CN109188621B - Multimode optical fiber coupling system - Google Patents
Multimode optical fiber coupling system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109188621B CN109188621B CN201811156529.7A CN201811156529A CN109188621B CN 109188621 B CN109188621 B CN 109188621B CN 201811156529 A CN201811156529 A CN 201811156529A CN 109188621 B CN109188621 B CN 109188621B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
- G02B6/4204—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details the coupling comprising intermediate optical elements, e.g. lenses, holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
- G02B6/4296—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with sources of high radiant energy, e.g. high power lasers, high temperature light sources
Abstract
A multimode fiber coupling system belongs to the technical field of illumination. The system comprises a laser light source, a coupling lens and a multimode optical fiber; the coupling lens is arranged between the laser light source and the multimode optical fiber, and an optical fiber collimator is arranged at one end of the multimode optical fiber, which is connected with the coupling lens; at least one of the light inlet end and the light outlet end of the coupling lens is provided with a free curved surface, and the light inlet end or the light outlet end is provided with at least one free curved surface when being provided with the free curved surface, so that light rays with different angles emitted by a laser light source are coupled into the optical fiber collimator of the multimode optical fiber through the coupling lens; the light rays entering the optical fiber collimator are coupled into the multimode optical fiber and converged into a focal line at the central axis of the fiber core. The invention is suitable for high-power laser illumination of long-distance transmission, utilizes the coupling lens and the optical fiber collimator of the multimode optical fiber, improves the upper limit of the power of optical fiber coupling transmission, and solves the problems of high alignment precision requirement, high packaging cost and low coupling efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of illumination, in particular to a multimode fiber coupling system for illumination.
Background
At present, the optical fiber communication technology is basically mature in the communication technology field, and the application of optical fiber light guiding to illumination is a new development of the optical fiber light guiding technology. The optical fiber light guide illumination is a photoelectric separated light guide illumination mode, and the output end of the optical fiber light guide illumination is not provided with any electrical equipment, so that the optical fiber light guide illumination is also a safe light source in places with fire danger and explosive gases. The existing optical fiber light guide illumination is applied to some low-power decorative illumination, signal lamps and endoscopes, and a lot of difficulties exist in the field of high-power illumination, so that the large-scale popularization is difficult.
The existing coupling lens system applied to light guide illumination comprises an LED light source, a plastic optical fiber and a coupling lens. The LED light source has a large light emitting angle, and the part of the light emitted by the LED light source close to the main optical axis is slightly converged by a coupling lens (generally a simple convex lens) and then is transmitted on the end face of the optical fiber, so that the light meeting the numerical aperture is coupled into the optical fiber and is transmitted in a total reflection mode. The coupling lens system has the following technical problems:
1. the LED light source has large light-emitting area (square millimeter magnitude), large divergence angle (180 degrees by 90 degrees), and low energy density of a unit space angle; the diameter of the plastic optical fiber is 1-5 mm, and compared with an LED light source, the diameter of the optical fiber is small; the angle actually controlled by a typical coupling lens is very small. For this purpose, light from the LED light source, mainly a portion of the light near the main optical axis, can be coupled into the optical fiber. If the light-emitting characteristics of the LED light source are met and the coupling efficiency is improved, the diameter of the optical fiber needs to be increased, and the cost of the optical fiber is multiplied along with the increase of the diameter.
2. The surface of a general coupling lens is mostly spherical, and the spherical lens can converge light rays with different angles into a focus, so that an energy single point is concentrated on an optical fiber, and the optical fiber is easy to burn and melt due to overhigh energy of the single point. In addition, the material of the plastic optical fiber has poor temperature resistance, and the plastic optical fiber is easier to melt.
3. The plastic optical fiber end face is difficult to process, once the angle deviation of the end face or the surface smoothness is not enough, a large amount of optical fiber scattering is caused on the end face, and the coupling efficiency is low.
4. The transmission loss of the plastic optical fiber is too large, the imported optical fiber is about 150Db/km, the domestic optical fiber is about 250Db/km, the light cannot be transmitted in the optical fiber at short distance with high transmission efficiency and low cost, and the light cannot be transmitted at long distance, and the plastic optical fiber can meet the requirements of high transmission efficiency and low cost during long-distance transmission.
