CN109186764A - A kind of acousto-optic modulation phase conjugation method for realizing scattering medium internal focus - Google Patents
A kind of acousto-optic modulation phase conjugation method for realizing scattering medium internal focus Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of acousto-optic modulation phases for realizing scattering medium internal focus to be conjugated method, comprising: phase extraction and phase are conjugated reduction process；Object light path utilizes " point light source " inside acousto-optic modulation building scattering medium during phase extraction, its modulation reference light interference for being emitted speckle frequency displacement corresponding to generation, by the polarization state for adjusting reference light, change the phase difference of object light and reference light, phase conjugate system obtains polarization phase-shifting interference pattern, using four-stepped switching policy extract light field phase；The phase for loading object light when phase conjugation reduction in spatial light modulator is conjugated figure, and generation time inverting light is after reference light direct irradiation to realize scattering medium internal focus；The present invention introduces ultrasonic modulation signal on the basis of polarization phase-shifting digit optical phase conjugate system, can be in scattering medium internal build acousto-optic interaction point, to realize the optical focus inside scattering medium using time reversal.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to scattering medium optical focus and imaging field more particularly to a kind of realization scattering medium internal focus
Acousto-optic modulation phase be conjugated method.
Background technique
Optical focus is the premise for realizing optical imagery, however is upset since random scatter occurs in scattering medium for light
Light wave face is to restrict imaging depth in medical consultations so being difficult to be directly realized by optical focus and imaging for its internal object
And an important factor for resolution ratio.In order to regulate and control scattering light wave face, inhibit light scattering process, people propose in succession wavefront shaping,
The multiple technologies such as transmission matrix realize focusing and imaging through scattering medium.
Wavefront shaping is utilized using the specific signal for focusing observation point as a kind of method of feedback regulation incident field
The light wave of incident scatter medium is modulated in distorting lens or spatial light modulator realization in advance, to realize inside scattering medium
It focuses.Transmission matrix is to calculate the transmission matrix of scattering medium by emergent light corrugated by adjusting incident light corrugated, utilize transmission
The focusing of matrix operation realization specific position.
Optical phase conjugation technology realizes the time reversal of light wave using the phase conjugation modulation in light wave face, can have
Wavefront distortion is pointedly compensated, inhibits scattering process to realize and focuses, compared to traditional scattering light focusing technology, there is response
The characteristics of speed is fast, strong real-time.
Currently, the conjugated manner controllability of digit optical phase is strong, high sensitivity, time for exposure are short and without wavelength and light intensity
Limitation has wider application prospect, is the research hotspot of related fields.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of acousto-optic modulation phases for realizing scattering medium internal focus to be conjugated method, and this method is based on
Ultrasonic modulation and polarization phase-shifting principle, in scattering medium internal structure special light sources, in the way of time reversal phase conjugation
Realize the internal focus of scattering medium, whole process is divided into phase extraction and conjugation two processes of reduction, described below:
A kind of acousto-optic modulation phase conjugation method for realizing scattering medium internal focus, which comprises
Phase extraction and phase are conjugated reduction process；
Phase extraction process is based on acousto-optic modulation and polarization phase-shifting principle, and object light path utilizes the phase for focusing ultrasound and laser
Interaction is " point light source " in scattering medium internal build acousto-optic pilot point, and reference light generates corresponding ultrasound by acousto-optic modulator
The light of frequency displacement is changed the phase difference of object light and reference light, is total to using acousto-optic modulation phase by adjusting the polarization state of reference light
Yoke system obtains the polarization phase-shifting interference pattern of object light and reference light, uses four-stepped switching policy extract light field phase later；
Phase conjugation reduction process loads the phase conjugation figure of object light in spatial light modulator, and frequency displacement reference light directly shines
Rear generation time inverting light is penetrated to realize scattering medium internal focus；
The acousto-optic modulation phase conjugate system includes: the beam of laser of laser sending by optoisolator, the 1st
The linearly polarized light for becoming particular polarization after wave plate and polarizing film is classified as two beam laser using the first spectroscope, a branch of
Light is as object light by the first reflection after the second spectroscope, the first object lens, scattering medium, the second object lens and the first quarter wave plate
Mirror is reflected into third spectroscope, and another Shu Zuowei reference light passes through acousto-optic modulator, the first lens, optical filter, the second lens
Become collimator and extender light with after the 2nd 1/2 wave plate, closes beam at third spectroscope with object light, together vertical incidence digit optical phase
Position conjugated system；
Spatial light modulator in digit optical phase conjugate system constitutes object-image relation, phase by the third lens and camera
Machine acquires the interference pattern in spatial light modulator；The fast axle angle of the first quarter wave plate is adjusted, so that into digit optical phase
The object light of conjugated system becomes rotatory polarization, adjusts the fast axle angle of the 2nd 1/2 wave plate, is turned using the 2nd 1/2 wave plate of cameras record
Dynamic angle is respectively 0, π/4, pi/2, the interference pattern of reference light and object light when 3 π/4,
Pass throughThe phase distribution of object light speckle is calculated.
