CN109140226B - Hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure - Google Patents
Hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109140226B CN109140226B CN201811205821.3A CN201811205821A CN109140226B CN 109140226 B CN109140226 B CN 109140226B CN 201811205821 A CN201811205821 A CN 201811205821A CN 109140226 B CN109140226 B CN 109140226B
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 691
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 691
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 683
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 215
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
- F17D1/02—Pipe-line systems for gases or vapours
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/063—Fluid distribution for supply of refuelling stations
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refuelling vehicle fuel tanks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/34—Hydrogen distribution
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogenation method and a hydrogenation system suitable for 35 or 70MPa filling pressure, wherein the hydrogenation system comprises an in-station hydrogen production unit, an external hydrogen supply unit, a buffer tank, a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogenation unit; the hydrogenation method adopts the hydrogenation system to fill hydrogen. Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen source can be from two types of hydrogen production in the station and hydrogen supply outside, so that the reliability of the hydrogen adding station is improved; in addition, the hydrogen can be supplied to the hydrogen adding station by utilizing the outside hydrogen supply of the long pipe trailer when the failure or the output of the hydrogen preparing equipment in the station does not meet the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen adding station, and the empty long pipe trailer can be directly filled and sold with hydrogen when the hydrogen preparing capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen adding station; 2 kinds of compression equipment with different design pressure levels and hydrogen storage bottle groups are arranged, so that the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is reduced, and the risk of hydrogen storage is reduced; and, each operation can be independent each other, and each operation does not influence each other.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to a hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure.
Background
The hydrogen energy source is a high-efficiency, clean and sustainable development carbon-free energy source, and has been widely paid attention to all countries in the world, and the traffic field mainly comprising hydrogen fuel cell automobiles is one of important directions of hydrogen energy utilization. The bottleneck of the utilization and development of hydrogen energy in the traffic field at present is mainly the construction of a hydrogenation station, and the deficiency of hydrogenation infrastructure becomes the biggest obstacle for the development of the hydrogen energy industry in China at present.
Hydrogen sources of hydrogen stations are mainly divided into two types, namely external hydrogen supply and internal hydrogen production. Hydrogen production and hydrogen adding stations in the stations are mature abroad, and hydrogen adding stations running in China are limited by various factors, and all adopt an external hydrogen supply mode. However, with the continuous maturity of technology and the continuous perfection of relevant laws and regulations in China, the hydrogen production in the station is expected to become the future development trend of the hydrogen adding station in China.
The hydrogen filling pressure of the hydrogenation station is 35MPa and 70MPa at present. The hydrogen adding station with 35MPa filling pressure is common (most of hydrogen adding stations operated in China are 35MPa filling), and the terminal users comprise fuel cell buses, logistics vehicles and the like; there are still few hydrogen stations at present at 70MPa filling pressure, and the end users are mainly cars and the like.
The conventional hydrogenation station with 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure existing in the world at present has the process system flow basically shown in figures 1 and 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, hydrogen of 0.6-3 MPa produced by an in-station hydrogen production purification device 1 ' is temporarily stored in a buffer tank 2 ', is pressurized to more than 40MPa (such as 45 MPa) or more than 80MPa (such as 87.5 MPa) by a hydrogen compression device 3 ' (a multi-stage compressor or pump), and is respectively stored in a hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' through valves 7 ', 8 ' and 9 '. The hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is composed of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa or 87.5MPa, and is divided into three grades of high, medium and low pressure hydrogen storage bottles.
As shown in FIG. 2, after the hydrogen gas of 5-20 MPa transported by the hydrogen tube trailer 11 ' is discharged by the hydrogen discharge device 12 ', the hydrogen gas is pressurized to more than 80MPa (such as 87.5 MPa) by the hydrogen compression device 3 ' (compressor or pump), and the hydrogen gas is respectively stored in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' by the valves 7 ', 8 ' and 9 '. The hydrogen storage bottle group 4' consists of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, and is divided into three grades of high, medium and low pressure hydrogen storage bottles.
