail, the movement of the tailstock is realized through the rolling of the needle bearing 57 arranged on the bottom plate of the tailstock rolling mechanism 34, at the moment, the rolling resistance is very small, and the working surface of the needle bearing 57 is completely separated from the working inclined surface of the rail, so that the rail surface of the tailstock is never worn by the tailstock which is frequently moved, and the defect that the rail surface of the tailstock which cannot be overcome by a common machine tool is worn and scratched by the tailstock which is frequently moved is avoided, thereby reliably ensuring the positioning precision of the tailstock.

As shown in fig. 7, the tailstock hydraulic cylinder 9 includes a hydraulic cylinder cavity 30, a tailstock shaft sleeve 42, a disassembly push rod 46, a process seal sleeve 43, a tailstock cylinder piston 47, a shaft sleeve lock nut 48 and a tailstock cylinder end cover 49, wherein the tailstock shaft sleeve 42 is axially arranged in the hydraulic cylinder cavity 30, the disassembly push rod 46 is axially arranged at the right center of the tailstock shaft sleeve 42, the tailstock shaft sleeve 42 is in sliding fit with the disassembly push rod 46, the process seal sleeve 43 and the tailstock cylinder piston 47 are both arranged at the outer side of the tailstock shaft sleeve 42, the shaft sleeve lock nut 48 is arranged at the right end of the tailstock shaft sleeve 42 and fixes the tailstock shaft sleeve 42 and the tailstock cylinder piston 47 through the shaft sleeve lock nut 48, and the process seal sleeve 43, the tailstock cylinder piston 47 and the shaft sleeve lock nut 48 are all positioned in the hydraulic cylinder cavity 30; the tail seat oil cylinder end cover 49 is arranged at the tail part of the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity 30 and is fixedly connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity 30 through a cylinder cover connecting bolt 88, the right end of the disassembly ejector rod 46 penetrates out of the tail seat oil cylinder end cover 49, the right end of the disassembly ejector rod 46 is provided with an ejector rod locking nut 50, the disassembly ejector rod 46 is fixed with the tail seat oil cylinder end cover 49 through the ejector rod locking nut 50, and the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity 30 is arranged at the upper part of the tail seat body 5; a jacking acting oil cavity 51 is formed among the tail seat oil cylinder end cover 49, the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity 30, the tail seat oil cylinder piston 47, the shaft sleeve locking nut 48, the tail seat shaft sleeve 42 and the disassembly ejector rod 46, a retreating acting oil cavity 45 is formed among the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity 30, the tail seat shaft sleeve 42, the process sealing sleeve 43 and the tail seat oil cylinder piston 47, a jacking acting oil inlet 36 communicated with the jacking acting oil cavity 51 is arranged on the tail seat oil cylinder end cover 49, and a retreating acting oil inlet 44 communicated with the retreating acting oil cavity 45 is arranged on the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity 30; the lower part of the left side of tailstock axle sleeve 42 is provided with axle sleeve constant head tank 39, the lower part of the left end of hydraulic cylinder cavity 30 is provided with locating piece mounting hole 40, be provided with axle sleeve locating piece 41 in the locating piece mounting hole 40 and axle sleeve locating piece 41 can slide relative axle sleeve constant head tank 39, tailstock top 32 is fixed at the left side center of tailstock axle sleeve 42 along the axial.

The tailstock shaft sleeve 42, the tailstock cylinder piston 47 and the shaft sleeve lock nut 48 can move left or right in the hydraulic cylinder cavity 30 along the horizontal direction under the action of hydraulic oil; the sleeve positioning block 41 can slide in the sleeve positioning groove 39, positions the tailstock sleeve 42 in the circumferential direction, prevents the tailstock sleeve 42 from rotating radially, and is provided with a Morse taper hole on the left side of the tailstock sleeve 42 to be combined with the tailstock center 32. When hydraulic oil enters oil from the jacking acting oil inlet 36, the hydraulic oil pushes the tailstock oil cylinder piston 47, the shaft sleeve locking nut 48 and the tailstock shaft sleeve 42 to move leftwards, and meanwhile drives the tailstock center 32 to move leftwards, so that workpiece jacking is realized; when hydraulic oil enters the return working oil cavity 45 from the return working oil inlet 44, the hydraulic oil pushes the tailstock oil cylinder piston 47, the shaft sleeve locking nut 48 and the tailstock shaft sleeve 42 to move rightwards, and the tailstock center 32 is driven to move rightwards, so that loosening is realized; because the disassembly ejector rod 46 is fixed and has a constant length, when the disassembly ejector rod 46 is continuously retracted to the bottom, the tail seat center 32 is ejected by the disassembly ejector rod 46, and other centers or tail seat drills can be replaced for other processing.

