CN109187188A - Circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film measures testing machine - Google Patents

Circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film measures testing machine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109187188A
CN109187188A CN201811155691.7A CN201811155691A CN109187188A CN 109187188 A CN109187188 A CN 109187188A CN 201811155691 A CN201811155691 A CN 201811155691A CN 109187188 A CN109187188 A CN 109187188A
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China
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support plate
oil film
lever
loading
testing machine
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CN201811155691.7A
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CN109187188B (en
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丁建宁
仲伟杰
华同曙
袁宁
袁宁一
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Jiangsu University
Changzhou University
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Jiangsu University
Changzhou University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
    • G01N2203/0641Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil films to measure testing machine, including pedestal and the bearing block being mounted on the base, the pedestal is equipped with driving mechanism, loading mechanism, micro-adjusting mechanism and image collection processing system, the oil film contact area constituted on tested roller is vertically applied pressure to by shooting floating idler wheel and is formed by oil film interference pattern, thus accurately and efficiently oil film thickness and oil film shape of the test ring-shaped glass-roller frictional pair under high-speed working condition and hair oil lubrication operating condition.Bulk testing precision of the present invention is higher, practicability is stronger, by movement of the loading head of loading mechanism in X/Y plane position to be quickly found out loading position point, micro-adjusting mechanism is using unidirectional fine tuning move mode, the further loading position of accurate loading head, load unbalance loading phenomenon is eliminated, test requirements document is met.

Description

Circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film measures testing machine
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil films to measure testing machine, cylinder under the weary oily operating condition of especially a kind of high speed The measurement testing machine of roller elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication for line contacts oil film thickness and oil film shape.
Background technique
In modern mechanical industry, the failure of the machine components such as bearing, gear is often caused by elastohydrodynamic lubrication failure. In particular with the progress of modern technologies, bearing, gear etc. constantly develop to high speed direction, and weary oil phenomenon is more and more.Therefore Elastohydrodynamic lubrication under oil operating condition weary to high speed carries out theoretical and experimental study, and explaining influences elastohydrodynamic lubrication Factor have great importance.
Determine that the geometric shape of oil film and thickness in contact zone are one of the mostly important problems of elastohydrodynamic lubrication research, because The degree of closeness of micro-bulge in relative motion surface is decide for oil film thickness, to lose to the friction of system, abrasion and fatigue Effect plays overriding effect.From the method for measurement contact area film thickness, other than optical interferometry, the side of oil film is measured There are also electric-resistivity method, capacitance method, magnetoresistance method, displacement method and x-ray methods etc. for method.
In bullet stream film thickness measuring technology, electric-resistivity method is the technology used earliest, but further opening with research work Exhibition, people gradually have found that contact zone can only be measured by electric-resistivity method that whether there is or not oil films without measure thickness.The principle of capacitance measurement and Electric-resistivity method is similar, and capacitance method can judge film thickness according to the size for measuring capacitor, but a disadvantage is that capacitance measurement is oil film Average thickness, rather than the actual value at any position.Magnetoresistance method is to pass through oil film by measurement magnetic flux to cause electricity in coil Rheology calculates oil film thickness, and this measurement method is easy by external interference.Displacement method be by measuring limit displacement come The method for indirectly determining oil film thickness, this method depend on the levels of precision of displacement sensor, at present displacement sensor Minimum detectability is 0.1 micron, and the thickness of usually oil film is less than 0.1 micron, therefore displacement method has significant limitation.X is penetrated Collimation method is lubricant film thickness to be measured the difference of metal and oil plant penetration power according to X-ray, but find X by studying for a long period of time Ray method is relatively difficult in calibration, and can only generally measure the minimum value of oil film thickness.