When hydrogen is filled into an end user 6 ' through a hydrogenation machine 5 ' with filling pressure of 35MPa or 70MPa, the hydrogen compression equipment 3 ' is stopped, firstly, the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is hydrogenated into the end user 6 ' through valves 9 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenation machine 5 ', after the two are in pressure balance, if the hydrogen filling pressure of the end user 6 ' does not meet the requirement (such as 35MPa or 70 MPa), the hydrogen storage bottle is continuously switched to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle to hydrogenate the end user 6 ' through the valves 8 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenation machine 5 ' until the pressure is balanced, and finally, the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is hydrogenated into the end user 6 ' through the valves 7 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenation machine 5 ', so that the hydrogen filling pressure of the end user 6 ' reaches the required value (such as 35MPa or 70 MPa).
As the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is consumed, its pressure is continuously decreased. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is lower than a certain pressure requirement (such as 35MPa or 70 MPa), the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 'stops supplying the hydrogen to the hydrogenation machine 5'. At this time, the compression device 3 'is started, hydrogen in the outlet buffer tank of the hydrogen production device in the upstream station or the hydrogen supply long tube trailer is pumped, and after being pressurized, each hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is sequentially filled with hydrogen, and the pressure of the hydrogen is restored to a required value (such as 40-45 MPa or 80-87.5 MPa). In this case, the compressor 3 'can also supply gas directly to the hydrogenation unit 5' via the valve 10 ', but the valves 7', 8 ', 9' are closed.
As can be seen from the above process, conventional 35MPa or 70MPa injection pressure hydrogen addition station process systems have the following problems:
(1) Because the hydrogen filling port and the hydrogen output port of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' are the same port, when the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' supplies gas to the hydrogenation machine 9 ', the hydrogen compression device 3 ' cannot work, and the utilization rate of the hydrogen compression device 3 ' is lower.
(2) Although the hydrogen storage bottles are artificially classified into three grades of high, medium and low pressure, the rated working pressure of each hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is 45MPa or 87.5MPa, the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is large, and the risk is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hydrogenation system and a hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, and simultaneously provides a reconstruction method for the existing hydrogenation station.
An aspect of the present invention provides a hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, the hydrogenation system comprising an in-station hydrogen production unit, an external hydrogen supply unit, a buffer tank, a low pressure hydrogen compression unit, a low pressure hydrogen storage unit, a high pressure hydrogen compression unit, a high pressure hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogenation unit, wherein,
the hydrogen production unit in the station is connected with a buffer tank, the buffer tank is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit through a low-pressure hydrogen storage branch provided with a first control valve;
the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the external hydrogen supply unit through a low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch which is sequentially provided with a second control valve and a third control valve, the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit and the first control valve;
a high-pressure hydrogen storage branch connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected between the second control valve and the third control valve of the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch, and a fourth control valve, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit and a fifth control valve are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch along the hydrogen flow direction;
the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the hydrogenation unit through a high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch provided with a sixth control valve, the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the fifth control valve and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit.
And a supplementing branch connected with the hydrogenation unit is further connected between the third control valve and the junction of the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch on the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch, and a seventh control valve is arranged on the supplementing branch.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, the in-station hydrogen production unit is in-station hydrogen production purification equipment, the outer hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen long pipe trailer, and a pressure regulating valve is arranged between the outer hydrogen supply unit and a third control valve.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, the hydrogenation unit is a low-pressure hydrogenation unit or a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the filling pressure of the low-pressure hydrogenation unit is 35MPa, and the filling pressure of the high-pressure hydrogenation unit is 70MPa.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, when the hydrogenation unit is a low-pressure hydrogenation unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 20MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 15-20 MPa.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, when the hydrogenation unit is a low-pressure hydrogenation unit, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40-45 MPa.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, when the hydrogenation unit is a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40-45 MPa.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, when the hydrogenation unit is a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 80-87.5 MPa.
