CN109185699B - Hydrogenation method and system simultaneously suitable for filling pressure of 70MPa and 35MPa - Google Patents
Hydrogenation method and system simultaneously suitable for filling pressure of 70MPa and 35MPa Download PDFInfo
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- CN109185699B CN109185699B CN201811205836.XA CN201811205836A CN109185699B CN 109185699 B CN109185699 B CN 109185699B CN 201811205836 A CN201811205836 A CN 201811205836A CN 109185699 B CN109185699 B CN 109185699B
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 120
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 735
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 735
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 716
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 203
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/063—Fluid distribution for supply of refuelling stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogenation method and a hydrogenation system which are simultaneously applicable to 70 and 35MPa filling pressure, wherein the hydrogenation system comprises an in-station hydrogen production unit, an external hydrogen supply unit, a buffer tank, a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, a low-pressure hydrogenation unit and a high-pressure hydrogenation unit. The hydrogenation method utilizes a hydrogenation system to fill hydrogen to the end user. The hydrogen source can be from two types of hydrogen production in the station and hydrogen supply outside, and can be used for supplementing the hydrogen when the hydrogen production equipment in the station fails or has insufficient output, and can also be used for directly filling and selling hydrogen to the empty long tube trailer when the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount of the hydrogen adding station; by setting the compression equipment and the hydrogen storage bottle group with 2 different design pressure levels, the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles can be reduced, the storage risk is reduced, the hydrogen filling of two filling pressures can be realized in one hydrogenation station, and the utilization rate of the hydrogen compression equipment and the hydrogen storage equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to a hydrogenation method and a hydrogenation system which are simultaneously applicable to 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure.
Background
The hydrogen energy source is a high-efficiency, clean and sustainable development carbon-free energy source, and has been widely paid attention to all countries in the world, and the traffic field mainly comprising hydrogen fuel cell automobiles is one of important directions of hydrogen energy utilization. The bottleneck of the utilization and development of hydrogen energy in the traffic field at present is mainly the construction of a hydrogenation station, and the deficiency of hydrogenation infrastructure becomes the biggest obstacle for the development of the hydrogen energy industry in China at present.
Hydrogen sources of hydrogen stations are mainly divided into two types, namely external hydrogen supply and internal hydrogen production. Hydrogen production and hydrogen adding stations in the stations are mature abroad, and hydrogen adding stations running in China are limited by various factors, and all adopt an external hydrogen supply mode. However, with the continuous maturity of technology and the continuous perfection of relevant laws and regulations in China, the hydrogen production in the station is expected to become the future development trend of the hydrogen adding station in China.
The hydrogen filling pressure of the hydrogenation station is 35MPa and 70MPa at present. The hydrogen adding station with 35MPa filling pressure is common (most of hydrogen adding stations operated in China are 35MPa filling), and the terminal users comprise fuel cell buses, logistics vehicles and the like; there are still few hydrogen stations at present at 70MPa filling pressure, and the end users are mainly cars and the like.
The conventional hydrogen adding station with 70MPa filling pressure existing in the world at present has the process system flow basically shown in figures 1 and 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, hydrogen of 0.6-3 MPa produced by an in-station hydrogen production purification device 1 ' is temporarily stored in a buffer tank 2 ', is pressurized to more than 80MPa (such as 87.5 MPa) by a hydrogen compression device 3 ' (a multi-stage compressor or pump), and is respectively stored in a hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' by valves 7 ', 8 ' and 9 '. The hydrogen storage bottle group 4' consists of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, and is divided into three grades of high, medium and low pressure hydrogen storage bottles.
As shown in FIG. 2, after the hydrogen gas of 5-20 MPa transported by the hydrogen tube trailer 11 ' is discharged by the hydrogen discharge device 12 ', the hydrogen gas is pressurized to more than 80MPa (such as 87.5 MPa) by the hydrogen compression device 3 ' (compressor or pump), and the hydrogen gas is respectively stored in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' by the valves 7 ', 8 ' and 9 '. The hydrogen storage bottle group 4' consists of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, and is divided into three grades of high, medium and low pressure hydrogen storage bottles.
