CN109193879B - Method and device for charging large-scale linear transformer driving source with fault - Google Patents
Method and device for charging large-scale linear transformer driving source with fault Download PDFInfo
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- CN109193879B CN109193879B CN201811353022.0A CN201811353022A CN109193879B CN 109193879 B CN109193879 B CN 109193879B CN 201811353022 A CN201811353022 A CN 201811353022A CN 109193879 B CN109193879 B CN 109193879B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000321453 Paranthias colonus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for charging a large-scale linear transformer driving source with faults, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the large-scale linear transformer driving source is charged, detecting a charging loop of each LTD module in the large-scale linear transformer driving source, judging whether each LTD module has fault characteristic information, if one or more LTD modules have the fault characteristic information, disconnecting the charging loop of the fault LTD module, and keeping the normal LTD module continuously charged; when the switch self-breakdown or the capacitor insulation breakdown occurs in the charging process of the large-scale LTD device, the LTD module where the fault unit is located is detected, and a charging loop connected with the module is disconnected, so that the charging process of the rest LTD modules can be continuously completed, and the experimental efficiency of the device is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pulse power, in particular to a method and a device for charging a large-scale linear transformer driving source belt fault.
Background
The linear transformer driving source (Linear Transformer Driver, LTD) is a novel pulse power technology invented by Russian institute of High Current Electronics (HCEI), and the core idea is that: the energy storage capacitor with larger capacity is divided into a plurality of capacitors with smaller capacity which are connected in parallel, and each capacitor is provided with an independent switch to form a plurality of parallel basic discharge units. Because the discharge period of each basic discharge unit is shorter, the pulse with a fast front edge can be directly generated, and a huge and complex pulse compression network which is necessary for the traditional technology is not needed, so that the energy efficiency is higher. A certain number of basic discharge units are connected in parallel and annularly arranged to form an independent LTD module for generating larger current. A typical LTD module can output a high voltage in a secondary, inductively superimposed manner by series connection of a plurality of modules, the configuration of which is shown in fig. 1.
LTD technology is capable of directly generating fast-leading-edge pulses, and its modular and standardized design is very advantageous for large-scale applications, and has become the most promising technological approach for the design and construction of next-generation large-scale pulse power devices. For example, san Diego laboratories (Sandia National Laboratory, SNL) in the United states began in 2000 to work with HCEI, and the main project studied was the Z pinch driven inertial fusion energy (Z-IFE) program. The planned technical route is to realize inertial confinement fusion ignition by utilizing Z-pinch, and the long-term goal is to provide a commercial fusion power generation device with high efficiency, economy and cleanliness. In 2013, SNL proposed both Z300 (output current 49 MA) and Z800 (output current 64 MA) device conceptual designs, intended for fusion ignition and fusion energy research, both devices employing fast pulse LTD technology. In 2018, a conceptual design of an LTD driving source device having an output current of about 50MA was also proposed domestically.
Large scale LTD devices of tens of MA are typically composed of thousands of LTD modules connected in series-parallel, containing tens or even hundreds of thousands of switches and capacitors. For example: z300 consisted of 2970 modules (containing 5.94 tens of thousands of switches and 11.88 tens of thousands of capacitors) and Z800 consisted of 5400 modules (containing 16.2 tens of thousands of switches and 32.4 tens of thousands of capacitors). Such large-scale switches and capacitors are highly likely to suffer from small amounts of switch self-breakdown or capacitor dielectric breakdown during charging. At the current level of the probability of self-breakdown of the switch (-10) -4 ) It is calculated that each time the device is charged, at least 6 and 16 switches of Z300 and Z800, respectively, will fail in self-breakdown. Although the capacitor failure rate level is low, the large number of capacitors is necessarily subject to failure.
In the existing small-scale driving source device, once a switch self-breakdown or capacitor breakdown fault occurs in the charging process, the charging current is rapidly increased due to suddenly low fault loop impedance, and the charging power supply often performs automatic power-off protection operation for protecting the safety of the device, which means that the charging process fails. The most common approach to this problem is to reset the charging system and then re-perform the charging operation. Of course, for some permanent faults that do not automatically recover function, the fault needs to be repaired before the charging operation can be performed again. For a small-scale drive source device, since the number of switches and capacitors is relatively small, the chance of the occurrence of the above-described failure is also small at the same failure probability. However, for large-scale driving sources, especially LTD-based driving sources, the number of switches and capacitors is extremely large, and the faults can occur almost every time of charging, so that any experiment cannot be successfully performed without special measures or methods.