Utility model patent CN205137223 discloses a laser electroless lighting system to specifically disclose the system and include blue light LD, coupling mirror, focusing mirror, fiber coupling head, optic fibre. Laser emitted by the blue-ray LD has a certain divergence angle, needs to be coupled and transmitted for beam-receiving collimation, then converges collimated laser beams into an optical fiber coupling head by using a focusing lens, and is coupled into an optical fiber through the optical fiber coupling head. Although the system adopts the blue LD to solve the problems caused by the light emitting characteristics of the LED light source, the system still has the following problems: firstly, the lens used by the system adopts a spherical mirror and a traditional convex lens, has higher requirements on the outgoing light divergence angle of a semiconductor laser, and can achieve the required effect only by adding the lens to a special-shaped laser light source, so that the special-shaped laser light source can be used from a laser diode only for laser which is subjected to one-time packaging and collimation; the laser diode which is subjected to primary packaging and collimation has the defect of low actual light-emitting photoelectric conversion efficiency; in addition, the light is converged into a focus through the spherical mirror, so that the energy on the optical fiber is not uniformly dispersed, and the upper limit of the power of optical fiber coupling transmission is reduced. Secondly, the system needs extremely high alignment precision of a light source, a lens and an optical fiber spindle, and the packaging cost is high. Then, the diameter of the optical fiber adopted by the system is large, the cost of the optical fiber is high, and the engineering construction requirement is high; and the optical fiber has larger power-off coupling loss, and if a plurality of breakpoints occur in the line, the whole line needs to be laid again, so that the maintenance cost is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a multimode fiber coupling system which has high coupling efficiency, high reliability and high transmission efficiency and is suitable for long-distance transmission.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a multimode fiber coupling system, which comprises a laser light source, a coupling lens and multimode fibers; the coupling lens is arranged between the laser light source and the multimode optical fiber, and an optical fiber collimator is arranged at one end of the multimode optical fiber, which is connected with the coupling lens; at least one of the light inlet end and the light outlet end of the coupling lens is provided with a free curved surface, and the light inlet end or the light outlet end is provided with at least one free curved surface when being provided with the free curved surface, so that light rays with different angles emitted by a laser light source are coupled into the optical fiber collimator of the multimode optical fiber through the coupling lens; the light rays entering the optical fiber collimator are coupled into the multimode optical fiber and converged into a focal line at the central axis of the fiber core.
Preferably, the coupling lens is a single coupling lens constituted by at least one free-form surface and at least one auxiliary surface.
Preferably, the coupling lens is designed to satisfy a non-imaging optical method and the following equation set:
wherein
Is a light distribution curve of a special-shaped light source,
representing a spatial angular parameter of the light emitting surface hemisphere of the light source,
is the energy distribution of the object and,
the position of the target point in space is determined,
the optical operator is represented by an optical operator,
respectively, the refractive index and the free-form surface.
Represents the mapping relation between the target energy distribution and the light source light distribution curve and meets the requirement
Alignment of the main optical axes in coincidence relation
Constraints on the conservation of energy relationship;
according to the abnormal-shape direction mapping relation, one of ODE, a cutting method, a streamline method and an SMS method in non-imaging optics is selected to obtain an abnormal-shape characteristic curve;
Preferably, the laser light source is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.
Preferably, the laser light source light type is a fast-slow axis beam type.
Preferably, the multimode optical fiber is one of fiber cores with diameters of 50um, 62.5um and 100 um.
Preferably, the refractive index of the multimode optical fiber is stepped or gradient.
Preferably, the optical fiber collimator is an optical fiber collimator with a C-lens or G-lens focusing lens.