When hydrogen is filled into the terminal user 6 ' through the hydrogenator 5 ' with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the hydrogen compression device 3 ' stops running, firstly, the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is hydrogenated into the terminal user 6 ' through the valves 9 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenator 5 ', after the two pressures are balanced, if the hydrogen filling pressure of the terminal user 6 ' does not meet the requirement (such as 70 MPa), the terminal user is continuously switched to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle to hydrogenate the terminal user 6 ' through the valves 8 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenator 5 ' until the pressure is balanced, and finally, the terminal user 6 ' is hydrogenated into the pressure balance through the valves 7 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenator 5 ', so that the hydrogen filling pressure of the terminal user 6 ' finally reaches the required value (such as 70 MPa).
As the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is consumed, its pressure is continuously decreased. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is lower than a certain pressure requirement (such as 70 MPa), the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 'stops supplying the hydrogen to the hydrogenation machine 5'. At this time, the compression device 3 'is started, hydrogen in the outlet buffer tank of the hydrogen production device in the upstream station or the hydrogen supply long tube trailer is pumped, and after being pressurized, each hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is sequentially filled with hydrogen, and the pressure of the hydrogen is restored to a required value (for example, 80-87.5 MPa). In this case, the compressor 3 'can also supply gas directly to the hydrogenation unit 5' via the valve 10 ', but the valves 7', 8 ', 9' are closed.
As can be seen from the above process, the conventional 70 MPa-filled pressure hydrogen addition station process system has the following problems:
(1) Because the hydrogen filling port and the hydrogen output port of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' are the same port, when the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' supplies gas to the hydrogenation machine 9 ', the hydrogen compression device 3 ' cannot work, and the utilization rate of the hydrogen compression device 3 ' is lower.
(2) Although the hydrogen storage bottles are artificially classified into three grades of high, medium and low pressure, the rated working pressure of each hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is 87.5MPa, the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is large, and the risk is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hydrogenation system and a hydrogenation method which can be simultaneously applied to 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure in one hydrogenation station, and simultaneously provides a reconstruction method for the existing 35MPa hydrogenation station.
An aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogenation system simultaneously applicable to 70 and 35MPa filling pressure, characterized in that the hydrogenation system comprises an in-station hydrogen production unit, an external hydrogen supply unit, a buffer tank, a low pressure hydrogen compression unit, a low pressure hydrogen storage unit, a high pressure hydrogen compression unit, a high pressure hydrogen storage unit, a low pressure hydrogenation unit and a high pressure hydrogenation unit, wherein,
the hydrogen production unit and the external hydrogen supply unit in the station are respectively connected with a buffer tank through a hydrogen supply branch provided with a hydrogen supply control valve, the buffer tank is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit through a low-pressure hydrogen storage branch provided with a first control valve;
the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the low-pressure hydrogenation unit through a low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch which is sequentially provided with a second control valve and a third control valve, the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit and the first control valve;
a high-pressure hydrogen storage branch connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected between the second control valve and the third control valve of the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch, and a fourth control valve, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit and a fifth control valve are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch along the hydrogen flow direction;
the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the high-pressure hydrogenation unit through a high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch provided with a sixth control valve, the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the fifth control valve and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system which is simultaneously applicable to 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure, a hydrogen filling branch connected with an external hydrogen supply unit is further connected between the second control valve on the low-pressure hydrogen conveying branch and the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen conveying branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the hydrogen filling branch is provided with a first pressure reducing valve and a seventh control valve.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system which is simultaneously applicable to 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure, a switching branch connected with the high-pressure hydrogen conveying branch is further connected between the third control valve and the junction of the low-pressure hydrogen conveying branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and an eighth control valve is arranged on the switching branch.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system applicable to both 70 and 35MPa filling pressure, the in-station hydrogen production unit is an in-station hydrogen production purification device, and a hydrogen supply control valve is arranged on a hydrogen supply branch connected with the buffer tank of the in-station hydrogen production unit.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system which is simultaneously applicable to 70 and 35MPa filling pressure, the external hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen long pipe trailer, and the hydrogen supply control valve arranged on the hydrogen supply branch connected with the buffer tank of the external hydrogen supply unit comprises a second pressure reducing valve and a ninth control valve.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system which is simultaneously applicable to 70 and 35MPa filling pressure, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, the initial hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40-45 MPa, and the filling pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is 35MPa; the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, the initial hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 80-87.5 MPa, and the filling pressure of the high-pressure hydrogenation unit is 70MPa.