As shown in fig. 10, the milling or grinding device includes a power head support 15, a driving motor 14 and a power head 16, the power head 16 is mounted on the front side of the power head support 15, the driving motor 14 is mounted on the rear side of the power head support 15, the driving motor 14 drives the power head 16 to operate in a belt transmission mode, and the power head support 15 is mounted on the upper portion of the second longitudinal slide plate 12.

As shown in fig. 11, the power head support 15 includes a support base 80, two arc plates 74 and support connection plates 76, the number of the arc plates 74 is two, the two arc plates 74 are symmetrically disposed on front and rear sides of the upper portion of the support base 80, the support connection plates 76 are disposed on left side of the upper portion of the support base 80, the support base 80 is provided with a power head support fixing hole 70, the support connection plates 76 are provided with mounting process openings 79, the two arc plates 74 are provided with a plurality of arc T-shaped grooves 66, an arc T-shaped slide 65 is disposed between the two arc T-shaped grooves 66 on the outer side, a slide arc slot 78 is disposed in the middle of the arc T-shaped slide 65 along the length direction, a T-shaped edge arc slide 73 is disposed in the arc T-shaped slide 65, a screw support mounting groove 75 is arranged between the upper parts of the two arc plates 74, a screw fixing support 68 and a deflection angle adjusting screw 67 are arranged in the screw support mounting groove 75, the deflection angle adjusting screw 67 is fixed in the screw support mounting groove 75 in a floating manner through the screw fixing support 68, a deflection angle adjusting lever nut 77 is horizontally arranged in a box-shaped cavity formed among the arc plates 74, the bracket connecting plates 76 and the bracket bottom plate 80, the front end and the rear end of the deflection angle adjusting lever nut 77 are connected with T-shaped edge arc sliding blocks 73 positioned on two sides of the deflection angle adjusting lever nut 77 through arc sliding block fixing bolts 72, the lower end of the deflection angle adjusting screw 67 is in threaded fit with the middle part of the deflection angle adjusting lever nut 77 after passing through the screw fixing support 68, the T-shaped edge arc sliding blocks 73 are provided with fixing bolt holes 71, the power head support 15 and the driving motor 14 are respectively and fixedly connected with T-shaped edge arc-shaped sliding blocks 73 on two sides through fixing bolts 69 on two sides penetrating through fixing bolt holes 71, the power head support 15 and the driving motor 14 are respectively fastened with arc-shaped T-shaped grooves 66 on two sides through T-shaped bolts 62, and the support base plate 80 is fixed on the upper portion of the second longitudinal sliding plate 12 through bolts penetrating through fixing holes 70 of the power head support.

The first longitudinal slide plate 11 and the second longitudinal slide plate 12 can respectively and independently move without being interfered by each other, and machine tool accessories with different functions such as other power heads and the like can be directly installed on the first longitudinal slide plate 11 and the second longitudinal slide plate 12 to finish processing tasks of different procedures, so that the aim of one machine with multiple functions is fulfilled.

The milling or grinding device comprises a power head support 15, a driving motor 14 and a power head 16, wherein an arc-shaped T-shaped slide rail 65 and a T-shaped edge arc-shaped slide block 73 are arranged on the power head support 15, the power head 16 is fixed on the T-shaped edge arc-shaped slide block 73, and moves along the edge of the arc-shaped T-shaped slide rail 65 along with the T-shaped edge arc-shaped slide block 73, the circle center of the power head is coincident with the center of a whirlwind milling cutter disc on the power head 16, so that the whirlwind milling power head always keeps the position of the cutter processing height unchanged when the whirlwind angle is changed, and the spiral workpiece with various whirlwind angles is processed. If the workpiece processed by the whirling power head is required to be finely ground, a power head grinding wheel similar to the whirling power head structure can be installed on other longitudinal sliding plates in the same way, or the whirling power cutterhead is replaced by the grinding wheel, so that the efficient milling and grinding processing of the screw rod can be realized; the longitudinal sliding plate can be further provided with accessories such as a multi-station tool rest, a drilling and milling power head and the like, so that the processing functions of excircle processing, end face, radial punching, slot milling and the like which cannot be realized by an ordinary lathe are realized.

