CN109186704A - Evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement and device - Google Patents

Evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement and device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109186704A
CN109186704A CN201811183577.5A CN201811183577A CN109186704A CN 109186704 A CN109186704 A CN 109186704A CN 201811183577 A CN201811183577 A CN 201811183577A CN 109186704 A CN109186704 A CN 109186704A
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Prior art keywords
tubule
balancing pole
evaporation capacity
measuring unit
evaporating dish
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CN201811183577.5A
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CN109186704B (en
Inventor
李思凡
仵峰
魏义长
宰松梅
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01FMEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Level Indicators Using A Float (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to evaporate field of measuring technique.A kind of evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit, including support, evaporating dish, measurement component and control and data acquisition module, pivot joint is provided with balancing pole on the support;The evaporating dish and measurement component are separately positioned on the both ends of the balancing pole;The measurement component includes: tubule, and the tubule lower part is provided with discharge opening, and the discharge opening is provided with the first solenoid valve;Liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level in tubule;The control and data acquisition module control the movement of first solenoid valve, detect the position of the balancing pole, collect and record the data of the liquid level sensor.Also disclose a kind of evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement carried out using above-mentioned evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit.The evaporation capacity of larger area can be converted into isometric minor diameter water body by the application, to improve the precision of data acquisition, and can be realized test constantly.

Description

Evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement and device
Technical field
The invention belongs to evaporate field of measuring technique, and in particular to a kind of evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement and device.
Background technique
Evaporation from water surface or soil water amount evaporation be water resources assessment, soil investigation, hydrologic research, Hydraulic Engineering Design and One of fundamental in climate regionalization, and the data of studying and comparing substantially of research land evaporation.
Although existing evaporation capacity measuring instrument is more, the data of the method measurement of traditional artificial measurement evaporation capacity are had Very big artificial property, and heavy workload, limitation are more.And flowmeter such as ZFH type, magnetostriction type are evaporated in existing automation The technologies such as tester and the high-accuracy water level controlling system based on ultrasonic water level of evaporation, are limited to liquid level sensor precision Factors, the generally existing precision such as insufficient and evaporation capacity measurement environment complexity are unable to satisfy national regulation requirement, automation function The defects of incomplete.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the above problems and insufficient, a kind of evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement and dress are provided It sets, the evaporation capacity of larger area can be converted into isometric minor diameter water body, so that the precision of data acquisition is improved, and It can be realized test constantly.
In order to achieve the above objectives, it is adopted the technical scheme that:
A kind of evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit, comprising: support, pivot joint is provided with balancing pole on the support;Evaporating dish;Measurement Component, the evaporating dish and measurement component are separately positioned on the both ends of the balancing pole;With control and data acquisition module;Its In, the measurement component includes: tubule, and the tubule lower part is provided with discharge opening, and the discharge opening is provided with the first electricity Magnet valve;Liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level in tubule;The control and data acquisition module control first electromagnetism The movement of valve detects the position of the balancing pole, collects and records the data of the liquid level sensor.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the control and data acquisition module include balance Bar position detection component;The balancing pole position detection component includes balance contact and contact chip, and the balance contact setting exists The outside of the balancing pole, the contact chip are arranged on the balancing pole, and corresponding with the balance contact, by described flat The engagement and disconnection of weighing apparatus contact and contact chip, control the movement of the liquid level sensor;Or the balancing pole position detection component Including magnet steel and the Hall element that can incude the magnet steel, the setting of one of both described magnet steel and Hall element is being balanced On bar, another one is correspondingly arranged on the outside of the balancing pole, by detecting the position of the balancing pole, controls the level sensing Device movement.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the tubule is at least one, the tubule top Second solenoid valve is provided at the top of the open or described tubule.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that graduation mark, the evaporation are provided on the tubule Amount self-operated measuring unit further includes the perspex cover and anti-bird net of setting on the outside.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that balance bar ends setting corresponding with the tubule There are counterweight or the balancing pole both ends to be provided with counterweight, the support lower part is provided with supporting table, the setting of supporting table bottom There are traveling wheel and levelling shoe.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit further includes too Positive energy solar panel or battery are electrically connected with the control and data acquisition module.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the area of section of the evaporating dish and cutting for tubule Face area is 1:100 ~ 1:10000.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit further includes certainly Dynamic moisturizing component, the automatic water supplement component is to the tubule or the/evaporating dish progress moisturizing.