The invention also provides a hydrogenation method which is simultaneously suitable for the filling pressure of 70MPa and 35MPa, and hydrogen is filled into the terminal user by utilizing the hydrogenation system which is simultaneously suitable for the filling pressure of 70MPa and 35 MPa.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogenation process is applicable to both 70 and 35MPa injection pressures, said hydrogenation process comprising the steps of:
A. extracting hydrogen from an in-station hydrogen production unit or an external hydrogen supply unit in a buffer tank by using a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, pressurizing, and filling the hydrogen into a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit by using the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, and then filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure;
B. when the hydrogen is needed to be filled into the second terminal user through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills the hydrogen into the second terminal user through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit until the hydrogen pressure of the second terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the second terminal user to reach a required value, switching and starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract hydrogen in the buffer tank and directly filling hydrogen into the second terminal user through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the second terminal user reaches the required value, wherein the hydrogen pressure required value of the second terminal user is 35MPa;
when hydrogen is required to be filled into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills hydrogen into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit until the hydrogen pressure of the first terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the first end user to reach a required value, switching and starting the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit and directly filling hydrogen into the first end user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user reaches the required value, wherein the hydrogen pressure required value of the first end user is 70MPa;
C. when the hydrogen is needed to be supplemented into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit in the station or the hydrogen supply unit outside the station in the buffer tank, pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit by using the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure;
D. and (3) circularly performing the step B and the step C to hydrogenate the end user.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation method which is simultaneously applicable to 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure, when the second control valve on the low-pressure hydrogen conveying branch and the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen conveying branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch are also connected with the hydrogen charging branch which is connected with the external hydrogen supply unit and is provided with the first pressure reducing valve and the seventh control valve, and under the condition that the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount,
filling hydrogen into the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit by the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit to reach a required value, switching and starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank and directly filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit reaches the required value.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation method which is simultaneously applicable to 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure, when a switching branch which is connected with a high-pressure hydrogen transmission branch and is provided with an eighth control valve is also connected between the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch on the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch and the third control valve, and under the condition that hydrogen needs to be filled into a first terminal user through a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills hydrogen into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit until the hydrogen pressure of the first terminal user reaches balance, and then the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills hydrogen into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit until the hydrogen pressure of the first terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the first end user to reach the required value, switching and starting the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and directly filling the hydrogen into the first end user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user reaches the required value.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen source can be from two types of hydrogen production in the station and hydrogen supply outside, so that the reliability of the hydrogen adding station is improved; in addition, the hydrogen can be supplied to the hydrogen adding station by using the outside of the long tube trailer, and when the hydrogen preparing capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount of the hydrogen adding station, the empty long tube trailer can be directly filled and sold with the hydrogen; 2 compression devices with different design pressure levels and hydrogen storage bottle groups (rated working pressure is 45MPa and 87.5MPa respectively) are arranged, so that the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is reduced, and the hydrogen storage danger is reduced; in addition, the invention can realize the hydrogen filling of two filling pressures in one hydrogen filling station, and improves the utilization rate of the hydrogen compression equipment and the hydrogen storage equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structural principle of a hydrogen production and hydrogen adding station in a conventional 70MPa filling pressure station in the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structural principle of a conventional 70MPa filling pressure external hydrogen supply hydrogenation station in the prior art.