Wherein, it is placed with focus type ultrasonic probe above the scattering medium, forms focus ultrasonic inside scattering medium
Point, laser become scattering light after entering scattering medium, form frequency displacement after interacting at ultrasound focusing point with sound wave
Label scattering light is simultaneously emitted scattering medium；The control frequency that acousto-optic modulator is arranged is identical as supersonic frequency, generates frequency using it
The 1 grade of diffraction light moved is interferenceed as reference light with object light.
Further, baffle is set at the first spectroscope when the reduction of phase conjugation, adjusts reference light light intensity and polarization side
To the load object light speckle conjugate phase in spatial light modulator；
The reference light that frequency displacement occurs forms the light wave being conjugated with former speckle phase after phase modulation of spatial light modulators,
Conjugation compensation is carried out to by the scattering light of ultrasound label, forms the light wave of time reversal, is focused in scattering medium internal ultrasonic
Optical focus is realized at point.
The beneficial effect of the technical scheme provided by the present invention is that:
1, the present invention introduces ultrasonic modulation signal, Neng Gou on the basis of polarization phase-shifting digit optical phase conjugate system
Scattering medium internal build acousto-optic interaction point, to realize the optical focus inside scattering medium using time reversal；
2, the present invention more meets optical focus and imaging characteristic inside biological tissue compared with prior art, has practical
Property.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is acousto-optic modulation digit phase conjugated system phase extraction schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is acousto-optic modulation digit phase conjugated system conjugation reduction schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 polarization phase-shifting principle of interference figure；
The polarization phase-shifting interference pattern of the collected ultrasound label scattering light of Fig. 4 camera.
Wherein, (a) is θ=0；It (b) is θ=π/4；It (c) is θ=pi/2；It (d) is π/4 θ=3.
In attached drawing, list of parts representated by each component is as follows:
1 --- laser；2 --- isolator；
3,16,29 --- 1/2 wave plate；4 --- polarizing film；
5,10,18,19,25,30 --- spectroscope；6 --- acousto-optic modulator；
7,9,21 --- convex lens；8 --- optical filter；
11,14 --- microcobjective；12 --- ultrasonic probe；
13 --- scattering medium；15,26 --- quarter wave plate；
17,27,28 --- reflecting mirror；20 --- spatial light modulator；
22 --- camera；23 --- digit optical phase conjugate system；
24 --- baffle.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, embodiment of the present invention is made below further
Ground detailed description.
When acoustooptical effect refers to sound wave and laser interaction, the frequency of laser can change.From the thirties in last century
Since acoustooptical effect is found, correlative study have been widely used for acousto-optic modulator, acousto-optic deflection device, acousto-optic frequency shifters,
Acousto-optic turnable filter etc..Scattering light can be carried out to ultrasonic label using acoustooptical effect in scattering medium, research is labeled
Scattering light identification and reproduction, be a kind of potential means for realizing scattering medium internal focus and imaging.
Embodiment 1
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of acousto-optic modulation phases for realizing scattering medium internal focus to be conjugated method, referring to
Fig. 1, this method comprises: phase extraction and phase are conjugated reduction process.
Phase extraction process is based primarily upon acousto-optic modulation and polarization phase-shifting principle, and object light path utilizes focusing ultrasound and laser
Interaction scattering medium internal build acousto-optic pilot point be " point light source ", reference light by acousto-optic modulator generate correspondence
The light of ultrasonic frequency displacement changes the phase difference of object light and reference light, utilizes acousto-optic modulation phase by adjusting the polarization state of reference light
Position conjugated system obtains the polarization phase-shifting interference pattern of object light and reference light, uses four-stepped switching policy extract light field phase later.
