CN109183190A - A kind of functional new textile material and its preparation method and application - Google Patents
A kind of functional new textile material and its preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109183190A CN109183190A CN201810974330.9A CN201810974330A CN109183190A CN 109183190 A CN109183190 A CN 109183190A CN 201810974330 A CN201810974330 A CN 201810974330A CN 109183190 A CN109183190 A CN 109183190A
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- Prior art keywords
- soluble polymer
- polymer
- fibre
- nanofiber
- less soluble
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F11/00—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture
- D01F11/04—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers
- D01F11/08—Chemical after-treatment of artificial filaments or the like during manufacture of synthetic polymers of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/12—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyamide as constituent
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of functional new textile materials and its preparation method and application.The material integrates nanofiber, superfine fibre and general fibre, and style of fineness, physical property and manufactured goods etc. can be adjusted by minute design and technology controlling and process.Preparation method includes: that two kinds of incompatible polymers are blended, obtain polymer blend, then the extra large channel for feeding composite spinning machine together with the mixture of another group of two kinds of incompatible polymers again is blended again, less soluble polymer is fed in trunk channel, then composite filament is extruded by spinneret component, obtained fiber, which places into aqueous slkali, to be impregnated, finally readily soluble polymer is removed, the completely new fibrous material for integrating nanofiber, superfine fibre and general fibre can be obtained.Manufacturing equipment is simple, non-environmental-pollution, can carry out Produce on a large scale, not only amount is big and wide application.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to textile material and its preparation method and application field, in particular to a kind of functional weaving green wood
Material and its preparation method and application.
Background technique
Textile material is from after nineteen thirty-five, along with compound probability, the development of polymer chemistry industry and melt spinning
The invention of technology, the steering of the textile raw materials such as the plant fibers such as the cotton used at that time, fiber crops, animal skin, artificial silk are mentioned from coal, petroleum
The synthetic fiber material taken, being spun into the synthetic fibers such as terylene (PET), nylon (PA) by it, (horizontal well benefit is rich, Fiber
Materials and Their New Functions fiber と industry Vol.70, No.9 (2014)).The fineness of its fiber is big
Mostly 10000nm (10um) or more.Since the mechanical and physical performance of these synthetic fibers is excellent, application field constantly expands, at
For the majority fibers having a large capacity and a wide range in the world.With the continuous improvement of demand, currently to fibrous refinement, diversification of varieties with
And functionalization direction is developed, to meet multi-field different demands.
And in nineteen sixty-eight, Japan has made careful analysis and research to the structure and composition of natural leather, and (ridge sheet three is preferably, fine
Dimension association will (fiber と industry), 32 (9), 318 (1976)), discovery natural leather is mainly twined by collagen ultrafine with main body
Around structure composition.Since the fineness of superfine fibre is 100~10000nm (0.1~10um), can not directly be obtained by spinning at that time
?.Then Japan develops composite spinning method.It is that two kinds of incompatible polymers are spinned in pairs group by composite spinning machine
Part composite filament, after product is made, then the removing of one such polymer, another component left is formed with superfine fibre
Product.Japan produces artificial leather with bionic method, and target is substitution natural leather.
Superfine fibre is thin and soft, has good mechanical properties, and feel sense of touch is excellent, specious, in addition artificial skin
The advantages that leather, which has, to have good uniformity, not mould not eat into, light weight, in the world for the first time by made leather more than natural skin
Leather.Since artificial leather is for the purpose of substituting natural leather, therefore its field used is limited.
