CN109216944A

CN109216944A - A kind of small-sized multi-beam plate aerial

Info

Publication number: CN109216944A
Application number: CN201811085853.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏瑰; 周继华; 王将宏; 刘航; 赵涛; 唐先建; 钟志强; 殷志宏; 王翰墨; 杨鹏; 廖西斌; 刘中全; 胡丹耀; 徐德涛; 王韬
Original assignee: Chongqing Jinmei Communication Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Jinmei Communication Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-09-18
Filing date: 2018-09-18
Publication date: 2019-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2038-09-18
Also published as: CN109216944B

Abstract

The invention proposes a kind of small-sized multi-beam plate aerials, including a planar array and feeding network.Antenna shapes are plate, and upper layer is 3 × 3 planar arrays of 9 array element composition, and lower layer is feeding network, and feeding network includes four throw switch of hilted broadsword, double-pole four throw switch, two-way power splitter, three road power splitters, phase shifter, cable and control panel.Using the effect of switch selection and phase shifter, four array elements at each angle of planar array can form the wave beam of an off-normal, can form the wave beam of four off-normals altogether.The collective effect of four narrow beams realizes the space covering of wide range, and array element is multiplexed so that antenna area reduces 44%.

Description

A kind of small-sized multi-beam plate aerial

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of multi-beam antenna technology more particularly to a kind of switched beam antennas.

Background technique

The gain directional antenna inherent characteristic narrow due to wave beam is above subject to certain restrictions in application.On the one hand, narrow beam So that the coverage area of wireless network is smaller, covering larger range just needs multi-panel antenna and makes system complex.On the other hand Narrow beam is not easy antenna more to be directed at presumptive area, especially directional aerial when being located on motion platform；Although using watching Taking tracking system can solve this problem, but the volume of servo-system is big, cost is expensive, tracing control is complicated.

Switched beam antenna is a kind of simple realization mode of multibeam antenna, it is using microwave switch to multiple intrinsic Wave beam switches over use.After the simple superposition of multiple traditional antennas spatially, reuses microwave switch switching and use, it can To increase the coverage area of antenna beam, but the antenna overall dimension of this application model is larger.

Therefore, high-gain narrow beam is formed using the switched beam antenna of miniaturization, increasingly becomes polarizers of big angle scope and covers The high performance-price ratio means of lid.

Summary of the invention

The invention proposes a kind of small-sized multi-beam plate aerials, including a planar array and feeding network.Outside antenna Shape is plate, and upper layer is 3 × 3 planar arrays of nine array element composition, and lower layer is feeding network, and feeding network includes a hilted broadsword Four throw switches, a double-pole four throw switch, a two-way power splitter, a three road power splitters, two phase shifters and cable, control Plate.Using the effect of switch selection and phase shifter, four array elements at each angle of planar array can form the wave of an off-normal Beam can form the wave beam of four off-normals altogether.

Nine array elements are divided into three groups, and by three branches, each moment selects four array elements to participate in work, recycle function point Than the three road power splitters synthesis for 1:2:1, and except phase shifter in addition to three branches of design path length is identical, phase changing capacity phase Together.Center array element is the first branch, and each moment works.Four array elements, four throw switch of hilted broadsword on quadrangle, phase shifter 2 are Third branch, each moment select an array element job, and phase shifter phase is -2.Remaining four array element, double-pole four throw switch, Phase shifter 1 is second branch, and each moment selects two array element work, the phase shift after the synthesis of two-way power splitter, phase shifter phase For-.Finally, it realizes and has selected planar array wherein one jiao of four array elements, four array elements can be considered feed phase on oblique line The three alignment battle arrays that position gradually lags form the slant beam for being biased to the angle.

The method have the benefit that:

Microwave switch uses the selection of array element in big array, realizes four small arrays, is aided with the effect of phase shifter, can be formed Four inclination narrow beams, the collective effect of four wave beams realize wireless signal and cover in the space of wide range；Array element is multiple With making array element quantity be reduced to 9 from 16, antenna side length reduces 25%, and area reduces 44%.

