CN109186645B - Pump light signal-to-noise ratio improving device and method applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation - Google Patents
Pump light signal-to-noise ratio improving device and method applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pumping optical signal-to-noise ratio improving device and method applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation, wherein the pumping optical signal-to-noise ratio improving device comprises: the device comprises a first modulator, a first zero bias controller, a first polarization maintaining coupler, a polarization maintaining amplifier, a second modulator, a second zero bias controller, a second coupler and a signal source. The method for improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light comprises the following steps: (1) shaping: realizing the shaping and polarization-maintaining output of a pulse sequence for the pump light waveform; (2) amplification: amplifying, improving and polarization maintaining the power of the pump light signal; (3) chopping: the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light is improved by a chopping technology. Compared with the prior art, the invention can effectively improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light, and has the advantages of better applicability, controllable cost, strong noise inhibition and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a distributed optical fiber Brillouin strain and temperature sensor, belongs to the technical field of distributed optical fiber sensing, and mainly relates to a pumping light signal-to-noise ratio improving device and method applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation.
Background
Distributed optical fiber sensing is a novel sensing method, wherein optical fibers are used as sensing media and are distributed on the surface or inside of an object, and the strain and temperature distribution condition on the surface or inside of the object can be measured. Compared with the traditional monitoring means, the distributed optical fiber sensing technology has the following advantages:
(1) the strain condition of any position point reached by each sensing optical cable can be accurately given, and errors caused by theoretical modeling calculation are avoided.
(2) The strain condition of the structure can be accurately positioned, the stress condition of the abnormal strain part can be conveniently checked, and faults can be checked.
(3) And the cost of the sensor is greatly reduced by adopting the communication optical cable.
(4) Once the optical cable is damaged, the damaged position of the optical cable is conveniently positioned and maintained by using technologies such as OTDR and the like.
(6) Compared with non-optical fiber monitoring schemes such as a resistance type and a vibration wire type, the distributed optical fiber strain monitoring system realizes photoelectric separation, has no electricity at a sensing end, has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability, and is suitable for explosion-proof, radiation, high-temperature and dangerous places such as coal mines, oil fields, power plants, oil refineries, steel furnaces and the like.
The core component of the distributed optical fiber sensing technology is a demodulator, which is used for inputting two beams of light to two ends of an optical fiber and resolving a scattering signal returned from the optical fiber into strain and temperature change. When the pumping light and the detection light meet in the optical fiber, a Brillouin scattering effect is generated when the frequency difference is within a Brillouin spectrum, and the detection light intensity is changed by the pumping light. When the probe light is swept, the brillouin spectral characteristics of each position point in the optical fiber can be measured. Because the Brillouin spectrum and the stress and temperature of the optical fiber are in a linear relation in a certain range, the strain and temperature distribution of each position point of the optical fiber can be calculated by measuring the Brillouin spectrum.
Because the signal of the Brillouin scattering optical signal is 20dB lower than that of the pumping light and is generally lower than-40 dBm, and the incident light power threshold of a general detector is higher than-45 dBm, the signal-to-noise ratio of the scattering optical signal is lower, and the difficulty is caused to the back-end demodulation. Polarization fluctuations also introduce additional noise. In addition, due to the limitation of the linear operating point of the modulator, the pump light is often mixed in the pump light time domain noise, which further degrades the signal-to-noise ratio of the scattered light. The modulator is affected by environmental factors such as temperature, and the working point may drift, so that the power of the signal part and the noise part of the pump light may fluctuate, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the scattered light is affected.
In a patent formed in the aspect of a demodulator in China, a Raman amplification technology is adopted in the patent CN200710156868 to improve the power of pump light, but the time domain noise of the pump light is also synchronously improved, and the Raman noise is introduced to limit the improvement of the signal to noise ratio of the pump light, and a Raman amplification subsystem is introduced in the scheme to improve the cost of the whole machine. Patent CN201310124500 combines pulse coding and coherent detection, and raises the power threshold of the detector, but introduces coding noise, raises the detection cost, and raises the decoding complexity. Patent CN201610953109 adopts pulse pair to raise the input level of pump light, but the time base jitter of the pulse pair needs to be precisely controlled, and the waveforms of two pulses need to be accurately conditioned, which increases the demodulation difficulty.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a pumping light signal-to-noise ratio improving device and a pumping light signal-to-noise ratio improving method applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation.
The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical means. A pumping light signal-to-noise ratio improving device applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation is based on an amplification chopping technology and comprises: the device comprises a first modulator, a first zero bias controller, a first polarization maintaining coupler, a polarization maintaining amplifier, a second modulator, a second zero bias controller, a second coupler and a signal source.
The first modulator has an optical input, an optical output and two electrical inputs, and the optical input and the optical output are both polarization-maintaining optical paths.
The first zero bias controller has an optical input and an electrical output.
The first polarization-maintaining coupler is provided with an optical input and two optical outputs, and the optical input and the optical output are both polarization-maintaining optical paths.
The polarization-maintaining amplifier is provided with an optical input and an optical output, and the optical input and the optical output are polarization-maintaining optical paths.