Into 2000, due to scientific and technological high development, the world entered the nanofiber epoch, and various countries are made with nanofiber
It is researched and developed for strategic objective.Since nanofiber has many advantages, such as large specific surface area, flexibility, filterability, hiding are dirty
Property, the function admirables such as feel, and the fineness of nanofiber is 1nm~100nm (0.001~0.1um), with strand grade 0.1nm
~1nm (0.0001~0.001um) is close, therefore its importance is with regard to self-evident.Since fiber is thinner, intensity is poorer, mesh
The intensity of preceding nanofiber intensity and theoretical value differs greatly.There are many device of nanofiber research and development, but can be only formed two dimension
Non-woven cloth, be of limited application.The key technology of current nanofiber development is its structuring and its technique
And device, reaching volume production, it will take time.Inventor is using blend melt spinning method many years ago, obtains in a fiber
Hundreds of nanofiber, however part readily soluble (COPET) in fiber is removed, it is found that it is formed between nanofiber uneven
Even adhesion beam.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of functional new textile material and preparation method thereof and answer
With prior art fibre obtained is ventilative, hygroscopicity is poor to overcome, and feel, style are bad, while fiber is single, no
It can accomplish the defect of fiber number all standing on same root fiber of existing fiber.
A kind of functional new textile material of the invention, the material collection nanofiber, superfine fibre and general fibre
In one, wherein general fibre is covered with nanofiber and superfine fibre as trunk, surface.
The nanofiber, superfine fibre are identical with the raw material of general fibre, are PET or PA.Due to trunk portion, receive
Rice fiber part, superfine fibre part are all same raw material PET or PA, and compatibility is fabulous, and nanofiber, superfine fibre are firmly
Ground is embedded in trunk portion, just as growing countless nanofiber and superfine fibre on trunk surface, and is firmly attached to trunk
On.
The material is before the removal of easy insoluble polymer, and trunk portion is general fibre, and the surface of general fibre is covered with
The compound short silk (or long filament) of the terylene (or nylon) of the nanofiber and superfine fibre of same material.
The compound short silk of terylene (or nylon) both can direct spinning use, can also with cotton fiber, flaxen fiber, bamboo fibre with
And the blended resultant yarn of viscose, cellulose acetate fibre；Terylene (or nylon) bicomponent filament yarn can be directly knitted, or fine with cotton fiber, fiber crops
Yarn made of dimension, bamboo fibre and viscose, cellulose acetate is interleaved.
A kind of preparation method of functional new textile material of the invention, comprising:
(1) less soluble polymer is blended with readily soluble polymer, obtains polymer blend A1；
(2) by the mixture of polymer blend A1 in step (1) and less soluble polymer and readily soluble polymer composition
The extra large channel for being sent into composite spinning machine is blended, and polymer blend A1 and A2 is obtained, wherein less soluble polymer and step
(1) less soluble polymer phase is same in, and readily soluble polymer and polymer phase readily soluble in step (1) are same；
(3) less soluble polymer is fed in composite spinning machine trunk channel, blending polymerization in step (2) is sent into extra large channel
Object A1 and A2, are extruded into composite filament by spinneret component；Wherein polymer blend A1 and A2 and less soluble polymer
The ratio of mass percent is 15:85~60:40, and less soluble polymer and polymer phase less soluble in step (1) are same；
(4) composite filament in step (3) is impregnated in aqueous slkali, is then heated in steam, removed behind readily soluble part i.e.
The Fresh fats that general fibre surface is covered with superfine fibre and nanofiber, i.e., functional new textile material can be obtained.
Less soluble polymer is insoluble or indissoluble, few molten polymer in the step (1).
Less soluble polymer is PET or PA in the step (1)；Readily soluble polymer is polymer COPET.
It is blended by less soluble polymer with readily soluble polymer in the step (1), it is in the blending process, less soluble
Polymer is refined into polymer blend because being squeezed, due to the effect of mobilization force.
The mass fraction ratio of less soluble polymer and readily soluble polymer is 20:80~80 in the step (1):
20, preferably 40:60~60:40.
The matter of the mixture of polymer blend and less soluble polymer and readily soluble polymer composition in the step (2)
Amount fraction scale is 20:80~80:20, preferably 40:60~60:40；Less soluble polymer polymerize with readily soluble in mixture
The mass fraction ratio of object is 20:80~80:20, preferably 40:60~60:40.