Preferably, the coupling lens and the optical fiber collimator of the laser light source are aligned along a central optical axis and then fixedly connected and packaged by a clamp.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the multimode optical fiber coupling system, the laser light source is used for replacing an LED light source, so that the problem of low coupling efficiency caused by the light emitting characteristic of the LED light source is solved; the coupling lens with a free-form surface structure and the optical fiber collimator are used for enabling light emitted by the light source to be uniformly focused on the optical fiber in a focal line mode, so that the phenomenon that the upper limit of power of optical fiber coupling transmission is reduced due to uneven energy distribution in the optical fiber is avoided; the optical fiber collimator is used for reducing the alignment precision requirement of the system, and the multimode optical fiber is used for better improving the reliability of the optical fiber. The system is suitable for high-power light guide illumination of long-distance transmission, solves the problems of high alignment precision, high packaging cost and high maintenance cost of the conventional coupling system, and improves the coupling efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multimode fiber coupling system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a package structure of a multimode fiber coupling system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Fig. 1 shows a multimode fiber coupling system of the invention, which comprises a laser light source 1, a coupling lens 2 and a multimode fiber 4. The coupling lens 2 is arranged between the laser light source 1 and the multimode optical fiber 4. The laser light source 1, the coupling lens 2 and the multimode optical fiber 4 are connected through an optical path. And an optical fiber collimator 3 is arranged at one end of the multimode optical fiber 4 connected with the coupling lens 2. Light rays with different angles emitted by the laser light source are coupled into the optical fiber collimator 3 of the multimode optical fiber 4 through the coupling lens 2. The optical fiber collimator 3 couples the light entering the optical fiber collimator 3 into a multimode optical fiber 4.
Light rays with different angles emitted by the laser light source are coupled into the optical fiber collimator of the multimode optical fiber through the coupling lens, and the light rays entering the optical fiber collimator are coupled into the multimode optical fiber and converged into a focal line at the central axis of the fiber core.
The laser light source 1 may be a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser. The light type of the laser light source is a fast-slow axis special-shaped light type. The laser light source has the advantages of small light-emitting area (100 square micron magnitude), small divergence angle (fast axis 30-60 degrees, slow axis 6-15 degrees), and high energy density. Compared with an LED light source, the light emitted by the laser light source can be effectively coupled into the optical fiber, and the coupling efficiency is high.
At least one of the light inlet end and the light outlet end of the coupling lens 2 has a free-form surface, and when any one of the light inlet end and the light outlet end has a free-form surface, the coupling lens has at least one free-form surface. Fig. 1 and 2 show that the light input end 21 and the light output end 22 respectively have a free-form surface, which is only an example and not limited thereto. The light-emitting device also comprises a light-in end which is provided with a free-form surface and a light-out end which is a plane; or vice versa; the light source also comprises the condition that the light inlet end or the light outlet end is provided with more than one free-form surface. The coupling lens design flow is as follows:
wherein
Is a light distribution curve of a special-shaped light source,
representing a spatial angular parameter of the light emitting surface hemisphere of the light source,
is the energy distribution of the object and,
the position of the target point in space is determined,
the optical operator is represented by an optical operator,
respectively, the refractive index and the free-form surface.
Representing target energyThe mapping relation between the quantity distribution and the light distribution curve of the light source meets the alignment coincidence relation of the main optical axis
Constraints on the conservation of energy relationship;
according to the abnormal-shape direction mapping relation, one of ODE, a cutting method, a streamline method and an SMS method in non-imaging optics is selected to obtain an abnormal-shape characteristic curve;
Taking the case shown in fig. 1 and 2 as an example, the coupling lens is a single coupling lens composed of at least one free-form surface and at least one auxiliary surface. The light input end 21 and the light output end 22 each have a free-form surface. And determining a light distribution curve of the special-shaped light source, and then acquiring free curved surfaces of the light inlet end and the light outlet end.
The light inlet end free-form surface is obtained by adopting a non-imaging optical design method, such as ODE (optical distribution equipment), a cutting method, a streamline method and SMS (short message service), obtaining two single-dimensional optical surface characteristic curves of the light inlet end according to light rays of the light outlet edge in the horizontal axis direction and the vertical axis direction of a light source, and then combining the two single-dimensional optical surface characteristic curves in a tensor product mode;
the coupling lens with the free-form surface structure obtained by the method can couple light rays emitted by the laser light source into the optical fiber collimator at a certain angle and then into the multimode optical fiber through the focusing lens. Different from the focus formed by collimation coupling, the focusing lens couples light rays with different angles into the multimode optical fiber and converges the light rays into a plurality of focuses simultaneously, and the different focuses are connected into a focal line, so that the energy is uniformly distributed in the optical fiber, and the upper limit of the power of optical fiber coupling transmission is improved. The coupling lens adopts optical glass, so that the precision is high and the light transmittance is high.
