CN109186818B - Non-contact non-invasive pressure measurement method for pressure container - Google Patents
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- 238000009530 blood pressure measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/18—Measuring force or stress, in general using properties of piezo-resistive materials, i.e. materials of which the ohmic resistance varies according to changes in magnitude or direction of force applied to the material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/14—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/25—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons
- G01L1/255—Measuring force or stress, in general using wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays, microwaves, neutrons using acoustic waves, or acoustic emission
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Abstract
The invention discloses a non-contact and non-invasive pressure measurement method for a pressure container, which comprises the following steps: building a non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a plurality of magnetoresistive sensors, a signal acquisition and processing controller and a lifting bracket; under the control of the lifting support, the magnetic resistance sensor and the signal acquisition and processing controller are respectively arranged at different heights, preset pressure is applied to the pressure container, and then a curve of a magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure is obtained; counting a curve of the magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure by utilizing linear fitting to obtain the sensitivity and the measurement accuracy of each component of different magnetoresistive sensors; and dividing the magnetic field signal corresponding to the pressure point with the highest sensitivity by the highest sensitivity to obtain the pressure of the pressure container. The invention measures the change of the internal pressure of the container by using the change of the passive weak magnetic signal close to the container, and has the advantages of non-contact, simple arrangement, low cost, high precision, high sensitivity and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pressure detection of pressure containers, in particular to a non-contact and non-invasive pressure measurement method based on a magneto-mechanical effect.
Background
Pressure is one of the important parameters of a pressure vessel. The pressure in the container is rapidly increased due to operational errors or abnormal chemical reactions, which may affect normal industrial production and even cause damages and explosions. The pressure monitoring can prevent safety accidents caused by overload.
The traditional pressure container detection method needs opening on the container, so that the integrity of the container is damaged, the phenomenon of stress concentration occurs, the strength of the container is reduced, and the safety of the system is influenced. In particular, the installation of invasive pressure measurement devices in complex pressure vessel systems is rather difficult or even not allowed in some cases.
The non-invasive pressure measurement does not need to damage the system structure, and the safety factor of the pressure system is greatly increased. The non-invasive pressure measuring method mainly comprises a strain gauge method, a fiber grating pressure measuring method, a capacitance pressure measuring method, an ultrasonic wave method and the like. Among them, the strain gauge method and the fiber grating method require a severe adhesion quality, and the fiber grating method requires a light source and a demodulator, which is costly. The capacitance voltage measurement method has fast dynamic response and high sensitivity, but the measurement is accurate and is easily interfered by circuit noise. Ultrasonic methods are most widely used to measure pressure or stress by measuring changes in sound velocity and amplitude of contents or walls. However, the ultrasonic measurement method also has the defects of delicate laying specifications, need of a coupling agent, high requirement on bonding precision and the like. Furthermore, these methods require contact with the container, require adhesives or coupling agents, and increase the difficulty of implementation and instability of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a non-contact and non-invasive pressure measuring method for a pressure container, which measures the change of the internal pressure of the container by using the change of a passive weak magnetic signal close to the container and is described in detail as follows:
a non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement method for a pressure vessel, the method comprising the steps of:
building a non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a plurality of magnetoresistive sensors, a signal acquisition and processing controller and a lifting bracket;
under the control of the lifting support, the magnetic resistance sensor and the signal acquisition and processing controller are respectively arranged at different heights, preset pressure is applied to the pressure container, and then a curve of a magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure is obtained;
counting a curve of the magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure by utilizing linear fitting to obtain the sensitivity and the measurement accuracy of each component of different magnetoresistive sensors;
and dividing the magnetic field signal corresponding to the pressure point with the highest sensitivity by the highest sensitivity to obtain the pressure of the pressure container.
During specific implementation, the magnetic resistance sensors are arranged in a circle of the pressure container and are in electric signal connection with the signal acquisition and processing controller, and the magnetic resistance sensors are used for measuring a magnetic field around the pressure container.
Further, the signal acquisition and processing controller is used for processing the measured magnetic field signal, and the magnetic resistance sensor and the signal acquisition and processing controller are not in contact with the pressure container.
Further, the apparatus further comprises: a battery pack having a plurality of batteries,
the battery is used for supplying power to each magnetoresistive sensor and the signal acquisition and processing controller.
The outer edge of the internal circuit board of the signal acquisition and processing controller is clamped into the clamping grooves of the lifting support at the same height, and each lifting support can be disassembled independently.
