CN109207433A - 一株新型大肠杆菌h21噬菌体st32的分离鉴定 - Google Patents

一株新型大肠杆菌h21噬菌体st32的分离鉴定 Download PDF

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CN109207433A
CN109207433A CN201710536004.5A CN201710536004A CN109207433A CN 109207433 A CN109207433 A CN 109207433A CN 201710536004 A CN201710536004 A CN 201710536004A CN 109207433 A CN109207433 A CN 109207433A
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刘新春
刘红辉
李津青
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Abstract

本发明涉及用于去除病原性大肠杆菌的噬菌体ST32,属于生物工程领域。提供了一株新型烈性大肠杆菌噬菌体ST32(基因序列SEQ ID NO.1,GenBank Access no.MF044458),有二十面体的头部和短尾,头部直径约80nm,尾部长约120nm,且包裹有一段鞘。其DNA为环状双链结构,基因组长53,092 bp,预测有75个开放阅读框,全部在DNA负链上,ORF44预测为一段tRNA,另有36个ORF有相似的蛋白功能。该噬菌体可作为一种生物防控手段,用于污水处理系统及医疗等领域病原菌的去除。

Description

一株新型大肠杆菌H21噬菌体ST32的分离鉴定
技术领域
本发明涉及用于大肠杆菌H21的防控,属于生物工程领域。特别地,本发明涉及对从污水处理系统中的一株新型噬菌体ST32(基因序列SEQ ID NO.1,GenBank Access no.MF044458)的分离及基因组基本性质分析,尤其是其功能基因和蛋白的预测分析。
背景技术
随着抗生素在医疗和农业等领域的广泛应用,抗生素对环境产生了严重的负面影响,耐药性菌株早已得到重视。为了减少细菌耐药性的发生和传播,避免对人类健康造成危害,将噬菌体治疗作为抗生素治疗的辅助用品,甚至是抗生素的替代品,已受到越来越多的关注。尤其是噬菌体能够分泌裂解病原菌的溶菌酶。该酶由噬菌体基因组编码,以促进感染或破坏细菌细胞壁,能够使宿主细胞裂解,将病毒粒子的释放,因此,具有抗菌、消炎、抗病毒等作用。利用噬菌体编码产生的溶菌酶作为生物防治剂比噬菌体直接用药的药代动力学机制更简单、可控性更强。
与抗生素相比,噬菌体治疗具有特异性高、副作用少、低剂量使用等优点,特别是采用噬菌体疗法治疗因耐药性细菌引起的疾病具有替代作用。噬菌体治疗主要有单一噬菌体治疗、多种噬菌体共同治疗,及噬菌体与抗生素联合治疗的方式。目前,使用噬菌体在畜禽养殖、水产养殖和食品工业等方面去除病原菌做了较多研究,且取得了较好的成果。然而噬菌体的种类和数量是限制噬菌体治疗进一步发展的一个重要因素,因此分离和鉴定噬菌体来丰富噬菌体种库是十分必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:为噬菌体治疗和病原菌的防控提供一种可选择的基础材料,以此来丰富噬菌体种库,并进一步发展一种新型的生物防治手段。
本发明的另一目的在于:通过对噬菌体ST32的形态鉴定和全基因组测序,进一步深入挖掘功能基因和蛋白,为噬菌体治疗和生物防治提供一种或多种对病原菌具有裂解作用的酶类等,以此扩大宿主谱,有利于噬菌体应用的广泛性和有效性。
1.本发明中从污水处理系统中分离的新型烈性噬菌体ST32,其宿主为大肠杆菌H21,该噬菌体在双层平板上能产生透亮、边缘清晰的噬菌斑,噬菌斑直径在1-2毫米;透射电镜显示噬菌体ST32有二十面体的头部和长尾,头部直径约80nm,尾部长约120nm,且包裹有一段鞘。
2.根据权利要求1所述的该噬菌体ST32的DNA为环状双链结构,全基因组长53,092bp,预测有75个开放阅读框,全部在DNA负链上,ORF44预测为一段tRNA,另有36个ORF 有相似的蛋白功能。GenBank的录入号为“MF044458”。
3.根据权利要求1所述的该噬菌体对大肠杆菌H21具有强裂解效用,为工业化生产噬菌体及用于污水排放和污水回用中大肠杆菌的防治提供了噬菌体来源。
本发明的主要优点在于:根据本发明中的噬菌体ST32在裂解大肠杆菌H21的实验中表现出快速高效的裂解效用,可用于污水处理系统中大肠杆菌的爆发性状况的防治以及耐药性大肠杆菌的去除。
附图说明
图1噬菌体ST32的双层平板噬菌斑形态
图2噬菌体ST32透射电镜形态
图3噬菌体ST32基因组圈图
图4基于DNA聚合酶的噬菌体ST32基因组系统进化树
具体实施方式
以下的实施例只是作为举例说明目的,并且根据其修饰处理将是本领域技术人员能想起的,并且包括在本申请的精神和范围内和附加权利要求的范围内。本文引用的所有出版物、专利和专利申请是为了所有目的在此通过引用整体合并。除非另有说明,根据下述方法分离、处理且分析本发明的大肠杆菌噬菌体。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所做的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
本发明试验用噬菌体宿主菌大肠杆菌H21(ST130)由中国疾病预防与防控中心病原菌室提供,并由为本室保存。
本发明试验用LB培养液、培养基和PEGS000(购自Amresco公司);DNase、 RNaseA(Sigma公司);蛋白酶K(Amresco公司);0.22μm微孔滤膜(上海市新亚净化器件厂);氯仿、平衡饱和酚(北京鼎国生物技术有限公司)。
实施例1、噬菌体的分离纯化
本发明试验用污水样品为2017年3月采集于北京市某城市污水处理厂曝气池中作为分离噬菌体的水样。
取污水样品500mL,加入固体CaCl2至终浓度1mmol/L,3000g离心10min,以去除大的杂质,再用0.22μm微孔滤膜过滤除菌。取300ml滤液、300mL 2×LB培养液和宿主菌悬液15mL一并加入高压灭菌过的三角烧瓶内,37℃、120rpm振荡培养10h后,4℃下3000g 离心10min,取上清液100mL,加入100mL 2×LB培养液及相应宿主菌悬液5mL,置37℃摇床120rpm振荡培养12h后,4℃,5000g离心10min,上清液再经微孔滤膜(0.22μm)过滤,滤液即为拟含有相应宿主菌噬菌体的原液。采用双层平板法鉴定滤液中是否存有噬菌体,取上述原液经适当稀释后0.1mL加入宿主菌液0.1mL混匀,37℃静置15min后加入4mL冷却至47℃的0.7%LB半固体培养基,混匀后立即倒入LB固体培养基上,待其凝固后,37℃培养6-8h,观察有无噬菌斑长出。若有噬菌斑,则表明滤液中含有相应的噬菌体,反之,则表明为分离出相应噬菌体,需重新采样分离。
初次分离的噬菌体在双层平板上的噬菌斑,形态、大小常不一致,有待进一步纯化。在有噬菌斑的双层平板上挑取透明清晰的噬单一菌斑,浸置于含有1mL SM液的无菌管中,室温放置1h后4℃过夜,次日取0.1mL上述溶液经适当稀释后,与宿主菌悬液做双层平板。重复此步骤5-6次,直至双层平板中各噬菌斑的大小和形态基本一致(图1)。
实施例2、噬菌体的形态观察
取噬菌体悬液20μL滴于铜网上,待其自然沉淀10min后,用干燥滤纸从侧面吸干,晾置约1min后在铜网上加1滴1%醋酸双氧铀,染色2min,然后小心使用干燥滤纸从侧面将多余染剂吸干,避光自然晾置30min后,用透射电子显微镜(JEM-1400)观察。
透射电镜结果显示(图2),噬菌体ST32有二十面体的头部和长尾,头部直径约80nm,尾部长约120nm,且包裹有一段鞘,根据国际病毒分类学组织(ICTV)病毒分类第八次报告,可初步将该株噬菌体ST32归类为长尾噬菌体科。
实施例3、噬菌体基因组分析鉴定
噬菌体全基因组测序及分析:采用Illumina HiSeq 2500测序技术对样品的DNA进行测序,构建400bp文库。随后利用abyss v.1.3.6拼接软件对优化序列进行拼接,得到最优的组装结果。利用生物软件PHASTER对基因组的开放阅读框进行预测分析,并使用NCBIBlastp完成功能基因的初步注释,使用tRNAscan-SE(http://lowelab.ucsc.edu// tRNAscan-SE/)在线预测 tRNA,利用CGView Server软件(http://stothard.afns.ualberta.ca/cgview_server/index.html)完成全基因组圈图的绘制,基于全基因组数据利用MEGA 5.05软件构件系统进化树。噬菌体 ST32基因组序列已提交美国国立生物技术信息中心(NCBI)基因数据库(GenBank),录入号MF044458。
全基因组分析显示,噬菌体ST32的基因组为环状双链结构,全基因组长53,092bp,预测有75个开放阅读框(Open Reading Frame,ORF)(如表1和图3所示),全部在DNA负链上,ORF44预测为一段tRNA,另有36个ORF有相似的蛋白功能。基于DNA聚合酶的系统进化树分析显示(图4),噬菌体ST32与噬菌体phiEcoM-GJl(GenBank Accession EF460875.1) 的亲缘关系最近。
表1 噬菌体ST32开放阅读框的注释