Detailed description of the invention

Fig. 1, the principle of the present invention block diagram；

Fig. 2, array element selection and beam pattern；

Fig. 3, beam coverage area schematic diagram；

Fig. 4, wave beam combine coverage direction figure；

Fig. 5, wave beam combine coverage direction figure.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of small-sized multi-beam plate aerial proposed by the present invention, including a planar array and transmission network Network.Antenna shapes are plate, and upper layer is 3 × 3 planar arrays of nine array element composition, and lower layer is feeding network, feeding network packet Containing four throw switch of hilted broadsword, a double-pole four throw switch, a two-way power splitter, three road power splitters, two phase shifters And cable, control panel.Using the effect of switch selection and phase shifter, four array elements at each angle of planar array can form one partially Wave beam from normal can form the wave beam of four off-normals altogether.

One specific embodiment: array element spacing is 0.6 λ；=75 °, 2=150 °, f₀For center frequency.

Nine array elements are divided into three groups, select four array elements to participate in work by three branches each moment, recycle three tunnels Power splitter synthesis.The array element of center 1 is the first branch, and each moment works.2,3,4, No. 5 four array elements, double-pole four-throws are opened Pass, phase shifter 1 are second branch, and each moment selects two array elements work, and phase shifter phase is -75 °.On quadrangle 6,7,8, No. 9 four array elements, four throw switch of hilted broadsword, phase shifter 2 are third branch, and each moment selects an array element job, phase shifter phase Position is -150 °.Finally, it realizes and has selected planar array wherein one jiao of four array elements form small array, can be formed altogether four small Array.

1,2,3, No. 6 array element, current feed phase are followed successively by 0 °, -75 °, -75 °, -150 °, and feed amplitude is identical, the wave of formation Beam is tilted towards upper right side, covers first quartile region；

1,3,4, No. 7 array element, current feed phase are followed successively by 0 °, -75 °, -75 °, -150 °, and feed amplitude is identical, the wave beam court of formation Upper left side inclination, covers the second quadrant area；

1,4,5, No. 8 array element, current feed phase are followed successively by 0 °, -75 °, -75 °, -150 °, and feed amplitude is identical, the wave beam court of formation Lower left inclination, covers third quadrant region；

1,5,2, No. 9 array element, current feed phase are followed successively by 0 °, -75 °, -75 °, -150 °, and feed amplitude is identical, the wave beam court of formation Lower right inclination, covers fourth quadrant region.

As shown in Fig. 2, the small array of 1,2,3, No. 6 array element composition, wave beam is the axis pair that 3dB beam angle is about 40 ° Claim spindle, inclination angle is 19 °, and maximum simulated gain is 13.1dBi.The choosing principles of four small arrays are identical, four wave beams Consistency it is fine, only the direction at inclination angle is different.

As shown in figure 3, four ringlets indicate that four wave beams spatially respectively cover the region of a quadrant, great circle indicates four A wave beam collective effect spatially covers bigger region.

As shown in figure 4, wave beam exists=45 ° orJoint coverage direction figure on=135 ° of directions deviates aerial array method Within the scope of ± 32.5 ° of line, maximum simulated gain is 13.1dBi, and minimum simulated gain is 10.1dBi, simulated gain at normal For 10dBi.

As shown in figure 5, wave beam exists=0 ° orJoint coverage direction figure on=90 ° of directions deviates aerial array normal ± 32.5 ° within the scope of, maximum simulated gain is 11.7dBi, and minimum simulated gain is 8.7dBi, and simulated gain is at normal 10dBi。

Claims

1. a kind of small-sized multi-beam plate aerial, characterized in that 3 × 3 planar arrays and feed including a nine array elements composition Network, feeding network include four throw switch of hilted broadsword, double-pole four throw switch, two-way power splitter, three road power splitters, phase shifter 1, phase shift Device 2 each one and cable, control panel；Using the effect of switch selection and phase shifter, four array elements at each angle of planar array can The wave beam of an off-normal is formed, the wave beam of four off-normals can be formed altogether.

2. antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that phase-shift phase of the phase-shift phase of the phase shifter 2 than phase shifter 1 Greatly, and 2 times of relationships are not limited to.

3. antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the output work of three road power splitter point is than being 1:2:1.