The multimode optical fiber 4 is made of common quartz glass, the core diameter of the optical fiber is more than 50/62.5/100 mu m, a single optical fiber can bear 50W of power, and the transmission loss is low and is generally about 10-30 dB/km. The refractive index of the multimode fiber is step type or gradient type.
The multimode optical fiber 4 has one end for connecting with the coupling lens 2 to couple light into the optical fiber and the other end for connecting with a lamp cap. The laser light source 1, the coupling lens 2 and the optical fiber collimator 3 are fixedly connected and packaged through a clamp after being aligned along a central optical axis. The coupling lens 2 is connected with the multimode optical fiber 4 through an optical fiber collimator 3. The multimode optical fiber 4 is an optical fiber with a fiber collimator. Preferably, the fiber collimator is a fiber collimator with a C-lens or G-lens focusing lens. The existing optical fiber collimator 3 is designed for optical fiber alignment of multimode optical fibers, and the detachable optical fiber collimator 3 is directly connected between the multimode optical fibers 4 and the coupling lens 2, so that the precision requirement of coupling alignment is reduced, and the connection is simpler and more convenient.
Fig. 2 shows a package structure of a multimode fiber coupling system according to the present invention, and the package structure of the present invention is not limited thereto, and is described and illustrated only by way of example in fig. 2. A multimode fiber coupling system is packaged by a system fixing and positioning fastener, and a system fixing and positioning fastener 5 comprises a first positioning fastener 51 and a second positioning fastener 52. The first positioning fastener 51 is used for fixing the laser light source 1 and the coupling lens 2 and positioning the main shaft of the alignment system, and the second positioning fastener 52 is used for fixing the coupling lens 2 and the optical fiber collimator 3 and positioning the main shaft of the alignment system. The first positioning fastener 51 is connected with the first positioning fastener 52 and fixes and positions the coupling lens 2. The optical fiber collimator 3 is used for connecting the multimode optical fiber and the coupling lens, and the packaging structure is combined, so that the alignment can be simply, conveniently and accurately realized, the packaging is simple and convenient, and the cost is low.
Example 1: the laser light source is a semiconductor laser, the laser light source 1 emits special-shaped light emitting shapes, light beams in the horizontal axis direction are diffused, and light beams in the vertical axis direction are converged. The multimode optical fiber 4 is a multimode optical fiber having a core diameter of 62.5 μm. The multimode fiber collimator 3 adopts a C-lens fiber collimator. The method adopts a design method of combining ODE and SMS in a non-imaging design method to obtain two single-dimensional optical curved surface characteristic curves of the light inlet end according to light emitting edge rays of the light source in the horizontal axis direction and the vertical axis direction, and then the characteristic curves are combined into a free curved surface 21 of the light inlet end by utilizing a tensor product mode. Two single-dimensional optical curved surface characteristic curves of the light-emitting end are obtained by the same method according to the light-emitting edge light rays in the horizontal axis and vertical axis directions of the light source, and then the characteristic curves are combined into the free-form surface 22 of the light-emitting end by means of tensor products. Under the multimode fiber coupling system, light rays with different angles are converged into a focal line in the fiber, and the transmission loss is 10-30 dB/km.
Example 2: the laser light source is a semiconductor laser, the laser light source 1 emits special-shaped light emitting shapes, light beams in the horizontal axis direction are diffused, and light beams in the vertical axis direction are converged. The multimode optical fiber 4 is a multimode optical fiber having a core diameter of 62.5 μm. The optical fiber collimator 3 adopts a G-lens optical fiber collimator.
The method adopts a design method of combining ODE and SMS in a non-imaging design method to obtain two single-dimensional optical curved surface characteristic curves of the light inlet end according to light emitting edge rays of the light source in the horizontal axis direction and the vertical axis direction, and then the characteristic curves are combined into a free curved surface 21 of the light inlet end by utilizing a tensor product mode. Two single-dimensional optical curved surface characteristic curves of the light-emitting end are obtained by the same method according to the light-emitting edge light rays in the horizontal axis and vertical axis directions of the light source, and then the characteristic curves are combined into the free-form surface 22 of the light-emitting end by means of tensor products. Under the multimode fiber coupling system, light rays with different angles are converged into a focal line in the fiber, and the transmission loss is 10-30 dB/km.
