CN109183838A - A kind of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions and its design method - Google Patents
A kind of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions and its design method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109183838A CN109183838A CN201811086008.9A CN201811086008A CN109183838A CN 109183838 A CN109183838 A CN 109183838A CN 201811086008 A CN201811086008 A CN 201811086008A CN 109183838 A CN109183838 A CN 109183838A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/045—Underground structures, e.g. tunnels or galleries, built in the open air or by methods involving disturbance of the ground surface all along the location line; Methods of making them
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/10—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure
- E02D31/12—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against soil pressure or hydraulic pressure against upward hydraulic pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/0007—Base structures; Cellars
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions and its design method, which is that adjacent center-to-center bottom plate sinks to being formed the shape of falling icicle space structure；Its design method include determine building strut away from, determine intercolumniation bottom plate sink height, determine that intercolumniation bottom plate sinking form, basement bottom board integral layout, basement floor constructions model, basement floor constructions internal force calculate, basement floor constructions arrangement of reinforcement and structure chart are drawn, basement bottom board construction.The basement floor constructions are able to bear biggish groundwater pressure, with high anti-crack ability, impermeability and anti-floating performance, its design method can design the high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions for meeting actual demand according to application project difference, the simple strong operability of step.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to special reinforced concrete structures, and in particular to a kind of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement bottom board knot
Structure and its design method.
Background technique
Building yard hydrogeologic condition becomes increasingly complex at present, and groundwater level is fed by abundance of water season and dry season
Variation and the influence of many factors such as environmental subsurface engineering activity and change complexity；Because depth of building wants embedded depth of foundation
It sums the abundant development and utilization needs of Underground Space Resource, building basic engineering obtains deeper and deeper, and underground water is to sole plate
Floating support active force increased dramatically, almost become normality more than the case where 200kPa；In order to improve the utilization rate of space, drop
Low underground construction space is using the difficulty of layout, and high building especially annex column is away from increasing, and multi-purpose raft mat foundation, stake
Base+raft mat foundation or anchor pole (rope)+raft mat foundation.The shearing and moment of flexure that these factors cause basement bottom board to bear are big
It is big to increase, it is limited by the critical ratio of reinforcement and often increases base plate thickness, the increase of base plate thickness increases construction joint and temperature again
The control difficulty in crack.
For underground water to the equilibrium problem of the total uplift pressure of building, the dead-weight balanced method of building, counterweight balance are often taken
Method, anchor force (anchoring pile, anchor pole or anchor cable) balancing method and long-term pumping drop method (such as Shanghai Jin Mao Balkh) measure are solved.It is right
Increase problem in intercolumniation bottom plate shearing and moment of flexure, frequently with increase foundation mat base plate thickness, increases foundation mat floor structure
Arrangement of reinforcement, or solved in technologies such as intercolumniation backplane anti-floating anchoring pile, anti-float anchor rod or anti-floating anchor cables.
Currently, although stability against floating computational theory and float Structure designing technique outside building, are able to solve some water
Literary geological conditions is simple, and groundwater level and its variation are clear, and building use has a single function, in the smaller situation of anti-floating head
Anti-floating engineering problem.But for more and more places, complicated hydrogeological conditions, groundwater level and its change procedure are more
Become, building still suffers from following problem using the vdiverse in function and big anti-floating engineering of anti-floating head:
(1) between high building (main building), annex and pure basement each unit the rigidity of structure and intensity difference, it is floating in underground water
Towing force acts on lower basement bottom board, exterior wall and partition wall and numerous structural cracks, such as Chengdu great Ding mall occurs.
(2) influence of Underground Rail Transit construction and the factors such as underground space development, to groundwater level and its variation
It evaluates difficulty to increase, evaluation conclusion increased risk, basement bottom board Anti-floating design reliability and safety reduce, and are basement bottom
The hidden danger for being difficult to predict has been buried in plate cracking leak.
(3) it is directed to high underground water anti-floating head, increases building basement base plate thickness, in addition to investment will increase, construction
Difficulty will will increase, and construction joint and thermal cracking are difficult to avoid that, such crack becomes channel and the hidden danger of leak, and is difficult to forever
Long property reparation.
