CN109163976A - Scaffold safe condition mechanical test method - Google Patents

Scaffold safe condition mechanical test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109163976A
CN109163976A CN201810959165.XA CN201810959165A CN109163976A CN 109163976 A CN109163976 A CN 109163976A CN 201810959165 A CN201810959165 A CN 201810959165A CN 109163976 A CN109163976 A CN 109163976A
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China
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load
safe condition
scaffold
horizontal rod
test method
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CN109163976B (en
Inventor
黄小芳
周荣华
谢谟文
熊劲松
林磊
张真雄
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Shenzhen Municipal Group Co ltd
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Henzhen Municipal Engineering Corp
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M5/00Investigating the elasticity of structures, e.g. deflection of bridges or air-craft wings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00Testing of machine parts

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of scaffold safe condition mechanical test methods, comprising the following steps: 1), carries out building for test model, and dispose gasket type pressure sensor, external static strain testing acquisition instrument at the bolt of fastener;2) screw-down torque, is adjusted using torque spanner, and applies pressure step by step using press machine within the scope of load p, and observe acquisition data cases;3), off-load, and the screw-down torque at fastener is adjusted separately into other torques, it repeats to test.The present invention presses step by step by adjusting screw-down torque and press machine, pressure information is acquired by the bolt placement gasket type pressure sensor of fastener, to obtain the experimental result of scaffold safe condition mechanical property, the security performance for the scaffold of construction work provides directive function.

Description

Scaffold safe condition mechanical test method
Technical field
The present invention relates to scaffold mechanics performance testing technology field more particularly to scaffold safe condition mechanical properties Test method.
Background technique
National economy high speed development at present, as the development of construction industry and infrastructure scale expands, scaffold is applied Work safety also becomes emphasis concerned by people.In recent years, apparent rise is presented in fastener type steel pipe scaffold collapse accident in China's Trend.
In response to this, mechanics is carried out in the secure state for design of coupler scaffold sleeve couple or right-angle coupler Experiment is just necessary, using existing steel pipe scaffold material characteristics and the technical requirements set up, in combination with the reality in laboratory Test condition, the material property of contacting piece formula steel pipe scaffold steel pipe and fastener has carried out the experimental study of system.
It is quasi- to reach following purpose by the experimental study of contacting piece formula steel pipe scaffold steel pipe and fastener mechanical property: (1) influence by experiment to scaffold lapping mode to scaffold bearing capacity is analyzed;(2) determine fastener node not With the mechanical characteristics under screw-down torque.It is adjusted for experimental result, to reduce fastener type steel pipe scaffold collapse accident Generation, improve the safety of construction.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide scaffold safe condition mechanical test methods, it is intended to solve the prior art Middle fastener type steel pipe scaffold in the secure state, carry out mechanical property test the problem of.
Scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to an embodiment of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
1) building for test model, is carried out, and disposes gasket type pressure sensor at the bolt of fastener, it is external quiet State strain testing acquisition instrument;
2) screw-down torque, is adjusted using torque spanner, and applies pressure step by step using press machine within the scope of load p, and Observation acquisition data cases;
3), off-load, and the screw-down torque at fastener is adjusted separately into other torques, it repeats to test.
Further, the test model includes sleeve couple pure bending effect experimental model, right-angle coupler vertical load Act on experimental model, docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model.
Further, the sleeve couple pure bending effect experimental model includes press machine, force seat and one group of use pair The longitudinal horizontal rod of clasp connection, the top that the force seat is located at longitudinal horizontal rod pass through press machine to the group longitudinal direction water Flat bar applies pressure.
Further, the force seat includes pedestal and the pressure plare for being installed in parallel in pedestal two sides of the bottom, the pressure Plate is mutually perpendicular to longitudinal horizontal rod, and the sleeve couple is located at the middle position of the pressure plare of pedestal two sides of the bottom, the pressure The output end of power machine is located at the surface of pedestal.
Further, the right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model includes by upright bar, longitudinal horizontal rod, transverse direction Rectangular frame that horizon bar and right-angle coupler are built, be installed in parallel in rectangular frame top one group of force rod piece and Press machine, the point of application of the press machine are located at the middle part of force rod piece.
Further, the force rod piece is parallel with longitudinal horizontal rod, and the right-angle coupler is mounted on upright bar, Zong Xiangshui The button junction that flat bar, three bar of horizontal rod abut.
Further, the docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model includes by upright bar, using to buckle Part connection longitudinal horizontal rod, horizontal rod and right-angle coupler build rectangular frame, be installed in parallel in rectangular frame Top one group of force rod piece and press machine, the point of application of the press machine is located at the middle part of force rod piece.
Further, the adjustable range of the screw-down torque is 20-50N.m.