The invention also provides a hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, and hydrogen is filled into the terminal user by utilizing the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, which is applicable to a hydrogenation process at 35MPa or 70MPa injection pressure, the hydrogenation process comprises the steps of:
A. extracting hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit in the station in the buffer tank by using the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, pressurizing, and filling the hydrogen into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit or the external hydrogen supply unit by utilizing the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, and then filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure;
B. filling hydrogen to the terminal user through the hydrogenation unit by the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the end user to reach a required value, switching to fill hydrogen into the end user by the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the end user reaches the required value;
C. when the hydrogen is needed to be supplemented into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit in the station in the buffer tank, pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit or the external hydrogen supply unit by using the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure; when the hydrogen production capacity in the station is insufficient or the hydrogen production unit and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit in the station are in failure, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit is utilized to extract the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit, and the hydrogen is further pressurized and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to restore to the initial hydrogen pressure;
D. and (3) circularly performing the step B and the step C to fill hydrogen for the end user.
According to one embodiment of the hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, when the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit with hydrogen until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit to reach a required value, switching and starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank and directly filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit after pressurization or filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit by the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit reaches the required value;
when the hydrogen production unit in the station fails, the external hydrogen supply unit replaces the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to firstly fill hydrogen into the terminal user, and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit is started to extract the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit and is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit after pressurization so as to restore the original hydrogen pressure.
Compared with the prior art, the hydrogen source can be from two types of hydrogen production in the station and hydrogen supply outside, so that the reliability of the hydrogen adding station is improved; in addition, the hydrogen can be supplied to the hydrogen adding station by using the outside of the long tube trailer, and when the hydrogen preparing capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount of the hydrogen adding station, the empty long tube trailer can be directly filled and sold with the hydrogen; 2 compression devices with different design pressure levels and hydrogen storage bottle groups are arranged (when the filling pressure is 70MPa, the rated working pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle groups is 45MPa and 87.5MPa respectively, and when the filling pressure is 35MPa, the rated working pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle groups is 20MPa and 45MPa respectively), so that the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is reduced, and the risk of hydrogen storage is reduced; and, each operation can be independent each other, and each operation does not influence each other.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a hydrogen production hydrogen adding station in a conventional 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure station in the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structural principle of a conventional 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure external hydrogen supply hydrogenation station in the prior art.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa injection pressures according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-in-station hydrogen production unit, 2-buffer tank, 3-low pressure hydrogen compression unit, 4-low pressure hydrogen storage unit, 5-high pressure hydrogen compression unit, 6-high pressure hydrogen storage unit, 7-hydrogenation unit, 8-end user, 9-external hydrogen supply unit, 10-first control valve, 11-fourth control valve, 12-fifth control valve, 13-sixth control valve, 14-seventh control valve, 15-third control valve, 16-second control valve, 17-pressure regulating valve, 18-low pressure hydrogen storage branch, 19-low pressure hydrogen delivery branch, 20-high pressure hydrogen storage branch, 21-high pressure hydrogen delivery branch and 22-supplementing branch.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The hydrogenation method and system of the present invention, which are suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, will be specifically described below, and the structure and principle of the hydrogenation system will be described.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa injection pressures according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure includes an in-station hydrogen production unit 1, an external hydrogen supply unit 9, a buffer tank 2, a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3, a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5, a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 and a hydrogenation unit 7.
According to the invention, the hydrogenation unit 7 may be a low pressure hydrogenation unit or a high pressure hydrogenation unit, specifically arranged according to the requirements. The filling pressure of the low-pressure hydrogenation unit is 35MPa, and the low-pressure hydrogenation unit is mainly suitable for hydrogen filling of end users such as fuel cell buses and logistics vehicles; the filling pressure of the high-pressure hydrogenation unit is 70MPa, and the device is mainly suitable for filling hydrogen of end users such as cars.
Specifically, the in-station hydrogen production unit 1 is connected to the buffer tank 2, the buffer tank 2 is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3, and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is connected to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 through the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch 18 provided with the first control valve 10, so that the hydrogen stored in the buffer tank 2 can be stored in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 after being pressurized.
