CN109208107A - A kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109208107A CN109208107A CN201811035804.XA CN201811035804A CN109208107A CN 109208107 A CN109208107 A CN 109208107A CN 201811035804 A CN201811035804 A CN 201811035804A CN 109208107 A CN109208107 A CN 109208107A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/44—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/46—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyolefins
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibres and preparation method thereof, the preparation method of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber the following steps are included: the first step, raw material preparation, ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber be using average relative molecular mass 1,000,000 or more polyethylene as matrix resin, in order to guarantee that fiber has excellent comprehensive performance, using molecular weight 300-600 ten thousand polyethylene as basis material, the raw material of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber preparation include basis material powder or pellet and corresponding processing aid.Polyethylene fibre has excellent mechanical property, and the density of polyethylene fibre is 0.97g/cm3, only the 1/2 of 2/3 and high-modules carbon fibre of aramid fiber, and the axial tension performance of polyethylene fibre is higher, specific tensile strength is highest in existing high-performance fiber.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to polyethylene fibre technical field, specially a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre and its system
Preparation Method.
Background technique
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber, also known as high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fiber are current specific strength and Bi Mo in the world
Measure highest fiber, polyethylene institute spun fiber of the molecular weight 1,000,000~5,000,000.
Polyethylene fibre is as polyethylene through fibrous material obtained from melt spinning method spinning, including staple fiber and length
Silk, the mechanical strength of this fiber can be adjusted by spinning technology parameter, and wet strength and elongation are identical as dry state,
Polyethylene fibre has the advantages that intensity is high, and density is low, and insulating properties is good, but thermal bearing capacity is low and cold creep limits answering for it
With, mainly for the production of various industrial textiles, especially filter material, the products such as tarpaulin and mesh belt.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre and its preparation sides
Method.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre and
Preparation method, the preparation method of the ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber the following steps are included:
The preparation of the first step, raw material
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber be using average relative molecular mass 1,000,000 or more polyethylene as matrix resin,
In order to guarantee fiber have excellent comprehensive performance, using molecular weight 300-600 ten thousand polyethylene as basis material, superelevation
The raw material of molecular weight polyethylene fiber preparation include basis material powder or pellet and corresponding processing aid；
The stirring of second step, material
Corresponding basis material is put into processing aid and carries out adequately uniformly mixing in mixing plant, after the completion of stirring
To processing raw material accordingly；
Third step, spinning
Processing raw material of mixing is sent to progress spinning processing in spinning machine, and manifold is contained in the inside of spinning machine, leads to
The effect for crossing manifold carries out heat preservation to polyethylene raw material and temperature control is handled, uniformly by product distribution to corresponding spinning group
On part；
4th step, spinneret
The extruding of spinneret material will be cooperated to become strand from metering pump, by the effect of spinneret by the high polymer molten of viscous state
Or solution, it is transformed into the thread for having particular cross section shape by micropore, is solidified to form by setting medium such as air or coagulating bath
Strand；
5th step, extraction
Extraction is tried solvent extraction a large amount of in strand, is cemented out, and needs that corresponding extraction is added into strand in extraction process
Agent is taken, the displacement of solvent is realized by extractant；
6th step, drying
The dry drying equipment needed in spinning machine to be used, is carried out at drying by driving strand to enter in drying equipment
Extractant on viscous remaining strand is dispelled drying by being dried, strand is facilitated to carry out drawing operation by reason；
7th step, heating drawing-off
After strand drying, drawing-off processing is carried out by Spinning drafting machine, and pre-add heat treatment can be carried out to strand in drafting process,
Drawing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber process needs to take multistage drafting spinning, realizes polyethylene fiber by multistage drafting spinning
High-strength, the high module feature of dimension；
8th step, coiling and molding
Fiber needs after the completion of drawing-off are wound, and the fiber after drawing-off on corresponding reel, are made by winding
Obtain fiberizing.
Preferably, the metering pump by material extruding become strand, be to be realized by spinneret, the pore size of plate and
Planing surface shape is its important parameter, it plays a crucial role the molding of fiber and the quality of tensile property,
Temperature Matching at manifold and spinneret sprays the molten condition set temperature parameter of silk by observation.
Preferably, the spinning is to extracting in this workshop section, and strand constantly stretches at random, from the appearance point of view, by slightly becoming
Carefully, milky white to half by translucent, the tensility of silk is also gradually increased, and has some intensity, if in terms of the inside of silk, raw material
Molecular structure has no big variation, does not align between macromolecular, is still in disordered state, a large amount of between molecule
Solvent package is isolated, and strand cannot be formed, if strand can not form, silk has also been impossible to real intensity, and at this moment
Fibrous inside, actually as if a tubular type reticulate body, the molecule particles of polyethylene are among its pipe network, with fiber
Constantly stretch and attenuate, solvent is constantly precipitated, and the shape of pipe network is also by circle to length, by combing to close, between material molecule density by
Cumulative to add, the arrangement of macromolecular is also gradually changed from disturbance state to partial order state.