(4) after infiltration occur in thermal cracking, construction crack and nascent structure cracking initiation, matching for basement bottom board is caused
Muscle accelerating corrosion, forms that " bottom plate incipient crack-crack infiltration-steel bar corrosion and concrete erosion-crack broaden-crack
Seep water more serious " vicious circle, eventually reduce the service life of floor structure.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the above problems, provide a kind of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions, the ground
Lower room floor structure is reduced basement bottom board and is bent span, reduced floor structure moment of flexure and tensile stress area using space structure
Domain makes full use of the characteristics of concrete crushing strength is much larger than tensile strength, solves above-mentioned basement floor constructions anti-floating cracking resistance
Engineering challenge.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a kind of design schemes of above-mentioned high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical scheme is that a kind of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions, are somebody's turn to do
Basement floor constructions are that adjacent center-to-center bottom plate sinks to being formed the shape of falling icicle space structure, with ordinary flat shape basement bottom board
Structure distinguishes.
A kind of design method of above-mentioned high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions, comprising the following steps:
S1, determine building strut away from: according to building Functional Design, determine architecture bottom layer basement column away from cloth
It sets；
S2, determine that intercolumniation bottom plate sinks highly: the range for being 1/15~1/6 according to ratio of rise to span determines bottom basement bottom
Maximum sinking height between sheet-pile；
S3, intercolumniation bottom plate sinking form is determined: high according to building yard hydrogeologic condition, foundation depth, anti-floating head
Degree and building basement Base isolation system, determine the sinking form of intercolumniation bottom plate；
S4, basement bottom board integral layout: the parameter determined according to step S1 to step S3, first layout bottom basement
The floor structure of regular colonnade section, according still further to the bottom plate of the isosceles triangle rule layout irregular colonnade section of bottom basement
Structure；
S5, basement floor constructions model: according to current specifications and principle to whole anti-uplift stability outside building and
Each building area stability and its internal force distribution are designed, according to outside step S1 to step S4 determining parameter, building
Portion's whole anti-uplift stability, each building area stability and its internal force distribution building basement bottom board intercolumniation floor structure calculate
Model；
S6, basement floor constructions internal force calculate:
According to the basement bottom board intercolumniation floor structure computation model that step S5 is obtained, using one in following two method
Kind carries out internal force calculating:
Method one: theoretical calculation is carried out according to Elasticity plate shell principle, or is calculated using finite element numerical and determines column
Between bottom plate internal force distribution；
Method two: it is pressed according to force value calculating principle in maximum along the beam of the longitudinal and transverse two directions subdivision unit width of plate
Simplify beam model according to actual beam with both ends built-in or both ends twisted branch to calculate, determines force value in the maximum of intercolumniation bottom plate；
S7, basement floor constructions arrangement of reinforcement and structure chart are drawn: determining basement bottom board internal force is calculated according to step S6
Distribution, according to reinforced concrete structural design specification carry out ratio of reinforcement calculating, according to arrangement of reinforcement interest rate calculate data carry out arrangement of reinforcement and
Structure chart is drawn, complete design；
S8, basement bottom board construction: according to basement and basic design parameter surveying and locating, according to the floor structure of design
Design parameter excavates cracking resistance bottom plate foundation trench, and construction cushion coat and waterproof layer, installation and butting cracking resistance bottom plate and pillar construction reinforcing bar,
Set up template casting concrete.
Preferably, in step S3, the building basement Base isolation system includes pile-raft foundation and anchor shaft anchor cable raft formula base
Plinth.
Preferably, in step S3, using isosceles triangle sinking form.