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogenation system adapted for both 70 and 35MPa charging pressures in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-in-station hydrogen production unit, 2-buffer tank, 3-low pressure hydrogen compression unit, 4-low pressure hydrogen storage unit, 5-high pressure hydrogen compression unit, 6-high pressure hydrogen storage unit, 7-high pressure hydrogenation unit, 8-low pressure hydrogenation unit, 9-first end user, 10-second end user, 11-external hydrogen supply unit, 12-first control valve, 13-fourth control valve, 14-fifth control valve, 15-sixth control valve, 16-eighth control valve, 17-third control valve, 18-seventh control valve, 19-first pressure reducing valve, 20-second control valve, 21-ninth control valve, 22-second pressure reducing valve, 23-check valve, 24-hydrogen supply branch, 25-low pressure hydrogen storage branch, 26-low pressure hydrogen transfer branch, 27-high pressure hydrogen storage branch, 28-high pressure hydrogen transfer branch, 29-hydrogen charging branch, 30-switching branch.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The hydrogenation method and system suitable for 70 and 35MPa filling pressure are specifically described below, and the structure and principle of the hydrogenation system are described first.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogenation system adapted for both 70 and 35MPa charging pressures in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogenation system suitable for 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressures simultaneously includes an in-station hydrogen production unit 1, an external hydrogen supply unit 11, a buffer tank 2, a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3, a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5, a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6, a low-pressure hydrogenation unit 9 and a high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7.
Specifically, the in-station hydrogen production unit 1 and the external hydrogen supply unit 11 are connected to the buffer tank 2 through a hydrogen supply branch 24 provided with a hydrogen supply control valve, respectively, the buffer tank 2 is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 through a low-pressure hydrogen storage branch 25 provided with a first control valve 12, so that hydrogen stored in the buffer tank 2 can be stored in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 after being pressurized.
The hydrogen production unit 1 comprises an in-station hydrogen production purification device, a hydrogen source of the in-station hydrogen production unit can be from natural gas reforming, methanol cracking, electrolyzed water and the like, a hydrogen supply control valve check valve 23 is arranged on a hydrogen supply branch 4 connected with the buffer tank 2 of the in-station hydrogen production unit 1, and the check valve 23 can prevent hydrogen from flowing to the in-station hydrogen production unit 1 when the external hydrogen supply unit 11 supplies hydrogen to the buffer tank 2. The external hydrogen supply unit 11 may be a hydrogen long pipe trailer, and the hydrogen supply control valve provided on the hydrogen supply branch 24 connected to the buffer tank 2 by the external hydrogen supply unit 11 includes a second pressure reducing valve 22 and a ninth control valve 21, so that the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit 11 can be stored in the buffer tank 2 after being depressurized.
The low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is connected with the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8 through a low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26 provided with a second control valve 20 and a third control valve 17 in sequence, the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26 is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen storage branch 25, and the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch 25 is positioned between the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 and the first control valve 12, so that the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 can directly charge hydrogen to the second end user 10 through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8.
According to the invention, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, the initial hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40-45 MPa, and the filling pressure of the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8 is 35MPa, so that the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is mainly suitable for hydrogen filling of end users such as fuel cell buses, logistics vehicles and the like.
A high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27 connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is connected between the second control valve 20 and the third control valve 17 of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26, and a fourth control valve 13, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 and a fifth control valve 14 are sequentially provided on the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27 along the hydrogen flow direction, whereby the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 can supply hydrogen to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 through the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5.
The high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 7 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 via a high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 28 provided with a sixth control valve 15, the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 28 is connected to the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27 and the junction of the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 28 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27 is located between the fifth control valve 14 and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5, whereby the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 can directly fill the first end user 9 with hydrogen via the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7.
According to the invention, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 7 consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, the initial hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 80-87.5 MPa, and the filling pressure of the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 is 70MPa.
