CN109185698B - Efficient hydrogenation method and system - Google Patents
Efficient hydrogenation method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109185698B CN109185698B CN201811205824.7A CN201811205824A CN109185698B CN 109185698 B CN109185698 B CN 109185698B CN 201811205824 A CN201811205824 A CN 201811205824A CN 109185698 B CN109185698 B CN 109185698B
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- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 102
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 483
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 483
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 467
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 224
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/06—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with compressed gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
- F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency hydrogenation method and a high-efficiency hydrogenation system, wherein the high-efficiency hydrogenation system comprises a hydrogen supply unit, a hydrogen compression unit, a hydrogenation unit and at least two groups of hydrogen storage units which are arranged in parallel, the hydrogen supply unit is connected with the hydrogen compression unit, the hydrogen compression unit is respectively connected with each group of hydrogen storage units through hydrogen storage branches, and each group of hydrogen storage units is respectively connected with the hydrogenation unit through hydrogen delivery branches connected with the hydrogen storage branches. The high-efficiency hydrogenation method utilizes the high-efficiency hydrogenation system to fill hydrogen into the terminal user. According to the invention, when a certain group of hydrogen storage units supply hydrogen to a terminal user, the compression equipment is not influenced to supplement hydrogen to other groups of hydrogen storage units, so that the utilization rate of the compression equipment is improved; in the operation process of the hydrogenation station, the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units always keeps a higher pressure range, and the high-efficiency hydrogenation of the end user can be realized by the higher hydrogen pressure, so that the utilization rate of each hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group is kept relatively consistent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy, in particular to a high-efficiency hydrogenation method and a high-efficiency hydrogenation system.
Background
The hydrogen energy source is a high-efficiency, clean and sustainable development carbon-free energy source, and has been widely paid attention to all countries in the world, and the traffic field mainly comprising hydrogen fuel cell automobiles is one of important directions of hydrogen energy utilization. The bottleneck of the utilization and development of hydrogen energy in the traffic field at present is mainly the construction of a hydrogenation station, and the deficiency of hydrogenation infrastructure becomes the biggest obstacle for the development of the hydrogen energy industry in China at present.
Hydrogen sources in hydrogen stations are divided into two types, external hydrogen supply and hydrogen production in stations. At present, the hydrogen filling pressure of the hydrogenation station is 35MPa and 70MPa.
The process system flow of the conventional hydrogenation station is basically as shown in fig. 1 and 2:
as shown in fig. 1, hydrogen produced by the in-station hydrogen production purification device 1 ' is temporarily stored in the buffer tank 2 ', pressurized by the hydrogen compression device 3 ' (compressor or pump) (for example, to 45 or 87.5 MPa), and then respectively stored in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' through the valves 7 ', 8 ' and 9 '. The hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is composed of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, and is artificially divided into three grades of high, medium and low pressure hydrogen storage bottles (the rated hydrogen storage pressure is consistent).
As shown in fig. 2, the hydrogen transported by the hydrogen tube trailer 11 ' is discharged by the hydrogen discharge device 12 ', pressurized by the hydrogen compression device 3 ' (compressor or pump) (e.g., to 45 or 87.5 MPa), and then stored in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' through the valves 7 ', 8 ', 9 ', respectively. The hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is composed of a plurality of hydrogen storage bottles, and is artificially divided into three grades of high, medium and low pressure hydrogen storage bottles (the rated hydrogen storage pressure is consistent).
When hydrogen is filled into the terminal user 6 ' through the hydrogenation machine 5 ', the hydrogen compression device 3 ' is stopped, firstly, the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is hydrogenated into the terminal user 6 ' through the valves 9 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenation machine 5 ', after the two hydrogen pressures are balanced, if the hydrogen pressure of the terminal user 6 ' does not reach the requirement (such as 35 or 70 MPa), the hydrogen storage bottle is continuously switched to the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle to hydrogenate the terminal user 6 ' through the valves 8 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenation machine 5 ' and to balance the pressure, finally, the hydrogen storage bottle is switched to the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle to hydrogenate the terminal user 6 ' through the valves 7 ', 10 ' and the hydrogenation machine 5 ' to balance the pressure, and finally, the hydrogen filling pressure of the terminal user 6 ' reaches the required value (such as 35 or 70 MPa).