Further, the load p value range of the sleeve couple pure bending effect experimental model is 0-5KN, the right angle The load p value range of fastener vertical uniform load q experimental model is 0-20KN, the docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q The load p value range of experimental model is 0-6KN.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: it is tried using the scaffold safe condition mechanical property Proved recipe method, by build sleeve couple pure bending act on experimental model, right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model, docking/ Right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model is tested, and is pressed step by step by adjusting screw-down torque and press machine, by fastener Bolt at placement gasket type pressure sensor acquire pressure information, to obtain the reality of scaffold safe condition mechanical property It tests as a result, the security performance for the scaffold of construction work provides directive function.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of scaffold safe condition mechanical test method proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic perspective view of scaffold safe condition mechanical test method proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the laboratory model construction schematic diagram of scaffold safe condition mechanical test method proposed by the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the loading curve under different operating conditions of sleeve couple one in sleeve couple pure bending effect experiment;
Fig. 5 is the loading curve under different operating conditions of sleeve couple two in sleeve couple pure bending effect experiment;
Fig. 6 is that the No.1 sensor of right-angle coupler in the experiment of right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q loads under different operating conditions Curve;
Fig. 7 is that No. two sensors of right-angle coupler in the experiment of right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q load under different operating conditions Curve;
Fig. 8 is the loading curve under different operating conditions of sleeve couple three in docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experiment;
Fig. 9 is the loading curve under different operating conditions of sleeve couple four in docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experiment.
In figure: 1- sleeve couple one, 2- sleeve couple two, 3- right-angle coupler, 4- sleeve couple three, 5- sleeve couple four, No. bis- 6- No.1 sensor, 7- sensors.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", " length ", " width Degree ", " thickness ", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom" "inner", "outside", The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " clockwise ", " counterclockwise ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " is based on shown in attached drawing Orientation or positional relationship, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device of indication or suggestion meaning Or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as to limit of the invention System.
The scaffold safe condition mechanical test method, comprising the following steps:
1) building for test model, is carried out, and disposes gasket type pressure sensor at the bolt of fastener, it is external quiet State strain testing acquisition instrument;
2) screw-down torque, is adjusted using torque spanner, and applies pressure step by step using press machine within the scope of load p, and Observation acquisition data cases;
3), off-load, and the screw-down torque at fastener is adjusted separately into other torques, it repeats to test.
Test model include sleeve couple pure bending effect experimental model, right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model, Docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model.Experiment has carried out 3 groups altogether, and when experiment uses identical steel pipe, different to detain Part, contacting piece screw-down torque be 20,30,40, four kinds of situations of 50N.m be monitored, adequately reflect construction site Actual conditions, steel pipe and fastener used in the present embodiment test model are old steel pipe and fastener in the use of construction site, existing It randomly selects field.The influence test material requested and fastener of the test of its single pole stability bearing capacity and overlapping mode to bearing capacity are equal It is provided by the construction site, fastener experiment is carried out in University of Science & Technology, Beijing's structural experiment room.
In the present embodiment, according to " construction scaffold safe practice unified standard " GB51210-2016, outer diameter of steel pipes 48.3mm, tolerance ± 0.5mm;Wall thickness 3.6mm, tolerance ± 0.36mm.It is construction field that this, which tests steel pipe used, Old steel pipe in ground use, thickest 3.7mm, minimum wall thickness (MINI W.) 3.35mm, maximum outer diameter of steel pipes are 48.55mm, most Small outer diameter of steel pipes is 48.2mm, meets code requirement.
It tests fastener used and equally derives from construction site, it is related that fastener quality should meet " steel tube scaffold clasp " etc. It is required that fastener should not have phenomena such as bolt stripped thread, loosen, fastener surface without get rusty, free from flaw, this fastener is divided into right angle button Part and sleeve couple, right-angle coupler are used for the connection (horizon bar is connect with upright bar) between square crossing rod piece, sleeve couple Connection between cross bar and cross bar.Test fastener should be gone through when marching into the arena, it is ensured that the quality and size of fastener conform to It asks.
Test model is set up by construction personnel, is partially set up by lab assistant, and the deviation set up is controlled by range estimation, is hung down Straight deviation is calibrated by plumb bob, and fastener screw-down torque is controlled with torque spanner.Rod piece experiment loading unit is mainly hydraulic jack Top, fastener are controlled by pressure sensor loads change situation.
Referring to Fig.1, sleeve couple pure bending effect experimental model includes press machine (unlabeled in figure), force seat (in figure It is unlabeled) longitudinal horizontal rod that connect with one group using sleeve couple, in one group of longitudinal horizontal rod connected using sleeve couple It is respectively equipped with sleeve couple 1, sleeve couple 22, uses the length of the longitudinal horizontal rod of sleeve couple connection for 2200mm, The top that force seat is located at longitudinal horizontal rod applies pressure to this group of longitudinal horizontal rod by press machine, and force seat includes pedestal With the pressure plare for being installed in parallel in pedestal two sides of the bottom, length of the pressure at both sides plate apart from longitudinal horizontal rod endpoint is 800mm, Pressure plare is mutually perpendicular to longitudinal horizontal rod, and sleeve couple is located at the middle position of the pressure plare of pedestal two sides of the bottom, press machine Output end be located at the surface of pedestal.