In addition, in order to effectively utilize the produced hydrogen when the hydrogen production capacity exceeds the self-hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen station, a charging branch 29 connected with the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 11 is also connected between the second control valve 20 on the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch 26 and the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch 26 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27, the charging branch 29 is provided with a first pressure reducing valve 19 and a seventh control valve 18, the external hydrogen supply unit 11 can be charged with the hydrogen after-sale hydrogen through the charging branch 29, and when the failure or the power of the hydrogen production equipment in the station does not meet the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen station, the hydrogen can be supplied through the external hydrogen supply of the external hydrogen supply unit 11, so that the reliability of the hydrogen station is improved.
The invention is preferably provided with an interface matched with the external hydrogen supply unit 11, which can be used for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen adding station from outside of the external hydrogen supply unit, and can be used for filling and selling hydrogen to the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit through the interface when the hydrogen preparing capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount of the hydrogen adding station;
in addition, in order to ensure the operation of the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 to the first end user 9, a switching branch 30 connected with the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 28 is further connected between the third control valve and the junction of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27 on the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26, and the eighth control valve 16 is arranged on the switching branch 30, so that the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 can fill hydrogen to the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 through the switching branch 30.
The invention also provides a hydrogenation method which is simultaneously suitable for 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure, and particularly hydrogen is filled into the terminal user by utilizing the hydrogenation system which is simultaneously suitable for 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the hydrogenation process comprises the steps of:
A. the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is utilized to extract hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit 1 or the external hydrogen supply unit 11 in the buffer tank 2, and the hydrogen is charged into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 to the initial hydrogen pressure after being pressurized; the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is extracted by the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5, and is further pressurized and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 to the initial hydrogen pressure. Wherein, the initial hydrogen pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is 40-45 MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is 80-87.5 MPa.
B. When the hydrogen needs to be filled into the second end user 10 through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 fills the hydrogen into the second end user 10 through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8 until the hydrogen pressure of the second end user 10 reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the second end user 10 to reach the required value, switching to start the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank 2 and directly filling the hydrogen into the second end user 10 through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8 after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the second end user 10 reaches the required value, wherein the hydrogen pressure required value of the second end user 10 is 35MPa;
when the hydrogen is required to be filled into the first terminal user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 fills the hydrogen into the first terminal user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 until the hydrogen pressure of the first terminal user 9 reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 to reach the required value, switching to start the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 to extract the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 and directly filling the hydrogen into the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 reaches the required value, wherein the required value of the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 is 70MPa;
C. when the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 needs to be supplemented with hydrogen, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is started to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank 2 from the hydrogen production unit 1 in the station or the hydrogen supply unit 11 outside, and the hydrogen is charged into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 after being pressurized to restore to the initial hydrogen pressure; the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is utilized to extract the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and the hydrogen is further pressurized and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 to restore to the initial hydrogen pressure;
D. and (3) circularly performing the step B and the step C to hydrogenate the end user.
In addition, when a hydrogen charging branch which is connected with the external hydrogen supply unit 11 and is provided with a first pressure reducing valve 19 and a seventh control valve 18 is also connected between the second control valve 20 on the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 25 and the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27, and when the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 fills hydrogen into the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 11 until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 11 reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 11 to reach the required value, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is switched and started to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank 2 and directly fill the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit 11 after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 11 reaches the required value.
When a switching branch 30 which is connected with a high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 28 and is provided with an eighth control valve 16 is also connected between the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 27 and the third control valve 17 on the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 26, and under the condition that hydrogen needs to be filled into the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills hydrogen into the first end user 9 through the 4 high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 reaches balance, and then the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 fills hydrogen into the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is also insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 to reach the required value, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is switched and started to extract the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and hydrogen is directly filled into the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 reaches the required value.