In summary, in the process of implementing the technical solution of the present invention, the present inventors have found that at least the following technical problems exist in the above technology:
large-scale linear transformer drive source (Linear Transformer Driver, LTD) devices typically comprise a large number (-10) 4 Even 10 5 ) The individual or partial switch self-breakdown or capacitor dielectric breakdown phenomena are very likely to occur during the charging process. Since the impedance of the failed basic discharge unit suddenly decreases, the charging current of the LTD module where the failed discharge unit is located increases sharply, and the charging currents of the remaining modules decrease sharply, so that the charging process of the large-scale driving source device cannot be continued, which means that the charging process of the whole device fails. And if the faulty cell is still continuously charged, the capacitor of the cell is liable to explode due to its concentrated consumption of charging energy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for charging a large-scale linear transformer driving source with faults, which can detect an LTD module where a fault unit is located when a switch self-breaks down or a capacitor dielectric breakdown occurs in the charging process of a large-scale LTD device, and disconnect a charging loop connected with the module, so that the rest LTD modules can continuously complete the charging process, and the experimental efficiency of the device is effectively improved.
In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a method for charging a large-scale linear transformer driving source belt with a fault, the method comprising:
when the large-scale linear transformer driving source is charged, detecting a charging loop of each LTD module in the large-scale linear transformer driving source, judging whether each LTD module has fault characteristic information, if one or more LTD modules have the fault characteristic information, disconnecting the charging loop of the fault LTD module, and keeping the normal LTD module continuously charged.
Further, a fault detection and isolation switch is arranged between each LTD module and the charging power supply, and when a certain LTD module breaks down in the charging process of the large-scale linear transformer driving source, the fault detection and isolation switch cuts off a charging loop connected with the fault module, so that other normal LTD modules can continuously complete the charging process.
Further, when the LTD module is charged simultaneously with positive and negative polarity, a fault detection and isolation switch is arranged between the positive and negative charging ends of the LTD module and the charging power supply, and the two fault detection and isolation switches corresponding to the same LTD module are linked.
Further, the LTD module failure includes: switching self-breakdown or capacitor dielectric breakdown occurs during charging of the LTD module.
Further, the fault characteristic information of the LTD module during charging includes: the charging voltage is abnormally decreased or the charging current is abnormally increased.
Further, the fault detection and isolation switch includes:
the device comprises an isolation diode, a circuit breaker, a charging voltage and charging current detection assembly, an electromagnetic valve, an energy discharging resistor and a controller; for positive polarity charging, the positive pole of the isolation diode is connected with the charging high-voltage input end, and the negative pole of the isolation diode is connected with the contact A of the disconnecting switch. For negative polarity charging, the negative electrode of the isolation diode is connected with the charging high-voltage input end, and the positive electrode of the isolation diode is connected with the contact A of the circuit breaker. The contact B of the circuit breaker is connected with one end of an energy discharging resistor, and the other end of the energy discharging resistor is grounded; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is arranged between the linkage rod and the LTD module; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with the linkage rod; in the normal charging process, the linkage rod is communicated with the contact A and disconnected with the contact B; when the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly detects that the LTD module has fault characteristic information, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to disconnect the linkage rod from the contact A and communicate the linkage rod with the contact B.
In another aspect, the present application further provides a device for charging a large-scale linear transformer driving source with a fault, the device including: the charging system comprises a plurality of fault detection and isolation switches, wherein each LTD module in a large-scale linear transformer driving source and a charging power supply are provided with the fault detection and isolation switches, and when one or more LTD modules fail in the charging process of the large-scale linear transformer driving source, the fault detection and isolation switches disconnect a charging loop connected with the fault module, so that other normal LTD modules can continuously complete the charging process.
Further, the fault detection and isolation switch includes:
the device comprises an isolation diode, a circuit breaker, a charging voltage and charging current detection assembly, an electromagnetic valve, an energy discharging resistor and a controller; for positive polarity charging, the positive pole of the isolation diode is connected with the charging high-voltage input end, and the negative pole of the isolation diode is connected with the contact A of the disconnecting switch. For negative polarity charging, the negative electrode of the isolation diode is connected with the charging high-voltage input end, and the positive electrode of the isolation diode is connected with the contact A of the circuit breaker. The contact B of the circuit breaker is connected with one end of an energy discharging resistor, and the other end of the energy discharging resistor is grounded; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is arranged between the linkage rod and the LTD module; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with the linkage rod; in the normal charging process, the linkage rod is communicated with the contact A and disconnected with the contact B; when the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly detects that the LTD module has fault characteristic information, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to disconnect the linkage rod from the contact A and communicate the linkage rod with the contact B.