Preferably, in step S5, the basement bottom board intercolumniation floor structure computation model, actual boundary is fixed edge
Boundary handles using fixed boundary or rotates BORDER PROCESSING.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions provided by the invention, put down with common
Plate shape basement floor constructions distinguish, which sinks to being formed for adjacent center-to-center bottom plate insults cone space
It is a kind of space type building basement floor constructions to structure, which is able to bear biggish groundwater pressure, is led to
Cross reduction bending span and moment of flexure and reduce and tensile stress and cut tensile stress, make it have high anti-crack ability, impermeability and
Anti-floating performance, and service life is extended, while its thickness and the ratio of reinforcement reduce, and then investment is greatly saved.Further,
The design method of above-mentioned basement floor constructions provided by the invention can be designed according to application project difference and meet practical need
The high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions asked, the simple strong operability of step.In general, underground provided by the invention
Room floor structure and its design method can effectively solve the problem that bottom plate cracking leak usually occurs, is difficult to the work effectively post-processed
Journey disease problem, can be widely applied to rich groundwater and Source Of Supply extensively, groundwater pressure variation is complicated and is difficult to standard
Place ground, skyscraper box foundation or the stake foundation mat and basement anti-float anchor rod basis foundation mat of true quantitative assessment
Etc. occasions, it is practical, be worth popularization in the field of business.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 be in the embodiment of the present invention two-way equal columns away from floor map；
Fig. 2 is A-A ' directional profile figure in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is B-B ' directional profile figure in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is C-C ' directional profile figure in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is D-D ' directional profile figure in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is E-E ' directional profile figure in Fig. 1；
Fig. 7 is column and intercolumniation raft plate plan view；
Fig. 8 is column and intercolumniation raft plate elevational schematic view；
Fig. 9 is intercolumniation raft plate elevational schematic view；
Figure 10 is intercolumniation raft plate half range structural model；
Figure 11 is intercolumniation raft plate half range structural model.
Description of symbols: 1, bottom plate；2, bottom basement；3, basement；4, basement floor；5, bottom basement
Level ground.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, in the following with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments
The present invention is described further.It should be pointed out that the direction term mentioned in following embodiment, sequence term, such as
"upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right" etc. are only the directions with reference to attached drawing, therefore, the direction term used be for
Explanation is not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in figs. 1-11, in the present embodiment by the columns heart such as two-way 10m away from for, high anti-floating provided by the invention is shown
Cracking resistance basement floor constructions, the basement floor constructions are that basement bottom board local subsidence forms the type of falling icicle, basement bottom
Plate is locally the part that may make up between rectangular adjacent four columns on basement bottom board.It is worth noting that when other situations
(such as irregular column heart away from, the non-bidirectional column heart away from situations such as), floor structure only has the difference of length and width size, has no other realities
The difference of matter.
Further, " basement bottom board " in the present invention refers to the related podium basement of high-rise, lives small
Pure basement or other underground structure bottom foundation slab structures in area.
Below also by the columns heart such as two-way 10m away from for high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions provided by the invention
Design method be described in more detail, further to show advantages of the present invention and principle:
The design method of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions of the invention, specifically includes the following steps:
S1, determine building strut away from:
According to building or structures architecture Functional Design, building or structures (underground storehouse and parking lot are determined
Deng) basement bottom column is away from arrangement.As shown in Figure 1, be the columns heart such as two-way 10m away from situation, other non-bidirectional equal columns hearts are away from, rule
The column heart away from or the irregular column heart away from determination method according to architecture design determine.
S2, determine that intercolumniation bottom plate sinks highly:
The range for being 1/15~1/6 according to " ratio of rise to span " determines that basement bottom bottom plate intercolumniation maximum is sunk highly.Such as figure
Shown in 2, it is highly 0.8m, ratio of rise to span 1/12.5 that maximum, which is sunk,.
S3, intercolumniation bottom plate sinking form is determined:
According to building yard hydrogeologic condition, foundation depth, anti-floating head height and building basement Base isolation system
(including pile-raft foundation and anchor shaft anchor cable foundation mat) determines the sinking form of intercolumniation plate.
It should be noted that spherical cap type or ellipsoid crown form sinking form are being tied according to the Plate Theory in Elasticity
In structure stress most rationally, but difficulty of design and construction is larger, therefore is preferably sunk using isosceles triangle form, can take into account knot
The simplicity of reasonability and implementation on structure, the sectional view of all directions in Fig. 1 as seen in figures 3-6.
S4, basement bottom board integral layout:
According to the parameter that step S1 to step S3 is determined, it is laid out the bottom plate knot of bottom basement rule colonnade section first
Structure, according still further to the floor structure of the isosceles triangle rule layout irregular colonnade section of bottom basement.
S5, basement floor constructions model:
Monolithic architecture beyond the region of objective existence portion whole anti-uplift stability and each building area (main building, podium and pure underground chamber region) anti-floating are steady
The distribution of qualitative and its internal force is designed according to current specifications and principle.Further according to step S1 to step S4 determining parameter, build
Build beyond the region of objective existence portion whole anti-uplift stability, each building area stability and its internal force distribution building basement bottom board intercolumniation bottom plate knot
Structure computation model.
