CN109164072A - 新型溶解性可调的荧光硅量子点、合成及检测汞离子的应用 - Google Patents

新型溶解性可调的荧光硅量子点、合成及检测汞离子的应用 Download PDF

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CN109164072A
CN109164072A CN201810893234.1A CN201810893234A CN109164072A CN 109164072 A CN109164072 A CN 109164072A CN 201810893234 A CN201810893234 A CN 201810893234A CN 109164072 A CN109164072 A CN 109164072A
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quantum dot
silicon quantum
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魏芸
李權
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
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    • G01N21/6428Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6428Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
    • G01N2021/6432Quenching

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种新型荧光硅量子点材料及其制备方法和应用。本发明用氯化1‑三甲氧硅丙基‑3‑甲基咪唑离子液体为硅源,柠檬酸钠为还原剂,通过溶剂热法成功合成了咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点。本发明的荧光硅量子点具有很好的耐pH和盐稳定性,重金属汞离子能与硅量子点发生相互作用导致荧光强度的显著下降。基于汞离子对硅量子点荧光猝灭行为,建立了测定汞离子的方法。而且,由于离子液体修饰的硅量子点的特性,通过改变阴离子的极性,可以实现硅量子的水相和油相之间的简便转化。

Description

新型溶解性可调的荧光硅量子点、合成及检测汞离子的应用
技术领域
本发明属于荧光材料技术领域,具体是咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
硅量子点因特殊的光电性能、优良的生物相容性和卓越的稳定性, 替代了传统有机染料,应用于荧光探针、生物成像和医疗诊断等领域。目前,硅量子点主要合成方法包括电化学刻蚀法、微乳液法、微波辅助合成法。如Heinrich L H 等在Science, 1992年第255卷第66-68页; Shiohara A 等在Journal of the American Chemical Society,2010年第132卷248-253页;Zhong Y L 等在angewandte chemie-international edition,2012年第51卷第8485-8489页所发表的论文。荧光硅量子点在对金属离子、小分子等荧光传感的研究方面,材料可以较为方便、快捷的对环境分子进行检测,如 Meng L等在AnalyticalMethods, 2017年第9卷第2553–2560页;Zhang X D等在Analytical chemistry, 2015年第87卷第3360-3365页;Han Y X等在Analytical chemistry,2017年第89卷第3001-3008页所发表的论文报道了荧光硅量子点的荧光传感性质。。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种新型溶解性可调硅量子点荧光材料及其制备方法和应用。本发明是利用溶剂热法一步合成咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料,具有反应时间短、操作简单等特点。本发明合成的咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点荧光材料具有规整的球形外貌,尺寸约为3-4 nm。本发明的咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点荧光材料对重金属汞离子具有较好的荧光响应,响应时间短、检测极限低、选择性强,可作为荧光探针,应用于对水环境中重金属汞污染物检测。
咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料是利用溶剂热法一步制得,具体为:氯化1-三甲氧硅丙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体为硅源,柠檬酸钠为还原剂,通过溶剂热法成功合成了尺寸为3-4nm左右咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料。
本发明的咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料的最大发射波长在440nm左右,可以作为荧光探针,应用于对环境中低浓度的重金属离子检测。
本发明的咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料由于表面功能化咪唑离子液体,可以通过改变阴离子种类,实现硅量子点水相和油相之间轻松简便转化。
附图说明
图1是溶剂热法合成的IL@SiNPs的透射电镜照片。
图2是IL@SiNPs的红外光谱以及X射线光电子能谱分析图。
图3 是IL@SiNPs的紫外吸收、荧光激发以及发射图。
图4是pH, 盐浓度对IL@SiNPs荧光强度改变。
图5是IL@SiNPs对多种重金属离子荧光选择性响应。
图6是IL@SiNPs对Hg2+的荧光响应。
