CN109221251A - 一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料及制备方法 - Google Patents
一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料及制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000011941 photocatalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- -1 Titanium alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 15
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- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 22
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- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
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- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO.CCCCO FPCJKVGGYOAWIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
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- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2,4-Hexadienoic acid, potassium salt (1:1), (2E,4E)- Chemical class [K+].CC=CC=CC([O-])=O CHHHXKFHOYLYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] ARUVKPQLZAKDPS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005150 glycerol Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002357 guanidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- YQXQWFASZYSARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].OC YQXQWFASZYSARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004302 potassium sorbate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940069338 potassium sorbate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010241 potassium sorbate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium(IV) isopropoxide Chemical compound CC(C)O[Ti](OC(C)C)(OC(C)C)OC(C)C VXUYXOFXAQZZMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical class [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims 1
- XICHKUZHYIMXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCCCCCCC)[Mg]C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(C)C Chemical compound C(CCCCCCCCCCC)[Mg]C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(C)C XICHKUZHYIMXSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000372132 Hydrometridae Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4] SOQBVABWOPYFQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
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- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WFJIVOKAWHGMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hexylbenzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound CCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1O WFJIVOKAWHGMBH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-erythro-ascorbic acid Natural products OCC1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O ZZZCUOFIHGPKAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M benzododecinium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 JBIROUFYLSSYDX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011806 microball Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/06—Unsaturated carboxylic acids or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/06—Aluminium; Calcium; Magnesium; Compounds thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
- A01N59/20—Copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8668—Removing organic compounds not provided for in B01D53/8603 - B01D53/8665
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8678—Removing components of undefined structure
- B01D53/8687—Organic components