Shape using the film thickness of optical interferometry measurement bullet stream contact position be start the 1960s to use it is a kind of compared with New technology.In recent years due to the attention of optical interferometry measuring device and technology continuously improved increasingly by researcher. Optical interferometry principle is simple, is easy to implement, can measure the thickness of contact zone oil film and the shape of oil film simultaneously.Optical interferometry Most important means of the method as measurement film thickness, precision have also reached 1 ran.Although optical interference measuring method has obtained very much Approve, but interference of light measuring of oil film device type is fewer.Nowadays line contact interference of light measuring of oil film device is divided into substantially Two kinds, the first is disc type light-interference measuring apparatus, and disc type light-interference measuring apparatus, which can only measure, can only use taper roller As test specimen, such measuring device has certain limitation to roller taper and length, and it is even more impossible to measure the line of cylindrical roller Contact oil film thickness.Another kind is linear reciprocating light source interference experiment platform, and although this experimental bench is capable of measuring cylindrical roller, still Due to it is to be moved back and forth the characteristics of, can only be run in low speed, have certain limitation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is the present invention provides a kind of annulus in order to overcome the deficiencies in the existing technology Formula optical elastohydrodynamic oil film measures testing machine, realizes the measurement for carrying out roller line contact optical elastohydrodynamic oil film thickness at high speeds.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film measurement test Machine, including pedestal and the bearing block being mounted on the base, the pedestal is equipped with driving mechanism, loading mechanism and image and adopts Collect processing system,
Driving mechanism: including the transmission main shaft by bearing seat supports, transmission main shaft front end is connected with sleeve, and sleeve inner ring is solid It is connected with glass ring, glass ring inner ring bottom is placed with tested roller;
Loading mechanism: preceding lever including the setting of parallel drive main-shaft axis does not exist perpendicular to preceding lever and with preceding lever Lever after conplane, preceding lever front end are provided with the loading head of floating idler wheel, the floating idler wheel vertically apply pressure to by It surveys and constitutes oil film contact area on roller, before rear lever front end applies pressure on lever rear end, rear lever rear end is hung with pressurization weight Code;
Image collection processing system: the computer including microscope, light source and data acquisition process, the microscope have The oil film contact area is shot to be formed by oil film interference pattern and be transmitted to the high-speed camera of computer.
Further, the driving mechanism includes the servo motor being mounted on the base, and servo motor passes through speed reducer Transmission main shaft is connected with toothed belt transmission, transmission main shaft front end, which is connected by ring flange with sleeve, drives sleeve rotating.
Specifically, the loading mechanism include the first support plate, be mounted on pedestal leading flank drive the first support plate make Y Make X to mobile to the first mobile lead screw, the second support plate being mounted in the first support plate and the second support plate of driving Second lead screw, seating plane be equipped with Y-direction guide rail, the first support plate sliding be located in Y-direction guide rail, the first support plate be equipped with X to Guide rail, the second support plate are slidably mounted on X direction guiding rail by slide unit, are fixed with cushion block in the second support plate, preceding lever and solid The connecting plate for being scheduled on cushion block upper surface is hinged by pin shaft, is equipped with upright support plate by third support plate in Y-direction guide rail, after Lever is hinged by pin shaft with upright support plate, and pedestal trailing flank is equipped with driving third support baseboard and makees the mobile third of Y-direction Lead screw.
Ensure power that loading head is applied on the tested roller vertically minimum point with glass ring inner surface to better assure, Micro-adjusting mechanism is additionally provided on the pedestal, the micro-adjusting mechanism is with thousand parted hairs, telescopic platform, support baseboard and the 4th Thick stick, telescopic platform are located on X direction guiding rail by support baseboard sliding, and the first support plate is equipped with driving support baseboard and makees X to movement And make the 4th lead screw of telescopic platform Yu cushion block side face contact, described thousand finely tune telescopic platform separately and push the related preceding thick stick of cushion block The micro-shifting that bar, loading head make X-direction is dynamic.
The image collection processing system has bracket, and microscope is liftably rack-mount, the light source With high-speed camera front end headlamp connection.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: glass ring installation accuracy is higher in the present invention, surveying circle beating degree is 0.05mm, base Originally it is able to satisfy requirement of experiment;In order to study the oil film characteristic under the weary oily operating condition of high speed, testing machine speed by Serve Motor Control and It can be achieved to accelerate, slow down, at the uniform velocity, and most high speed can reach 1m/s;If oil-film images caused by load deflection occur has obviously Interference energy imbalance, this phenomenon can be eliminated by micro-adjusting mechanism;The loading of roller is tested when test, loading mechanism Addition and glass ring after the test cleaning it is all more convenient, one man operation.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is overall structure axonometric drawing of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional view of driving mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the axonometric drawing of loading mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of image capturing system of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the axonometric drawing of knife rest platform of the present invention.