It as illustrated in figures 7-11, is building basement bottom plate intercolumniation floor structure computation model in the present embodiment, wherein figure
Computation model shown in 10-11, actual boundary are fixed boundary, can be handled according to fixed boundary；In order to simplify calculating work
Amount, can be according to rotatable BORDER PROCESSING, and calculated result is content to retain sovereignty over a part of the country complete for structure design.
S6, basement floor constructions internal force calculate:
According to Figure 10-11 representation models, the calculating of floor structure internal force is carried out.There are two types of the calculation methods of internal force, can be optional
One.
Method one: theoretical calculation is carried out according to Elasticity plate shell principle, or is calculated using finite element numerical and determines column
Between bottom plate internal force distribution；
Method two: according to force value calculating principle in maximum, along the vertical (a of plate shown in Figure 10 and Figure 111, b1—a4, b4), it is horizontal
(a5, b5—a4, b4) both direction subdivision unit width beam, simplify beam according to actual beam with both ends built-in or both ends twisted branch
Model calculates, and determines force value in the maximum of plate.
S7, basement floor constructions arrangement of reinforcement and structure chart are drawn:
Determining basement bottom board internal force distribution is calculated according to step S6, according to design of reinforced concrete structure related specifications
Ratio of reinforcement calculating is carried out, data are calculated according to arrangement of reinforcement interest rate and carry out arrangement of reinforcement and structure chart drafting.
S8, basement bottom board construction:
According to basement and basic design parameter surveying and locating, cracking resistance bottom is excavated according to the cracking resistance back-plane design parameter of design
Plate foundation trench, and construction cushion coat and waterproof layer, installation and butting cracking resistance bottom plate and pillar construction reinforcing bar set up template and pour coagulation
Soil.
It should be noted that high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions provided by the invention, wherein " highly resistance buoyancy energy " is
Refer to for the smaller anti-floating head of present common building object basement, is able to bear anti-floating head greater than the underground 20m or more
The performance of water pressure；" high cracking resistance energy " refers to relative to common plane type basement bottom raft formula (including stake raft formula or anchor pole
Raft formula) sole plate (larger moment of flexure is generated in the case where descending anti-floating head uplift pressure to act on higher, bottom plate is caused to be easy cracking, or
Person causes construction of bottom plates seam and thermal cracking to be easy relaxation infiltration) for, it is formed to fall by basement intercolumniation bottom plate local subsidence
Icicle shape space structure reduces intercolumniation bottom plate and is bent span, reduce floor structure flextensional power, has the energy of high bending cracking
Power.
Heretofore described " groundwater level " refers to the building yard underground water phreatic surface with underground construction space
Elevation.Earth's surface supply situation, the supply of surrounding seepage action of ground water and excretion situation and the people around that the elevation is formed with atmospheric precipitation
Class engineering activity situation (to the supply of underground water, pump drainage or seepage flow obstacle) and plan-position and change at random；
Further, above-mentioned " anti-floating head ", refers to building yard anti-floating groundwater level and building basement bottom
The difference of basal surface elevation；
Above-mentioned " anti-floating groundwater level ", refers to according to the specific random situation of change of building yard groundwater level, according to
The groundwater level that Anti-floating design standard as defined in statistic years and specification and anti-floating safety requirements determine.Specific buildings place
The level of ground water immobilize.
Above-mentioned " nascent structure crack ", caused by generating heat when referring to basement bottom board casting of concrete in mass because of concrete
Contraction fissure caused by the factors such as temperature distributing disproportionation.
Above-mentioned " thermal cracking ", after the completion of referring to that basement bottom board pours, because temperature change solidifies concrete structure heat expansion
Crack caused by shrinkage.
Basement floor constructions provided by the invention, compared with existing plate shaped basement floor constructions, under part
Heavy fold formed with spatial shape and compared with high bending resistance can basement floor constructions, design method provided by the invention,
Corresponding high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions can be gone out according to Practical Project Demand Design.In general, the basement bottom board
Structure and its design method have very strong practical value and wide application prospect, are worth popularization in the field of business.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.This field
Those of ordinary skill disclosed the technical disclosures can make according to the present invention and various not depart from the other each of essence of the invention
The specific variations and combinations of kind, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions, it is characterised in that: the basement floor constructions are adjacent center-to-center bottom
Plate sinks to being formed the shape of falling icicle space structure.