As the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' is consumed, its pressure is continuously decreased. When the hydrogen pressure in the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is lower than a certain minimum pressure requirement, the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 'stops supplying the hydrogen to the hydrogenation machine 5'. Because hydrogen is supplied to the hydrogenation machine 5', the hydrogen is sequentially supplied from the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle, when the pressure of the high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is lower than the minimum required value, the pressure in the low-pressure hydrogen storage bottle and the pressure in the medium-pressure hydrogen storage bottle are both lower than the minimum required value. Therefore, all the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' need to be replenished with hydrogen.
At this time, the compression device 3 ' is started, hydrogen in an outlet buffer tank of the hydrogen production device in the upstream station or in the external hydrogen supply long tube trailer is extracted, and the hydrogen is pressurized and then sequentially filled into each hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ', until the pressure of each hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage bottle 4 ' is recovered to a required value (such as 45 or 87.5 MPa).
From the above, the conventional hydrogen filling process system for the hydrogen filling station has the following problems:
(1) The rated working pressures of the hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' are the same, but the hydrogen storage bottles are artificially divided into three grades of high pressure, medium pressure and low pressure, and the hydrogen is sequentially supplied to the end user 6 ' in multiple stages through the hydrogenation machine 5 ' according to the sequence of the low pressure, medium pressure and high pressure hydrogen storage bottles, and the use degrees of the hydrogen storage bottles are different (the medium pressure drop of the low pressure hydrogen storage bottle is the largest, the medium pressure drop of the medium pressure hydrogen storage bottle is the smallest). Because the use degree of each hydrogen storage bottle is different, when the hydrogen storage bottle group of the conventional hydrogen adding station is designed, the high, medium and low pressure hydrogen storage bottles are often considered according to different numbers (such as high: medium: low=2:3:4);
(2) The hydrogen is supplied to the terminal user 6 'through the hydrogenation machine 5' in sequence of the low, medium and high pressure hydrogen storage bottles, so that the hydrogen supply pressure is from small to large, the hydrogenation speed is low, and the efficiency is low;
(3) Because the hydrogen filling port and the hydrogen output port of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 'are the same port, when the hydrogen storage bottle group 4' supplies gas to the terminal user 6 'through the hydrogenation machine 5', the compression equipment 3 'cannot work, and the utilization rate of the compression equipment 3' is lower;
(4) When the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 ' is reduced to the lowest pressure, it is difficult to supply hydrogen to the end user at the same time when the compression device 3 ' supplements hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottle group 4 '; in this case, if hydrogen is directly supplied to the end user 6 ' through the compression device 3 ' via the hydrogenation machine 5 ', the hydrogenation speed is low and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-efficiency hydrogenation method and a high-efficiency hydrogenation system which are beneficial to improving the utilization rate of equipment and improving the hydrogenation speed and the hydrogenation efficiency.
The invention provides a high-efficiency hydrogenation system which comprises a hydrogen supply unit, a hydrogen compression unit, a hydrogenation unit and at least two groups of hydrogen storage units which are arranged in parallel, wherein the hydrogen supply unit is connected with the hydrogen compression unit, the hydrogen compression unit is respectively connected with each group of hydrogen storage units through hydrogen storage branches, and each group of hydrogen storage units is respectively connected with the hydrogenation unit through hydrogen transmission branches connected with the hydrogen storage branches.
According to one embodiment of the high-efficiency hydrogenation system, the hydrogen supply unit is an in-station hydrogen production device or an external hydrogen supply device, the hydrogenation unit is a hydrogenation machine, and the hydrogen compression unit is a compressor or a compression pump.
According to one embodiment of the high efficiency hydrogenation system of the present invention, the in-station hydrogen production equipment at least comprises an in-station hydrogen production purification equipment and a buffer tank, and the external hydrogen supply equipment at least comprises a hydrogen long pipe trailer and a hydrogen unloading equipment.