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to the present invention, it is preferable that the balancing pole passes through drive-connecting shaft and the support Pivot joint, the drive-connecting shaft are structure as a whole with the balancing pole, and tubule water supply pipe is provided between the drive-connecting shaft and balancing pole Road and evaporating dish water pipe, and tubule water pipe and evaporating dish water pipe with respectively connect with the tubule and evaporating dish It is logical, tubule moisturizing connector and evaporating dish moisturizing connector are respectively arranged at the both ends of the drive-connecting shaft;The automatic water supplement component It include: water tank;Metering pump comprising tubule moisturizing metering pump and evaporating dish moisturizing metering pump;And water-supply-pipe, the tubule are mended Water metering pump be connected to by water-supply-pipe with tubule moisturizing connector and water tank, the evaporating dish moisturizing metering pump pass through water-supply-pipe and Evaporating dish moisturizing connector is connected to water tank.
A kind of evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement is surveyed automatically using the evaporation capacity that above-mentioned evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit carries out Amount specifically includes the following steps: assembling to evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit, and adds in evaporating dish and tubule survey respectively Base-material and water are measured, the leveling of balancing pole is completed;The primary data of liquid level sensor is read, and is recorded;It is adopted according to control and data Collect the setting reading data interval time of module, control solenoid valve sluices, until balancing pole restores balance, reads liquid level at this time and passes The liquid level data of sensor, and record;Data acquisition and the record for repeatedly completing and recording liquid level sensor, obtain evaporation capacity Data information.
By adopting the above technical scheme, acquired beneficial effect is:
The application can effectively realize substantially mentioning for evaporation capacity measurement accuracy for the demand of automation precise measurement evaporation capacity Liter and unattended evaporation measurement and monitoring.Simultaneously by evaporator design requirement analysis, lever-type measurement is devised Structure, and for Demand Design automation evaporative capacity measuring apparatus, design control and data acquisition module and automatic water supplement group Part, to realize sustainable automatic measurement.
The application uses lever principle, and the evaporation capacity of larger area is converted into isometric minor diameter water body;By the water surface Or the small evaporated water in soil is converted into the big height difference of small cross sections area, facilitates the metering of reading and water level sensor With acquisition, the accuracy of its data acquisition is substantially increased.
By the design of automatic water supplement component, the time span and data collection capacity of measurement can be effectively improved, thus So that the reliability of the data parameters to evaporation capacity, is further improved, so that the research for land evaporation provides reliably Data of studying and comparing substantially.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, hereinafter by the attached drawing to the embodiment of the present invention into Row is simple to be introduced.Wherein, attached drawing is used only for showing some embodiments of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments of the invention are limited It is formed on this.
Fig. 1 is according to one of the structural schematic diagram of the evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit of the embodiment of the present invention, and it illustrates branch Seat, evaporating dish, the positional relationship for measuring component.
Fig. 2 is further to be shown according to the second structural representation of the evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit of the embodiment of the present invention The structural relation of hurricane globe, pedestal is gone out.
Fig. 3 is according to the balancing pole of the embodiment of the present invention and the structural schematic diagram of support, and it illustrates balancing poles and pivot joint The internal structure of axis.
Fig. 4 is one of the structural schematic diagram according to the measurement component of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram according to the balancing pole position detection component of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is according to the second structural representation of the measurement component of the embodiment of the present invention, and it illustrates the knots of more tubules Structure schematic diagram.
Serial number in figure:
100 it is support, 110 be balancing pole, 111 be counterweight, 120 be drive-connecting shaft, 130 is fulcrum;
200 be evaporating dish;
300 it is measurement component, 310 be tubule, 320 be liquid level sensor, 330 be discharge opening, 331 be the first solenoid valve, 340 is Balancing pole position detection component, 3401 be balance contact, 3402 be contact chip, 350 be second solenoid valve, 360 be graduation mark, 3701 it is tubule water pipe, 3702 be evaporating dish water pipe, 3703 be tubule moisturizing connector, 3704 is that evaporating dish moisturizing connects Head;
410 it is supporting table, 420 be traveling wheel, 430 be levelling shoe, 440 be hurricane globe, 450 is anti-bird net.
Specific embodiment
In order to enable the purpose of technical solution of the present invention, technical characteristic and technical effect are clearer, it hereinafter will knot The attached drawing for closing the specific embodiment of the invention, is clearly and completely described the exemplary scenario of the embodiment of the present invention.Obviously, institute The embodiment of description is a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described reality of the invention Example is applied, those of ordinary skill in the art's every other embodiment obtained under the premise of being not necessarily to creative work belongs to The scope of protection of the invention.
Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 6, this application discloses a kind of evaporation capacity self-operated measuring units, are used for the evaporation of larger area Amount is converted into isometric minor diameter water body;The small evaporation depth of water in the water surface or soil is converted into the big of small cross sections area Height difference facilitates the metering and acquisition of reading and water level sensor, specifically includes support 100, evaporating dish 200, measurement component 300 With control and data acquisition module, pivot joint is provided with balancing pole 110 on support 100;Evaporating dish 200 and measurement component 300 divide The both ends of balancing pole 110 are not set;Measuring component 300 includes tubule 310 and liquid level sensor 320, and tubule lower part is provided with Discharge opening 330, and discharge opening 330 is provided with the first solenoid valve 331;Liquid level sensor 320 is used to detect the liquid in tubule 310 Position;Control and data acquisition module control the movement of the first solenoid valve 331, detect the position of balancing pole 110, collect and record liquid The data of level sensor 320.
Control and data acquisition module include balancing pole position detection component 340;Balancing pole position detection component 340 includes Contact 3401 and contact chip 3402 are balanced, as shown in figure 5, the outside of balancing pole 110, contact chip is arranged in balance contact 3401 3402 are arranged on balancing pole 110, and corresponding with balance contact 3401, by the engagement for balancing contact 3401 and contact chip 3402 And disconnection, control the movement of liquid level sensor 320.
The structure of its balancing pole position detection component 340 can also be magnet steel and the Hall element for capableing of inductive magnetic steel, magnetic One of both steel and Hall element are arranged on balancing pole, and another one is correspondingly arranged on the outside of balancing pole, flat by detecting The position of weighing apparatus bar, control liquid level sensor movement.
Its specific operating principle is: injecting suitable water in evaporating dish and tubule, and levels balancing pole, balances at this time Bar position detection component 340 provides balanced signal, and the liquid level data of tubule is provided by liquid level sensor;Liquid in ware to be evaporated After evaporation, balancing pole is unbalance, and balancing pole position detection component is caused to separate, according to the interval of control and data acquisition module setting Time, the first solenoid valve of control discharge water, to gradually balancing pole be made to balance again, balancing pole position detection component is connect at this time It closes, provides balanced signal, the first solenoid valve is closed, while detecting liquid level data when restoring balance, according to secondary liquid level data Difference, obtain the first solenoid valve waterdrainage amount, the evaporation capacity of evaporating dish in as this section of period.
It in order to avoid the evaporation of the water in tubule causes the presence of measurement error, therefore can be open knot at the top of its tubule Structure, since tubule size is smaller, evaporation capacity can be ignored, or second solenoid valve is provided at the top of tubule, with One electromagnetic valve linking, so that tubule is in closed state under normal circumstances.
, so that outdoor observation is more intuitive, it can also can implement artificial observation by being provided with graduation mark on tubule Data.
Outdoors when operation, often exist other because influence, will lead to lever system and destroyed, cause to survey automatically The presence of the error of amount, therefore by setting perspex cover and anti-bird net, to avoid the disturbance to lever system.For entire The setting of evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit can be arranged in supporting table 410, can also be led to by structure as shown in Figure 2 It crosses and evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit is integrally placed at underground, i.e., so that evaporating dish is concordant with earth's surface, setting is anti-on evaporating dish top Trammel net, anti-air hose, perspex cover etc. is arranged in tubule outside, so that whole device avoids the influence by extraneous factor.
Due to there are certain asymmetry, and the quality and volume of evaporating dish and tubule be there are biggish difference, therefore two It is had certain problems during person's leveling, therefore by being provided with counterweight or balance in balance bar ends corresponding with tubule Bar both ends are provided with counterweight, so as to be convenient for fast leveling, ensure the convenience of whole equipment debugging assembling.
Further, since lever system in measurement process can be in two states, one is equilibrium state, and one is to lose Weighing apparatus state, and imbalance state frequently can lead to side quick slant to minimum point, therefore in order to avoid tilt angle is excessive, lead to thick stick The failure of lever system, therefore, by the way that fulcrum 130 corresponding with balancing pole 110 is arranged on support 100, to effectively control The gradient of lever ensures its flexibility so that lever realizes balance and unbalance movement in a lesser hunting range, It further, can be by the way that pressure sensor be arranged on fulcrum, thus corresponding active force when detecting unbalance, consequently facilitating right Entire control and the control of data acquisition module are adjusted and instruct, and optimize and control the time point of data acquisition, and guarantee is adopted Collect the accuracy of data.