The hydrogen production unit 1 comprises an in-station hydrogen production purification device, wherein the hydrogen source of the in-station hydrogen production unit can be from natural gas reforming, methanol cracking, water electrolysis and the like. The external hydrogen supply unit 9 may be a hydrogen long pipe trailer, and the external hydrogen supply unit 9 is connected with the hydrogenation unit 7, so that hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit 9 can supply hydrogen to the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7, or the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 can charge hydrogen to the external hydrogen supply unit 9.
The low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is connected with the external hydrogen supply unit 9 through a low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 19 provided with a second control valve 16 and a third control valve 15 in sequence, the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 19 is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen storage branch 18, and the joint of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 19 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch 18 is positioned between the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 and the first control valve 10. The external hydrogen supply unit 9 is a hydrogen long pipe trailer, and a pressure regulating valve 17 is arranged between the external hydrogen supply unit 9 and the third control valve 15, so that the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 or the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 can directly charge hydrogen into the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 9 when the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-hydrogen consumption capacity of the hydrogen adding station.
According to the invention, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles, and different low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles can be selected according to the requirements of different filling pressures. Specifically, when the hydrogenation unit 7 is a low-pressure hydrogenation unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is composed of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 20MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 15-20 MPa. When the hydrogenation unit 7 is a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 consists of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40-45 MPa.
A high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 20 connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is connected between the second control valve 16 and the third control valve 15 of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 19, and a fourth control valve 11, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 and a fifth control valve 12 are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 20 along the hydrogen flow direction, so that the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 can supply hydrogen to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 through the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5.
The high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is connected with the hydrogenation unit 7 through a high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 21 provided with a sixth control valve 13, the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 21 is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 20, and the connection of the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 21 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 20 is located between the fifth control valve 12 and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5, whereby the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 can directly fill hydrogen to the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7.
According to the invention, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles, and different high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles can be selected according to the requirements of different filling pressures. Specifically, when the hydrogenation unit 7 is a low-pressure hydrogenation unit, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is composed of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40-45 MPa. When the hydrogenation unit 7 is a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit consists of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 87.5MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 80-87.5 MPa.
In addition, a supplementary branch 22 connected with the hydrogenation unit 7 is further connected between the third control valve 15 and the connection part of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 19 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch 20 on the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch 19, and the seventh control valve 14 is arranged on the supplementary branch 22. Through the arrangement of the supplementing branch 22, on one hand, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 can directly fill hydrogen to the terminal user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7, and on the other hand, when the in-station hydrogen production equipment fails or the output does not meet the hydrogen consumption of the hydrogenation station, the hydrogen can be supplemented by the external hydrogen supply of the external hydrogen supply unit 9 or the hydrogen can be directly filled to the terminal user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7 by the external hydrogen supply unit 9, so that the reliability of the hydrogenation station is improved.
The invention is preferably provided with an interface matched with the external hydrogen supply unit 9, which can be used for supplying hydrogen to the hydrogen adding station from outside of the external hydrogen supply unit, and can be used for filling and selling hydrogen to the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit when the hydrogen preparing capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount of the hydrogen adding station.
The high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 supplies hydrogen to the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7, and at the same time, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is not influenced to charge hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is not influenced to charge hydrogen to the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 9, so that the use efficiency of the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is high.
In addition, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 supplies low-pressure hydrogen to the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7, or the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 charges 20MPa hydrogen to the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit, and meanwhile, the high-pressure compression equipment is not influenced to charge hydrogen to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6, so that the use efficiency of the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 and the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is high.
The invention also provides a hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, and particularly the hydrogenation system suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure is used for filling hydrogen to the terminal user.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the hydrogenation process comprises the steps of:
A. the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is utilized to extract hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit 1 in the station in the buffer tank 2, and the hydrogen is charged into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 to the initial hydrogen pressure after being pressurized; the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is utilized to extract the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 or the external hydrogen supply unit 9, and the hydrogen is further pressurized and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 to the initial hydrogen pressure.