As can be seen from the above structure, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 of the present invention supplies 70MPa hydrogen to the first end user 9 via the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7, and at the same time, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is not affected to charge hydrogen of 40MPa or more (e.g., 45 MPa) to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is not affected to charge hydrogen of 20MPa to the external hydrogen supply unit 11, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is not affected to supply hydrogen of 35MPa to the second end user 10 via the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8, and the use efficiency of the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is high.
Meanwhile, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 supplies 35MPa of hydrogen to the second end user 10 through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8, or the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 charges 20MPa of hydrogen to the external hydrogen supply unit 11, or the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 firstly supplies low-pressure hydrogen to the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7, meanwhile, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is not influenced to charge hydrogen with more than 80MPa (such as 87.5 MPa) to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6, and the use efficiency of the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is high.
When the hydrogen filling pressure requirement of the terminal user is 70MPa, the two-stage hydrogen compression equipment can be put into operation; when the hydrogen filling pressure requirement of the end user is 35MPa, the high-pressure hydrogen compression equipment and the high-pressure hydrogen storage tank are not put into operation, and only equipment such as the low-pressure hydrogen compression equipment and the low-pressure hydrogen storage tank are put into operation, so that the energy consumption of the hydrogenation station is saved.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
The specific structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 3. Hydrogen of 0.6-3 MPa generated by the hydrogen production unit 1 in the station is temporarily stored in the buffer tank 2, is pressurized to 40-45 MPa by the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 (such as a compressor or a pump), is stored in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and hydrogen of 40-45 MPa in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is further pressurized to more than 80MPa (such as 87.5 MPa) after being pressurized by the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5, and is stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6. The low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa.
1. When the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen adding station, the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 11 (such as a hydrogen long tube trailer) with the rated working pressure of 20MPa is required to be filled with hydrogen for sale:
(1) The ninth control valve 21 is closed, the ninth control valve 3 is stopped, the seventh control valve 18, the second control valve 20 and the first pressure reducing valve 19 are opened, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 charges hydrogen to the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 11 until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 11 reaches a required value (such as 20 MPa); if the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is insufficient to enable the pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 11 to reach the required value, performing the next action;
(2) Closing the first control valve 12, keeping the seventh control valve 18 and the second control valve 20 open, starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3, pressurizing the hydrogen in the hydrogen production unit 2 in the station to 45MPa by the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 after passing through the check valve 23, and continuously filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit 11 through the second control valve 20, the first pressure reducing valve 19 and the seventh control valve 18 in sequence until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 11 reaches a required value (such as 20 MPa);
2. when it is desired to fill the second end user 10 with hydrogen via the low pressure hydrogenation unit 8 with a filling pressure of 35 MPa:
(3) The first control valve 12, the third control valve 17 and the second control valve 20 are opened, the ninth control valve 21 is closed, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is stopped, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is used for hydrogenating the second end user 10 through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8 until the hydrogen pressure of the second end user 10 reaches a required value (such as 35 MPa). This step is not affected by the above step (1). If the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is insufficient to enable the pressure of the second end user 10 to reach the required value, performing the next action;
(4) The first control valve 12 is closed, the third control valve 17 and the second control valve 20 are kept open, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is started, the hydrogen in the upstream buffer tank 2 is pumped to be pressurized to 45MPa, and hydrogenation is continued to the second end user 10 through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 8 until the hydrogen pressure of the second end user 10 reaches a required value (such as 35 MPa). This step is not affected by the above step (2);
3. when it is desired to fill the first end user 9 with hydrogen via the high pressure hydrogenation unit 7 with a filling pressure of 70 MPa:
(5) The sixth control valve 15 is closed, the first control valve 12, the eighth control valve 16 and the second control valve 20 are opened, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is stopped, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is hydrogenated to the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 reach balance. This step is not affected by the steps (1) and (2);
(6) The eighth control valve 16 is closed, the fifth control valve 14 and the sixth control valve 15 are opened, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is stopped, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is used for hydrogenating the first end user 9 through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit 7 until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user 9 reaches a required value (such as 70 MPa). This step is not affected by the steps (1), (2), (3) and (4);
4. when hydrogen needs to be replenished to the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle group 4:
(7) The second control valve 20 is closed, the first control valve 12 is opened, the low-pressure hydrogenation unit 4 is started, the upstream hydrogen is pumped up to 45MPa and is charged into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is restored to the required value (40-45 MPa). This step is not affected by the above step (6);
5. when hydrogen needs to be replenished to the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle group 6:
(8) The sixth control valve 15 is closed, the first control valve 12, the fourth control valve 13, the fifth control valve 14 and the second control valve 20 are opened, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is started, the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is pumped to be pressurized to more than 80MPa (such as 87.5 MPa), and the hydrogen is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6, so that the pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is restored to the required value (80-87.5 MPa). This step is not affected by the steps (1), (3) and (5).