According to one embodiment of the efficient hydrogenation system, each group of hydrogen storage units comprises at least two hydrogen storage bottles, the number, the specification and the rated working pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units are the same, and each hydrogen storage branch is sequentially provided with a first control valve, a second control valve and a pressure sensor along the hydrogen flow direction.
According to one embodiment of the high-efficiency hydrogenation system, a third control valve is arranged on each hydrogen conveying branch, and the connection part of the hydrogen conveying branch and the hydrogen storage branch is positioned between the first control valve and the second control valve.
According to one embodiment of the high-efficiency hydrogenation system of the invention, the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units can meet the requirement that the residual hydrogen pressure after filling the required hydrogen amount for at least 3 times for an end user is still above a minimum pressure value, wherein the residual hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage units is not lower than 35MPa when the hydrogen storage bottles are suitable for a hydrogenation station with the filling pressure of 35MPa; when the hydrogen storage unit is suitable for a hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the residual hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage unit is not lower than 70MPa.
The invention also provides a high-efficiency hydrogenation method which is characterized in that the high-efficiency hydrogenation system is utilized to fill hydrogen into the terminal user.
According to one embodiment of the high efficiency hydrogenation process of the present invention, the high efficiency hydrogenation process comprises the steps of:
A. the hydrogen compression unit is utilized to extract hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit, pressurized and then filled into each group of hydrogen storage units to reach rated pressure values;
B. controlling the hydrogen storage unit of the 1 st group to fill hydrogen to a terminal user through the hydrogenation unit, switching to the hydrogen storage unit of the 2 nd group to fill hydrogen to the terminal user when the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage unit of the 1 st group is lower than a set pressure value, and simultaneously starting the hydrogen compression unit to extract hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit, pressurizing and filling the hydrogen into the hydrogen storage unit of the 1 st group to restore the pressure to a rated pressure value;
when the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage unit of the 2 nd group is lower than the set pressure value, the hydrogen storage unit of the next group is switched to fill hydrogen to the terminal user, meanwhile, the hydrogen compression unit is started to pump hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen is pressurized and then is filled into the hydrogen storage unit of the 2 nd group, so that the pressure of the hydrogen is restored to the rated pressure value, and the hydrogen storage unit is circularly switched to realize high-efficiency hydrogenation.
According to one embodiment of the efficient hydrogenation method of the present invention, when applied to a hydrogenation station with a filling pressure of 35MPa, the rated pressure value is 40-45 MPa, and the set pressure value is 35MPa; when the pressure regulator is suitable for a hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the rated pressure value is 80-87.5 MPa, and the set pressure value is 70MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention does not influence the compression equipment to supplement hydrogen to other groups of hydrogen storage units while a certain group of hydrogen storage units supply hydrogen to the terminal user, thereby being beneficial to improving the utilization rate of the compression equipment; in the operation process of the hydrogenation station, the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units always keeps a higher pressure range (keeps a larger pressure difference with the end user all the time), and the hydrogen storage bottle group can realize high-efficiency hydrogenation for the end user with higher hydrogen pressure, so that the hydrogenation speed and the hydrogenation efficiency are improved; meanwhile, the utilization rate of each hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group is kept relatively consistent.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structural principle of a conventional hydrogen production and hydrogen adding station in a station in the prior art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structural principle of a conventional external hydrogen-supplying hydrogenation station in the prior art.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency hydrogenation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
a 1-hydrogen supply unit, a 2-hydrogen storage bottle, a 3-hydrogen compression unit, a 4-1 st group hydrogen storage unit, a 5-2 nd group hydrogen storage unit, a 6-3 rd group hydrogen storage unit, a 7-hydrogenation unit, an 8-end user, 9,11, 13-first control valves, 10,12, 14-second control valves, 18,19, 20-pressure sensors, 15,16, 17-third control valves, 21,22, 23-hydrogen storage branches and 24,25, 26-hydrogen transportation branches.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in a method or process disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except for mutually exclusive features and/or steps.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving the same or equivalent purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, each feature is one example only of a generic series of equivalent or similar features, unless expressly stated otherwise.