The yaw angle adjustment screw 67 is floatingly fixed in the screw mount mounting groove 75 via the screw mount 68, and is rotatable radially and swingable axially by an external force. When the helix angle of a machined part changes and the horizontal deflection angle of the power head 16 needs to be adjusted, the T-shaped bolt 62 is loosened, the deflection angle adjusting rod nut 77 generates upward (or downward) acting force at the moment through rotating the deflection angle adjusting screw rod 67, the T-shaped edge arc sliding blocks 73 connected to the left side and the right side of the deflection angle adjusting rod nut 77 are forced to do circular arc motion along the arc-shaped T-shaped sliding ways 65, the power head 16 arranged on the T-shaped edge arc sliding blocks 73 and the driving motor 14 on the other side are driven to synchronously change angles, the angle adjusting device adapts to the machining requirements of workpieces with various helix angles, after angle adjustment is completed, the power head 16 and the driving motor 14 are respectively fastened with the arc-shaped T-shaped grooves 66 on the two sides through the T-shaped bolt 62, the power head 16 and the driving motor 14 are fixed on the power head support 15, and under the control of a numerical control system, the machining of various sizes and shapes of the workpieces is achieved along with the transverse movement of the transverse sliding plate 10 and the longitudinal movement of the second longitudinal sliding plate 12. The T-shaped edge arc-shaped sliding block 73 is provided with an arc-shaped sliding block fixing bolt 72, and the power head 16 and the T-shaped edge arc-shaped sliding block 73 are fixed through the bolt. The arc-shaped T-shaped slide ways 65 and the arc-shaped T-shaped grooves 66 on two sides of the power head support are all centered on the contact point of the cutter of the power head and the workpiece, so that the angle change of the power head does not affect the machining of the cutter on the workpiece, namely, the cutter is always at the center of the workpiece and is consistent with the height of the rotation center of the machine tool spindle.

Example 2

As shown in fig. 12 and 13, this embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the first transverse slide guiding part 8-1 and the second transverse slide guiding part 8-2 are transverse slide linear guide rails and are respectively a first transverse slide linear guide rail and a second transverse slide linear guide rail, the first transverse slide linear guide rail is positioned at the front side of the second transverse slide linear guide rail, the linear rails 85 of the first transverse slide linear guide rail and the second transverse slide linear guide rail are respectively fixed at the top of the front side and the top of the rear side of the transverse slide guide rail 8 through bolts, the sliding blocks 86 of the first transverse slide linear guide rail and the second transverse slide linear guide rail are respectively fixed at the bottom of the front side and the bottom of the rear side of the transverse slide 10 through bolts, and the linear rails 85 are in sliding fit with the sliding blocks 86.

In this embodiment, the structure and connection relation of the rest are the same as those of embodiment 1.

The foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any simple modification, variation and equivalent structural transformation of the above embodiment according to the technical substance of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A numerical control machine tool, characterized in that: the machine tool comprises a machine tool body (2), a spindle box (1) is arranged at the left end part of the machine tool body (2), tailstock guide rails (7) with the same cross section height are arranged at the front part of the machine tool body (2) along the length direction of the machine tool body (2), transverse slide plate guide rails (8) with the front lower part and the rear higher part are arranged at the rear part of the machine tool body (2), the tailstock guide rails (7) are parallel to the transverse slide plate guide rails (8), a numerical control operation table (4) is arranged at the front side of the machine tool body (2), the numerical control operation table (4) is positioned in front of the tailstock guide rails (7), a tailstock part capable of adjusting the position along the tailstock guide rails (7) is arranged on the tailstock guide rails (7), the tailstock part comprises a tailstock base plate (6), a tailstock body (5) and a tailstock hydraulic cylinder (9), the tailstock hydraulic cylinder (9) is arranged at the upper part of the tailstock base plate (6), the tailstock base plate (5) is arranged at the upper part of the tailstock base plate (6), and a tailstock base (32) is arranged near the spindle box (1); the milling machine comprises a transverse slide guide rail (8), wherein a transverse slide (10) is obliquely arranged on the transverse slide guide rail (8), a transverse slide driving mechanism (81) capable of driving the transverse slide (10) to slide along the transverse slide guide rail (8) is arranged on the transverse slide guide rail (8), a dovetail sliding table (82) and a longitudinal slide support (3) are respectively arranged on two sides of the upper part of the transverse slide (10), the dovetail sliding table (82) and the transverse slide (10) are integrally formed, a first longitudinal slide (11) is arranged on the upper part of the longitudinal slide support (3), a second longitudinal slide (12) is arranged on the upper part of the dovetail sliding table (82), a first longitudinal slide driving mechanism (83) capable of driving the first longitudinal slide (11) to slide along the length direction of the longitudinal slide support (3) is arranged on the longitudinal slide support (3), a second longitudinal slide driving mechanism (84) capable of driving the second longitudinal slide (12) to slide along the length direction of the dovetail sliding table (82) is arranged on the dovetail sliding table (82), and a cutter rest (13) of the first longitudinal slide (11) is arranged on the longitudinal slide rest (12) or a milling device;