6. When the failure or output of the hydrogen production equipment in the station does not meet the requirement, the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen adding station in the mode of a hydrogen long pipe trailer 9:
(9) The seventh control valve 18 is closed, the ninth control valve 21 and the second pressure reducing valve 22 are opened, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is started, the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit 11 is pumped, after being stabilized by the second pressure reducing valve 22, the pressure is increased to 45MPa by the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 and is filled into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 reaches the required value (40-45 MPa). This step functions as the above step (7).
In summary, the hydrogen source of the hydrogenation station can adopt natural gas reforming, methanol cracking, water electrolysis and other stations to produce hydrogen and/or external hydrogen supply such as outside a long tube trailer, and two stages of hydrogen compression equipment with different pressure grades and two hydrogen storage bottle groups with different pressure grades are arranged, so that the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is reduced, the risk of high-pressure hydrogen storage is reduced, and hydrogen filling with filling pressure of 70MPa and 35MPa can be effectively realized.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (8)
1. The hydrogenation system simultaneously suitable for 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure is characterized by comprising an in-station hydrogen production unit, an external hydrogen supply unit, a buffer tank, a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, a low-pressure hydrogenation unit and a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, wherein,
the hydrogen production unit and the external hydrogen supply unit in the station are respectively connected with a buffer tank through a hydrogen supply branch provided with a hydrogen supply control valve, the buffer tank is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit through a low-pressure hydrogen storage branch provided with a first control valve;
the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the low-pressure hydrogenation unit through a low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch which is sequentially provided with a second control valve and a third control valve, the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit and the first control valve;
a high-pressure hydrogen storage branch connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected between the second control valve and the third control valve of the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch, and a fourth control valve, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit and a fifth control valve are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch along the hydrogen flow direction;
the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the high-pressure hydrogenation unit through a high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch provided with a sixth control valve, the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the fifth control valve and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit;
a hydrogen charging branch connected with an external hydrogen supply unit is further connected between the second control valve on the low-pressure hydrogen conveying branch and the joint of the low-pressure hydrogen conveying branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the hydrogen charging branch is provided with a first pressure reducing valve and a seventh control valve;
and a switching branch connected with the high-pressure hydrogen-conveying branch is further connected between the third control valve and the junction of the low-pressure hydrogen-conveying branch and the high-pressure hydrogen-storing branch on the low-pressure hydrogen-conveying branch, and an eighth control valve is arranged on the switching branch.
2. The hydrogenation system for simultaneously filling pressure of 70MPa and 35MPa according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen production unit in the station is an in-station hydrogen production purifying device, and a hydrogen supply control valve is arranged on a hydrogen supply branch connected with the buffer tank in the station hydrogen production unit.
3. The hydrogenation system according to claim 1, wherein said external hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen pipe trailer, and said hydrogen supply control valve provided on a hydrogen supply branch to which said external hydrogen supply unit is connected to said buffer tank comprises a second pressure reducing valve and a ninth control valve.
4. The hydrogenation system simultaneously applicable to 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressure according to claim 1, wherein the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, the initial hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40-45 MPa, and the filling pressure of the low-pressure hydrogenation unit is 35MPa; the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, the initial hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 80-87.5 MPa, and the filling pressure of the high-pressure hydrogenation unit is 70MPa.