The second modulator has an optical input, an optical output, and two electrical inputs, the optical input being a polarization maintaining optical path.
The second zero bias controller has an optical input and an electrical output.
The second coupler has an optical input and two optical outputs.
The source has two electrical outputs.
The optical input of the first modulator is connected with the output signal of the light source, the optical output is connected with the optical input of the first polarization-maintaining coupler, one electrical input is connected with the electrical output of the first zero bias controller, and the other electrical input is connected with one electrical output of the information source. One path of optical output of the first polarization-maintaining coupler is connected with the optical input of the first zero bias controller, and the other path of optical output is connected with the optical input of the polarization-maintaining amplifier. The optical output of the polarization maintaining amplifier is connected with the optical input of the second modulator. One electrical input of the second modulator is connected with the electrical output of the second zero bias controller, the other electrical input of the second modulator is connected with the other circuit electrical output of the information source, and the optical output of the second modulator is connected with the optical input of the second coupler. And one path of optical output of the second coupler is connected with the optical input of the second zero bias controller, and the other path of optical output is used as pump light output.
The invention also provides a pumping light signal-to-noise ratio improving method applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation, which comprises the following steps:
(1) shaping: realizing the shaping and polarization-maintaining output of a pulse sequence for the pump light waveform;
(2) amplification: amplifying, improving and polarization maintaining the power of the pump light signal;
(3) chopping: the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light is improved by a chopping technology.
In the step (1), the input is continuous light, and waveform shaping and polarization-maintaining output can be realized through a modulator with double-end polarization maintaining and a zero-point bias controller.
In the step (2), the power boost and the polarization maintaining output of the pump light are realized through the polarization maintaining amplifier.
In the step (3), the chopper technique can realize the suppression of the pump light noise and the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio through the modulator and the zero bias controller.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. two modulators and one amplifier are adopted to realize modulation, amplification and chopping, the power of pump light is improved, the pump signal in the background noise is inhibited, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light is improved.
2. The modulator adopts zero bias control to control the working point of the modulator at zero, reduce the noise power of the pump light and stabilize the power drift of the pump light.
3. And a partial polarization-maintaining light path is adopted, full polarization maintaining is adopted in a seed generation part of the pump light, and non-polarization-maintaining output is realized at an output end, so that polarization fluctuation noise is inhibited, and the demodulation cost is controlled.
Through the distributed optical fiber strain demodulator implemented by the patent, the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light of the demodulator can be improved by 10 dB.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a signal-to-noise ratio improving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating a working flow of the signal-to-noise ratio improving method according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a pump optical signal-to-noise ratio improving device and method applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation, and the invention is further explained by combining with the embodiment.
Referring to fig. 1, a pump optical signal-to-noise ratio improving apparatus applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation includes: the device comprises a first modulator 1, a first zero bias controller 2, a first polarization maintaining coupler 3, a polarization maintaining amplifier 4, a second modulator 5, a second zero bias controller 6, a second coupler 7 and a signal source 8. The first modulator 1 has an optical input, an optical output, and two electrical inputs, and both the optical input and the optical output are polarization maintaining optical paths. The first zero bias controller 2 has an optical input and an electrical output. The first polarization maintaining coupler 3 has an optical input and two optical outputs, and both the optical input and the optical output are polarization maintaining optical paths. The polarization-maintaining amplifier 4 has an optical input and an optical output, and both the optical input and the optical output are polarization-maintaining optical paths. The second modulator 5 has an optical input, an optical output, and two electrical inputs, where the optical input is a polarization maintaining optical path. The second zero bias controller 6 has an optical input and an electrical output. The second coupler 7 has one optical input and two optical outputs. The source 8 has two electrical outputs.
The input power of the light source is 7dBm, the wavelength is 1550.12nm, and the line width is less than 1 kHz. The first modulator and the second modulator can adopt LN modulators with the bandwidth of 10GHz and the extinction ratio of more than 20dB, and the first modulator is a polarization-maintaining light input and a polarization-maintaining light output. The signal input by the source to the first modulator is a sequence of electrical pulses with a pulse width of 20ns, a period of 500 mus, and a peak-to-peak value of 5 Vpp. The coupling ratio of the first polarization maintaining coupler is 99: 1. the light output by the first modulator passes through the polarization-maintaining coupler, 99% of the light output is connected with the polarization-maintaining amplifier, and 1% of the light output is connected to the first zero bias controller to serve as reference light. The first zero bias controller controls the operating point of the first modulator to be near zero. The polarization maintaining amplifier boosts the power of the pump light, the peak power is boosted to more than 20dBm, and the pump light is input into the second modulator. The optical input of the second modulator is polarization maintaining and the optical output is connected to the optical input of the second coupler. The coupling ratio of the second coupler is 99: the 1, 99% end is used as pump light output, and the 1% light output is connected to the first zero bias controller as reference light. The second zero bias controller controls the operating point of the second modulator to be near the zero point, and suppresses the time domain noise of the pump light. The signal output of the pump light is above-20 dBm, the peak power is improved from 10dBm to above 20dBm, and the signal-to-noise ratio is improved from 10dB to above 20 dB.