When phase conjugation reduction, the phase that object light is loaded in spatial light modulator is conjugated figure, and the reference light of frequency displacement is direct
Generation time inverting light is after irradiation to realize scattering medium internal focus.
In conclusion combination acousto-optic modulation technology of the embodiment of the present invention and polarization phase-shifting phase conjugation, can overcome
The light scattering characteristic of scattering medium realizes the focusing inside scattering medium.
Embodiment 2
The scheme in embodiment 1 is further introduced below with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, described below:
The embodiment of the present invention devises a kind of acousto-optic modulation phase conjugate system for realizing scattering medium internal focus, this is
Structure chart of uniting is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
Interaction can occur in scattering medium scattering-in light and ultrasound so that laser is marked by ultrasound.In object
The laser of light path, incident scatter medium can be expressed asIf supersonic frequency is fs, then pass through
The laser of region of insonation becomesReference light
It can also change by optical frequency when dedicated acousto-optic modulator, acousto-optic modulator (Acousto-optic is set
Modulator, AOM) driving frequency be fs, then being emitted reference light becomesWherein,
A is optical signal magnitude, and f is light frequency,For light initial phase, A' is the light amplitude in scattering medium after ultrasonic modulation, and B is
With reference to light amplitude,For reference light initial phase, B' is the light amplitude after ultrasonic modulator.
Reference light and the object combiner marked by ultrasound, wherein with frequency light f+fsEffect is interfered, is recycled later inclined
Shaking phase shift method just being capable of extract light field speckle phase.It is focus type ultrasonic probe used in experiment, is marked in scattering medium
The scattering light of note largely derive from ultrasound focusing point, so just one optical frequency of scattering medium internal structure be f+fsPoint
Light source just can be realized the optical focus inside scattering medium using optical phase conjugation.The Strength Changes of ultrasound focusing point will
It can cause the Strength Changes of acoustooptical effect, to determine the intensity of phase-conjugation light, the position for changing ultrasound focusing point can be with
The ultrasound focusing point strength information distribution of different zones inside scattering medium is obtained, and then inverting dielectric property is to realize inside
Imaging.
One, the basic principle of polarization phase-shifting is as follows:
As shown in figure 3, the complex amplitude for setting two beams collimation directional light is respectively And polarization direction is along the x-axis direction,
Light beam passes through the second quarter wave plate 26, fast axle (technical term known in those skilled in the art, the embodiment of the present invention pair
This is not repeated them here) and x-axis at π/4 jiao, another light beam passes through the 3rd 1/2 wave plate 29, and fast axle is into θ angle with x-axis.
If E1And E2Jones's vector be respectivelyWithJones of second quarter wave plate 26 and the 3rd 1/2 wave plate 29
Matrix is respectivelyWithThen two-beam closes Jones's vector sum light intensity of the light field formed after beam
Distribution are as follows:
The different angles θ is taken, the interference pattern with different phase shifts can be obtained.If the angle θ takes 0, π/4 respectively, pi/2,3 π/4, then
Thus E is calculated to obtain1And E2Phase distribution it is poor are as follows:
Realize that the process for focusing and being imaged through scattering medium is broadly divided into two parts using phase conjugation.
Two, phase extraction
As shown in Figure 1, the beam of laser that laser 1 issues is after optoisolator 2, the one 1/2 wave plate 3 and polarizing film 4
The linearly polarized light for becoming x-axis polarization direction is classified as two beam laser using the first spectroscope 5, and light beam passes through as object light
By the first reflecting mirror 17 after second spectroscope 10, the first object lens 11, scattering medium 13, the second object lens 14 and the first quarter wave plate 15
Be reflected into third spectroscope 18, another Shu Zuowei reference light by acousto-optic modulator 6 (Acousto-optic modulator,
AOM), become collimator and extender light after the first lens 7, optical filter 8, the second lens 9 and the 2nd 1/2 wave plate 16, with object light in third
Beam is closed at spectroscope 18, together (the Digital Optical Phase of vertical incidence digit optical phase conjugate system 23
Conjugation,DOPC)。
It is placed with focus type ultrasonic probe 12 above scattering medium 13, forms ultrasound focusing point inside scattering medium, swashs
Light becomes scattering light after entering scattering medium, scatters light with the label for focusing formation frequency displacement after ultrasound interacts and is emitted
Scattering medium 13.Due to only having the frequency of light identical, polarization direction is identical, and constant phase difference could generate stable interference item
Line, so needing control frequency and ultrasound so that acousto-optic modulator AOM6 to form the interference pattern of speckle object light and reference light
Frequency is identical, and 1 grade of diffraction light for generating frequency displacement is interferenceed with object light.