Preferably, when the internal circuit board is a circular circuit board, the circular circuit board may be integrally formed, or may be formed of two semicircular rings.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention measures the change of the internal pressure of the container by using the change of the passive weak magnetic signal close to the container, and has the advantages of non-contact, simple arrangement, low cost, high precision, high sensitivity and the like.
2. The method is non-invasive pressure measurement, the structure of the system is not required to be damaged, and the safety factor of the pressure system is greatly increased.
3. The method is a non-contact pressure measurement. Compared with other non-invasive pressure measuring methods, such as a strain gauge method, a fiber grating pressure measuring method, a capacitance pressure measuring method, an ultrasonic method and the like, the method does not need to be in contact with and physically adhered to a measured container, the surface of the container is cleaned, and coupling is coated.
4. The cost is low. In the aspect of the sensor, the sensor used in the method is a magneto-resistive sensor, and the unit price does not exceed 200 yuan; the price of the ultrasonic sensor probe and the set of receiving and transmitting circuit is more than 2000 yuan; the price of the fiber grating demodulator of the fiber pressure measurement method is tens of thousands of elements. In the aspect of signal acquisition and processing, the method directly acquires the magnetic field signal proportional to the pressure without high-speed acquisition and demodulation, so that the signal acquisition and processing burden is light and the cost is low.
5. The measurement precision of the method is 3% in the range of 3MPa, which is higher than that of other non-invasive pressure measurement methods, such as documents [ Dong N, Wang S, Jiang L, et al, pressure and Temperature Sensor Based on Graphene Diapthragm and Fiber Bragg Gratings [ J ]. IEEE Photonics Technology Letters,2018, PP (99):1-1 ] with the range of only 2kPa, but the precision of only 10% of the range; again, as in the document [ influx of permission on the Sensitivity of Porous Elastomer-Based Capacitive Pressure Sensors ], the range is only 100kPa, respectively, but the accuracy is only 5% of the range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement for a pressure vessel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall apparatus of the present method;
FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of the sensor and signal acquisition and processing controller of the present method;
FIG. 4 is a wiring diagram of the sensor and signal acquisition and processing controller of the present method;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a height adjustment method of the measuring device;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the variation of the total amount of magnetic field measured by the present apparatus when the pressure is released at different heights;
fig. 7 is a graph showing the variation of the magnetic field component with pressure measured by the present apparatus at the height with the highest sensitivity.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1: a magnetoresistive sensor; 2: a signal acquisition and processing controller;
3: a lifting support; 4: a battery;
21: an internal circuit board; 31: a clamping groove.
Wherein, in figure 6,
graph (a), height is up, pressure is suddenly released after pressure is applied to 3MPa, and the square sum of the magnetic field components output by the respective sensors is open-root.
And (b) a graph with a height of middle, wherein the square sum of the magnetic field components output by the respective sensors is open root after the pressure is applied to 3MPa and the pressure is suddenly released.
And (c) a graph with a height of lower, after the pressure is added to 3MPa, the pressure is suddenly released, and the square sum of the magnetic field components output by each sensor is open-root.
In the context of figure 7 of the drawings,
graph (a), height (position corresponding to fig. 6 (c)), magnetic field axial component measured by each magnetic sensor at different pressures; the pressure is 0-3MPa, and the step is 0.2 MPa.
Graph (b), the height is lower (the corresponding position in fig. 6 (c)), and the circumferential component of the magnetic field measured by each magnetic sensor is at different pressures; the pressure is 0-3MPa, and the step is 0.2 MPa.
Graph (c), lower in height (position corresponding to fig. 6 (c)), of the radial component of the magnetic field measured by each magnetic sensor at different pressures; the pressure is 0-3MPa, and the step is 0.2 MPa.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below.
Example 1
A method of non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement for a pressure vessel, see fig. 1, the method comprising the steps of:
101: building a non-contact and non-invasive pressure measuring device;
referring to fig. 2, 3, 4, and 5, the non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement apparatus includes: a plurality of magnetic resistance sensors 1, a signal acquisition and processing controller 2, a lifting bracket 3 and a battery 4.
The magnetic resistance sensor 1 is arranged at one circle of the pressure container 5 (the embodiment of the present invention is described by taking a canned container as an example, and in a specific implementation, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto), the magnetic resistance sensor 1 is in electrical signal connection with the signal acquisition and processing controller 2, and the magnetic resistance sensor 1 is used for measuring a magnetic field around the pressure container 5.
The signal acquisition and processing controller 2 is used for processing the measured magnetic field signal, and the magnetic resistance sensor 1 and the signal acquisition and processing controller 2 are not in contact with the pressure container 5.