Referring to fig. 2, a method for improving a signal-to-noise ratio of pump light applied to strain demodulation of a distributed optical fiber includes the following steps:
(1) shaping: realizing the shaping and polarization-maintaining output of a pulse sequence for the pump light waveform;
(2) amplification: amplifying, improving and polarization maintaining the power of the pump light signal;
(3) chopping: the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light is improved by a chopping technology.
In the step (1), the continuous light input by the light source is modulated and adjusted to form a pulse sequence with a certain pulse width and duty ratio. The modulation process can be realized by adopting an acousto-optic modulator, an electro-optic modulator and the like. In order to suppress the noise of the pulse sequence and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the seed optical path, the working voltage of the modulator can be locked at the zero point through the bias voltage controller. In order to suppress the polarization fluctuation noise, the step (1) may be controlled to be fully polarization-maintaining.
In the step (2), the pump pulse sequence is amplified, and the power of the signal part and the noise part of the pulse are improved. The suppression of polarization fluctuation noise can be realized by a double-end polarization-preserving amplifier. The amplifier can be selected from semiconductor optical amplifier, erbium-doped fiber amplifier, etc.
In the step (3), the time domain noise of the pumping pulse sequence is chopped, and the noise part power of the pulse is suppressed. The chopping can be realized by adopting an electro-optic modulator, and in order to further suppress noise, the working voltage of the modulator can be locked at zero point by bias voltage control crying.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art may apply the above modifications or changes to the equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, and any simple modification, equivalent change and change made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical spirit of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to pump light SNR hoisting device of distributed optical fiber strain demodulation which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: the device comprises a first modulator (1), a first zero bias controller (2), a first polarization-preserving coupler (3), a polarization-preserving amplifier (4), a second modulator (5), a second zero bias controller (6), a second coupler (7) and a signal source (8);
the first modulator (1) is provided with an optical input, an optical output and two electrical inputs, and the optical input and the optical output are both polarization-maintaining optical paths;
said first zero bias controller (2) having an optical input and an electrical output;
the first polarization-maintaining coupler (3) is provided with an optical input and two optical outputs, and the optical input and the optical output are both polarization-maintaining optical paths;
the polarization-maintaining amplifier (4) is provided with an optical input and an optical output, and the optical input and the optical output are polarization-maintaining optical paths;
the second modulator (5) is provided with an optical input, an optical output and two electrical inputs, and the optical input is a polarization-maintaining optical path;
said second zero bias controller (6) having an optical input and an electrical output;
said second coupler (7) having an optical input and two optical outputs;
the signal source (8) has two electrical outputs;
the optical input of the first modulator (1) is connected with the output signal of the light source, the optical output is connected with the optical input of the first polarization-maintaining coupler (3), one electrical input is connected with the electrical output of the first zero bias controller (2), and the other electrical input is connected with one electrical output of the information source (8); one path of optical output of the first polarization-maintaining coupler (3) is connected with the optical input of the first zero bias controller (2), and the other path of optical output is connected with the optical input of the polarization-maintaining amplifier (4); the optical output of the polarization-maintaining amplifier (4) is connected with the optical input of the second modulator (5); one electrical input of the second modulator (5) is connected with the electrical output of the second zero bias controller (6), the other electrical input is connected with the other circuit electrical output of the signal source (8), and the optical output is connected with the optical input of the second coupler (7); one path of optical output of the second coupler (7) is connected with the optical input of the second zero bias controller (6), and the other path of optical output is used as pump optical output.
2. A method for using the pump optical signal-to-noise ratio enhancement device applied to distributed optical fiber strain demodulation in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) shaping: realizing the shaping and polarization-maintaining output of a pulse sequence for the pump light waveform;
(2) amplification: amplifying, improving and polarization maintaining the power of the pump light signal;
(3) chopping: the signal-to-noise ratio of the pump light is improved by a chopping technology;
in the step (1), the input is continuous light, and the waveform shaping and polarization-maintaining output are realized through a modulator with double-end polarization maintaining and a zero-point bias controller;
in the step (2), the power boost and polarization maintaining output of the pump light are realized through the polarization maintaining amplifier;
in the step (3), the suppression of the pump light noise and the improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio are realized through the modulator and the zero bias controller.
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| JP2003337357A (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2003-11-28 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Four-light-wave mixing generator |
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| JP2003337357A (en) * | 2002-05-21 | 2003-11-28 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Four-light-wave mixing generator |
| CN102997949A (en) * | 2012-12-18 | 2013-03-27 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Method used for measuring temperature and strain simultaneously and based on brillouin scattering |
| CN104568019A (en) * | 2015-02-06 | 2015-04-29 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Multimode fiber-based method and multimode fiber-based system for simultaneously measuring temperature and strain |
| CN105865656A (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2016-08-17 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Single-end RBOTDA sensing system for inhibiting non-local effect at high signal-to-noise ratio |
| CN105571507A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-05-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Single-ended vector BOTDA dynamic strain measurement method, and measurement apparatus thereof |
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