Spatial light modulator 20 (Spatial Laser Modulator, SLM) in DOPC system 23 passes through the third lens
21 constitute object-image relation with CMOS camera 22, and CMOS camera 22 acquires the interference pattern on SLM20.Adjust the first quarter wave plate 15
Fast axle angle adjust the fast axle angle of the 2nd 1/2 wave plate 16, benefit so that the object light into DOPC system 23 becomes rotatory polarization
Recording 16 rotational angle of the 2nd 1/2 wave plate with CMOS camera 22 is respectively 0, π/4, pi/2, the interference of reference light and object light when 3 π/4
Figure, the phase distribution of object light speckle just can be calculated using formula (7).
Three, phase-modulation and time reversal
Phase conjugation reduction process is also known as time reversal process, places baffle 24 as shown in Figure 2, adjusts reference light light intensity
And polarization direction, object light speckle conjugate phase is loaded on SLM20.The reference light of frequency displacement occurs after SLM20 phase-modulation
The light wave with former speckle phase conjugation is formed, i.e., carries out conjugation compensation to by the scattering light of ultrasound label, forms time reversal
Light wave realizes optical focus in 13 internal ultrasonic focal spot of scattering medium.
Unmodulated light is a piece of spuious light inside scattering medium by scattering medium, can not be inside scattering medium
Realize optical focus, and time reversal light can then overcome light scattering effect to realize scattering medium internal focus.
Embodiment 3
Feasibility verifying is carried out to the scheme in Examples 1 and 2 below with reference to Fig. 4, described below:
As shown in Figure 1, laser 1 can be the HeNe laser of 633nm, the first lens 7 during phase extraction
Focal length is 15mm, and the focal length of the second lens 9 is 250mm, and optical polarization direction becomes level side after wave plate 3 and polarizing film 4
To.
The parameter of object lens 11 and 14 is 25 times of amplifications, NA (technical term of this field, the embodiment of the present invention pair in object light path
This is not repeated them here) value be 0.4., scattering medium 13 can replace with agar block, include in DOPC system 23 the 4th spectroscope 19,
SLM20, the third lens 21 (f=100mm) and CMOS camera 22, SLM20 are the PLUTO-VIS-016 of Holoeye company, are differentiated
Rate is 1920pixel × 1080pixel, and Pixel Dimensions are 8 μm of 8 μ m, is mounted on the combination adjusting bracket an of six degree of freedom
(embodiment of the present invention to combination adjusting bracket structure with no restrictions, as long as being able to achieve the adjusting bracket of above-mentioned function).
CMOS camera 22 be PCO.EDGE 3.1, highest resolution 2048pixel × 1536pixel, 6.5 μm of Pixel Dimensions
×6.5μm.Due to 22 Pixel Dimensions of SLM20 and CMOS camera mismatch, so need to adjust the third lens 21 make SLM and
CMOS camera sensor plane object-image relation each other, to guarantee the alignment one by one of 22 pixel of SLM20 and COMS camera, so that
Camera 22 can accurately extract the interference figure on SLM20.
According to theoretical calculation, the object-image relation of convex lens meets u+v=f (M+1)2/ M (u: object distance, v: image distance, f: burnt
Away from M: amplification factor), the object magnification known to the Pixel Dimensions of SLM20 and CMOS camera 22 is M=6.5/8=
0.8125.The position for adjusting lens 21 makes object-image relation meet amplification factor M, to obtain the interference pattern on SLM20.