Preferably, the drying process control is got up actually more difficult, and it is improper slightly to grasp on technological temperature and tension, just
A large amount of and silk, stiff silk phenomenon can be generated, causes semi-finished product tow that can not continue to process, the assurance of drying temperature and dry length
It is its key point.
Preferably, in every level-one drafting process, intermolecular structure is all varied widely, with stretching, macromolecular
Between from unordered shape to orderly shape, align, crystallinity is also gradually increased therewith, only the macromolecular of fiber along fiber axial direction
The degree of orientation improve, macromolecular chain generate quantity just it is more, cohesive force is bigger, and the strength of fiber is naturally also higher, fiber
Crystallinity improve, initial modulus also improves naturally, and fiber extends smaller under the action of external force resistance, and deflection is also smaller.
Preferably, for the fiber in drafting process, drafting multiple is big as far as possible, and fiber to be allowed to have unexpected stretching to become
Change, just can more promote the orderly orientation and highly crystalline, the internal crystallization of fiber between macromolecular, be in the same of high-orientation formation
When, crystalline transition occurs, since the molecular weight of such fiber is higher, the effect of external force resistance is strong, can only take hot-drawn in production
Stretching process is just able to achieve high drafting so need to be furnished with higher draft temperature, and every level-one stretches, and temperature is different, be according to silk
Item is depending on the state in former process, without fixed number, but has within the temperature range that fiber itself can be born, production
In, 155 degree of Celsius temperature are usually no more than, the generation of hard silk and stiff silk is otherwise had.
Preferably, the requirement of the silk roll forming, silk cylinder without turned-down edge, without flash；Tow wants fixed length, fixed weight；So-called fixed length,
Fixed weight simply refers to the requirement to tow length, weight by no means, it be require all production processes must very normally,
Very stable, the fiber number of fiber only has uniformity always, could be ensured.
It has the beneficial effect that:
1, polyethylene fibre has excellent mechanical property, and the density of polyethylene fibre is 0.97g/cm3, only aramid fiber
2/3 and high-modules carbon fibre 1/2, and the axial tension performance of polyethylene fibre is higher, and specific tensile strength is existing high-performance
It is highest in fiber.
2, polyethylene fibre has excellent impact resistance, and polyethylene fibre is glass transition low thermoplasticity only
Fiber, toughness is fine, energy is absorbed in plastic history, and its load material still has under high strain-rate and low temperature
There is good mechanical property, shock resistance energy ratio carbon fiber, aramid fiber and general glass fibre load material are high, polyethylene fiber
The ratio of dimension composite material impacts 2-3 times that total absorption ENERGY E t/p is carbon, aramid fiber and E glass fibre respectively, shellproof energy ratio
The bulletproof ability of aramid fiber armor structure is 2-3 times high.
3, polyethylene fibre has molecularly oriented and the crystallization of height, and polyethylene fibre is dissolved with good solvent resistant
Performance, and polyethylene fibre also has superior wear-resisting property and good electrical isolation and light fastness.
Specific embodiment
Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained without making creative work
The every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of technical solution: a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre and preparation method thereof, superelevation
The preparation method of molecular weight polyethylene fiber the following steps are included:
The preparation of the first step, raw material
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber be using average relative molecular mass 1,000,000 or more polyethylene as matrix resin,
In order to guarantee fiber have excellent comprehensive performance, using molecular weight 300-600 ten thousand polyethylene as basis material, superelevation
The raw material of molecular weight polyethylene fiber preparation include basis material powder or pellet and corresponding processing aid；
The stirring of second step, material
Corresponding basis material is put into processing aid and carries out adequately uniformly mixing in mixing plant, after the completion of stirring
To processing raw material accordingly；
Third step, spinning
Processing raw material of mixing is sent to progress spinning processing in spinning machine, and manifold is contained in the inside of spinning machine, leads to
The effect for crossing manifold carries out heat preservation to polyethylene raw material and temperature control is handled, uniformly by product distribution to corresponding spinning group
On part；
4th step, spinneret
The extruding of spinneret material will be cooperated to become strand from metering pump, by the effect of spinneret by the high polymer molten of viscous state
Or solution, it is transformed into the thread for having particular cross section shape by micropore, is solidified to form by setting medium such as air or coagulating bath
Strand；Material extruding is become strand by metering pump, is to be realized by spinneret, the pore size and planing surface shape of plate are them
Important parameter, it plays a crucial role the molding of fiber and the quality of tensile property, manifold and spinneret
The Temperature Matching at place sprays the molten condition set temperature parameter of silk by observation；
5th step, extraction
Extraction is tried solvent extraction a large amount of in strand, is cemented out, and needs that corresponding extraction is added into strand in extraction process
Agent is taken, the displacement of solvent is realized by extractant；Spinning is to extracting in this workshop section, and strand constantly stretches at random, from appearance
On see, from the coarse to fine, by translucent milky white to half, the tensility of silk is also gradually increased, and has some intensity, if out of silk
Portion sees that the molecular structure of raw material has no big variation, does not align between macromolecular, is still in disordered state, molecule
Between by a large amount of solvent package be isolated, strand cannot be formed, if strand can not form, silk has also been impossible to really
Intensity, and fibrous inside at this moment, actually as if a tubular type reticulate body, the molecule particles of polyethylene its pipe network it