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/20—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state
- B01J35/23—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their non-solid state in a colloidal state
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- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/39—Photocatalytic properties
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/396—Distribution of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/398—Egg yolk like
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20707—Titanium
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于客气净化的技术领域,提供了一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料及制备方法。该方法以钛醇盐为原料,利用溶胶‑凝胶法制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球,然后在表面包覆一层致密抗菌膜,最后在表面形成一层硅胶膜,制得壳核结构的杀菌光触媒材料。与传统方法相比,本发明的制备的高效杀菌光触媒材料,可利用硅胶的吸附性和二氧化钛的光催化作用,可以将空气中其他的有机物如甲醛等进行降解,达到高效净化空气的目的,同时形成的致密抗菌膜提高了材料抗菌杀菌的效果,综合性能优异,可广泛用于室内空气净化领域。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于空气净化的技术领域,提供了一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料及制备方法。
背景技术
随着人民生活品质的不断提高,人们对健康的要求也在不断的提高,同时环境、水质、空气污染日益严重,因此对于空气净化要求标准也越来越高,空气环境对人们的生活质量的影响不容忽视。空气是各类病菌传播的主要载体,人类所患疾病的半数以上与空气的污染有关。因此,空气净化已与每个人息息相关,越来越受到人们重视。
空气中的主要污染物有微量有机污染物、甲醛、苯、TVOC、亚硝酸盐及病原菌、病毒和病原微生物等,目前,被广泛采用的净化材料主要有光触媒、纳米吸附、负离子净化、臭氧消毒、多层过滤出尘、静电除尘、紫外线消毒、净离子群技术、活性炭净化、HEPA过滤法,其中,光触媒技术是国际上普遍认可的治理低浓度有机污染气体、消毒灭菌最有效的先进技术,它具有反应条件温和、经济和对细菌、病毒,及污染物全面处理的特点,因而广受欢迎。
光触媒空气净化是利用光触媒技术在某种特定情况下,通过一定能级光的照射后,利用产生的氧化能力极强的氢氧自由基,对空气中有毒有害物质进行讲解及杀灭多种微生物的一种净化技术,其关键因素为光催化剂的选择和应用。其中,二氧化钛光触媒材料因其无毒,具有高效的深度氧化性,可将室内空气中的甲醛、苯等有机污染物分解成无毒的二氧化碳和水,已广泛用于空气净化剂以及净化器中的滤芯材料。
目前国内外在空气净化技术,尤其是空气净化光触媒材料方面已取得了一定成效。其中汪品洋等人发明了一种二氧化钛光触媒为基材的空气净化材料及其制备方法(中国发明专利申请号201610066352.6),此发明以重量份计,其原料组成为:纳米二氧化钛30~40重量份、纳米级硅藻土20~35重量份、维生素C 2~5重量份、电气石15~20重量份、茶晶5~10重量份、粘结剂1~5重量份、分散剂0.5~1.5重量份,制备时,将各组分按照比例混合均匀;将混合均匀的物料放入有搅拌装置的加热釜中混合反应;注入成型模具中造粒定型;过筛;将制得颗粒进行干燥。另外,刘博等人发明了一种光触媒空气净化剂及其制备方法(中国发明专利申请号201610692465.7),由以下组分按重量份构成:纳米二氧化钛1~5重量份,分散剂0.6~1重量份,消泡剂0.3~0.7重量份,水溶性壳聚糖2~5重量份,去离子水88~96重量份;该产品在可见光下即可分解反应,不仅可以有效预防装修后甲醛的释放对人体健康造成危害,而且还有双重杀菌、抗菌作用。
可见,现有技术中的二氧化钛光触媒材料能够有效降解空气中的有机污染物,但却不能高效地杀灭空气中的细菌和病毒等物质,目前将各类杀菌物质与光触媒材料混合在一起使用的方法,通常采用机械式混合使用,细菌和病毒会在不含杀菌剂的空隙处滋生繁衍,往往起不到很好的杀菌效果,影响了进一步发展应用。
发明内容
针对这种情况,我们提出一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料及制备方法,不仅具有优异的吸附性和光催化性能,而且抗菌杀菌效果好。
为实现上述目的,本发明涉及的具体技术方案如下:
一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,以钛醇盐为原料,利用溶胶-凝胶法制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球,然后在表面包覆一层致密抗菌膜,最后在表面形成一层硅胶膜,制得壳核结构的杀菌光触媒材料,制备的具体步骤如下:
(1)将无水乙醇、冰醋酸、丙三醇和水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加钛醇盐,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下进行煅烧,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;
(2)将杀菌剂、表面活性剂、粘接剂和水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将步骤(1)制得的纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;
(3)将无水乙醇、冰醋酸、水混合均匀,然后加入正硅酸乙酯,加热到50~60℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入步骤(2)制得的包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
优选的,步骤(1)所述钛醇盐为钛酸四丁酯、钛酸四乙酯、异丙醇钛、甲醇钛中的一种。
优选的,步骤(1)所述煅烧的温度为500~600℃,时间为3~4h。
优选的,步骤(1)中各原料的重量份为,无水乙醇47~62重量份、冰醋酸4~7重量份、丙三醇8~12重量份、水14~18重量份、钛醇盐12~16重量份。
优选的,步骤(2)所述杀菌剂为无机杀菌剂、有机杀菌剂中的至少一种。
进一步优选的,无机杀菌剂为银粒子、高锰酸钾、硫酸铜、氢氧化钙中的至少一种。
进一步优选的,有机杀菌剂十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、山梨酸钾、胍盐类抗菌剂、壳聚糖及其衍生物类抗菌剂的至少一种。
优选的,步骤(2)所述表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、单甘脂、脂肪酸盐中的至少一种。