B. Filling hydrogen into the terminal user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7 by the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 until the hydrogen pressure of the terminal user 8 reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is insufficient to bring the hydrogen pressure of the end user 8 to the required value, the filling of the hydrogen by the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 to the end user 8 is switched until the hydrogen pressure of the end user 8 reaches the required value.
C. When the hydrogen is needed to be supplemented into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 to extract the hydrogen from the in-station hydrogen production unit 1 in the buffer tank 2, pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure; the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is utilized to extract the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 or the external hydrogen supply unit 9, and the hydrogen is further pressurized and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 to restore to the initial hydrogen pressure; when the hydrogen production capacity in the station is insufficient or the hydrogen production unit and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit in the station are in failure, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is utilized to extract the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit 9, and the hydrogen is further pressurized and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 to restore to the initial hydrogen pressure;
D. and (3) circularly performing the step B and the step C to fill hydrogen for the end user.
In addition, when the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 fills the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 9 with hydrogen until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 9 reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 9 to reach a required value, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit is switched and started to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank and directly charge the hydrogen to the external hydrogen supply unit after pressurization or charge the hydrogen to the external hydrogen supply unit 9 by the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 9 reaches the required value.
When the in-station hydrogen production unit 1 fails, the external hydrogen supply unit 9 replaces the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 to firstly fill hydrogen into an end user, and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is started to extract the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit 9 and is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 after pressurization so as to restore the original hydrogen pressure.
According to the structure, the invention provides two stages of hydrogen compression equipment with different pressure levels. Wherein, the inlet hydrogen pressure range of the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is 0.6-3 Mpa (hydrogen production hydrogen outlet pressure range in the station), and the outlet hydrogen pressure range is 15-20 Mpa or 40-45 Mpa (not exceeding the rated working pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle); the inlet hydrogen pressure range of the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit is 5-20 MPa or 40-45 MPa, and the outlet hydrogen pressure range is 40-45 MPa or 80-87.5 MPa (meeting the filling pressure requirement of 35MPa or 70MPa and not exceeding the rated working pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle). The invention sets two hydrogen storage units with different pressure levels (the rated working pressure of the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit and the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is respectively 20MPa and 45MPa or 45MPa and 87.5 MPa), reduces the number of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles, and reduces the risk of high-pressure hydrogen storage.
When the hydrogen filling pressure requirement of the end user is 35MPa or 70MPa and the hydrogen source comes from the station to produce hydrogen, the 2-level hydrogen compression units are all put into operation; when the hydrogen filling pressure requirement of the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit is 20MPa (such as a filling long pipe trailer), the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit and the high-pressure hydrogen unit can be not put into operation, and only the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, the pressure regulating valve and other devices are put into operation preferentially, so that the energy consumption of a hydrogenation station is saved; when the hydrogen source comes from the external hydrogen supply of the external hydrogen supply unit, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit is not put into operation, and only the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit is put into operation, so that the energy consumption of the hydrogen adding station is also saved.
When the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 supplies hydrogen to the terminal user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is not influenced to charge hydrogen to the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is not influenced to charge hydrogen to the external hydrogen supply unit 9; when the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 supplies hydrogen to the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7 or the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 charges hydrogen to the external hydrogen supply unit 9, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is not influenced to charge hydrogen to the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
Examples:
the specific structure of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, and this embodiment is described by taking a low-pressure hydrogenation machine having a filling pressure of 35MPa and a hydrogenation unit 7 having a filling pressure of 35MPa as an example.
Hydrogen of 0.6-3 MPa produced by the hydrogen production unit 1 in the station is temporarily stored in the buffer tank 2, is pressurized to 15-20 MPa by the low-pressure hydrogen compression device 3 (such as a compressor or a pump), and then is stored in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4, wherein the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 consists of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 20MPa. The hydrogen with 15-20 MPa in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is further pressurized to more than 40MPa (such as 45 MPa) by the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 and then stored in the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle group 6 consists of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 45MPa.