One or more technical schemes provided by the application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
when the switch self-breakdown or the capacitor insulation breakdown occurs in the charging process of the large-scale LTD device, the LTD module where the fault unit is located is detected, and a charging loop connected with the module is disconnected, so that the charging process of the rest LTD modules can be continuously completed, and the experimental efficiency of the device is effectively improved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principle of the invention;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-module serial LTD device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a multi-module serial LTD device charging architecture with charge fault isolation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fault detection and isolation switch.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description. In addition, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflicting with each other.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than within the scope of the description, and the scope of the invention is therefore not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In a large LTD device, each LTD module comprises a plurality of switches and capacitors, and the whole device is composed of a plurality of LTD modules in series and parallel connection and comprises a large number of switches and capacitors. According to the current switch self-breakdown probability level (-10) -4 ) It is calculated that a switching self-breakdown fault occurs almost every time of charging, and any experiment cannot be performed without taking special measures or methods.
The invention provides a module-level charging fault isolation method and device, which can detect an LTD module where a fault unit is located by a fault detection and isolation switch when a switch self-breaks down or a capacitor dielectric breakdown occurs in the charging process of a large-scale LTD device, and disconnect a charging loop connected with the module, so that other modules can be normally charged until the charging process is completed, and the experimental efficiency of the device is effectively improved.
It should be noted that after the fault module is isolated, its energy will no longer contribute to the overall device. But based on the current switching self-breakdown probability level (-10) -4 ) Taking Z300 and Z800 as examples, if there are 6 and 16 switches, respectively, self-breakdown failure occurs, and it is assumed that the failed switches are located in different LTD modules, i.e., 6 and 16 modules, respectively, are isolated. Then its energy is only 0.2% (6/2970) and 0.3% (16/5400) of the total energy. This ratio is far less than the repeatability deviation ratio (±2%) required for physical experiments, and its effect is negligible. It is a more appropriate option to take charge fault isolation at the module level.
The invention provides a module-level charging fault isolation method, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a charging structure of an LTD device with fault isolation. A fault detection and isolation switch is arranged between each LTD module and the charging power supply. If each module is charged simultaneously with positive and negative polarity, one positive and negative sides are required to be respectively arranged, and two fault detection and isolation switches corresponding to the same LTD module are linked. When a switch self-breaks down or a capacitor dielectric breakdown occurs in a certain module in the charging process of the device, the fault detection and isolation switch can rapidly disconnect a charging loop connected with the fault module, so that other modules can continuously complete the charging process.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fault detection and isolation switch structure. The direct current high voltage provided by the charging power supply enters from the charging high voltage input end of the fault detection and isolation switch, and charges the capacitor in the LTD module after passing through the isolation diode (preventing the energy of the module from being reversely transferred to other modules), the circuit breaker (normally closed state in normal charging) and the charging voltage and current detection assembly. In the normal charging process, the linkage rod is communicated with the point A and disconnected with the point B. When the switch self-breakdown or the capacitor insulation breakdown occurs in the module, the charging voltage and current detection assembly (such as a direct current voltage divider, a high-voltage probe and the like; the current coil, a current differential coil, a Hall current sensor and the like) can detect abnormal fault characteristics (such as sudden decrease of the charging voltage or sudden increase of the charging current), related detection data can be transmitted to the controller (comprising a comparison circuit, a relay and other components), once the comparison circuit in the controller finds fault characteristic signals, the relay rapidly sends out instructions to open the relay, the relay further controls the electromagnetic valve to open (or close) a gas path, the cylinder piston rod controlled by the gas path moves the circuit breaking switch linkage rod from the point A to the point B (on one hand, high-voltage isolation is realized from the point A, and on the other hand, residual energy in the fault module is released to the ground through the energy discharging resistor), and finally the isolation of the fault module from the charging power supply is realized. The remaining non-failed LTD modules are hardly affected and will remain normally charged until the charging process is completed.
The invention provides a module-level charging fault isolation method and a module-level charging fault isolation device, which ensure that the charging process can be continuously completed when a small number of switch self-breakdown or capacitor insulation breakdown faults occur in a large-scale linear transformer driving source device, and improve the experimental efficiency of the device.