优选的,步骤(2)所述粘接剂为聚丙烯酸酯类粘接剂、聚氨酯类树脂的水乳液粘接剂、聚乙烯醇粘接剂中的至少一种。
优选的,步骤(2)中各原料的重量份为,杀菌剂10~16重量份、表面活性剂1~3重量份、粘接剂3~6重量份、水40~56重量份、纳米二氧化钛微球30~35重量份。
优选的,步骤(3)中各原料的重量份为,无水乙醇27~44重量份、冰醋酸4~8重量份、水12~16重量份、包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球30~34重量份、正硅酸乙酯10~15重量份。
本发明创造性地利用溶胶凝胶法制备得到以氮掺杂的二氧化钛微球,作为内核,以具有很强吸附性能的硅胶为最外层,在内外两层的中间镶嵌一层具有高效杀菌作用的致密抗菌膜,形成的壳核结构的杀菌光触媒材料不仅具有优异的光催化净化空气的能力,而且杀菌抗菌效果好。
本发明还提供了一种上述制备方法制备得到的室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。该高效杀菌光触媒材料是将无水乙醇、冰醋酸、丙三醇和水形成混合溶液,然后向该溶液中滴加钛醇盐,形成凝胶,然后低温干燥后,在氮气的氛围下煅烧,得到氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;将杀菌剂、表面活性剂、粘接剂和水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将上述的二氧化钛微球加入到该乳状液中,磁力搅拌均匀后,真空抽滤,并干燥,得到包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;将无水乙醇、冰醋酸、水混合均匀,然后加入正硅酸乙酯,加热到50~60℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
本发明提供了一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料及制备方法,与现有技术相比,其突出的特点和优异的效果在于:
1.本发明制备的高效杀菌光触媒材料,性能优异,可广泛用于室内空气净化领域。
2.本发明的制备方法,以氮掺杂的二氧化钛微球为内核,以具有很强吸附性能的硅胶为最外层,同时利用硅胶的吸附性和二氧化钛的光催化作用,可以将空气中其他的有机物如甲醛等进行降解,达到高效净化空气的目的。
3.本发明的制备方法,在内外两层的中间镶嵌一层具有高效杀菌作用的致密抗菌膜,该抗菌膜的存在可以全部拦截空气中的细菌和病毒,避免了将抗菌剂和其他物质机械混合而造成的缺陷,从而提高了抗菌杀菌的效果。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步的详细说明,但不应将此理解为本发明的范围仅限于以下的实例。在不脱离本发明上述方法思想的情况下,根据本领域普通技术知识和惯用手段做出的各种替换或变更,均应包含在本发明的范围内。
实施例1
将56kg无水乙醇、5kg冰醋酸、11kg丙三醇和15kg水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加13kg钛酸四丁酯,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下升温到560℃煅烧3.5h,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;将13kg银粒子、2kg十二烷基苯磺酸钠、5kg聚丙烯酸酯类粘接剂和47kg水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将33kg纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;将36kg无水乙醇、5kg冰醋酸、15kg水混合均匀,然后加入13kg正硅酸乙酯,加热到56℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶;然后加入31g包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
测试方法:
(1)24h甲醛去除率:取10g本发明制得的光触媒材料按照QB/T 2761-2006中标准进行甲醛去除试验,选用1.5m3环境测试舱进行测试,将配制好的甲醛污染源试剂放入其中,开启风扇使得舱内空气与甲醛混合均匀,采用甲醛浓度测试仪测得初始浓度,开启风扇并记录甲醛浓度,测试紫外光灯管照射下的24h后甲醛浓度,计算甲醛去除率;
(2)90min自然菌消亡率:取10g本发明制得的光触媒材料然后置于面积为18m2、高度为3m的试验室内,根据《消毒技术规范》规定的现场试验方法测定该消毒器对现场空气中自然菌的消亡率,Gm=(M0-M1)/M0×100%,式中:Gm为自然菌消亡率,M0为试验前培养皿中菌落数平均值,M1为试验90min后培养皿中菌落数平均值;
所得数据如表1所示。
实施例2
将62kg无水乙醇、4kg冰醋酸、8kg丙三醇和14kg水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加12kg钛酸四乙酯,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下升温到500℃煅烧4h,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;将10~16kg高锰酸钾、1kg单甘脂、3kg聚氨酯类树脂的水乳液粘接剂和56kg水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将30kg纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;将44kg无水乙醇、4kg冰醋酸、12kg水混合均匀,然后加入10kg正硅酸乙酯,加热到50℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入3kg包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
测试方法与实施例1一致,所得数据如表1所示。
实施例3
将58kg无水乙醇、5kg冰醋酸、9kg丙三醇和15kg水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加13kg异丙醇钛,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下升温到520℃煅烧4h,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;将12kg硫酸铜、1kg脂肪酸盐、4kg聚氨酯类树脂的水乳液粘接剂和52kg水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将31kg纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;将40kg无水乙醇、5kg冰醋酸、13kg水混合均匀,然后加入14kg正硅酸乙酯,加热到53℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入31kg包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
测试方法与实施例1一致,所得数据如表1所示。
实施例4
