Laser device for cutting tunnel front boulder
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel excavator equipment, in particular to a laser device for cutting boulders in front of a tunnel.
Background
With the development of economy, the construction of infrastructure is gradually increased in China, particularly in recent years, the construction of cross-sea and over-sea tunnels is gradually increased, a shield machine is often used in the tunnel construction process to accelerate the working efficiency, and the construction method of the shield machine is different from an open construction method in which the tunnel is constructed while the tunnel is tunneled.
However, the existing river-crossing and sea-crossing tunnels are increasingly required to be constructed, but in the underwater tunnel construction process, the situation of the front boulder is rare, the fast treatment is difficult, and the efficiency and the safety of the tunnel construction are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that in the process of building an underwater tunnel in the prior art, the situation of front boulders is frequently seen and is difficult to quickly process, and the high efficiency and safety of tunnel construction are influenced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a laser device for cutting boulders in front of a tunnel is arranged in a shield shell of a shield machine; the laser device is provided with a side plate arranged in the shield shell; the center of the side plate is provided with a through hole for the rotating shaft to pass through; the front end of the rotating shaft extends out of the center of the side plate, and a cutter head is fixedly connected to the end of the through hole; a cutter is arranged on the cutter head; a laser mounting frame for mounting a laser is fixed in the middle of the cutter head; the rear end of the rotating shaft extends out of the center of the side plate, and a second gear is sleeved at the end of the through hole; a first gear is sleeved outside the second gear; the first gear is connected with the output ends of two first servo motors which are arranged up and down; the two first servo motors are fixed on the side plates; the laser mounting rack is provided with a plurality of through holes for mounting the laser; the lasers rotate along with the laser mounting frame under the action of the first servo motor to cut the boulders in front of the tunnel; a spiral conveyor for conveying materials is also arranged in the shield shell; a plurality of stop blocks are fixed on the inner side wall of the shield shell, and a propulsion oil cylinder for propelling the shield machine to advance is fixed on each stop block;
a clamping mechanism for clamping the laser is arranged corresponding to each laser; the clamping mechanism is provided with connecting blocks arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the corresponding laser; the two connecting blocks are fixed on the laser fixing frame; the connecting block is a U-shaped block; the outer sides of the two connecting blocks are respectively provided with a second servo motor fixed on the laser fixing frame; the two second servo motors are oppositely arranged; the output ends of the second servo motors are connected with screw rods; the screw rod penetrates through one side wall surface of the U-shaped block and is supported on the other side wall surface; each screw rod is sleeved with a sliding block matched with the screw rod in a threaded manner; the two sliding blocks are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the laser; a support rod is arranged between the slide block and the end face corresponding to the laser; one end of the supporting rod is fixedly connected with the sliding block, and the other end of the supporting rod is fixed on the movable plate; an extrusion plate is arranged between the moving plate and the end face corresponding to the laser; the extrusion plate is contacted with the end face of the laser; the extrusion plate is connected with the movable plate through two inserted rods; the two inserted rods penetrate through the moving plate and are fixedly connected with the extrusion plate; and the end of the inserted bar is provided with an anti-drop block.
And the upper end face and the lower end face of the laser are respectively provided with a locking groove matched with the clamping mechanism.
The inserted bar is sleeved with a second spring, and two ends of the second spring are respectively located between the moving plate and the extrusion plate.
And a third spring is wound on the supporting rod, and two ends of the third spring are respectively positioned between the moving plate and the sliding block.
And a rubber pad is arranged between the extrusion plate and the end face of the laser.
And a first spring is wound on the screw rod, and two ends of the first spring are respectively positioned between the sliding block and the cushion block.
The cutting knife include hack tool bit and rubble tool bit, all slide on hack tool bit and the rubble tool bit and insert and be equipped with the dead lever, the both ends of dead lever all with the blade disc put thing groove inside wall fixed connection.
The screw conveyer is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shield shell through the support column.
Compared with the prior art, the laser device for cutting the boulder in front of the tunnel has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the tunnel excavation device, the two first servo motors are started reversely, the smooth operation of the second gear is guaranteed through the arrangement of the two first servo motors, the redundancy is increased, the tunnel excavation can be smoothly carried out by driving the cutter head through the rotating shaft, and the situation that the tunnel excavation cannot be normally carried out when only one power device fails is avoided.