The invention designs the fault detection and isolation switch, can detect the LTD module where the fault unit is located, and disconnect the charging loop connected with the module, so that other modules can continuously complete the charging process. Meanwhile, the system also has the function of preventing the backflow of the module energy and the residual energy of the fault module from being discharged.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. It is therefore intended that the following claims be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A method for charging a large-scale linear variable voltage drive source with a fault, the method comprising:
when the large-scale linear transformer driving source is charged, each LTD module in the large-scale linear transformer driving source is charged
Detecting a charging loop, judging whether each LTD module has fault characteristic information, if one or more LTD modules have the fault characteristic information, disconnecting the charging loop of the fault LTD module, and keeping the normal LTD module to continue charging;
a fault detection and isolation switch is arranged between each LTD module and the charging power supply, and when a certain LTD module fails in the charging process of the large-scale linear transformer driving source, the fault detection and isolation switch disconnects a charging loop connected with the failed LTD module, so that the other normal LTD modules can continuously complete the charging process;
the fault detection and isolation switch comprises:
the device comprises an isolation diode, a circuit breaker, a charging voltage and charging current detection assembly, an electromagnetic valve, an energy discharging resistor and a controller; for positive polarity charging, the positive pole of the isolation diode is connected with the charging high-voltage input end, and the negative pole of the isolation diode is contacted with the disconnecting switch
The point A is connected; for negative polarity charging, the negative electrode of the isolation diode is connected with a charging high-voltage input end, and the positive electrode of the isolation diode is connected with a contact A of the circuit breaker; the contact B of the circuit breaker is connected with one end of an energy discharging resistor, and the other end of the energy discharging resistor is grounded; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is arranged between the linkage rod and the LTD module; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with the linkage rod; in the normal charging process, the linkage rod is communicated with the contact A and disconnected with the contact B; when the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly detects that the LTD module has fault characteristic information, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to disconnect the linkage rod from the contact A and communicate the linkage rod with the contact B.
2. The method for charging a large-scale linear variable voltage driving source with faults according to claim 1, wherein when the LTD modules are charged simultaneously with positive and negative polarities, a fault detection and isolation switch is arranged between the positive and negative charging ends of the LTD modules and the charging power supply, and the two fault detection and isolation switches corresponding to the same LTD module are linked.
3. The charging method for large-scale linear variable voltage drive source with fault according to claim 1, wherein the LTD module fault comprises: switching self-breakdown or capacitor dielectric breakdown occurs during charging of the LTD module.
4. The method for charging a large-scale linear variable voltage drive source belt fault according to claim 1, wherein the fault signature information at the time of charging the LTD module includes: the charging voltage is abnormally decreased or the charging current is abnormally increased.
5. A charging apparatus for large-scale linear variable voltage driving source belt failure, characterized by performing the method for large-scale linear variable voltage driving source belt failure charging according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising: the charging system comprises a plurality of fault detection and isolation switches, wherein each LTD module in a large-scale linear transformer driving source and a charging power supply are provided with the fault detection and isolation switches, and when one or more LTD modules fail in the charging process of the large-scale linear transformer driving source, the fault detection and isolation switches disconnect a charging loop connected with the fault module, so that the charging process of the other normal LTD modules can be continuously completed;
the fault detection and isolation switch comprises:
the device comprises an isolation diode, a circuit breaker, a charging voltage and charging current detection assembly, an electromagnetic valve, an energy discharging resistor and a controller; for positive polarity charging, the positive electrode of the isolation diode is connected with the charging high-voltage input end, and the negative electrode of the isolation diode is connected with a contact A of the circuit breaker; for negative polarity charging, the negative electrode of the isolation diode is connected with a charging high-voltage input end, and the positive electrode of the isolation diode is connected with a contact A of the circuit breaker; the contact B of the circuit breaker is connected with one end of an energy discharging resistor, and the other end of the energy discharging resistor is grounded; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is arranged between the linkage rod and the LTD module; the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly is connected with the controller, the controller is connected with the electromagnetic valve, and the electromagnetic valve is connected with the linkage rod; in the normal charging process, the linkage rod is communicated with the contact A and disconnected with the contact B; when the charging voltage and charging current detection assembly detects that the LTD module has fault characteristic information, the controller controls the electromagnetic valve to disconnect the linkage rod from the contact A and communicate the linkage rod with the contact B.
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| CN109669105B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-01-29 | 南京工业大学 | Semi-ring hook-carrying type symmetrical shunt sensor based on electromagnetic signals |
| CN110212755B (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2020-05-05 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Transmission line isolated form linear transformer driving source |
| CN113765201A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-07 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | Charging system and charging control method |
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