The upper part of the tailstock guide rail (7) is provided with a tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove (17) along the length direction, the front side of the tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove (17) is provided with a first tailstock guide surface (7-1), the rear side of the tailstock guide rail T-shaped groove (17) is provided with a second tailstock guide surface (7-2), and an included angle alpha formed between the first tailstock guide surface (7-1) and the second tailstock guide surface (7-2) is 90 degrees; the upper part of the front side of the transverse slide plate guide rail (8) is provided with a first transverse slide plate guide part (8-1), the upper part of the rear side of the transverse slide plate guide rail (8) is provided with a second transverse slide plate guide part (8-2), and the first transverse slide plate guide part (8-1) and the second transverse slide plate guide part (8-2) are both arranged along the length direction of the transverse slide plate guide rail (8); a slide plate T-shaped groove (18) is formed in the working surface of the first longitudinal slide plate (11);

the tail seat cushion plate (6) is of a cube structure, an adjusting and positioning boss (27) is arranged in the middle of the upper side of the tail seat cushion plate (6), a plurality of tail seat cushion plate connecting holes (23) are formed in the front side and the rear side of the tail seat cushion plate (6), rolling mechanism mounting holes (28) are formed in the four corners of the tail seat cushion plate (6), locking mechanism mounting holes (24) are formed in the middle of the left side and the right side of the tail seat cushion plate (6), a tail seat sliding groove (6-1) is formed in the bottom of the tail seat cushion plate (6), a first tail seat sliding groove surface (25) and a second tail seat sliding groove surface (26) are respectively formed in the front side and the rear side of the tail seat sliding groove (6-1), the first tail seat sliding groove surface (25) is matched with the first tail seat guide surface (7-1), and the second tail seat sliding groove surface (26) is matched with the second tail seat guide surface (7-2). The lower part of the tailstock body (5) is a tailstock body bottom plate (38), the bottom of the tailstock body bottom plate (38) is provided with a tailstock positioning groove (52), the tailstock positioning groove (52) is matched with an adjusting positioning boss (27), a plurality of tailstock body connecting holes (31) are formed in two sides of the tailstock body bottom plate (38), the positions of the tailstock body connecting holes (31) and the tailstock base plate connecting holes (23) correspond to each other, the tailstock body (5) and the tailstock base plate (6) are fixed together through bolts penetrating through the tailstock base plate connecting holes (23) and the tailstock base plate connecting holes (31), and a center adjusting bolt (29) is arranged on the tailstock body bottom plate (38); the rolling mechanism mounting hole (28) is provided with a tailstock rolling mechanism (34), the locking mechanism mounting hole (24) is provided with a tailstock locking mechanism (33), the upper parts of the tailstock rolling mechanism (34) and the tailstock locking mechanism (33) are both positioned in the tailstock base plate (6), the bottom of the tailstock locking mechanism (33) is provided with a tailstock locking pressing plate (37), and the tailstock locking pressing plate (37) is positioned in a middle chute at the upper side of the tailstock guide rail (7);

The milling or grinding device comprises a power head support (15), a driving motor (14) and a power head (16), wherein the power head (16) is arranged on the front side of the power head support (15), the driving motor (14) is arranged on the rear side of the power head support (15), the driving motor (14) drives the power head (16) to operate in a belt transmission mode, and the power head support (15) is arranged on the upper part of the second longitudinal sliding plate (12);