1. When the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-hydrogen consumption of the hydrogen adding station, the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 9 (hydrogen long tube trailer) with the rated working pressure of 20MPa is required to be filled with hydrogen for sale:
(1) The first control valve 10, the third control valve 15 and the second control valve 16 are opened, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is stopped, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 charges hydrogen to the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit 9 until the pressure of the two is balanced, and if the pressure of the hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is insufficient to enable the pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 9 to reach a required value, the next action is performed;
(2) Closing the first control valve 10, keeping the third control valve 15 and the second control valve 16 open, starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3, pumping the hydrogen in the upstream buffer tank 2 to be pressurized to 20MPa, and then continuously filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit 9, so that the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit 9 reaches a required value (such as 20 MPa);
2. when it is desired to fill the end user 8 with hydrogen via the hydrogenation unit 7 with a filling pressure of 35 MPa:
(3) The sixth control valve 13 is closed, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is stopped, the first control valve 10, the seventh control valve 14 and the second control valve 16 are opened, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 hydrogenates the hydrogen to the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7, and after the pressure of the two hydrogen storage units is balanced, if the hydrogen filling pressure of the end user 8 does not reach the requirement (such as 35 MPa), the next action is performed;
(4) The fourth control valve 11, the seventh control valve 14 and the second control valve 16 are closed, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is stopped, the fifth control valve 12 and the sixth control valve 13 are opened, and the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6 is used for hydrogenating the end user 8 to the pressure balance through the hydrogenation unit 7, so that the hydrogen filling pressure of the end user 8 reaches a required value (such as 35 MPa). This step is not affected by the steps (1) and (2);
3. when it is necessary to supplement the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 with hydrogen gas:
(5) The second control valve 16 is closed, the first control valve 10 is opened, the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit 3 is started, and the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit 4 is filled with hydrogen until the pressure reaches 20MPa. This step is not affected by the above step (4);
4. when hydrogen needs to be replenished to the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle group 6:
(6) The sixth control valve 13 is closed, the first control valve 10, the fourth control valve 11, the fifth control valve 12 and the second control valve 16 are opened, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is started, and the upstream hydrogen is pumped to be pressurized and filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6, so that the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen is restored to the required value (for example, 40-45 MPa). This step is not affected by the steps (1) and (3).
5. When the failure or output of the hydrogen production equipment in the station does not meet the requirement, the hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogen adding station by the hydrogen supplying unit 9:
(7) The fourth control valve 11, the sixth control valve 13 and the second control valve 16 are closed, the seventh control valve 14 and the third control valve 15 are opened, and the hydrogen supply unit 9 is used for hydrogenating the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7. The step functions as the step (3);
(8) The sixth control valve 13, the seventh control valve 14 and the second control valve 16 are closed, the fourth control valve 11 and the fifth control valve 12 are opened, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit 5 is started, the hydrogen of the external hydrogen supply unit 9 is extracted, pressurized and filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit 6, and the pressure is restored to the required value (such as 40-45 MPa). This step functions as the above step (6).