The efficient hydrogenation process and system of the present invention are described in detail below.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a high-efficiency hydrogenation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the high efficiency hydrogenation system according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a hydrogen supply unit 1, a hydrogen compression unit 3, a hydrogenation unit 7, and at least two sets of hydrogen storage units arranged in parallel. Wherein the hydrogen supply unit 1 is connected with the hydrogen compression unit 3, the hydrogen compression unit 3 is respectively connected with each group of hydrogen storage units through hydrogen storage branches 21,22 and 23, and each group of hydrogen storage units is respectively connected with the hydrogenation unit 7 through hydrogen delivery branches 24,25 and 26 connected with the hydrogen storage branches 21,22 and 23.
The hydrogen supply unit 1 adopted in the invention can be an in-station hydrogen production device or an external hydrogen supply device, wherein the in-station hydrogen production device at least comprises an in-station hydrogen production purification device and a buffer tank, and the external hydrogen supply device at least comprises a hydrogen long tube trailer and a hydrogen unloading device. In addition, the hydrogen compression unit 3 in the invention can be a compressor or a compression pump, and can be used for pressurizing the hydrogen extracted from the hydrogen supply unit 1 and then sending the hydrogen into the hydrogen storage unit for storage; the hydrogenation unit 7 in the invention can be a hydrogenation machine, and the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage unit is filled into the terminal users 8 (such as buses, logistics vehicles and the like).
Preferably, each group of hydrogen storage units comprises at least two hydrogen storage bottles 2, the number, specification and rated working pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units are the same, and each hydrogen storage branch 21,22,23 is provided with a first control valve 9,11,13, a second control valve 10,12,14 and a pressure sensor 18,19,20 in sequence along the hydrogen flow direction. More preferably, a third control valve 15,16,17 is provided on each hydrogen transfer branch 24,25,26, and the connection of the hydrogen transfer branch 24,25,26 to the hydrogen storage branch 21,22,23 is located between the first control valve 9,11,13 and the second control valve 10,12, 14.
Through the adjustment of the structure, the whole hydrogen storage device is divided into a plurality of hydrogen storage units with the same number of hydrogen storage bottles, wherein the use ratio of each hydrogen storage bottle is the same, the hydrogen storage bottles of each hydrogen storage unit have no high, medium and low pressure division, and a multi-stage filling mode is not adopted when hydrogen is supplied to an end user. And when the hydrogen storage bottle 2 of one hydrogen storage unit supplies hydrogen to the terminal user, the hydrogen compression equipment is not influenced to supplement high-pressure hydrogen to the hydrogen storage bottles of other hydrogen storage units, and the use efficiency of the hydrogen compression equipment is improved. Meanwhile, in the operation process of the hydrogenation station, the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle of each hydrogen storage unit can always keep a higher pressure range, and high-efficiency hydrogenation of the end user is always realized by the higher hydrogen pressure.
The hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units should be capable of satisfying that the residual hydrogen pressure after at least 3 times of filling of the required hydrogen gas by the end user is still above the minimum pressure value, wherein the residual hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage units is not lower than 35MPa when the hydrogen storage bottles are suitable for a hydrogen adding station with a filling pressure of 35MPa; when the device is suitable for a hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the residual hydrogen pressure of a hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage unit is not lower than 70MPa.
According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the high efficiency hydrogenation system of the present invention comprises three sets of hydrogen storage units, each set comprising three hydrogen storage bottles of the same specification and rated operating pressure.