Less soluble polymer and readily soluble polymer and polymer blend A1 three are in screw rod in the step (2)
It is extruded blending once again in progradation and refines, wherein by the secondary part for being blended and squeezing and refining, referred to as A2.
The ratio of the mass percent of polymer blend A1 and A2 and less soluble polymer is 20 in the step (3):
80~50:50.
A1, A2 enter the extra large side of spinneret component under the propulsion of screw rod in the step (3), with island side as master
The less soluble polymer of stem portion converges and forms island composite filament, is trunk portion, surface by less soluble polymer
It is made of the polymer blend of A1+A2.
The step (1), (2), A1 is the superfine fibre part as made of being blended in (3).
A2 is that less soluble polymer is blended during composite spinning with readily soluble polymer in the step (2), (3)
Made of nanofiber part.
Polymer readily soluble in composite filament is removed because finally wanting molten in the step (3), should be controlled within 30%, best
10%~20%.
Lye is sodium hydroxide solution in the step (4)；Alkali liquid temperature is 95~98 DEG C, concentration of lye 6%.
Dip time is 3~5min in the step (4)；The time heated in steam is 10~15min.
A kind of functional new textile material of the invention can be applied to nonwoven, spunbond directly into cloth, or is processed by it
All kinds of base fabrics and its joint product.It is all kinds of that the new textile material is also applied for woven, knitting and non-woven dry method, wet process etc.
The application of product.
New material of the present invention is the trunk portion (or central part, core segment) of enhancing to be reinforced by and by around master
The surface of stem portion plays the nanometer of specific function, ultra-fine part composition, can be needed according to final products to fineness, function
Property, normalization, physical property and style etc. obtained by the technology controlling and process of minute design and precision.Using ease of solubility COPET altogether
So that PET or PA is formed A1 in mixed, then A2 is formed by it.Meanwhile A1 and A2 is maintain, after product is made, then readily soluble
COPET removal, then just foring a kind of by PET or PA is trunk, and surface is attached with the new of superfine fibre and nanofiber
Textile material.
Beneficial effect
Material of the present invention is the completely new textile fiber material for integrating nanofiber, superfine fibre and general fibre,
All standing of the fibre fineness on a root timber material since realizing by history, had not only substantially improved ventilative, moisture pick-up properties, but also mention significantly
The high feel of fabric.Completely new fiber imparts functionalization, keeps final products more to yield height, the PET and PA of wide application
Sample, normalization and unique style.Suitable for processing such as woven, knitting, non-woven dry, wet processes, it can be used for clothes, produce
Each field such as industry, dress ornament and health care.Manufacturing equipment is simple, non-environmental-pollution, can carry out Produce on a large scale, not only amount it is big and
Wide application.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the SEM electromicroscopic photograph of Fresh fats in embodiment 1；
Fig. 2 is SEM electromicroscopic photograph when trunk fiber surface is covered with superfine fibre and nanofiber amplifies 50,000 times；
Fig. 3 is SEM electromicroscopic photograph when trunk fiber surface is covered with superfine fibre and nanofiber amplifies 10,000 times；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of Fresh fats spinning in embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the present invention
Rather than it limits the scope of the invention.In addition, it should also be understood that, after reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art
Member can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Range.
The present invention is using two kinds of incompatible polymers, and one is insoluble or indissolubles, few molten conventional polymer, is such as washed
Synthetic fibre (PET) or nylon (PA), another kind are alkali soluble polyesters, blended and composite spinning, and final obtain is covered around main part
It is stamped nanofiber and superfine fibre.