In concrete implementation, the signal acquisition and processing controller 2 is connected with the communication pins of all the magnetoresistive sensors 1. The battery 4 is used for supplying power to each magnetic resistance sensor 1 and the signal acquisition and processing controller 2.
102: under the control of the lifting support 3, the magnetic resistance sensor 1 and the signal acquisition and processing controller 2 are respectively placed at different heights, preset pressure is applied to the pressure container 5, and then a curve of a magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure is obtained;
during the concrete realization, place a plurality of magnetoresistive sensor 1 respectively on the height of difference together with signal acquisition and processing controller 2, the total number of height is M, and specific height is controlled by lifting support 3.
For example: at the ith height, pressure is applied to the pressure container 5 to an expected measuring range (0-3 MPa), then the pressure is released, and the signal acquisition and processing controller 2 records the change curve of the total amount of the magnetic field measured by the N magneto-resistive sensors 1 along with the pressure. A total of M × N curves are obtained, as shown in fig. 6. The corresponding height of plot (c) has greater sensitivity.
Then, the sensor is again arranged at this height, the pressure value of the container is adjusted, and the step is made by 0.2MPa, and the curves of the respective component magnetic fields with the pressure change are obtained, as shown in (a) - (c) of fig. 7.
103: counting a curve of the magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure by utilizing linear fitting to obtain the sensitivity and the measurement accuracy of each component of different magnetoresistive sensors 1;
104: and dividing the magnetic field signal corresponding to the pressure point with the highest sensitivity by the highest sensitivity to obtain the pressure of the pressure container 5.
For example: and searching the corresponding magnetoresistive sensor with the number of 5 according to the pressure point with the highest sensitivity, namely, the fifth magnetoresistive sensor, acquiring a magnetic field signal corresponding to the moment with the highest sensitivity, and dividing the magnetic field signal by the highest sensitivity to obtain the pressure of the pressure container 5.
In summary, the embodiment of the invention measures the change of the internal pressure of the container by using the change of the passive weak magnetic signal close to the container, and has the advantages of non-contact, simple arrangement, low cost, high precision, high sensitivity and the like. And the non-invasive pressure measurement is adopted, the system structure is not required to be damaged, and the safety factor of the pressure system is greatly increased.
Example 2
The scheme of example 1 is further described below with reference to fig. 2-7, and the following detailed data:
a ring of magnetoresistive sensors 1 is arranged on the outside of the pressure vessel 5 close to the vessel wall (for example: HMC5883L, the number N being the circumference of the pressure vessel per 2 magnetoresistive sensors, the spacing typically being 40-50 mm).
The outer edge of the internal circuit board 21 (for example, the circular ring-shaped circuit board in fig. 5) of the signal acquisition and processing controller 2 is clamped into the clamping grooves 31 (for example, the rectangular clamping grooves in fig. 5) at the same height of the three lifting brackets 3, and each lifting bracket 3 can be disassembled independently.
After the lifting support 3 is removed, the height of the circuit board can be adjusted up and down and the circuit board can be clamped into the clamping groove 31 at a new height. The lower part of the lifting bracket 3 is on the same plane with the bottom of the pressure vessel 5. The internal circuit board 21 is disposed coaxially with the pressure vessel 5, and the magnetoresistive sensors 1 are uniformly disposed around the circumference of the pressure vessel 5. The number of the lifting support 3 is preferably 3 or 4, and the number of the clamping grooves is at least 3.
In concrete implementation, the shape and structure of the internal circuit board 21 and the shape and structure of the slot 31 of the lifting bracket 3 are not limited, and are set according to the requirements in practical application.
In practical application, the lifting support 3 is made of a non-magnetic material, for example: copper, aluminum, plastic, etc. The card slot 31 does not cover the magnetoresistive sensor 1 after being fitted to the internal circuit board 21. The size of the card slot 31 is not particularly limited as long as it can be simultaneously adhered to the outer edge, upper and lower surfaces of the internal circuit board 21.
In a specific implementation, when the internal circuit board 21 is a circular circuit board, the circular circuit board may be integrally formed, or may be formed of two semicircular rings. When the pressure vessel is integrally formed, the pressure vessel needs to be sleeved from one end of the pressure vessel, and when the pressure vessel is two semicircular rings, the pressure vessel can be close to the pressure vessel from any direction to clamp the pressure vessel 5, so that the pressure vessel is convenient to use.