the power head support (15) comprises a support bottom plate (80), arc plates (74) and support connecting plates (76), wherein the number of the arc plates (74) is two, the arc plates (74) are symmetrically arranged on the front side and the rear side of the upper portion of the support bottom plate (80), the support connecting plates (76) are arranged on the left side of the upper portion of the support bottom plate (80), power head support fixing holes (70) are formed in the support bottom plate (80), mounting process openings (79) are formed in the support connecting plates (76), a plurality of arc-shaped T-shaped grooves (66) are formed in the arc plates (74), an arc-shaped T-shaped slide way (65) is arranged between the two arc-shaped T-shaped grooves (66) on the outer side, a slide way arc-shaped long hole (78) is formed in the middle of the arc-shaped T-shaped slide way (65) along the length direction, a T-shaped edge arc-shaped sliding block (73) is arranged in the arc-shaped T-shaped slide way (65), screw support mounting grooves (75) are formed between the upper parts of two arc-shaped plates (74), screw fixing supports (68) and deflection angle adjusting screws (67) are arranged in the screw support mounting grooves (75), the deflection angle adjusting screws (67) are fixed in the screw support mounting grooves (75) in a floating mode through the screw fixing supports (68), and the arc-shaped plates (74), the box-shaped cavity formed between the support connecting plate (76) and the support bottom plate (80) is horizontally provided with a deflection angle adjusting rod nut (77), the front end and the rear end of the deflection angle adjusting rod nut (77) are connected with T-shaped edge arc sliding blocks (73) positioned on two sides of the deflection angle adjusting rod nut through arc sliding block fixing bolts (72), the lower end of the deflection angle adjusting screw rod (67) penetrates through screw rod fixing supports (68) and then is in threaded fit with the middle of the deflection angle adjusting rod nut (77), fixing bolt holes (71) are formed in the T-shaped edge arc sliding blocks (73), a power head support (15) and a driving motor (14) are fixedly connected with the T-shaped edge arc sliding blocks (73) on two sides through two side fixing bolts (69) penetrating through the fixing bolt holes (71), the power head support (15) and the driving motor (14) are respectively fastened with arc-shaped T-shaped grooves (66) on two sides, and the support bottom plate (80) is fixed on the upper portion of a second longitudinal sliding plate (12) through bolts penetrating through the power head support fixing holes (70).

2. A numerical control machine tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the first transverse slide plate guide part (8-1) and the second transverse slide plate guide part (8-2) are transverse slide plate guide grooves, and the transverse slide plate guide grooves are V-shaped grooves; the bottom of horizontal slide (10) is provided with first V type horizontal slide guide rail (19) and second V type horizontal slide guide rail (21) of evagination, first V type horizontal slide guide rail (19) are located the front side of second V type horizontal slide guide rail (21), the upper portion of first V type horizontal slide guide rail (19) is provided with first slide and crosses oily through-hole (20), the upper portion of second V type horizontal slide guide rail (21) is provided with second slide and crosses oily through-hole (22), first V type horizontal slide guide rail (19) cooperatees with first horizontal slide guide part (8-1), second V type horizontal slide guide rail (21) cooperatees with second horizontal slide guide part (8-2).

3. A numerical control machine tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the first transverse slide plate guide part (8-1) and the second transverse slide plate guide part (8-2) are transverse slide plate linear guide rails and are respectively a first transverse slide plate linear guide rail and a second transverse slide plate linear guide rail, the first transverse slide plate linear guide rail is positioned at the front side of the second transverse slide plate linear guide rail, the linear rails (85) of the first transverse slide plate linear guide rail and the second transverse slide plate linear guide rail are respectively fixed at the top of the front side and the top of the rear side of the transverse slide plate guide rail (8) through bolts, the sliding blocks (86) of the first transverse slide plate linear guide rail and the second transverse slide plate linear guide rail are respectively fixed at the bottom of the front side and the bottom of the rear side of the transverse slide plate (10) through bolts, and the linear rails (85) are in sliding fit with the sliding blocks (86).

4. A numerical control machine tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tailstock rolling mechanism (34) comprises a rolling mechanism support (54), a needle bearing (57), a rolling mechanism shaft pin (53), a disc spring (55), a disc spring cushion cap (56) and a rolling mechanism adjusting bolt (35), wherein the disc spring cushion cap (56) is arranged on the upper portion of the rolling mechanism support (54), the disc spring (55) is formed by relatively stacking a plurality of disc spring leaves, the disc spring (55) is sleeved on an upper cylinder of the rolling mechanism support (54), the needle bearing (57) and the rolling mechanism shaft pin (53) are arranged in the lower portion of the rolling mechanism support (54), the needle bearing (57) is fixed with the rolling mechanism support (54) through the rolling mechanism shaft pin (53), the rolling mechanism adjusting bolt (35) is located above the disc spring cushion cap (56), and the rolling mechanism adjusting bolt (35) is in threaded connection with a tailstock body bottom plate (38).