将47kg无水乙醇、7kg冰醋酸、12kg丙三醇和18kg水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加16kg甲醇钛,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下升温到600℃煅烧3h,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;将16kg氢氧化钙、3kg十二烷基苯磺酸钠、6kg聚丙烯酸酯类粘接剂和4kg水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将35kg纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;将27kg无水乙醇、8kg冰醋酸、16kg水混合均匀,然后加入15kg正硅酸乙酯,加热到60℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入34kg包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
测试方法与实施例1一致,所得数据如表1所示。
实施例5
将51kg无水乙醇、6kg冰醋酸、11kg丙三醇和17kg水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加15kg钛酸四丁酯,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下升温到580℃煅烧3h,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;将15kg山梨酸钾、2kg脂肪酸盐、5kg聚氨酯类树脂的水乳液粘接剂和44kg水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将34kg纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;将31kg无水乙醇、7kg冰醋酸、15kg水混合均匀,然后加入14kg正硅酸乙酯,加热到57℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入33kg包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
测试方法与实施例1一致,所得数据如表1所示。
实施例6
将54kg无水乙醇、6kg冰醋酸、10kg丙三醇和16kg水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加14kg钛酸四乙酯,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下升温到550℃煅烧3.5h,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;将13kg胍盐类抗菌剂、2kg单甘脂、4kg聚乙烯醇粘接剂和48kg水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将32kg纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;将36kg无水乙醇、6kg冰醋酸、14kg水混合均匀,然后加入12kg正硅酸乙酯,加热到55℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入32kg包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
测试方法与实施例1一致,所得数据如表1所示。
对比例1
光触媒材料制备过程中,未形成抗菌膜,其他制备条件与实施例6一致。
测试方法与实施例1一致,所得数据如表1所示。
对比例2
光触媒材料制备过程中,未形成硅胶膜,其他制备条件与实施例6一致。
测试方法与实施例1一致,所得数据如表1所示。
表1:
性能指标 | 24h甲醛去除率(%) | 90min自然菌消亡率(%) |
实施例1 | 99.4 | 99.5 |
实施例2 | 99.6 | 99.6 |
实施例3 | 99.3 | 99.4 |
实施例4 | 99.5 | 99.7 |
实施例5 | 99.6 | 99.5 |
实施例6 | 99.4 | 99.5 |
对比例1 | 95.2 | 56.3 |
对比例2 | 76.2 | 62.3 |
Claims (10)
1.一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于,以钛醇盐为原料,利用溶胶-凝胶法制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球,然后在表面包覆一层致密抗菌膜,最后在表面形成一层硅胶膜,制得壳核结构的杀菌光触媒材料,制备的具体步骤如下:
(1)将无水乙醇、冰醋酸、丙三醇和水搅拌均匀形成混合溶液,然后向混合溶液中滴加钛醇盐,形成凝胶,然后在低温干燥后,置于氮气氛围下进行煅烧,制得氮掺杂的纳米二氧化钛微球;
(2)将杀菌剂、表面活性剂、粘接剂和水混合形成乳状溶液,然后将步骤(1)制得的纳米二氧化钛微球加入到乳状溶液中,然后磁力搅拌均匀,再真空抽滤、干燥,制得包覆有一层致密抗菌膜的二氧化钛微球;
(3)将无水乙醇、冰醋酸、水混合均匀,然后加入正硅酸乙酯,加热到50~60℃进行水解反应,形成凝胶,然后加入步骤(2)制得的包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球,搅拌均匀,在纳米二氧化钛微球最外层形成一层硅胶膜,然后过滤,干燥,研磨,制得室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述钛醇盐为钛酸四丁酯、钛酸四乙酯、异丙醇钛、甲醇钛中的一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)所述煅烧的温度为500~600℃,时间为3~4h。
4.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中各原料的重量份为,无水乙醇47~62重量份、冰醋酸4~7重量份、丙三醇8~12重量份、水14~18重量份、钛醇盐12~16重量份。
5.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述杀菌剂为无机杀菌剂、有机杀菌剂中的至少一种,其中,无机杀菌剂为银粒子、高锰酸钾、硫酸铜、氢氧化钙中的至少一种,有机杀菌剂为十二烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、山梨酸钾、胍盐类抗菌剂、壳聚糖及其衍生物类抗菌剂的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述表面活性剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠、单甘脂、脂肪酸盐中的至少一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)所述粘接剂为聚丙烯酸酯类粘接剂、聚氨酯类树脂的水乳液粘接剂、聚乙烯醇粘接剂中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(2)中各原料的重量份为,杀菌剂10~16重量份、表面活性剂1~3重量份、粘接剂3~6重量份、水40~56重量份、纳米二氧化钛微球30~35重量份。
9.根据权利要求1所述一种室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中各原料的重量份为,无水乙醇27~44重量份、冰醋酸4~8重量份、水12~16重量份、包覆有一层抗菌膜的纳米二氧化钛微球30~34重量份、正硅酸乙酯10~15重量份。
10.权利要求1~9任一项所述制备方法制备得到的室内空气净化用高效杀菌光触媒材料。
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