In, as the continuous stretching of fiber attenuates, solvent is constantly precipitated, and the shape of pipe network is also by circle to length, by comb to close, material point
Density gradually increases between son, and the arrangement of macromolecular is also gradually changed from disturbance state to partial order state；
6th step, drying
The dry drying equipment needed in spinning machine to be used, is carried out at drying by driving strand to enter in drying equipment
Extractant on viscous remaining strand is dispelled drying by being dried, strand is facilitated to carry out drawing operation by reason；Drying process control
It is actually more difficult to get up, and it is improper slightly to grasp on technological temperature and tension, will generate a large amount of and silk, stiff silk phenomenon, cause
Semi-finished product tow can not continue to process, and the assurance of drying temperature and dry length is its key point；
7th step, heating drawing-off
After strand drying, drawing-off processing is carried out by Spinning drafting machine, and pre-add heat treatment can be carried out to strand in drafting process,
Drawing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber process needs to take multistage drafting spinning, realizes polyethylene fiber by multistage drafting spinning
High-strength, the high module feature of dimension；In every level-one drafting process, intermolecular structure is all varied widely, with stretching, between macromolecular
It from unordered shape to orderly shape, aligns, crystallinity is also gradually increased therewith, only in the macromolecular of fiber along fiber axial direction
The degree of orientation improves, and the quantity that macromolecular chain generates is just more, and cohesive force is bigger, and the strength of fiber is naturally also higher, fiber
Crystallinity improves, and initial modulus also improves naturally, and for fiber under the action of external force resistance, elongation is smaller, and deflection is also smaller；Fiber
In drafting process, drafting multiple is big as far as possible, and fiber to be allowed to have unexpected stretching variation, just can more promote having between macromolecular
Sequence orientation and highly crystalline, the internal crystallization of fiber are crystalline transition to occur, due to this while high-orientation formation
The molecular weight of kind fiber is higher, and the effect of external force resistance is strong, heat stretching process can only be taken in production, so need to be furnished with higher drawing
Stretch temperature, be just able to achieve high drafting, every level-one stretches, and temperature is different, according to strand in the state in former process depending on,
There is no fixed number, but have within the temperature range that fiber itself can be born, in production, is usually no more than Celsius temperature 155
Otherwise degree has the generation of hard silk and stiff silk；
8th step, coiling and molding
Fiber needs after the completion of drawing-off are wound, and the fiber after drawing-off on corresponding reel, are made by winding
Obtain fiberizing；Silk roll forming requirement, silk cylinder without turned-down edge, without flash；Tow wants fixed length, fixed weight；So-called fixed length, fixed weight, certainly
It is not the requirement simply referred to tow length, weight, it is to require all production processes very normal, very stable,
The fiber number of fiber only has uniformity always, could be ensured.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used merely to a reality
Body or operation are distinguished with another entity or operation, are deposited without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation
In any actual relationship or order or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to
Non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements is not only wanted including those
Element, but also including other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment
Intrinsic element.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding
And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that: the superhigh molecular weight polyethylene
The preparation method of alkene fiber the following steps are included:
The preparation of the first step, raw material
Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene fiber be using average relative molecular mass 1,000,000 or more polyethylene as matrix resin,
In order to guarantee fiber have excellent comprehensive performance, using molecular weight 300-600 ten thousand polyethylene as basis material, superelevation
The raw material of molecular weight polyethylene fiber preparation include basis material powder or pellet and corresponding processing aid；
The stirring of second step, material
Corresponding basis material is put into processing aid and carries out adequately uniformly mixing in mixing plant, after the completion of stirring
To processing raw material accordingly；
Third step, spinning
Processing raw material of mixing is sent to progress spinning processing in spinning machine, and manifold is contained in the inside of spinning machine, leads to
The effect for crossing manifold carries out heat preservation to polyethylene raw material and temperature control is handled, uniformly by product distribution to corresponding spinning group
On part；
4th step, spinneret
The extruding of spinneret material will be cooperated to become strand from metering pump, by the effect of spinneret by the high polymer molten of viscous state
Or solution, it is transformed into the thread for having particular cross section shape by micropore, is solidified to form by setting medium such as air or coagulating bath
Strand；
5th step, extraction
Extraction is tried solvent extraction a large amount of in strand, is cemented out, and needs that corresponding extraction is added into strand in extraction process
Agent is taken, the displacement of solvent is realized by extractant；
6th step, drying
The dry drying equipment needed in spinning machine to be used, is carried out at drying by driving strand to enter in drying equipment
Extractant on viscous remaining strand is dispelled drying by being dried, strand is facilitated to carry out drawing operation by reason；
7th step, heating drawing-off
After strand drying, drawing-off processing is carried out by Spinning drafting machine, and pre-add heat treatment can be carried out to strand in drafting process,
Drawing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber process needs to take multistage drafting spinning, realizes polyethylene fiber by multistage drafting spinning
High-strength, the high module feature of dimension；
8th step, coiling and molding
Fiber needs after the completion of drawing-off are wound, and the fiber after drawing-off on corresponding reel, are made by winding
Obtain fiberizing.