In figure: 1. pedestal, 2. bearing block, 3. driving mechanism 3-1. servo motor 3-2. transmission main shaft 3-3. speed reducer 3-4. synchronous belt 3-5. ring flange 3-6. sleeve 3-7. glass ring 3-8. is tested lever before 4. loading mechanism 4-1. of roller Lever 4-3. floating idler wheel 4-4. loading head 4-5. compression weight 4-6. the first support plate the first lead screw of 4-7. 4- after 4-2. 8. second support plate 4-9. the second screw rod 4-10. slide unit 4-11. cushion block 4-12. third support plate 4-13. upright support plate 5. micro-adjusting mechanism 5-1. of 4-14. third lead screw, thousand the 4th lead screw of parted hair 5-2. telescopic platform 5-3. support baseboard 5-4., 6. figure As acquisition system 6-1. bracket 6-2. microscope 6-3. light source 6-4. computer 6-5. high-speed camera 7.Y direction guiding rail 8.X 11. lock-screw of direction guiding rail 9. lathe tool seat, 10. lathe tool, 12. locking post
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further explained in detail.These attached drawings are simplified schematic diagram, only with Illustration illustrates basic structure of the invention, therefore it only shows the composition relevant to the invention.
A kind of circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film as shown in Figure 1 to 4 measures testing machine, including pedestal 1 and is mounted on pedestal 1 On bearing block 2, pedestal 1 is welded, and is equipped with angular contact ball bearing in bearing block 2.
The pedestal 1 is equipped with driving mechanism 3, loading mechanism 4, micro-adjusting mechanism 5 and image collection processing system 6.
The driving mechanism 3: including be mounted on pedestal 1 servo motor 3-1, by the angular contact ball in bearing block 2 The transmission main shaft 3-2 of bearing support, servo motor 3-2 pass through speed reducer 3-3 and synchronous belt 3-4 transmission connection transmission main shaft 3-2, The front end transmission main shaft 3-2 is connected with sleeve 3-6 by ring flange 3-5, and sleeve 3-6 inner ring is fixed with glass ring 3-7, glass ring 3- 7 inner ring bottoms are placed with tested roller 3-8, and servo motor 3-1 drives transmission main shaft 3-2 rotation and drive sleeve 3-6 is rotated, set Cylinder 3-6 drives glass ring 3-7 to rotate.
The loading mechanism 4: including parallel drive main shaft 3-2 axis setting preceding lever 4-1, perpendicular to preceding lever 4- 1 and not after conplane, the front end of lever 4-2, rear lever 4-2 are located at the rear end preceding lever 4-1 lower section with preceding lever 4-1, it is preceding The front end lever 4-1 is connected by screw to the loading head 4-4 for being provided with floating idler wheel 4-3, and the floating idler wheel 4-3 vertically presses In constituting oil film contact area on tested roller 3-8, the front end rear lever 4-2 applies pressure on the preceding rear end lever 4-1, rear lever 4-2 Rear suspension has compression weight 4-5.
The loading mechanism 4 further includes the first support plate 4-6, is mounted on the first support plate 4-6 of 1 leading flank of pedestal driving Make the second support plate of the first mobile lead screw 4-7 of Y-direction, the second support plate 4-8 being mounted on the first support plate 4-6 and driving 4-8 makees X to the second mobile lead screw 4-9, and 1 face of pedestal is equipped with a pair of of Y-direction guide rail 7, and the first support plate 4-6 passes through a pair of of sliding block Sliding is located in Y-direction guide rail 7, and the first support plate 4-6 is equipped with a pair of X direction guiding rail 8, and the second support plate 4-8 passes through two slide units 4-10 is slidably mounted on X direction guiding rail 8, is fixed with cushion block 4-11 on the second support plate 4-8, preceding lever 4-1 and is fixed on cushion block The connecting plate of the upper surface 4-11 is hingedly swung by pin shaft, is equipped with uprightly in Y-direction guide rail 7 by third support plate 4-12 Support plate 4-13, rear lever 4-2 and upright support plate 4-13 are hingedly swung by pin shaft, and 1 trailing flank of pedestal is equipped with drive Dynamic third support plate 4-12 makees the mobile third lead screw 4-14 of Y-direction.