Due to automatic measurement to be realized, then corresponding control unit, such as chip, microprocessor are needed, and need to control Solenoid valve processed, sensor moved, and therefore, also by setting solar panel or battery, acquired with control and data Module is electrically connected, and realizes the supply of electric energy, the integrality of safeguards system.
As shown in fig. 6, the area of section of evaporating dish and the area of section of tubule are 1:100 ~ 1:10000, in order to further Raising measurement accuracy, the quantity of tubule can be changed, can be one, or more, by more thin The setting of pipe is correspondingly arranged discharge opening and liquid level sensor on every tubule, thus can not only reduce the height of single tubule Degree, and can increase the precision of measurement, and the evaporation capacity in evaporating dish can promote to as low as decades of times, big to thousands of times, on Wan Bei.
Since land evaporation is studied and compared data, the support of lasting big time span, big measurement data parameter is needed, therefore, Need to ensure the sustainability of whole system, therefore by setting automatic water supplement component, component is automatically replenished to tubule or/evaporating dish Moisturizing is carried out, specifically, balancing pole 110 passes through pivot joint this application provides a kind of specific structure is as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 Axis 120 and support 100 are pivotally connected, and drive-connecting shaft 120 is structure as a whole with balancing pole 110, sets between drive-connecting shaft 120 and balancing pole 110 It is equipped with tubule water pipe 3701 and evaporating dish water pipe 3702, and tubule water pipe 3701 and evaporating dish water pipe 3702 with are respectively connected to tubule 310 and evaporating dish 200, are respectively arranged with tubule moisturizing connector at the both ends of drive-connecting shaft 120 3703 and evaporating dish moisturizing connector 3704;Automatic water supplement component includes water tank, metering pump and water-supply-pipe, and metering pump includes thin Pipe moisturizing metering pump and evaporating dish moisturizing metering pump;Tubule moisturizing metering pump passes through water-supply-pipe and tubule moisturizing connector and water tank Connection, evaporating dish moisturizing metering pump are connected to by water-supply-pipe with evaporating dish moisturizing connector and water tank, wherein tubule moisturizing connector 3703 and evaporating dish moisturizing connector 3704 use rotary joint, avoid impacting the rotation of drive-connecting shaft.
Disclosed herein as well is a kind of evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement, are carried out using above-mentioned evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit Evaporation capacity automatic measurement, specifically includes the following steps: being assembled to evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit, and respectively in evaporating dish With addition measurement base-material and water in tubule, measurement base-material can for soil perhaps water resource or other need to evaporate it The base-material measured is measured, the leveling of balancing pole is completed;The primary data of liquid level sensor is read, and is recorded;According to control and The setting reading data interval time of data acquisition module, control solenoid valve sluices, until balancing pole restores balance, reads at this time The liquid level data of liquid level sensor, and record;Data acquisition and the record for repeatedly completing and recording liquid level sensor, obtain and steam The data information of hair amount.
The terms "and/or" indicates may exist three kinds of relationships.For example, A and/or B can be indicated: individualism A, Exist simultaneously A and B, these three situations of individualism B.In addition, it is a kind of that character "/", which typicallys represent forward-backward correlation object, herein The relationship of "or".
Unless otherwise defined, the technical term or scientific term used herein should be in fields of the present invention and has The ordinary meaning that the personage of general technical ability is understood.Used in present patent application specification and claims " the One ", " second " and similar word are not offered as any sequence, quantity or importance, and are used only to distinguish different Component part.Equally, the similar word such as "one" or " one " also not necessarily indicates quantity limitation." comprising " or "comprising" etc. Similar word mean to occur element or object before the word cover the element for appearing in the word presented hereinafter or object and It is equivalent, and is not excluded for other elements or object.The similar word such as " connection " or " connected " not now due to physics or The connection of person's machinery, but may include electrical connection, it is either direct or indirect."upper", "lower", " left side ", " right side " etc. is only used for indicating relative positional relationship, after the absolute position for being described object changes, then the relative positional relationship May correspondingly it change.