The invention also provides a high-efficiency hydrogenation method which utilizes the high-efficiency hydrogenation system to fill hydrogen into the terminal user 8. Specifically, the high-efficiency hydrogenation method comprises the following steps:
A. the hydrogen compression unit 3 is utilized to extract hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit 1, pressurized and then filled into each group of hydrogen storage units to reach rated pressure value;
B. controlling the 1 st group hydrogen storage unit to fill hydrogen to the terminal user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7, switching to the 2 nd group hydrogen storage unit 5 to fill hydrogen to the terminal user 8 when the hydrogen pressure of the 1 st group hydrogen storage unit 4 is lower than a set pressure value, and simultaneously starting the hydrogen compression unit 3 to extract hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit 1, pressurizing and then filling the hydrogen into the 1 st group hydrogen storage unit 4 to restore the pressure to a rated pressure value;
when the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage unit 5 in the group 2 is lower than the set pressure value, the next hydrogen storage unit is switched to fill hydrogen to the end user 8, meanwhile, the hydrogen compression unit 3 is started to pump the hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit 1, the hydrogen is pressurized and then is filled into the hydrogen storage unit 5 in the group 2, the pressure of the hydrogen is restored to the rated pressure value, and the hydrogen storage unit is circularly switched to realize high-efficiency hydrogenation.
When the hydrogen storage units are only 2 groups, the next group of hydrogen storage units are the 1 st group of hydrogen storage units 4; when the hydrogen storage units are 3 groups, the next group of hydrogen storage units are 3 rd group of hydrogen storage units 6, and then the hydrogen storage units are circularly switched to 1 st group of hydrogen storage units 4; when the hydrogen storage units are more than 4 groups, hydrogenation and charging are performed by circularly switching in a similar manner.
When the invention is suitable for the hydrogenation station with the filling pressure of 35MPa, the rated pressure value is 40-45 MPa, and the set pressure value is 35MPa; when the invention is suitable for the hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the rated pressure value is 80-87.5 MPa, and the set pressure value is 70MPa.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples.
The specific structure of this embodiment is shown in fig. 3, that is, this embodiment is described by taking an arrangement mode in which three sets of hydrogen storage units are included and each set of hydrogen storage units includes three gas cylinders as an example.
Hydrogen from the hydrogen supply unit (hydrogen generated by hydrogen production in a station or hydrogen supplied to a hydrogen adding station by a long pipe trailer) is stored in three groups of hydrogen storage units 4, 5 and 6 of the hydrogen storage device after being pressurized by a hydrogen compression device 3 (a compressor or a pump). The number, specification and rated working pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles in the hydrogen storage units 4, 5 and 6 are all equal, and each hydrogen storage unit can meet the requirement that at least the residual hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles is still above the minimum value after the hydrogen storage units are filled with the required hydrogen for 3 times by an end user 8 (such as a bus, a logistics vehicle and the like) (when the hydrogen storage units are used for a hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 35MPa, the residual hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles is not lower than 35MPa, and when the hydrogen storage units are used for a hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the residual hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles is not lower than 70 MPa).
When hydrogen is fed to the end user 8 via the hydrogenation unit 7, this can be performed as follows:
1. group 1 hydrogen storage unit 4 supplies hydrogen:
(1) Valves 9, 16 and 17 are closed, valves 10 and 15 are opened, and hydrogen is filled into the end user 8 through the hydrogenation unit 7 by the hydrogen storage unit 4 of the 1 st group;
(2) With the continuous output of hydrogen, the hydrogen pressure in the 1 st group hydrogen storage unit 4 gradually decreases, and when the hydrogen pressure measured by the pressure sensor 18 is lower than a set pressure value (35 MPa when the hydrogen pressure sensor is used for filling a hydrogen station with the pressure of 35MPa, and 70MPa when the hydrogen pressure sensor is used for filling a hydrogen station with the pressure of 70 MPa), the next action is automatically switched;
2. switching to the group 2 hydrogen storage unit 5 for hydrogen supply:
(3) Keeping the valve 17 closed, closing the valves 11 and 15, opening the valves 12 and 16, and automatically switching to filling hydrogen into the end user 8 from the group 2 hydrogen storage unit 5 through the hydrogenation unit 7;