After the height with higher sensitivity is found, the sensor and the signal acquisition control board are fixed at the height, the pressure value of the container is adjusted, the stepping is performed by 0.2MPa, and curve scatter diagrams of the variation of each component magnetic field along with the pressure are obtained, as shown in (a) - (c) of fig. 7. The sensitivity of the magnetic field values of different sensors and different components to change with pressure changes is different. And performing linear least square fitting on all the measured point curves to obtain a fitted linear equation of each measured dotted line, wherein the slope of the fitted linear equation represents the pressure measurement sensitivity and is listed in tables 1 to 3. The maximum value of the difference value between the value of the fitting curve under each pressure and the measured magnetic field value is recorded as emAnd the average value of the difference value between the value of the fitting curve under each pressure and the measured magnetic field value is recorded as
Are shown in tables 1-3, respectively. Tables 1-3 show the maximum deviation, average deviation, sensitivity and accuracy of the axial, radial and circumferential component magnetic field manometers, respectively.
Wherein the radial component BrSensitivity and measurement accuracy precision of (1) are shown in table 1. Accuracy utilization
It was calculated that the highest sensitivity of 131.4mGs/MPa was obtained from the radial component of the 10 th sensor. The highest accuracy, 0.046MPa, is obtained from the radial component of the 7 th sensor, and most of the accuracy is better than 0.1 MPa.
TABLE 1 utilization of BrSensitivity and accuracy of component pressure measurement
TABLE 2 use of BcSensitivity and accuracy of component pressure measurement
TABLE 3 utilization of BaSensitivity and accuracy of component pressure measurement
In the embodiment of the present invention, except for the specific description of the model of each device, the model of other devices is not limited, as long as the device can perform the above functions.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only schematic illustrations of preferred embodiments, and the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely provided for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A method for non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement of a pressure vessel, the method comprising the steps of:
building a non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement apparatus, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a plurality of magnetoresistive sensors, a signal acquisition and processing controller and a lifting bracket;
under the control of the lifting support, the magnetic resistance sensor and the signal acquisition and processing controller are respectively arranged at different heights, preset pressure is applied to the pressure container, and then a curve of a magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure is obtained;
counting a curve of the magnetic field signal changing along with the pressure by utilizing linear fitting to obtain the sensitivity and the measurement accuracy of each component of different magnetoresistive sensors;
dividing the magnetic field signal corresponding to the pressure point with the highest sensitivity by the highest sensitivity to obtain the pressure of the pressure container;
the magnetic resistance sensor is arranged in one circle of the pressure container and is in electric signal connection with the signal acquisition and processing controller, and the magnetic resistance sensor is used for measuring a magnetic field around the pressure container;
the outer edge of an internal circuit board of the signal acquisition and processing controller is clamped into the clamping grooves at the same height of the lifting supports, and each lifting support can be disassembled independently;
the signal acquisition and processing controller is used for processing the measured magnetic field signal, and the magnetic resistance sensor and the signal acquisition and processing controller are not in contact with the pressure container.
2. A method of non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement for a pressure vessel according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus further comprises: a battery pack having a plurality of batteries,
the battery is used for supplying power to each magnetoresistive sensor and the signal acquisition and processing controller.
3. A non-contact, non-invasive pressure measurement method for a pressure vessel according to claim 2,
when the internal circuit board is a circular circuit board, the circular circuit board can be integrally formed or formed by two semicircular rings.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2551983Y (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2003-05-21 | 清华大学 | Portable stress distribution detector |
| CN201297973Y (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-08-26 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Non-contact on-line integrated monitoring system of a bubble or slurry bed |
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| ATE399657T1 (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2008-07-15 | Fiat Ricerche | PRESSURE SENSOR FOR ROTATING PARTS AND METHOD FOR PRESSURE DETECTION THEREOF |
| JP2009041951A (en) * | 2007-08-06 | 2009-02-26 | Alps Electric Co Ltd | Magnetic pressure sensor |
| CN102121844B (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2012-08-29 | 李臻 | Non-contact liquid level meter based on giant magneto-resistance sensors |
| CN102914394B (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2014-12-24 | 清华大学 | MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) giant magneto-resistance type high pressure sensor |
| CN104655332B (en) * | 2015-02-04 | 2016-02-24 | 山东省计算中心（国家超级计算济南中心） | A kind of contactless stress mornitoring system and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2551983Y (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2003-05-21 | 清华大学 | Portable stress distribution detector |
| CN201297973Y (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2009-08-26 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Non-contact on-line integrated monitoring system of a bubble or slurry bed |
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