5. A hydrogenation process adapted to be used simultaneously at 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressures, characterized in that hydrogen is filled to the end-user by means of a hydrogenation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 adapted to be used simultaneously at 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressures.
6. The hydrogenation process according to claim 5, suitable for both 70MPa and 35MPa filling pressures, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
A. extracting hydrogen from an in-station hydrogen production unit or an external hydrogen supply unit in a buffer tank by using a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, pressurizing, and filling the hydrogen into a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit by using the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, and then filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure;
B. when the hydrogen is needed to be filled into the second terminal user through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills the hydrogen into the second terminal user through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit until the hydrogen pressure of the second terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the second terminal user to reach a required value, switching and starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract hydrogen in the buffer tank and directly filling hydrogen into the second terminal user through the low-pressure hydrogenation unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the second terminal user reaches the required value, wherein the hydrogen pressure required value of the second terminal user is 35MPa;
when hydrogen is required to be filled into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills hydrogen into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit until the hydrogen pressure of the first terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the first end user to reach a required value, switching and starting the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit and directly filling hydrogen into the first end user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user reaches the required value, wherein the hydrogen pressure required value of the first end user is 70MPa;
C. when the hydrogen is needed to be supplemented into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit in the station or the hydrogen supply unit outside the station in the buffer tank, pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit by using the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure;
D. and (3) circularly performing the step B and the step C to hydrogenate the end user.
7. The hydrogenation method according to claim 6, wherein when the second control valve on the low pressure hydrogen-delivering branch and the connection between the low pressure hydrogen-delivering branch and the high pressure hydrogen-storing branch are also connected with the hydrogen-charging branch which is connected with the external hydrogen-supplying unit and is provided with the first pressure reducing valve and the seventh control valve, and when the hydrogen-producing capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen capacity, the low pressure hydrogen-storing unit fills hydrogen into the unloaded external hydrogen-supplying unit until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen-supplying unit reaches the required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit to reach a required value, switching and starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank and directly filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit reaches the required value.
8. The hydrogenation method according to claim 6, wherein when a switching branch connected with the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and provided with an eighth control valve is further connected between the connection of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch on the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the third control valve and in case of filling hydrogen gas to the first end user via the high-pressure hydrogenation unit,
filling hydrogen into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit by the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the first terminal user reaches balance, and then switching to fill hydrogen into the first terminal user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit by the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the first terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the first end user to reach the required value, switching and starting the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and directly filling the hydrogen into the first end user through the high-pressure hydrogenation unit after pressurization until the hydrogen pressure of the first end user reaches the required value.
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| CN109723965B (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2024-05-14 | 北京中电丰业技术开发有限公司 | Hydrogen production hydrogenation relay station for unmanned aerial vehicle and control method |
| CN109945067A (en) * | 2019-03-21 | 2019-06-28 | 浙江昊凡科技有限公司 | A kind of control method and system that hydrogenation stations hydrogen energy source quickly fills |
| CN110425416B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2023-08-15 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Small-scale low-energy-consumption ladder hydrogen storage system and method |
| CN110425413B (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2023-08-18 | 浙江浙能技术研究院有限公司 | Large-scale low-energy-consumption ladder hydrogen storage system and method |
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| CN111102468A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-05-05 | 北京航天试验技术研究所 | Hydrogenation system for adapting to APRR change and hydrogenation machine with same |
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| CN111828833A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-10-27 | 星豹(北京)氢能源科技股份有限公司 | Hydrogen production and hydrogenation station system and hydrogen production and hydrogenation method |
| CN112413397B (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-11-23 | 西安交通大学 | Pressurizing and filling device for hydrogenation station, and system and method using device |
| CN112483888A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-03-12 | 江苏国富氢能技术装备股份有限公司 | Mixed supercharging multistage filling hydrogenation device |
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