Claims (3)

1.一株从污水处理系统中分离的新型烈性噬菌体ST32,其宿主为大肠杆菌H21,该噬菌体在双层平板上能产生透亮、边缘清晰的噬菌斑,噬菌斑直径在1-2毫米;透射电镜显示噬菌体ST32有二十面体的头部和短尾,头部直径约80nm,尾部长约120nm,且尾部有一段尾鞘。
2.根据权利要求1所述的该噬菌体ST32的全基因组大小为53,092bp,为环形双链结构,G+C%含量为44.14%,75个开放阅读框,在37546到37452之间有一段tRNA,位于负链上,该噬菌体在GenBank数据库的登录号为MF044458。
3.根据权利要求1所述的该噬菌体对大肠杆菌H21具有强裂解效用,为工业化生产噬菌体及用于污水排放和污水回用中大肠杆菌的防治提供了噬菌体来源。
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CN110907476A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-03-24 云南省地方病防治所 一种噬菌体透射电镜标本的制备方法
CN114438042A (zh) * 2022-02-25 2022-05-06 中国科学院大学 一株肉色诺卡氏菌噬菌体p3.2及其应用

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CN102994456A (zh) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-27 蔡志明 一种人工合成的s13噬菌体及其应用

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110907476A (zh) * 2019-11-14 2020-03-24 云南省地方病防治所 一种噬菌体透射电镜标本的制备方法
CN114438042A (zh) * 2022-02-25 2022-05-06 中国科学院大学 一株肉色诺卡氏菌噬菌体p3.2及其应用

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Application publication date: 20190115