In order to intuitively be illustrated, Fig. 4 is when placing agar block, and during phase extraction, CMOS camera is obtained dry
Pattern is related to, in figure (a), (b), (c), (d) respectively corresponding 16 rotational angle of the 2nd 1/2 wave plate is 0, π/4, and pi/2 is inclined when 3 π/4
Shake phase shifting interference, can obviously observe the variation of the bright dark fringe of the same area caused by different phase shift differences.It is dry to four width phase shifts
It relates to figure to carry out calculating the available speckle phase distribution figure by ultrasound label, corresponding phase is conjugated figure load in SLM20
On, reference light incidence SLM20, reflected light is then the phase-conjugation light of corresponding ultrasound label scattering light, backtracking scattering medium
When internal, ultrasound focusing point will be returned, realizes the focusing inside scattering medium.
The embodiment of the present invention to the model of each device in addition to doing specified otherwise, the model of other devices with no restrictions,
As long as the device of above-mentioned function can be completed.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that attached drawing is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment, the embodiments of the present invention
Serial number is for illustration only, does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
The foregoing is merely presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Within principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of acousto-optic modulation phase conjugation method for realizing scattering medium internal focus, which is characterized in that the described method includes:
Phase extraction and phase are conjugated reduction process；
Phase extraction process is based on acousto-optic modulation and polarization phase-shifting principle, and object light path utilizes the phase interaction for focusing ultrasound and laser
It is " point light source " used in scattering medium internal build acousto-optic pilot point, reference light generates corresponding ultrasonic frequency displacement by acousto-optic modulator
Light, by adjust reference light polarization state, change object light and reference light phase difference, utilize acousto-optic modulation phase conjugated system
System obtains the polarization phase-shifting interference pattern of object light and reference light, uses four-stepped switching policy extract light field phase later；
The phase conjugation that phase conjugation reduction process loads object light in spatial light modulator is schemed, after frequency displacement reference light direct irradiation
Generation time inverting light is to realize scattering medium internal focus；
The acousto-optic modulation phase conjugate system includes: the beam of laser of laser sending by optoisolator, the one 1/2 wave plate
With the linearly polarized light for becoming particular polarization after polarizing film, two beam laser are classified as using the first spectroscope, light beam is made
It is anti-by the first reflecting mirror after the second spectroscope, the first object lens, scattering medium, the second object lens and the first quarter wave plate for object light
It injects into third spectroscope, another Shu Zuowei reference light is by acousto-optic modulator, the first lens, optical filter, the second lens and the
Become collimator and extender light after 2 1/2 wave plates, close beam at third spectroscope with object light, vertical incidence digit optical phase is total together
Yoke system；
Spatial light modulator in digit optical phase conjugate system constitutes object-image relation by the third lens and camera, and camera is adopted
Collect the interference pattern in spatial light modulator；The fast axle angle of the first quarter wave plate is adjusted, so that being conjugated into digit optical phase
The object light of system becomes rotatory polarization, adjusts the fast axle angle of the 2nd 1/2 wave plate, utilizes the 2nd 1/2 wave plate angle of rotation of cameras record
Degree is respectively 0, π/4, pi/2, the interference pattern of reference light and object light when 3 π/4；
Pass throughThe phase distribution of object light speckle is calculated.
2. a kind of acousto-optic modulation phase conjugation method for realizing scattering medium internal focus according to claim 1, special
Sign is,
Be placed with focus type ultrasonic probe above the scattering medium, form ultrasound focusing point inside scattering medium, laser into
Become scattering light after entering scattering medium, the label for forming frequency displacement after interacting at ultrasound focusing point with sound wave scatters light
And it is emitted scattering medium；The control frequency that acousto-optic modulator is arranged is identical as supersonic frequency, and 1 grade of diffraction of frequency displacement is generated using it
Light is interferenceed as reference light with object light.
3. a kind of acousto-optic modulation phase conjugation method for realizing scattering medium internal focus according to claim 1, special
Sign is,
Baffle is set when phase conjugation reduction at the first spectroscope, reference light light intensity and polarization direction are adjusted, in spatial light tune
Object light speckle conjugate phase is loaded on device processed；
Pair the reference light that frequency displacement occurs forms the light wave being conjugated with former speckle phase after phase modulation of spatial light modulators, i.e.,
Conjugation compensation is carried out by the scattering light of ultrasound label, the light wave of time reversal is formed, in scattering medium internal ultrasonic focal spot
Realize optical focus.
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| CN114894799A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-12 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Transmission scattering medium focusing device and method based on polarization transmission matrix |
| CN114894799B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-09-26 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Polarization transmission matrix-based transmission scattering medium focusing method |
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Application publication date: 20190111 |