2. a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:
Material extruding is become strand by the metering pump, is to be realized by spinneret, the pore size and planing surface shape of plate are them
Important parameter, it plays a crucial role the molding of fiber and the quality of tensile property, manifold and spinneret
The Temperature Matching at place sprays the molten condition set temperature parameter of silk by observation.
3. a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:
To extracting in this workshop section, strand constantly stretches at random for the spinning, from the appearance point of view, from the coarse to fine, by translucent to half
Milky white, the tensility of silk is also gradually increased, and has some intensity, if the molecular structure of raw material has no greatly in terms of the inside of silk
Variation, do not align between macromolecular, be still in disordered state, wrapped up and being isolated by a large amount of solvent between molecule
, strand cannot be formed, if strand can not form, silk has also been impossible to real intensity, and fibrous inside at this moment, real
A tubular type reticulate body is liked on border, the molecule particles of polyethylene are among its pipe network, as the continuous stretching of fiber attenuates,
Solvent is constantly precipitated, and the shape of pipe network is also by circle to length, and by combing to close, density is gradually increased between material molecule, macromolecular
Arrangement, also gradually changed from disturbance state to partial order state.
4. a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:
The assurance of drying temperature and dry length is its key point in the drying process.
5. a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:
In every level-one drafting process, intermolecular structure is all varied widely, with stretching, from unordered shape to orderly between macromolecular
Shape aligns, and crystallinity is also gradually increased therewith, only improves in the macromolecular of fiber along the degree of orientation of fiber axial direction, greatly
The quantity that strand generates is just more, and cohesive force is bigger, and the strength of fiber is naturally also higher, and the crystallinity of fiber improves, just
Beginning modulus also improves naturally, and for fiber under the action of external force resistance, elongation is smaller, and deflection is also smaller.
6. a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:
For the fiber in drafting process, drafting multiple is big as far as possible, and fiber to be allowed to have unexpected stretching variation, just can more promote to divide greatly
Orderly orientation and highly crystalline, the internal crystallization of fiber between son are that crystalline transition occurs while high-orientation formation
, since the molecular weight of such fiber is higher, the effect of external force resistance is strong, heat stretching process can only be taken in production, so need to match
There is higher draft temperature, be just able to achieve high drafting, every level-one stretches, and temperature is different, be according to strand in former process
State depending on, without fixed number, but have within the temperature range that fiber itself can be born, in production, be usually no more than
155 degree of Celsius temperature, otherwise have the generation of hard silk and stiff silk.
7. a kind of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene slit fibre according to claim 1 and preparation method thereof, it is characterised in that:
The requirement of the silk roll forming, silk cylinder without turned-down edge, without flash, tow wants fixed length, fixed weight；So-called fixed length, fixed weight, by no means simply
Requirement of the finger to tow length, weight, it is to require all production processes must very normal, very stable, the fibre of fiber
Degree only has uniformity always, could be ensured.
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| CN111826734A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-10-27 | 山东莱威新材料有限公司 | Hot drafting device and drafting method for producing ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers |
| CN114855293A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-08-05 | 首都博物馆 | Preparation method and application of special ultrahigh molecular polyethylene fiber material for cultural relics |
| CN114892346A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-08-12 | 山东莱威新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UD) fiber with strength greater than 39cN/dtex |
| CN118064991A (en) * | 2024-04-15 | 2024-05-24 | 烟台亮彩塑料科技有限公司 | Filament spun-bonded non-woven fabric equipment |
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Application publication date: 20190115 |