The system of the invention is suitable for long-distance transmission, especially for long-distance transmission more than 100 meters, and has the advantages of low transmission loss and low cost.
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments of the invention described above and shown in the drawings are given by way of example only and are not limiting of the invention. The objects of the present invention have been fully and effectively accomplished. The functional and structural principles of the present invention have been shown and described in the examples, and any variations or modifications of the embodiments of the present invention may be made without departing from the principles.
Claims (7)
1. A multimode fiber coupling system is characterized by comprising a laser light source, a coupling lens and a multimode fiber; the coupling lens is arranged between the laser light source and the multimode optical fiber, and an optical fiber collimator is arranged at one end of the multimode optical fiber, which is connected with the coupling lens; at least one of the light inlet end and the light outlet end of the coupling lens is provided with a free curved surface, and the light inlet end or the light outlet end is provided with at least one free curved surface when being provided with the free curved surface, so that light rays with different angles emitted by a laser light source are collimated and coupled by the coupling lens to enter the optical fiber collimator of the multimode optical fiber; the light entering the optical fiber collimator is coupled into a multimode optical fiber and converged into a focal line at the central axis of the fiber core, the coupling lens is a single coupling lens consisting of at least one free-form surface and at least one auxiliary surface, and the coupling lens is designed by satisfying a non-imaging optical method and the following equation set:
wherein
Is a light distribution curve of a special-shaped light source,
representing a spatial angular parameter of the light emitting surface hemisphere of the light source,
is the energy distribution of the object and,
the position of the target point in space is determined,
the optical operator is represented by an optical operator,
respectively representing a refractive index and a free-form surface;
represents the mapping relation between the target energy distribution and the light source light distribution curve and meets the requirement
Alignment of the main optical axes in coincidence relation
Constraints on the conservation of energy relationship;
according to the abnormal-shape direction mapping relation, one of ODE, a cutting method, a streamline method and an SMS method in non-imaging optics is selected to obtain an abnormal-shape characteristic curve;
free-form surface is constructed and generated according to heterotype characteristic curve and tensor product method
。
2. The multimode fiber coupling system of claim 1, wherein the laser source is a semiconductor laser or a fiber laser.
3. The multimode fiber coupling system of claim 2, wherein the laser source light pattern is a fast-slow axis beam-shaping light pattern.
4. A multimode fiber coupling system according to claim 1, wherein said multimode fiber is one of core diameters 50um, 62.5um, 100 um.
5. A multimode fiber coupling system according to claim 4, wherein said multimode fiber refractive index is stepped or graded.
6. A multimode fiber coupling system according to claim 4, wherein said fiber collimator is a C-lens or G-lens fiber collimator that has been optimized for the light source wavelength.
7. The multimode fiber coupling system of claim 1, wherein the laser source, the coupling lens and the fiber collimator are fixedly connected to a package by a fixture after being aligned along a central optical axis.
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| CN110594700B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江光塔安全科技有限公司 | Laser light emitting device |
| CN112379483B (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2022-07-05 | 北京航天控制仪器研究所 | Large-view-field high-efficiency optical fiber coupling system |
| CN114397759A (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2022-04-26 | 天津凌视科技有限公司 | Passive laser homogenizing device and flow type microscopic high-speed imaging system |
| CN114839721B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-12-05 | 苏州苏驼通信科技股份有限公司 | Light coupling adapter, method and device and electronic equipment |
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| US20060056762A1 (en) * | 2003-07-02 | 2006-03-16 | Honeywell International Inc. | Lens optical coupler |
| CN101566710B (en) * | 2008-04-23 | 2011-01-12 | 一品光学工业股份有限公司 | Aspheric fiber coupling lens |
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Address after: Room E-405-406, No. 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan Economic and Technological Development Zone, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 311215 Patentee after: Zhejiang Guangta Safety Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room E-405-406, No. 198 Qidi Road, Xiaoshan Economic and Technological Development Zone, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, 311215 Patentee before: ZHEJIANG GUANGTA ENERGY-SAVING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |