CN109172163B

CN109172163B - Medical trolley capable of preventing inclination

Info

Publication number: CN109172163B
Application number: CN201811176507.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 任春华; 谭淑静
Original assignee: Rizhao Xuanyi Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: RIZHAO XUANYI INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2017-05-09
Filing date: 2017-05-09
Publication date: 2020-05-08
Anticipated expiration: 2037-05-09
Also published as: CN109172172A; CN109172172B; CN107088118B; CN109172163A; CN107088118A

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-tilting medical cart, which belongs to the field of medical instruments and comprises a cart body and wheels, and is characterized in that: the device also comprises a wheel carrier, a ratchet bar, a water tank, a floater, a screw rod and a bevel gear; the wheel shaft where the wheel is arranged at the lower end of the wheel frame; a ratchet bar is arranged above the wheel carrier; the inner side surface of the ratchet strip is provided with a ratchet; a horizontal pawl is arranged on the inner side of the ratchet bar; the inner side of the wheel carrier is provided with a water tank, and a floater is arranged in the water tank; the upper end of the floater inclines towards the inner side; a first bevel gear coaxial with the wheel is fixedly connected to a wheel shaft on which the wheel is arranged, a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is arranged beside the first bevel gear, the axis of the second bevel gear is vertical, and a hollow shaft is fixedly connected above the second bevel gear; the lower end of the screw rod is positioned in a vertical hole of the hollow shaft; the upper end of the ratchet bar is provided with a horizontal hole, and a horizontal rod passes through the horizontal hole. Compared with the prior art have the characteristics of walking steadily.

Description

Medical trolley capable of preventing inclination

Technical Field

The invention discloses a divisional application of an anti-tilt patient transfer device (application number: 2017103240551), and relates to a medical instrument, in particular to an anti-tilt medical cart.

Background

To some patients like cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases or other critical patients, the body can not rock when the illness is in attack, otherwise the illness can be aggravated, when the patient is transported by using a single vehicle or other transportation devices (such as a flat vehicle), the patient often passes through inclined and uneven road surfaces, so that the jolt is caused, meanwhile, the patient is changed into inclined lying from the posture of lying, the secondary injury is easily caused, and the rescue of the patient is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical task of the invention is to provide an anti-tilt medical cart aiming at the defects of the prior art.

The technical scheme for solving the technical problem is as follows: an anti-tilt medical cart comprises a cart body, wheels and an adjusting mechanism assembly; the wheel shaft where the wheel is located is arranged at the lower end of the adjusting mechanism assembly and is in rotatable connection; the adjusting mechanism assembly comprises a wheel carrier, a ratchet bar, a water tank, a floater, a screw rod, a bevel gear and a limiting block; the wheel shaft where the wheel is arranged at the lower end of the wheel frame, and the wheel shaft and the wheel frame are in rotatable connection; the plurality of wheel carriers are vertically arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body, a ratchet bar is arranged above the wheel carriers, and a first spring is arranged between the wheel carriers and the ratchet bar; the vehicle body is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the motion of the wheel carrier and the ratchet bar, and the wheel carrier and the ratchet bar can only move along the up-down direction by the limiting mechanism; the inner side surface of the ratchet bar is provided with a ratchet, the upper tooth surface of the ratchet is horizontal, and the lower tooth surface of the ratchet is inclined along the direction from outside to inside; the inner side of the ratchet bar is provided with a horizontal pawl, and the outer side end of the pawl is in a ratchet shape matched with the ratchet bar; a vertical hole is arranged in the middle of the pawl; the inner side of the wheel carrier is provided with a water tank which is fixedly arranged on the vehicle body, a liquid medium is contained in the water tank, the water tanks are communicated through water pipes, a floater is arranged in the water tank, and the upper end of the floater extends out of an opening on the water tank; the float penetrates through a vertical hole in the middle of the pawl, wherein the width of the vertical hole along the inward and outward direction is larger than that of the float penetrating through the vertical hole part along the inward and outward direction, and the width difference of the two directions is larger than the height of the ratchet; the upper end of the floater inclines towards the inner side; the wheel shaft of the wheel is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear coaxial with the wheel shaft, a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is arranged beside the first bevel gear, the axis of the second bevel gear is vertical, a hollow shaft is fixedly connected above the second bevel gear, a connecting block is arranged on the wheel carrier at the position of the hollow shaft, a vertical hole is arranged on the connecting block, the hollow shaft penetrates through the vertical hole, the diameter of the part of the hollow shaft below the connecting block is larger than that of the vertical hole of the connecting block, and the shaft shoulder of the hollow shaft is propped against the bottom surface of the connecting block; a lead screw is arranged above the hollow shaft, a position, positioned at the upper end of the lead screw, on the vehicle body is provided with a limiting hole, the upper end of the lead screw is positioned in the limiting hole, the diameter of a section, positioned in the limiting hole, of the upper end of the lead screw is larger than the diameter of the lead screw main body, an inner flange is arranged at the position, opened at the lower end of the limiting hole, of the upper end of the lead screw, and the diameter of; the axis of the hollow shaft is provided with a vertical hole with an opening at the upper end, the lower end of the screw rod is positioned in the vertical hole of the hollow shaft, the periphery of the lower end of the screw rod is fixedly provided with a series of vertical sheets, the periphery of the vertical hole of the hollow shaft is also provided with a vertical groove matched with the vertical sheet, and the vertical sheet is inserted into the vertical groove; the upper end of the ratchet bar is provided with a horizontal hole, the horizontal hole penetrates through the horizontal rod, the outer end of the horizontal rod is provided with an arc-shaped block, the outer side surface of the arc-shaped block is an arc-shaped surface matched with the lead screw, the arc-shaped surface is provided with threads matched with the lead screw, the wheel rotates to drive the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the lead screw to rotate respectively and sequentially through the wheel shaft, and the arc-shaped block moves downwards through the lead screw; the inner end of the horizontal rod is provided with an inclined plane block, the diameter of the inclined plane block is larger than that of the main body part of the horizontal rod, the horizontal rod is sleeved with a third spring, two ends of the third spring are respectively propped against the ratchet bar and the inclined plane block, the inner side surface of the inclined plane block is provided with an inclined plane matched with the outer side surface of the inclined part at the upper end of the floater, and the inclined plane of the inclined plane block, which is contacted with the floater, is in a series of small saw-toothed shapes; a limiting block is arranged in the inner side direction of the floater, the limiting block is vertically arranged on the vehicle body, a fourth spring is arranged above the limiting block, and the upper end of the fourth spring is propped against the vehicle body; the vehicle body is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the limiting block, and the limiting block can only move in the up-and-down direction through the limiting mechanism; the limiting block is provided with a blind hole with an opening facing to the direction of the ratchet strip, the inner end of the pawl is positioned in the blind hole, the inner side end of the pawl is provided with a second spring, the inner side end of the second spring abuts against the bottom of the blind hole, the limiting block is provided with two extending blocks extending towards the direction of the ratchet strip, the two extending blocks are respectively positioned at the front side and the rear side of the pawl, the positions, close to the pawl, of the extending blocks are respectively provided with a limiting groove matched with the front side and the rear side of the pawl in shape, the front side and the rear side of the pawl are respectively positioned in the limiting grooves, and the pawl is limited to move only in the.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following outstanding beneficial effects:

1. when the walking vehicle walks on a slope, the walking vehicle can keep balance and does not incline, and can prevent falling;

2. has the function of vibration reduction.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a of fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken along line C-C in fig. 6.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. For convenience of description, hereinafter, "inner" and "outer" refer to the middle direction and the outer direction of the entire apparatus, and "front" and "rear" refer to the forward direction and the backward direction of the entire apparatus.

In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention includes a vehicle body 1, wheels 2, and an adjustment mechanism assembly. And the wheel shaft 4 where the wheels 2 are arranged is arranged at the lower end of the adjusting mechanism assembly and is in rotatable connection.

The adjusting mechanism assembly comprises a wheel carrier 24, a ratchet bar 18, a water tank 23, a floater 22, a lead screw 11 and a bevel gear. The specific connection relationship between the wheel 2 and the adjusting mechanism assembly is as follows: the wheel shaft 4 where the wheel 2 is arranged at the lower end of the wheel frame 24, and the wheel shaft 4 is rotatably connected with the wheel frame 24.

The plurality of wheel frames 24 are vertically arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body 1, the ratchet bar 18 is arranged above the wheel frames 24, and the first spring 10 is arranged between the wheel frames 24 and the ratchet bar 18. The vehicle body 1 is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the movement of the wheel carrier 24 and the ratchet 18, and the wheel carrier 24 and the ratchet 18 are limited by the limiting mechanism to move only in the up-down direction. The limiting mechanism can be a structure surrounding the wheel frame 24 and the ratchet bar 18 to prevent the wheel frame 24 and the ratchet bar 18 from moving and rotating horizontally; the limiting mechanism can also be a guide rail along the vertical direction so as to limit the wheel frame 24 and the ratchet bar 18 to move only along the vertical direction; the limiting mechanism can also be other structures capable of realizing the function in the prior art.

The inner side surface of the ratchet bar 18 is provided with a ratchet, the upper tooth surface of the ratchet is horizontal, and the lower tooth surface of the ratchet is inclined along the direction from outside to inside. The inner side of the ratchet bar 18 is provided with a horizontal pawl 21, the vehicle body 1 is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the movement of the pawl 21, and the pawl 21 can only move along the inward and outward directions through the limiting mechanism. The limiting mechanism can be a structure which is enclosed around the pawl 21 so as to prevent the pawl 21 from moving vertically and rotating; the limiting mechanism can also be a guide rail along the horizontal direction so as to limit the pawl 21 to move only along the horizontal direction; the limiting mechanism can also be other structures capable of realizing the function in the prior art. The outer end of the pawl 21 is in a ratchet shape corresponding to the ratchet bar 18, the inner end of the pawl 21 is provided with a second spring 20, and the inner end of the second spring 20 is pressed against the vehicle body 1. A vertical hole 19 is provided in the middle of the pawl 21.

The inner side of the wheel carrier 24 is provided with a water tank 23, the water tank 23 is fixedly arranged on the vehicle body 1, the water tank 23 is filled with water, oil or other liquid media, the water tanks 23 are communicated through a water pipe 32, a floater 22 is arranged in the water tank 23, and the upper end of the floater 22 extends out of an opening on the water tank 23. The float 22 passes through the vertical hole 19 in the middle of the pawl 21, wherein the width of the vertical hole 19 in the medial-lateral direction is larger than the width of the portion of the float 22 passing through the vertical hole 19 in the medial-lateral direction, and the difference in the width of the two directions is larger than the height of the ratchet teeth, so that the pawl 21 can move freely inward when the ratchet bar 18 falls. The upper end of the float 22 is inclined in the inward direction.

The wheel shaft 4 at the wheel 2 is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear 3 coaxial with the wheel shaft, a second bevel gear 25 meshed with the first bevel gear 3 is arranged beside the first bevel gear 3, the axis of the second bevel gear 25 is vertical, a hollow shaft 5 is fixedly connected above the second bevel gear 25, a connecting block 8 is arranged at the position of the hollow shaft 5 on the wheel carrier 24, a vertical hole is formed in the connecting block 8, the hollow shaft 5 penetrates through the vertical hole, the diameter of the part, below the connecting block 8, of the hollow shaft 5 is larger than that of the vertical hole of the connecting block 8, and the shaft shoulder of the hollow shaft 5 abuts against the bottom surface of the connecting block 8. The hollow shaft 5 is provided with a screw rod 11 above, a position of the vehicle body 1, which is positioned at the upper end of the screw rod 11, is provided with a limiting hole 15, the upper end 14 of the screw rod is positioned in the limiting hole 15, wherein the diameter of a section of the upper end 14 of the screw rod, which is positioned in the limiting hole 15, is larger than the diameter of the main body of the screw rod 11, the position of the lower end opening of the limiting hole 15 is provided with an inner flange, and the diameter of the inner flange part is smaller than the diameter of the upper end 14 of the screw. The axle center department of hollow shaft 5 be upper end open-ended vertical hole 6, the lower extreme of lead screw 11 is located hollow shaft vertical hole 6, the peripheral fixed vertical piece 9 that is equipped with a series of lead screw 11 lower extreme, hollow shaft 5 vertical hole periphery also is equipped with rather than the vertical groove 7 that suits, vertical piece 9 insert into vertical groove 7 in to when No. two bevel gear 25 is rotatory, can drive lead screw 11 rotatory through vertical groove 7 and vertical piece 9, and No. two bevel gear 25 can move from top to bottom for lead screw 11 simultaneously. The upper end of the ratchet bar 18 is provided with a horizontal hole, the horizontal rod 13 penetrates through the horizontal hole, the outer end of the horizontal rod 13 is provided with an arc-shaped block 12, the outer side surface of the arc-shaped block 12 is an arc-shaped surface matched with the lead screw 11, the arc-shaped surface is provided with a thread matched with the lead screw 11, and the lead screw 11 can drive the arc-shaped block 12 to move downwards when the lead screw 11 and the arc-shaped surface rotate in the rotating direction of the thread when the wheel 2 drives the lead screw 11 to rotate. The inner end of the horizontal rod 13 is provided with an inclined plane block 17, the diameter of the inclined plane block 17 is larger than that of the main body part of the horizontal rod 13, the horizontal rod 13 is sleeved with a third spring 16, two ends of the third spring 16 are respectively propped against the ratchet bar 18 and the inclined plane block 17, the inner side surface of the inclined plane block 17 is provided with an inclined plane which is matched with the outer side surface of the inclined plane at the upper end of the floater 22, as shown in fig. 3, the inclined plane of the inclined plane block 17 contacted with the floater 22 is in a series of small saw-toothed shapes, so that when the horizontal rod 13 generates horizontal acting force on the floater 22, the acting force can not cause the floater 22 to slide downwards.

When the transfer device is pushed, a part of vibration can be absorbed through the action of the first spring 10, so that the effect of shock absorption is achieved, and the transfer device is prevented from being bumpy and breaking down. When the transfer device is pushed on the inclined surface, liquid in the water tank 23 in the direction of one end above the slope flows into the water tank 23 in the direction of the lower side through a water pipe, the water level in the water tank 23 in the direction of the lower side rises, the floater 22 is jacked up upwards through buoyancy, the upper end of the floater 22 pushes the horizontal rod 13 to move horizontally towards the outer side, the arc surface of the arc block 12 is meshed with the lead screw 11, the wheel 2 rotates and drives the first bevel gear 3, the second bevel gear 25 and the lead screw 11 to rotate respectively through the wheel shaft 4, the arc block 12 is driven to move downwards through the lead screw 11, so that the ratchet bar 18 moves downwards, the ratchet bar 18 pushes the wheel frame 24 to move downwards through the first spring 10, and the wheel frame 24 pushes the wheel 2 to move downwards, so that the vehicle body 1 on the side; meanwhile, the water level in the water tank 23 in the upper side direction descends, the floater 22 descends along with the water level, the pawl 21 is pushed to move towards the inner side direction under the action of the inclined part at the upper end of the floater 22, so that the pawl 21 is separated from the ratchet bar 18, the ratchet bar 18 is pushed upwards under the action of the first spring 10, the wheel carrier 24 ascends along with the ratchet bar, the side vehicle body 1 correspondingly descends, the inclined vehicle body 1 is restored to be balanced, and the risk of inclination of the transfer device is avoided.

In embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the present embodiment is a wheelchair including a frame 26, wheels, and an adjustment mechanism assembly. The wheels include a front wheel and a rear wheel. The wheel shaft where the wheels are located is installed at the lower end of the adjusting mechanism assembly and is in rotatable connection.

The two adjusting mechanism assemblies are respectively positioned at two sides of the chair frame 26, the structure is improved on the basis of the embodiment 1, and the adjusting mechanism assembly comprises a horizontal frame 31, a chain wheel and a chain 29 which run forwards and backwards, in addition to the wheel frame 24, the ratchet bar 18, the water tank 23, the floater 22, the screw rod 11, the bevel gear and the spring in the embodiment 1.

In embodiment 2, the lower end of the wheel frame 24 is fixedly connected with the middle position of the horizontal frame 31, and the specific connection relationship between the wheel and the adjusting mechanism assembly is as follows: the front end and the rear end of the horizontal frame 31 are respectively connected with a front wheel and a rear wheel through wheel shafts, wherein the wheel shaft where the rear wheel is located is fixedly connected with a first chain wheel 28, the lower end of the wheel frame 24 is provided with a second chain wheel 30, and the first chain wheel 28 is connected with the second chain wheel 30 through a chain 29. The second chain wheel 30 is provided with a first bevel gear 3 which is fixedly connected with the second chain wheel and is coaxial. In this embodiment, the left and right water tanks 23 are communicated with each other through the water pipe 32, and other technical features of the adjustment mechanism assembly in this embodiment are the same as those in embodiment 1, which will not be described in detail again in this embodiment.

The disabled can move on a flat road surface by taking the wheelchair, but the disabled can incline along with the wheelchair when driving on a road surface with a slope, and particularly, the disabled is easy to fall down when taking the wheelchair alone. The wheelchair in the embodiment can automatically adjust balance, namely, the wheels 2 in the lower side direction can extend downwards to lift the side wheelchair, and the wheels 2 in the upper side direction can contract upwards to fall the side wheelchair, so that the two sides of the wheelchair can be kept horizontal, and the wheelchair is prevented from inclining and even falling down.

Example 3 is a device for transferring articles, such as laboratory samples, precision instruments or blood bags, which are feared to jolt in the hospital. Embodiment 3 includes a vehicle body 1, wheels 2, and an adjustment mechanism assembly, as shown in fig. 6 and 7. The wheel shaft where the wheels are located is installed at the lower end of the adjusting mechanism assembly and is in rotatable connection.

The adjusting mechanism assembly is improved on the basis of embodiment 1, and comprises a limiting block 35, a four-point spring 34 and an extending block 36 besides the wheel carrier 24, the ratchet bar 18, the water tank 23, the floater 22, the screw rod 11 and the bevel gear in embodiment 1. The specific connection relationship between the wheel 2 and the adjusting mechanism assembly is as follows: the wheel shaft 4 where the wheel 2 is arranged at the lower end of the wheel frame 24, and the wheel shaft 4 is rotatably connected with the wheel frame 24. The wheel carrier 24 is provided in plurality and vertically installed at the lower part of the vehicle body 1, and the technical features of the adjusting mechanism assembly in this embodiment are substantially the same as those of embodiment 1, wherein the same parts will not be described in detail hereinafter, and only the distinguishing technical features will be described hereinafter.

The inboard direction of float 22 be equipped with stopper 35, stopper 35 is vertical to be installed on automobile body 1, the top of stopper 35 is equipped with No. four spring 34, the upper end top of No. four spring 34 is on automobile body 1. The vehicle body 1 is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the limiting block 35, and the limiting block 35 is limited by the limiting mechanism to move only in the vertical direction. The limiting mechanism can be a structure surrounding the limiting block 35 to prevent the limiting block 35 from moving and rotating horizontally; the limiting mechanism can also be a guide rail along the vertical direction so as to limit the wheel frame 24 and the ratchet bar 18 to move only along the vertical direction; the limiting mechanism can also be other structures capable of realizing the function in the prior art.

In this embodiment, the limiting mechanism of the pawl 21 is the limiting block 35, the limiting block 35 is provided with a blind hole with an opening facing the direction of the ratchet bar 18, the rear end of the pawl 21 is located in the blind hole, the limiting block 35 is provided with two extending blocks 36 extending towards the direction of the ratchet bar 18, the two extending blocks 36 are respectively located at the front side and the rear side of the pawl 21, the extending blocks 36 are respectively provided with a limiting groove corresponding to the front side and the rear side of the pawl 21 in shape, the front side and the rear side of the pawl 21 are respectively located in the limiting grooves, and the pawl 21 is limited to move only in the horizontal direction under the combined action of the limiting grooves and the blind hole.

Can further slow down the vibration of automobile body 1 through the effect of No. four spring 34, can effectively reduce automobile body 1 when the uneven road surface of walking and jolt, prevent that experimental sample, precision instruments or blood bag etc. from leading to damaging because of jolting.

It should be noted that while the invention has been described in detail with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various obvious changes can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a medical shallow of preventing inclining, includes automobile body, wheel, its characterized in that: the device also comprises an adjusting mechanism assembly; the wheel shaft where the wheel is located is arranged at the lower end of the adjusting mechanism assembly and is in rotatable connection; the adjusting mechanism assembly comprises a wheel frame, a ratchet bar, a water tank, a floater, a screw rod, a first bevel gear, a second bevel gear and a limiting block; the wheel shaft where the wheel is arranged at the lower end of the wheel frame, and the wheel shaft and the wheel frame are in rotatable connection; the plurality of wheel carriers are vertically arranged at the lower part of the vehicle body, a ratchet bar is arranged above the wheel carriers, and a first spring is arranged between the wheel carriers and the ratchet bar; the vehicle body is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the motion of the wheel carrier and the ratchet bar, and the wheel carrier and the ratchet bar can only move along the up-down direction by the limiting mechanism; the inner side surface of the ratchet bar is provided with a ratchet, the upper tooth surface of the ratchet is horizontal, and the lower tooth surface of the ratchet is inclined along the direction from outside to inside; the inner side of the ratchet bar is provided with a horizontal pawl, and the outer side end of the pawl is in a ratchet shape matched with the ratchet bar; a vertical hole is arranged in the middle of the pawl; the inner side of the wheel carrier is provided with a water tank which is fixedly arranged on the vehicle body, a liquid medium is contained in the water tank, the water tanks are communicated through water pipes, a floater is arranged in the water tank, and the upper end of the floater extends out of an opening on the water tank; the float penetrates through a vertical hole in the middle of the pawl, wherein the width of the vertical hole along the inward and outward direction is larger than that of the float penetrating through the vertical hole part along the inward and outward direction, and the width difference of the two directions is larger than the height of the ratchet; the upper end of the floater inclines towards the center of the vehicle body; the wheel shaft on which the wheel is positioned is fixedly connected with a first bevel gear, the first bevel gear is coaxial with the wheel shaft, a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear is arranged beside the first bevel gear, the axis of the second bevel gear is vertical, a hollow shaft is fixedly connected above the second bevel gear, a connecting block is arranged at the position of the wheel carrier at the hollow shaft, a vertical hole is arranged on the connecting block, the hollow shaft penetrates through the vertical hole, the diameter of the part of the hollow shaft below the connecting block is larger than that of the vertical hole of the connecting block, and the shaft shoulder of the hollow shaft abuts against the bottom surface of the connecting block; a lead screw is arranged above the hollow shaft, a position, positioned at the upper end of the lead screw, on the vehicle body is provided with a limiting hole, the upper end of the lead screw is positioned in the limiting hole, the diameter of a section, positioned in the limiting hole, of the upper end of the lead screw is larger than the diameter of the lead screw main body, an inner flange is arranged at the position, opened at the lower end of the limiting hole, of the upper end of the lead screw, and the diameter of; the axis of the hollow shaft is provided with a vertical hole with an opening at the upper end, the lower end of the screw rod is positioned in the vertical hole of the hollow shaft, the periphery of the lower end of the screw rod is fixedly provided with a series of vertical sheets, the periphery of the vertical hole of the hollow shaft is also provided with a vertical groove matched with the vertical sheet, and the vertical sheet is inserted into the vertical groove; the upper end of the ratchet bar is provided with a horizontal hole, the horizontal hole penetrates through the horizontal rod, the outer end of the horizontal rod is provided with an arc-shaped block, the outer side surface of the arc-shaped block is an arc-shaped surface matched with the lead screw, the arc-shaped surface is provided with threads matched with the lead screw, the wheel rotates to drive the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the lead screw to rotate respectively and sequentially through the wheel shaft, and the arc-shaped block moves downwards through the lead screw; the inner end of the horizontal rod is provided with an inclined plane block, the diameter of the inclined plane block is larger than that of the main body part of the horizontal rod, the horizontal rod is sleeved with a third spring, two ends of the third spring are respectively propped against the ratchet bar and the inclined plane block, the inner side surface of the inclined plane block is provided with an inclined plane matched with the outer side surface of the inclined part at the upper end of the floater, and the inclined plane of the inclined plane block, which is contacted with the floater, is in a series of small saw-toothed shapes; a limiting block is arranged in the inner side direction of the floater, the limiting block is vertically arranged on the vehicle body, a fourth spring is arranged above the limiting block, and the upper end of the fourth spring is propped against the vehicle body; the vehicle body is provided with a limiting mechanism for limiting the limiting block, and the limiting block can only move in the up-and-down direction through the limiting mechanism; the limiting block is provided with a blind hole with an opening facing to the direction of the ratchet strip, the inner end of the pawl is positioned in the blind hole, the inner side end of the pawl is provided with a second spring, the inner side end of the second spring abuts against the bottom of the blind hole, the limiting block is provided with two extending blocks extending towards the direction of the ratchet strip, the two extending blocks are respectively positioned at the front side and the rear side of the pawl, the positions, close to the pawl, of the extending blocks are respectively provided with a limiting groove matched with the front side and the rear side of the pawl in shape, the front side and the rear side of the pawl are respectively positioned in the limiting grooves, and the pawl is limited to move only in the.