Embodiment 1
Raw material: PET and COPET
PET and COPET is blended step 1. with 50% pair 50% of ratio, and the blending polymerization of PET/COPET is made
Object A1；
Step 2. is sent into again by A1 and by the mixture that PET and COPET each 50% is formed with 50% pair 50% of ratio again
The extra large channel for closing spinning machine is blended, and the blend A1 and A2 of PET/COPET are formed；
That step 3. is fed in composite spinning machine trunk channel B is PET, and what extra large channel was sent into is the blend of COPET
A1 and A2；They form composite filament (referring to fig. 4) in spinneret component with 60/40 ratio.
Trunk portion contains PET 60% in the composite filament, and superfine fibre contains 10%, and nanofiber contains 10%, and readily soluble
COPET contains 20%.The composite filament is 95~98 DEG C in temperature, impregnates (time 5min) in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 6%,
Then heated 15 minutes in steam, readily soluble COPET is removed, leave be trunk surface portion be covered with superfine fibre and
The full fineness PET Fresh fats of nanofiber.
Fig. 1: the fiber surface as trunk is covered with the SEM photograph of superfine fibre and nanofiber.
Fig. 2: SEM photograph when trunk fiber surface is covered with superfine fibre and nanofiber amplifies 50,000 times.
Fig. 3: SEM photograph when trunk fiber surface is covered with superfine fibre and nanofiber amplifies 10,000 times.
Embodiment 2
Raw material: PA and COPET
PA+COPET is blended step 1. with 50% pair 50% of ratio, and the polymer blend of PA/COPET is made
A1；
Step 2. is sent into again by A1 and by mixture that PA and COPET each 50% is formed with 50% pair 50% of ratio compound
The extra large channel of spinning machine is blended, and the blend A1 and A2 of PA/COPET are formed；
That step 3. is fed in composite spinning machine trunk channel B is PA, and what is be sent into extra large channel is the blend of COPET
A1 and A2；They form composite filament with 65/35 ratio in spinneret component.
Trunk portion contains PA 65% in the composite filament, and superfine fibre contains 8.75%, and nanofiber contains 8.75%, and readily soluble
COPET contain 17.5%.The composite filament is 95~98 DEG C in temperature, impregnates (the time in the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 6%
3min), then heated 15 minutes in steam, readily soluble COPET is removed, leave to be that trunk surface portion is covered with ultra-fine
The full fineness PA Fresh fats of fiber and nanofiber.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of functional new textile material, which is characterized in that the material collection nanofiber, superfine fibre and general fibre
In one, wherein general fibre is covered with nanofiber and superfine fibre as trunk, surface.
2. material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the original of the nanofiber, superfine fibre and general fibre
Expect identical, is PET or PA.
3. material according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the material is before the removal of easy insoluble polymer, stem portion
It is divided into general fibre, the surface of general fibre is covered with answering for the nanofiber of same material and the terylene of superfine fibre or nylon
Close short silk or bicomponent filament yarn.
4. material according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the terylene or the compound short silk direct spinning of nylon use or
With cotton fiber, flaxen fiber, bamboo fibre and viscose, the blended resultant yarn of cellulose acetate fibre；The bicomponent filament yarn of terylene or nylon is straight
It connects knitting or is interleaved with yarn made of cotton fiber, flaxen fiber, bamboo fibre and viscose, cellulose acetate.
5. a kind of preparation method of functional new textile material, comprising:
(1) less soluble polymer is blended with readily soluble polymer, obtains polymer blend A1；
(2) mixture of polymer blend A1 in step (1) and less soluble polymer and readily soluble polymer composition is sent into
The extra large channel of composite spinning machine is blended, and polymer blend A1 and A2 are obtained, wherein in less soluble polymer and step (1)
Less soluble polymer phase is same, and readily soluble polymer and polymer phase readily soluble in step (1) are same；
(3) less soluble polymer is fed in composite spinning machine trunk channel, polymer blend A1 in step (2) is sent into extra large channel
With A2, composite filament is extruded by spinneret component；The wherein quality of polymer blend A1 and A2 and less soluble polymer
The ratio of percentage is 15:85~60:40, and less soluble polymer and polymer phase less soluble in step (1) are same；
(4) composite filament in step (3) is impregnated in aqueous slkali, is then heated in steam, obtain the covering of general fibre surface
There are the Fresh fats of superfine fibre and nanofiber, i.e., functional new textile material.
6. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that less soluble polymer is PET in the step (1)
Or PA；Readily soluble polymer is polymer COPET；The mass fraction ratio of less soluble polymer and readily soluble polymer is
20:80~80:20.
7. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step (2) polymer blend A1 be not easy
The mass fraction ratio of the mixture of molten polymer and readily soluble polymer composition is 20:80~80:20；It is not easy in mixture
The mass fraction ratio of molten polymer and readily soluble polymer is 20:80~50:50.
8. preparation method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that lye is sodium hydroxide solution in the step (4)；
Alkali liquid temperature is 95~98 DEG C, concentration of lye 6%；Dip time is 3~5min；The time heated in steam be 10~
15min。
9. a kind of application of functional new textile material as described in claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810974330.9A CN109183190B (en) | 2018-08-24 | 2018-08-24 | Functional textile material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810974330.9A CN109183190B (en) | 2018-08-24 | 2018-08-24 | Functional textile material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN109183190B CN109183190B (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110257952A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 苏州峰佳达化纤纺织有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength ventilative polyamide composite filaments |
| CN115386976A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-25 | 王辉 | Novel functional textile material with good air permeability and moisture removal |
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| JPS59216915A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-12-07 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | Ultrafine fiber structure and production thereof |
| JPH04194013A (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1992-07-14 | Chisso Corp | Fiber capable of producing ultrafine fiber |
| CN1310251A (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2001-08-29 | 南亚塑胶工业股份有限公司 | Superfine fiber and its making process |
| CN1366099A (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-08-28 | 巴陵石化岳阳石油化工总厂 | Process for preparing functional superfine composite polyamide-polypropylene fibre |
| CN1505702A (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2004-06-16 | ��ʽ�����¡ | A sea-island typed conjugate multi filament comprising dope dyeing component, and a process of preparing for the same |
| CN1720358A (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2006-01-11 | 东丽株式会社 | Nanofiber aggregate, polymer-alloy fibre, blended fiber, fiber construct and their manufacture method |
| CN101240459A (en) * | 2007-02-06 | 2008-08-13 | 浙江理工大学 | Polyester superfine fibre villus, flocked plus material stuck with the same, preparation method and application thereof |
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2018
- 2018-08-24 CN CN201810974330.9A patent/CN109183190B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59216915A (en) * | 1983-05-19 | 1984-12-07 | Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd | Ultrafine fiber structure and production thereof |
| JPH04194013A (en) * | 1990-11-21 | 1992-07-14 | Chisso Corp | Fiber capable of producing ultrafine fiber |
| CN1310251A (en) * | 2001-01-05 | 2001-08-29 | 南亚塑胶工业股份有限公司 | Superfine fiber and its making process |
| CN1366099A (en) * | 2001-01-19 | 2002-08-28 | 巴陵石化岳阳石油化工总厂 | Process for preparing functional superfine composite polyamide-polypropylene fibre |
| CN1505702A (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2004-06-16 | ��ʽ�����¡ | A sea-island typed conjugate multi filament comprising dope dyeing component, and a process of preparing for the same |
| CN1720358A (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2006-01-11 | 东丽株式会社 | Nanofiber aggregate, polymer-alloy fibre, blended fiber, fiber construct and their manufacture method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110257952A (en) * | 2019-06-27 | 2019-09-20 | 苏州峰佳达化纤纺织有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-strength ventilative polyamide composite filaments |
| CN115386976A (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-11-25 | 王辉 | Novel functional textile material with good air permeability and moisture removal |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109183190B (en) | 2021-04-02 |
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