图7是IL@SiNPs两相转化。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明的内容,下面结合具体实施方法对本发明内容作进一步的说明,但本发明的保护内容不局限于以下实施例。
实施例1
咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料的制备:
将500mg柠檬酸钠溶于10ml去离子水中,然后加入1g氯化1-三甲氧硅丙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体,超声溶解10min,然后转移25ml聚四氟乙烯反应釜中,200℃反应6h。冷却至室温,用 1 kDa 透析袋透析除去固体杂质得到硅量子点。将硅量子点于 4℃ 储存,待用。
实施例2~实施例5的实验步骤与实施例1相同,不同之处仅在于反应时间不同,实施例2的反应时间是5h,实施例3的反应时间是5.5h,实施例4的反应时间是6.5h,实施例5的反应时间是7h。
图1是实施例1合成的咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料的透射电镜(TEM)图,从图中可以清晰的看到硅量子点的尺寸在3~4 nm之间,呈球状,单分散性良好。
图2 (a) 是实施例1是咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料的红外光谱图,图2 (b)是咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料的X射线光电子能谱分析图。表明硅量子点表面的确功能化咪唑离子液体。
图3是实施例1 IL@SiNPs的紫外吸收、荧光激发以及发射图,图中可以看出IL@SiNPs最大紫外吸收在330nm左右,最大激发波长为350nm,最大发射波长为440nm左右。
实施例6
咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料对pH,盐浓度响应性能。
取100μL上述实施例1制备的IL@SiNPs加入900μL不同pH的缓冲盐溶液中以及不同盐浓度的NaCl水溶液中。置于比色皿中进行荧光分析。从图4(a)中可看出在pH 4-13, IL@SiNPs的荧光强度几乎不变,pH 小于4,荧光强度急剧下降,这是由于IL@SiNPs表面离子质子化导致。从图4(b)中可以看出盐浓度对IL@SiNPs改变很弱,表明IL@SiNPs具有很好的稳定性,可以用于实践分析应用。
实施例7
咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料对多种重金属离子荧光选择性响应。
取100μL上述实施例1制备的IL@SiNPs加入900μL不同种类重金属溶液中。金属离子最终浓度均为1× 10-4 mol/L,置于比色皿中进行荧光分析。从图5可以看出IL@SiNPs对Hg2+有较好的选择性,其他金属离子的进入几乎对IL@SiNPs的荧光强度没有改变。
考察IL@SiNPs对重金属离子Hg2+的荧光传感性能,从图6中可以发现随着溶液中Hg2+的浓度的不断增加,IL@SiNPs荧光强度急剧下降。由于Hg2+与IL@SiNPs表面的咪唑配位,导致IL@SiNPs的光电子转移,变现为荧光淬灭。实验表明,Hg2+的检测浓度为0~4× 10-5mol/L。从以上的实验可以看出,IL@SiNPs荧光材料对溶液中的Hg2具有荧光传感性能,可以实现对溶液中低浓度的Hg2+进行方便、快捷的检测。
实施例8
咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点IL@SiNPs两相转化。
取2mL上述实施例1或实施例2-5制备的IL@SiNPs,然后加入2mL乙酸乙酯,充分震荡后静止分层,上层为无色乙酸乙酯,下相为黄色IL@SiNPs水溶液,然后不断加入LiNTf2,边加边震荡,直至IL@SiNPs转移到上相乙酸乙酯中。
从图7中可以看出,未加入LiNTf2之前,IL@SiNPs主要分布在下相水溶液中,在365nm紫外灯照射下,下相发出蓝色荧光,加入LiNTf2后,IL@SiNPs转移到上相乙酸乙酯相中,在365nm紫外灯照射下,上相发出蓝色荧光。这是由于加入LiNTf2,IL@SiNPs表面阴离子Cl-转化为NTf2 -,极性改变。
以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明新型溶解性可调的荧光硅量子点材料、制备、应用及其核心思想。应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰,这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (5)

1.咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点,其特征在于:硅量子点具有纳米结构,尺寸为3nm左右,硅量子点表面功能化咪唑离子液体。
2.如权利要求1所述的咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点材料的合成,其特征在于:利用氯化1-三甲氧硅丙基-3-甲基咪唑离子液体为硅源,柠檬酸钠为还原剂,通过溶剂热法成功一步合成了咪唑离子液体功能化的硅量子点荧光材料。
3.如权利要求1所述的咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点材料的应用,其特征在于:作为荧光传感材料,应用于对低浓度重金属离子进行荧光检测。
4.如权利要求3所述的咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点材料的应用,其特征在于能够高选择性、高灵敏度的检测重金属汞离子,并用于实际水环境中的汞检测。
5.如权利要求1所述的咪唑离子液体功能化的荧光硅量子点材料的应用,其特征在于:通过改变硅量子点表面的阴离子种类,从而改变硅量子的溶解性,实现水相和油相之间的简便转化。
CN201810893234.1A 2018-08-07 2018-08-07 新型溶解性可调的荧光硅量子点、合成及检测汞离子的应用 Pending CN109164072A (zh)

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