It is described in detail exemplary embodiment of the invention above in reference to preferred embodiment, however art technology Personnel it will be appreciated that under the premise of without departing substantially from theory of the present invention, above-mentioned specific embodiment can be made a variety of modifications and Remodeling, and multiple combinations can be carried out to each technical characteristic proposed by the present invention, structure, and without departing from protection model of the invention It encloses, protection scope of the present invention is determined by the attached claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit characterized by comprising
Support, pivot joint is provided with balancing pole on the support;
Evaporating dish;
Component is measured, the evaporating dish and measurement component are separately positioned on the both ends of the balancing pole;
With control and data acquisition module;
Wherein, the measurement component includes:
Tubule, the tubule lower part is provided with discharge opening, and the discharge opening is provided with the first solenoid valve;
And liquid level sensor, it is used to detect the liquid level in tubule;
The control and data acquisition module control the movement of first solenoid valve, detect the position of the balancing pole, acquire And record the data of the liquid level sensor.
2. evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control and data acquisition module Including balancing pole position detection component;
The balancing pole position detection component includes that the balancing pole is arranged in balance contact and contact chip, the balance contact Outside, the contact chip are arranged on the balancing pole, and corresponding with the balance contact, pass through the balance contact and contact The engagement and disconnection of piece, control the movement of the liquid level sensor;
Or the balancing pole position detection component includes magnet steel and the Hall element that can incude the magnet steel, the magnet steel and suddenly One of both your elements are arranged on balancing pole, and another one is correspondingly arranged on the outside of the balancing pole, by described in detection The position of balancing pole controls the liquid level sensor movement.
3. evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the tubule is at least one, institute It states and is provided with second solenoid valve at the top of tubule open top or the tubule.
4. evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be provided with scale on the tubule Line, the evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit further include the perspex cover and anti-bird net of setting on the outside.
5. evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that balancing pole corresponding with the tubule End is provided with counterweight or the balancing pole both ends are provided with counterweight;
The support lower part is provided with supporting table, supporting table bottom is provided with traveling wheel and levelling shoe.
6. evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit Further include solar panel or battery, is electrically connected with the control and data acquisition module.
7. -6 any evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the section of the evaporating dish The area of section of area and tubule is 1:100 ~ 1:10000.
8. -6 any evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the evaporation capacity is surveyed automatically Amount device further includes automatic water supplement component, and the automatic water supplement component is to the tubule or the progress moisturizing of/evaporating dish.
9. evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the balancing pole by drive-connecting shaft with The support pivot joint, the drive-connecting shaft are structure as a whole with the balancing pole, are provided between the drive-connecting shaft and balancing pole thin Pipe water pipe and evaporating dish water pipe, and tubule water pipe and evaporating dish water pipe with respectively with the tubule and Evaporating dish connection, is respectively arranged with tubule moisturizing connector and evaporating dish moisturizing connector at the both ends of the drive-connecting shaft;
The automatic water supplement component includes:
Water tank;
Metering pump comprising tubule moisturizing metering pump and evaporating dish moisturizing metering pump;
And water-supply-pipe, the tubule moisturizing metering pump are connected to by water-supply-pipe with tubule moisturizing connector and water tank, the evaporation Ware moisturizing metering pump is connected to by water-supply-pipe with evaporating dish moisturizing connector and water tank.
10. a kind of evaporation capacity method for automatic measurement, which is characterized in that automatic using any evaporation capacity of claim 1-9 The evaporation capacity automatic measurement that measuring device carries out, specifically includes the following steps:
Evaporation capacity self-operated measuring unit is assembled, and addition measurement base-material and water in evaporating dish and tubule respectively, is completed The leveling of balancing pole;
The primary data of liquid level sensor is read, and is recorded;
According to control and the setting reading data interval time of data acquisition module, control solenoid valve sluices, until balancing pole is extensive Multiple equilibria, reads the liquid level data of liquid level sensor at this time, and records;
Data acquisition and the record for repeatedly completing and recording liquid level sensor, obtain the data information of evaporation capacity.
CN201811183577.5A 2018-10-11 2018-10-11 Automatic measuring method and device for evaporation capacity Active CN109186704B (en)

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CN109186704B CN109186704B (en) 2024-04-12

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CN110898446A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-03-24 南京林业大学 Dual-mode measurement large evaporator

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CN110898446A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-03-24 南京林业大学 Dual-mode measurement large evaporator
CN110898446B (en) * 2019-12-10 2023-04-25 南京林业大学 Dual-mode measurement large-scale evaporator

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