5. A numerical control machine tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tailstock locking mechanism (33) comprises a T-shaped locking bolt (58), a locking cylinder body (59), a locking cylinder piston (61), a fastening nut (63) and a limiting bushing (64), wherein the locking cylinder piston (61) and the limiting bushing (64) are arranged in the locking cylinder body (59), the limiting bushing (64) is positioned below the locking cylinder piston (61), the upper part of the T-shaped locking bolt (58) sequentially penetrates through the bottom of the locking cylinder body (59) and the middle part of the locking cylinder piston (61), the fastening nut (63) is arranged on the upper part of the T-shaped locking bolt (58) and connects the locking cylinder piston (61) with the locking cylinder body (59), a locking cylinder oil cavity (60) is formed among the locking cylinder body (59), the locking cylinder piston (61), the limiting bushing (64) and the T-shaped locking cylinder piston (58), and the center of the upper part of the T-shaped locking bolt (58) is provided with an oil inlet and return interface (87) communicated with the locking cylinder oil cavity (60); the locking cylinder body (59) is arranged in the locking mechanism mounting hole (24), and the lower part of the T-shaped locking bolt (58) is matched with the step of the tailstock locking pressing plate (37).

6. A numerical control machine tool as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tail seat hydraulic cylinder (9) comprises a hydraulic cylinder cavity (30), a tail seat shaft sleeve (42), a dismounting ejector rod (46), a process sealing sleeve (43), a tail seat cylinder piston (47), a shaft sleeve locking nut (48) and a tail seat cylinder end cover (49), wherein the tail seat shaft sleeve (42) is axially arranged in the hydraulic cylinder cavity (30), the dismounting ejector rod (46) is axially arranged at the right center of the tail seat shaft sleeve (42), the tail seat shaft sleeve (42) is in sliding fit with the dismounting ejector rod (46), the process sealing sleeve (43) and the tail seat cylinder piston (47) are both arranged on the outer side of the tail seat shaft sleeve (42), the shaft sleeve locking nut (48) is arranged at the right end of the tail seat shaft sleeve (42) and fixes the tail seat shaft sleeve (42) and the tail seat cylinder piston (47) through the shaft sleeve locking nut (48), and the process sealing sleeve (43), the tail seat cylinder piston (47) and the shaft sleeve locking nut (48) are all arranged in the hydraulic cylinder cavity (30); the tail seat oil cylinder end cover (49) is arranged at the tail part of the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity (30) and is fixedly connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity (30) through a cylinder cover connecting bolt (88), the right end of the disassembly ejector rod (46) penetrates out of the tail seat oil cylinder end cover (49), the right end of the disassembly ejector rod (46) is provided with an ejector rod locking nut (50) and is used for fixing the disassembly ejector rod (46) and the tail seat oil cylinder end cover (49) through the ejector rod locking nut (50), and the hydraulic oil cylinder cavity (30) is arranged at the upper part of the tail seat body (5); the hydraulic cylinder comprises a tailstock cylinder end cover (49), a hydraulic cylinder cavity (30), a tailstock cylinder piston (47), a shaft sleeve lock nut (48), a tailstock shaft sleeve (42) and a disassembly ejector rod (46), wherein a jacking acting oil cavity (51) is formed among the hydraulic cylinder cavity (30), the tailstock shaft sleeve (42), a process seal sleeve (43) and the tailstock cylinder piston (47), a retreating acting oil cavity (45) is formed among the tailstock cylinder end cover (49), a jacking acting oil inlet (36) communicated with the jacking acting oil cavity (51) is arranged on the tailstock cylinder end cover (49), and a retreating acting oil inlet (44) communicated with the retreating acting oil cavity (45) is arranged on the hydraulic cylinder cavity (30); the tail seat is characterized in that a shaft sleeve positioning groove (39) is formed in the lower left side of the tail seat shaft sleeve (42), a positioning block mounting hole (40) is formed in the lower left end of the hydraulic cylinder cavity (30), a shaft sleeve positioning block (41) is arranged in the positioning block mounting hole (40), the shaft sleeve positioning block (41) can slide relative to the shaft sleeve positioning groove (39), and the tail seat center (32) is axially fixed to the left center of the tail seat shaft sleeve (42).