(2) The rotation of screw rod is realized through starting second servo motor, then drives the slider and reciprocates, is realizing pressing from both sides tightly and the unblock to the laser instrument through clamping device, and simple structure is convenient for realize the dismantlement and the installation of laser instrument, is convenient for maintain.
(3) The clamping device realizes that the extrusion plate has certain elastic buffering effect through the structures such as the second spring, the third spring and the movable plate, effectively avoids the damage of the laser caused by the pressure of the sliding block when the laser is fixed, increases the friction force of the rubber pad, ensures the stability of the fixing effect, and can adjust the laser intensity of the laser channel opening number and each channel according to the intensity and the volume of the boulder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser device for cutting a boulder in front of a tunnel according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the front side of a cutter head of a laser device for cutting boulders in front of a tunnel according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a clamping device of the laser device for cutting the boulder in front of the tunnel.
In the figure: 1-shield shell, 2-mounting rack, 3-first servomotor, 4-first gear, 5-sealing ring, 6-cutterhead, 7-cutting knife, 8-laser mounting rack, 9-rotating shaft, 10-side plate, 11-second gear, 12-protective cover, 13-supporting column, 14-screw conveyor, 15-stop, 16-thrust cylinder, 17-soil breaking cutter head, 18-soil breaking cutter head, 19-rubber pad, 20-laser, 21-cushion block, 22-first spring, 23-second servomotor, 24-mounting rack, 25-connecting block, 26-supporting rod, 27-anti-drop block, 28-moving plate, 29-extrusion plate, 30-second spring, 31-insertion rod, 32-third spring, 33-fixed rod, 34-through hole, 35-slide block and 36-screw rod.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a laser device for cutting boulders in front of a tunnel is arranged in a shield shell 1 of a shield machine; the laser device is provided with a side plate 10 arranged in the shield shell; the side plate 10 plays a role in water prevention and prevents slurry from flowing into the shield tunneling machine, and a through hole for the rotating shaft 9 to pass through is formed in the center of the side plate 10; the front end of the rotating shaft 9 extends out of the center of the side plate, and a cutter head 6 is fixedly connected to the end of the through hole; a sealing ring 5 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 9 in a sliding mode, the sealing ring 5 is fixedly connected with one side of the side plate 10 close to the cutter head 6, mud is prevented from entering the inside of the shield tunneling machine, and a clean and sanitary working environment is provided for workers; with reference to fig. 2, a cutter is mounted on the cutter head 6; a laser mounting rack 8 for mounting a laser is fixed in the middle of the cutter head 6; the rear end of the rotating shaft 9 extends out of the center of the side plate, and a second gear 11 is sleeved at the end of the through hole; the second gear 11 is positioned in a protective cover 12 fixed on the side plate; the outer side of the second gear 11 is sleeved with a first gear 4; the first gear 4 is connected with the output ends of the two first servo motors 3 which are arranged up and down; the two first servo motors 3 are fixed on the side plate 10 through a protective cover 12; the two first servo motors 3 are arranged to ensure that the second gear 11 runs smoothly, increase redundancy, ensure that the rotating shaft 9 drives the cutter head 6 to smoothly carry out tunnel excavation, and avoid the situation that the excavation cannot be carried out normally when only one power device fails; the laser mounting rack 8 is provided with a plurality of through holes 34 for mounting lasers; the laser through holes and the laser emitting devices at corresponding positions can be selected and opened in a targeted manner according to the position of the boulder; the laser device can adjust the opening number of the laser channels and the laser intensity of each channel according to the intensity and the volume of the boulder, when the laser device is used, the laser devices 20 are started, and rotate under the action of the first servo motor along with the laser device mounting frame to cut the boulder in front of the tunnel; the laser transmitter is used for mounting the laser transmitter, crushing large rocks, reducing the abrasion of a cutter head, facilitating the conveying of small rocks by the screw conveyor 14, accelerating the working efficiency, keeping the laser generating devices on the cutter head in a normally closed state, and independently controlling each laser transmitting device; a spiral conveyor 4 for conveying materials is also arranged in the shield shell 1; a plurality of stop blocks 15 are fixed on the inner side wall of the shield shell 1, and a propulsion oil cylinder 16 for propelling the shield machine to advance is fixed on each stop block;