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (8)
1. A hydrogenation method suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa filling pressure, which is characterized in that a hydrogenation system is utilized to fill hydrogen to an end user;
the hydrogenation system comprises an in-station hydrogen production unit, an external hydrogen supply unit, a buffer tank, a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, a high-pressure hydrogen storage unit and a hydrogenation unit, wherein,
the hydrogen production unit in the station is connected with a buffer tank, the buffer tank is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit is connected with a low-pressure hydrogen storage unit through a low-pressure hydrogen storage branch provided with a first control valve;
the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the external hydrogen supply unit through a low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch which is sequentially provided with a second control valve and a third control valve, the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the low-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the low-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit and the first control valve;
a high-pressure hydrogen storage branch connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected between the second control valve and the third control valve of the low-pressure hydrogen transmission branch, and a fourth control valve, a high-pressure hydrogen compression unit and a fifth control valve are sequentially arranged on the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch along the hydrogen flow direction;
the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is connected with the hydrogenation unit through a high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch provided with a sixth control valve, the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch is connected with the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch, and the joint of the high-pressure hydrogen delivery branch and the high-pressure hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the fifth control valve and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit;
a complementary branch connected with the hydrogenation unit is also connected between the third control valve and the junction of the low-pressure hydrogen-conveying branch and the high-pressure hydrogen-storing branch on the low-pressure hydrogen-conveying branch, and a seventh control valve is arranged on the complementary branch;
when the hydrogen production capacity in the station exceeds the self-use hydrogen amount, the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit fills hydrogen into the unloaded external hydrogen supply unit until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit to reach a required value, switching and starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen in the buffer tank and directly filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit after pressurization or filling the hydrogen into the external hydrogen supply unit by the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the external hydrogen supply unit reaches the required value;
when the hydrogen production unit in the station fails, the external hydrogen supply unit replaces the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to firstly fill hydrogen into the terminal user, and the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit is started to extract the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit and is filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit after pressurization so as to restore the original hydrogen pressure.
2. The hydrogenation process according to claim 1, wherein said hydrogen production unit is an in-station hydrogen production purification plant, said external hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen tube trailer, and a pressure regulating valve is provided between said external hydrogen supply unit and a third control valve.
3. The hydrogenation process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogenation unit is a low pressure hydrogenation unit or a high pressure hydrogenation unit, the low pressure hydrogenation unit has a filling pressure of 35MPa and the high pressure hydrogenation unit has a filling pressure of 70MPa.
4. The hydrogenation method according to claim 3, wherein when said hydrogenation unit is a low pressure hydrogenation unit, said low pressure hydrogen storage unit is composed of a plurality of low pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated working pressure of 20MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in said low pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 15 MPa to 20MPa.
5. The hydrogenation method according to claim 3, wherein when said hydrogenation unit is a low-pressure hydrogenation unit, said high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is composed of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated operating pressure of 45MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in said high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40 to 45MPa.
6. The hydrogenation method according to claim 3, wherein when said hydrogenation unit is a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, said low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is composed of a plurality of low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles with rated operating pressure of 45MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in said low-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 40MPa to 45MPa.
7. The hydrogenation method according to claim 3, wherein when said hydrogenation unit is a high-pressure hydrogenation unit, said high-pressure hydrogen storage unit is composed of a plurality of high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles having a rated operating pressure of 87.5MPa, and the initial hydrogen pressure in said high-pressure hydrogen storage bottles is 80 to 87.5MPa.
8. The hydrogenation process according to any one of claims 1 to 7, suitable for 35MPa or 70MPa injection pressure, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
A. extracting hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit in the station in the buffer tank by using the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit, pressurizing, and filling the hydrogen into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit or the external hydrogen supply unit by utilizing the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, and then filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to the initial hydrogen pressure;
B. filling hydrogen to the terminal user through the hydrogenation unit by the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the terminal user reaches a required value; when the hydrogen pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit is insufficient to enable the hydrogen pressure of the end user to reach a required value, switching to fill hydrogen into the end user by the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit until the hydrogen pressure of the end user reaches the required value;
C. when the hydrogen is needed to be supplemented into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, starting the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit to extract the hydrogen from the hydrogen production unit in the station in the buffer tank, pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure; extracting hydrogen in the low-pressure hydrogen storage unit or the external hydrogen supply unit by using the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit, further pressurizing, filling the hydrogen into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit, and recovering to the initial hydrogen pressure; when the hydrogen production capacity in the station is insufficient or the hydrogen production unit and the low-pressure hydrogen compression unit in the station are in failure, the high-pressure hydrogen compression unit is utilized to extract the hydrogen in the external hydrogen supply unit, and the hydrogen is further pressurized and then filled into the high-pressure hydrogen storage unit to restore to the initial hydrogen pressure;
D. and (3) circularly performing the step B and the step C to fill hydrogen for the end user.
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