Compression weight 4-5 transfers the pressure to the floating idler wheel 4-3 of loading head 4-4 by rear lever 4-2, preceding lever 4-1 On, it is pressed by floating idler wheel 4-3 and tested roller 3-8 contact, floating idler wheel 4-3 is parallel with tested roller 3-8 always Contact, it is ensured that homogeneous vertical is downward always for tested roller 3-8 stress, and the position of loading head 4-4 in the Y direction can pass through rotation first The handwheel of the end lead screw 4-7 simultaneously drives the first support plate 4-6 and preceding lever 4-1 to adjust to move with the first lead screw 4-7, load The position in the direction head 4-4X can be by rotating the handwheel of the second end lead screw 4-9 and with the second lead screw 4-9 the second support plate of drive 4-8, preceding lever 4-1 are adjusted to move.
Preceding lever 4-1, rear lever 4-2 load ratio can be as the variation of the position rear lever 4-2 be between 1:5 and 1:10 It adjusts, the position of rear lever 4-2 can be by rotating the handwheel of the end third lead screw 4-14 and with third lead screw 4-14 drive third The movement of support plate 4-12 is adjusted, and calculates pressure of the load on tested roller 3-8 by lever ratio and compression weight 4-5 Size.Preceding lever 4-1 and the right angle in 90 ° rear lever 4-2 and not in the same plane, between rear lever 4-2 and preceding lever 4-1 The transmitting of power uses big screw support, and lever 4-2 is on horizontal plane after being adjusted by rotary screw, thus thick stick after guaranteeing Bar 4-2 to the loading force of preceding lever 4-1 vertically upward.
The micro-adjusting mechanism 5: there is thousand parted hair 5-1, telescopic platform 5-2 and support baseboard 5-3, on support baseboard 5-3 It is fixed with location plate, the side telescopic platform 5-2 is fixed with location plate, and telescopic platform 5-2 is located at guide X by support baseboard 5-3 sliding On rail 8, the first support plate 4-6, which makees X equipped with driving support baseboard 5-3, makes telescopic platform 5-2 and the side cushion block 4-11 to movement 4th lead screw 5-4 of face contact, the described thousand parted hair 5-1 fine tuning telescopic platform 5-2 and push the related preceding lever 4-1 of cushion block 4-11, The micro-shifting that loading head 4-4 makees X-direction is dynamic.
When fine tuning, the handwheel by rotating the 4th end lead screw 5-4 drives the 4th lead screw 5-4 rotation, the 4th lead screw 5-4 band Dynamic support baseboard 5-3 makees X and locks the 4th lead screw after end face and the side face contact of cushion block 4-11 of telescopic platform 5-2 to movement The handwheel of the end 5-4, then finely tune the end face of telescopic platform 5-2 by thousand parted hair 5-1 of rotation and push the related preceding lever of cushion block 4-11 4-1, loading head 4-4 are dynamic in X-direction micro-shifting, it is ensured that loading head 4-4 is applied to the power on tested roller 3-8 always perpendicular to glass The minimum point of ring 3-7 inner surface.
Described image acquisition processing system 6: it including bracket 6-1, microscope 6-2, light source 6-3 and is used at data acquisition The computer 6-4 of reason, microscope 6-2 are liftably mounted on bracket 6-1, and the microscope 6-2 has high-speed camera 6-5, The oil film contact area that high-speed camera 6-5 shoots between tested roller 3-8 and floating idler wheel 4-3 is formed by oil film interference Figure, and oil film interference pattern is transmitted to computer 6-4 and is analyzed and processed, the light source 6-3 and the front end high-speed camera 6-5 Headlamp connection provides enough light-illuminatings to shooting.
In order to guarantee to install the accuracy of cooperation between sleeve 3-6 and glass ring 3-7, need to carry out sleeve 3-6 when necessary Then certain turnery processing is pacified for this purpose, first removing loading mechanism 4 and micro-adjusting mechanism 5 before the test in the second support plate 4-8 Fill knife rest platform.As shown in figure 5, the knife rest platform includes lathe tool seat 9, lathe tool 10, lock-screw 11 and locking post 12, lathe tool seat 9 are fixed on the second support plate 4-8, and lathe tool 10 is fixed on lathe tool seat 9 by lock-screw 11 and locking post 12, are cooperated with this Driving mechanism 3 is completed to the necessary turnery processing of sleeve 3-6.