referring to fig. 3, a clamping mechanism is provided for each of the lasers 22 to clamp the laser; the upper end face and the lower end face of the laser are respectively provided with a locking groove which is matched with the clamping mechanism; the clamping mechanism is provided with connecting blocks 25 arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the corresponding laser; the two connecting blocks 25 are fixed on the laser fixing frame 8; the connecting block 25 is a U-shaped block; the outer sides of the two connecting blocks 25 are respectively provided with a second servo motor 23 fixed on the laser fixing frame; the two second servo motors 23 are oppositely arranged; the output ends of the second servo motors 23 are connected with screw rods 36; the screw rod 36 penetrates through one side wall surface of the U-shaped block and is supported on the other side wall surface through the cushion block 21; each screw rod 36 is sleeved with a slide block 35 which is in threaded fit with the screw rod; the slide blocks 35 are perpendicular to the screw rod 36, and the two slide blocks 35 are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the laser 20; a support rod 26 is arranged between the slide block and the end face corresponding to the laser 20; one end of the supporting rod 26 is fixedly connected with the sliding block 35, and the other end of the supporting rod is fixed on the moving plate 28; a third spring 32 is wound on the supporting rod 26, and two ends of the third spring 32 are respectively positioned between the moving plate 28 and the sliding block 35; the second servo motor 23 is started to rotate the screw rod 36, then the sliding block 35 is driven to move up and down, the laser 20 is clamped and unlocked through the clamping device, the structure is simple, the laser 20 is convenient to disassemble and assemble, and the maintenance is convenient; realized through setting up second spring 30, third spring 32 and moving plate 28 isotructure that stripper plate 29 all has certain elastic buffer effect, effectually avoided slider 35 when fixing laser instrument 20 that the pressure how big causes laser instrument 20's damage, rubber pad 19 increases frictional force simultaneously, the stability of the fixed effect of guarantee.
A squeezing plate 29 is arranged between the moving plate 28 and the end face corresponding to the laser; the extrusion plate 29 is contacted with the end face of the laser 20; the extrusion plate 29 is connected with the moving plate 28 through two insertion rods 31; the two insert rods 31 penetrate through the moving plate and are fixedly connected with the extrusion plate 29; the end of the inserted bar 31 is provided with an anti-drop block 27; the inserted bar is sleeved with a second spring 30, and two ends of the second spring 30 are respectively positioned between the moving plate and the extrusion plate.
And a rubber pad 19 is arranged between the extrusion plate and the end face of the laser.
And a first spring is wound on the screw rod, and two ends of the first spring are respectively positioned between the sliding block and the cushion block.
The cutting knife include hack tool bit and rubble tool bit, all slide on hack tool bit 17 and the 18 tool bits of rubble and insert and be equipped with the dead lever, the both ends of dead lever all with the blade disc put thing inslot lateral wall fixed connection.
The screw conveyer is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the shield shell through the support column.
In the invention, when the shield machine works, the two first servo motors 3 are reversely started, the smooth operation of the second gear 11 is ensured by arranging the two first servo motors 3, the redundancy is increased, the tunnel excavation can be smoothly carried out by ensuring that the cutter head 6 is driven by the rotating shaft 9, the situation that the excavation cannot be normally carried out when only one power device fails is avoided, the rotation of the screw rod 36 is realized by starting the second servo motor 23, then the slide block 35 is driven to move up and down, the clamping and unlocking of the laser 20 are realized by the clamping device, the structure is simple, the disassembly and the assembly of the laser 20 are convenient to realize, the maintenance is convenient, the certain elastic buffer effect of the extrusion plate 29 is realized by arranging the second spring 30, the third spring 32, the moving plate 28 and the like in the clamping device, the damage of the laser 20 caused by the large pressure when the slide block 35 fixes the laser 20 is effectively avoided, meanwhile, the rubber pad 19 increases friction force, stability of fixing effect is guaranteed, and independent control of each laser emitting device is achieved. The laser device for cutting the boulder in front of the tunnel is simple in structure, convenient to operate, capable of randomly controlling the work of any laser, and convenient to detach, install and maintain.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.