(4) After the step (3) is completed, the automatic opening of the valve 9 is delayed, the valve 10 is kept open, the hydrogen compression unit 3 is started, the upstream hydrogen is pumped and pressurized and then filled into the 1 st group of hydrogen storage units 4, so that the pressure is restored to a required value (the pressure is kept to be 40-45 MPa when the hydrogen storage units are used for filling hydrogen stations with the pressure of 35MPa, and the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is kept to be 80-87.5 MPa when the hydrogen storage units are used for filling hydrogen stations with the pressure of 70 MPa). The hydrogen filling of the 1 st group hydrogen storage unit 4 is completed before the step (7), and after the pressure reaches the requirement, the valve 9 is automatically controlled to be closed by a pressure signal measured by the pressure sensor 18;
(5) Along with the continuous output of the hydrogen, the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage unit 5 of the group 2 is gradually reduced, and when the hydrogen pressure measured by the pressure sensor 19 is lower than a set value, the next action is performed to automatically switch;
3. switching to the 3 rd group hydrogen storage unit 6 for hydrogen supply:
(6) Keeping the valve 15 closed, closing the valves 13 and 16, opening the valves 14 and 17, and automatically switching to filling hydrogen into the end user 8 from the group 3 hydrogen storage unit 6 through the hydrogenation unit 7;
(7) After the step (6) is completed, the valve 9 is automatically closed, the valve 11 is opened, the hydrogen compression unit 3 keeps running, the upstream hydrogen is pumped, pressurized and then filled into the hydrogen storage unit 5 of the group 2, so that the pressure is restored to a required value (the pressure is kept to be 40-45 MPa when the hydrogen storage unit is used for filling a hydrogen station with the pressure of 35MPa, and the pressure of a hydrogen storage bottle is kept to be 80-87.5 MPa when the hydrogen storage unit is suitable for filling a hydrogen station with the pressure of 70 MPa). The hydrogen filling of the hydrogen storage unit 5 of the group 2 is completed before the step (10), and after the pressure reaches the requirement, the valve 11 is automatically controlled to be closed by a pressure signal measured by the pressure sensor 19;
(8) Along with the continuous output of the hydrogen, the hydrogen pressure in the 3 rd hydrogen storage unit 6 is gradually reduced, and when the hydrogen pressure measured by the pressure sensor 20 is lower than a set value, the next action is performed to automatically switch;
4. switching to the 1 st group hydrogen storage unit 4 for hydrogen supply:
(9) Keeping the valve 16 closed, the valve 10 open, closing the valves 9 and 17, opening the valve 15, and automatically switching to filling hydrogen into the end user 8 from the hydrogen storage unit 4 of the 1 st group through the hydrogenation unit 7;
(10) After the step (9) is completed, the valve 11 is automatically closed and the valve 13 is opened in a delayed manner, the hydrogen compression unit 3 keeps running, the upstream hydrogen is pumped and pressurized and then is filled into the 3 rd group of hydrogen storage units 6, so that the pressure is restored to a required value (the pressure is kept to be 40-45 MPa when the hydrogen storage units are used for filling hydrogen stations with the pressure of 35MPa, and the pressure of the hydrogen storage bottle is kept to be 80-87.5 MPa when the hydrogen storage units are used for filling hydrogen stations with the pressure of 70 MPa). The hydrogen filling of the hydrogen storage bottle group 6 is completed before the next round of step (4), and after the pressure reaches the requirement, the valve 13 is automatically controlled to be closed by a pressure signal measured by the pressure sensor 20;
(11) With the continuous output of hydrogen, the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage unit 4 of group 1 gradually decreases, and when the hydrogen pressure measured by the pressure sensor 18 is lower than the set value, the processes of steps (3) to (11) are repeated.
In summary, the high-efficiency hydrogenation method and the high-efficiency hydrogenation system provided by the invention have the advantages that when a certain group of hydrogen storage units supply hydrogen to a terminal user, the compression equipment is not influenced to supplement hydrogen to other groups of hydrogen storage units, so that the utilization rate of the compression equipment is improved; in the operation process of the hydrogenation station, the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units always keeps a higher pressure range (keeps a larger pressure difference with the end user all the time), and the hydrogen storage bottle group can realize high-efficiency hydrogenation for the end user with higher hydrogen pressure, so that the hydrogenation speed and the hydrogenation efficiency are improved; meanwhile, the utilization rate of each hydrogen storage bottle in the hydrogen storage bottle group is kept relatively consistent.
The invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The invention extends to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the features disclosed in this specification, as well as to any novel one, or any novel combination, of the steps of the method or process disclosed.
Claims (5)
1. The efficient hydrogenation method is characterized in that a high-efficiency hydrogenation system is utilized to fill hydrogen to an end user;
the high-efficiency hydrogenation system comprises a hydrogen supply unit, a hydrogen compression unit, a hydrogenation unit and at least two groups of hydrogen storage units which are arranged in parallel, wherein the hydrogen supply unit is connected with the hydrogen compression unit, the hydrogen compression unit is respectively connected with each group of hydrogen storage units through hydrogen storage branches, and each group of hydrogen storage units is respectively connected with the hydrogenation unit through hydrogen delivery branches connected with the hydrogen storage branches;
each group of hydrogen storage units comprises at least two hydrogen storage bottles, the number, the specification and the rated working pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units are the same, and each hydrogen storage branch is sequentially provided with a first control valve, a second control valve and a pressure sensor along the hydrogen flow direction;
the hydrogen storage bottles of each group of hydrogen storage units can meet the requirement that the residual hydrogen pressure after filling the required hydrogen amount for at least 3 times for an end user is still above a minimum pressure value, wherein when the hydrogen storage bottles are suitable for a hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 35MPa, the residual hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage bottles of the hydrogen storage units is not lower than 35MPa; when the hydrogen storage unit is suitable for a hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the residual hydrogen pressure of a hydrogen storage bottle of the hydrogen storage unit is not lower than 70MPa;
the high-efficiency hydrogenation method comprises the following steps:
A. the hydrogen compression unit is utilized to extract hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit, pressurized and then filled into each group of hydrogen storage units to reach rated pressure values;
B. controlling the hydrogen storage unit of the 1 st group to fill hydrogen to a terminal user through the hydrogenation unit, switching to the hydrogen storage unit of the 2 nd group to fill hydrogen to the terminal user when the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage unit of the 1 st group is lower than a set pressure value, and simultaneously starting the hydrogen compression unit to extract hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit, pressurizing and filling the hydrogen into the hydrogen storage unit of the 1 st group to restore the pressure to a rated pressure value;
when the hydrogen pressure of the hydrogen storage unit of the 2 nd group is lower than the set pressure value, the hydrogen storage unit of the next group is switched to fill hydrogen to the terminal user, meanwhile, the hydrogen compression unit is started to pump hydrogen in the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen is pressurized and then is filled into the hydrogen storage unit of the 2 nd group, so that the pressure of the hydrogen is restored to the rated pressure value, and the hydrogen storage unit is circularly switched to realize high-efficiency hydrogenation.
2. The efficient hydrogenation method according to claim 1, wherein the rated pressure value is 40-45 MPa and the set pressure value is 35MPa when the method is applied to a hydrogenation station with a filling pressure of 35MPa; when the pressure regulator is suitable for the hydrogen adding station with the filling pressure of 70MPa, the rated pressure value is 80-87.5 MPa, and the set pressure value is 70MPa.
3. The efficient hydrogenation method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen supply unit is an in-station hydrogen production device or an external hydrogen supply device, the hydrogenation unit is a hydrogenation machine, and the hydrogen compression unit is a compressor or a compression pump.
4. The high efficiency hydrogenation process according to claim 3, wherein said on-site hydrogen production facility comprises at least an on-site hydrogen production purification facility and a buffer tank, and said off-site hydrogen supply facility comprises at least a hydrogen tube trailer and a hydrogen discharge facility.
5. The efficient hydrogenation method according to claim 4, wherein a third control valve is provided on each hydrogen transfer branch, and a junction of the hydrogen transfer branch and the hydrogen storage branch is located between the first control valve and the second control valve.
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