2. a kind of design method of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: including
Following steps:
S1, determine building strut away from: according to building Functional Design, determine architecture bottom layer basement column away from arrangement；
S2, determine that intercolumniation bottom plate sinks highly: the range for being 1/15~1/6 according to ratio of rise to span determines bottom basement bottom board column
Between it is maximum sink height；
S3, determine intercolumniation bottom plate sinking form: according to building yard hydrogeologic condition, foundation depth, anti-floating head height and
Building basement Base isolation system determines the sinking form of intercolumniation bottom plate；
S4, basement bottom board integral layout: the parameter determined according to step S1 to step S3, first layout bottom basement rule
The floor structure of colonnade section, according still further to the bottom plate knot of the isosceles triangle rule layout irregular colonnade section of bottom basement
Structure；
S5, basement floor constructions model: it is built according to current specifications and principle to whole anti-uplift stability outside building and respectively
It builds area's stability and its internal force distribution is designed, according to whole outside step S1 to step S4 determining parameter, building
Body stability, each building area stability and its internal force distribution building basement bottom board intercolumniation floor structure calculate mould
Type；
S6, basement floor constructions internal force calculate:
According to step S5 obtain basement bottom board intercolumniation floor structure computation model, using one of following two method into
Row internal force calculates:
Method one: theoretical calculation is carried out according to Elasticity plate shell principle, or is calculated using finite element numerical and determines intercolumniation bottom
The internal force of plate is distributed；
Method two: according to force value calculating principle in maximum, along the beam of the longitudinal and transverse two directions subdivision unit width of plate, according to reality
The beam with both ends built-in or both ends twisted branch on border simplify beam model and calculate, and determine force value in the maximum of intercolumniation bottom plate；
S7, basement floor constructions arrangement of reinforcement and structure chart are drawn: determining basement bottom board internal force calculated according to step S6 and is distributed,
Ratio of reinforcement calculating is carried out according to reinforced concrete structural design specification, data are calculated according to arrangement of reinforcement interest rate and carry out arrangement of reinforcement and structure chart
It draws；
S8, basement bottom board construction: according to basement and basic design parameter surveying and locating, according to the Structural Design of Bedplate of design
Parameter excavates cracking resistance bottom plate foundation trench, and construction cushion coat and waterproof layer, installation and butting cracking resistance bottom plate and pillar construction reinforcing bar, sets up
Template casting concrete.
3. the design method of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step S3
In, the building basement Base isolation system includes pile-raft foundation and anchor shaft anchor cable foundation mat.
4. the design method of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step S3
In, using isosceles triangle sinking form.
5. the design method of high anti-floating cracking resistance basement floor constructions according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: step S5
In, the basement bottom board intercolumniation floor structure computation model, actual boundary is fixed boundary, is handled or is turned using fixed boundary
Moving boundary processing.
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| CN112883621A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 陕西华山建设集团有限公司 | Method for acquiring positions of steel bar joints in irregular plate column shear wall under finite element analysis |
| CN112883620A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 陕西建工集团有限公司 | Construction method of irregular plate column shear wall structure under finite element analysis |
| CN112883622A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 陕西华山建设集团有限公司 | Method for acquiring arching position of template in irregular slab-column shear wall under finite element analysis |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111827364A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-27 | 深圳市建工集团股份有限公司 | Construction method for basement structure bottom plate leakage subarea point type drainage prevention and combination |
| CN112883621A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 陕西华山建设集团有限公司 | Method for acquiring positions of steel bar joints in irregular plate column shear wall under finite element analysis |
| CN112883620A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 陕西建工集团有限公司 | Construction method of irregular plate column shear wall structure under finite element analysis |
| CN112883622A (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2021-06-01 | 陕西华山建设集团有限公司 | Method for acquiring arching position of template in irregular slab-column shear wall under finite element analysis |
| CN112883621B (en) * | 2021-03-10 | 2022-09-02 | 陕西华山建设集团有限公司 | Method for acquiring positions of steel bar joints in irregular plate column shear wall under finite element analysis |
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| CN109183838B (en) | 2019-10-01 |
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