Bulk testing precision of the present invention is higher, and the circle beating degree of glass ring 3-7 is only 0.05mm when rotation, convenient for taking the photograph at a high speed Camera 6-5 captures steady, accurate oil-film images;The loading head 4-4 of loading mechanism 4 uses the first lead screw 4-7 and the second lead screw 4-9 control movement, the approximate location of load is found convenient for movement of the loading head 4-4 in X/Y plane position;Micro-adjusting mechanism 5 is adopted With unidirectional fine tuning move mode, further the loading position of accurate loading head 4-4, eliminates load unbalance loading phenomenon.
Taking the above-mentioned ideal embodiment according to the present invention as inspiration, through the above description, relevant staff is complete Various changes and amendments can be carried out without departing from the scope of the technological thought of the present invention' entirely.The technology of this invention Property range is not limited to the contents of the specification, it is necessary to which the technical scope thereof is determined according to the scope of the claim.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film measures testing machine, including pedestal and the bearing block being mounted on the base, it is characterized in that: The pedestal is equipped with driving mechanism, loading mechanism and image collection processing system,
Driving mechanism: including the transmission main shaft by bearing seat supports, transmission main shaft front end is connected with sleeve, and sleeve inner ring is fixed with Glass ring, glass ring inner ring bottom are placed with tested roller;
Loading mechanism: including parallel drive main-shaft axis setting preceding lever, perpendicular to preceding lever and with preceding lever not same The rear lever of plane, preceding lever front end are provided with the loading head of floating idler wheel, and the floating idler wheel, which vertically applies pressure to, is tested rolling Oil film contact area is constituted on son, before rear lever front end applies pressure on lever rear end, rear lever rear end is hung with compression weight;
Image collection processing system: the computer including microscope, light source and data acquisition process, the microscope have shooting The oil film contact area is formed by oil film interference pattern and is transmitted to the high-speed camera of computer.
2. circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film as described in claim 1 measures testing machine, it is characterized in that: the driving mechanism includes The servo motor being mounted on the base, servo motor connect transmission main shaft with toothed belt transmission by speed reducer, before transmission main shaft End, which is connected by ring flange with sleeve, drives sleeve rotating.
3. circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film as described in claim 1 measures testing machine, it is characterized in that: the loading mechanism includes First support plate is mounted on pedestal leading flank the first support plate is driven to make the first mobile lead screw of Y-direction, be mounted on the first support plate On the second support plate and the second support plate of driving make X to the second mobile lead screw, seating plane is equipped with Y-direction guide rail, first Support plate sliding is located in Y-direction guide rail, and the first support plate is equipped with X direction guiding rail, and the second support plate is slidably mounted on X by slide unit On direction guiding rail, cushion block is fixed in the second support plate, preceding lever and the connecting plate for being fixed on cushion block upper surface are hinged by pin shaft, Upright support plate is equipped with by third support plate in Y-direction guide rail, rear lever is hinged by pin shaft with upright support plate, after pedestal Side is equipped with driving third support baseboard and makees the mobile third lead screw of Y-direction.
4. circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film as claimed in claim 3 measures testing machine, it is characterized in that: being additionally provided on the pedestal Micro-adjusting mechanism, the micro-adjusting mechanism have thousand parted hairs, telescopic platform, support baseboard and the 4th lead screw, and telescopic platform passes through support bottom Plate sliding is located on X direction guiding rail, and the first support plate, which is equipped with driving support baseboard, which makees X, makes telescopic platform and cushion block side to movement 4th lead screw of face contact, described thousand finely tune telescopic platform separately and the related preceding lever of cushion block, loading head are pushed to make the micro- of X-direction It is mobile.
5. circular ring type optical elastohydrodynamic oil film as described in claim 1 measures testing machine, it is characterized in that: the image acquisition and processing System has bracket, and microscope is liftably rack-mount, and the light source and high-speed camera front end illuminate lamp driver Connection.
CN201811155691.7A 2018-09-30 2018-09-30 Circular ring type photoelastic flow oil film measuring and testing machine Active CN109187188B (en)

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CN110261126A (en) * 2019-06-24 2019-09-20 中国航发动力股份有限公司 A kind of gas turbine squeeze film damper gap loads measuring device
CN111141631A (en) * 2020-01-09 2020-05-12 东华大学 Limited-length contact lubrication abrasion integrated tester
CN111141627A (en) * 2019-12-27 2020-05-12 太原理工大学 Concrete creep test loading device considering car-induced cyclic load effect

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