Referring to Fig. 2, right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model includes by upright bar, longitudinal horizontal rod, horizontal rod The rectangular frame that is built with right-angle coupler 3, be installed in parallel in rectangular frame top one group of force rod piece and pressure Machine, the length of longitudinal horizontal rod is 850mm, width 900mm, and right-angle coupler 3 is equipped with No.1 sensor 6 and No. two sensings Device 7, the point of application of press machine are located at the middle part of force rod piece, and force rod piece is parallel with longitudinal horizontal rod, and right-angle coupler 3 is installed In the button junction that upright bar, longitudinal horizontal rod, three bar of horizontal rod abut.
Referring to Fig. 3, docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model includes by upright bar, one group using sleeve couple 34, sleeve couple 45 connects longitudinal horizontal rod, horizontal rod and rectangular frame that right-angle coupler is built, parallel It is mounted on one group of force rod piece and press machine at the top of rectangular frame, the length of this rectangular frame is 2700mm, and width is 900mm, the point of application of press machine are located at the middle part of force rod piece, and sleeve couple 34, sleeve couple 45 are located at a stress point left side At the 200mm of side.
Pressure sensor is disposed in fixed-node, mounting means is the placement sensor at fastening bolt.Fastener is pressed respectively Screw-down torque is 20,30,40,50N.m to be fastened, and pressure sensor obtains initial pressure value, and carries out 4 times respectively not With experiment, compare and analyze.Experimentation is to be further applied load step by step p with press machine, is obtained in the case where load p is acted on, sensor Pressure value, to obtain fastener in the case where different screw-down torques, compression when by external load fastens situation.
The different tests scheme range that be further applied load see the table below.
The adjustable range of screw-down torque is 20-50N.m, and sleeve couple pure bending acts on the load p value range of experimental model It is 0-5KN, the load p value range of right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model is 0-20KN, and docking/right-angle coupler is vertical The load p value range of load action experimental model is 0-6KN.This test substep carries out, and the first step carries out test model It builds, and disposes gasket type pressure sensor, external static strain testing acquisition instrument at the bolt of fastener;Second Step is 20N.m using torque spanner adjustment screw-down torque, and apply pressure step by step using press machine within the scope of load p, and Observation acquisition data cases;Third step, off-load, and the screw-down torque at fastener is adjusted separately to 30,40N.m, it repeats to try It tests.
(1) sleeve couple pure bending Experiment on Function process and interpretation of result:
Respectively under conditions of 20N.m, 30N.m, 40N.m, 50N.m, pressure value is applied to the structure built, with Apparent bending phenomenon is presented in the increase of pressure value p, node point connection.
It can be seen that under sleeve couple pure bending load action according to Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, have not under different screw-down torques With inflection point, the loading curve of sleeve couple 22 is more intuitive in Fig. 4, is loaded into 0.5KN or so, inflection point is reached, with retreading Rate linearly increases.This explanation is lower in stress initial stage structures with semi-rigid joints rigidity, and torque spanner reaches defined screwing force There are the states of off-load after square value, with continuing for load, are pushed against at node, are increased rapidly at node by pressure value.
Meanwhile screw-down torque is smaller, as vertical load increases, slope increase it is faster, it is more early to reach bending state, and Initial screw-down torque is bigger, and inflection point more moves back, and the unloading condition duration is long.
(2) right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q test process and interpretation of result:
Respectively under conditions of 20N.m, 30N.m, 40N.m, 50N.m, pressure value is applied to the structure built, with The increase of pressure value p, when outer load is loaded into 15KN, deflection deformation has occurred for rod piece cross bar.
According to Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, for right-angle coupler in external load loading procedure, the variation of fastener pressure value is smaller, wherein As shown in fig. 7, outer load is loaded into 15KN, and when forming inflection point, deflection deformation has occurred for rod piece cross bar under 20N.m effect.Directly In entire loading procedure relaxation, especially 20N.m occur for angle fastener, under the initial screw-down torque effect of 30N.m, phenomenon It is more obvious.
(3) docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q test process and interpretation of result:
In the experimental program, under Concentrated load, after the power as suffered by right-angle coupler is transmitted to sleeve couple, root According to Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, fastener pressure value is almost unchanged.Under comparing, the deflection deformation of rod piece is bigger.
Summarize: scaffold is a kind of statically indeterminate structure, and during military service, integral frame structure is in stable state (stress/change in displacement is small), stress/displacement will not change or occur the variation of very little, this when external disturbance is excessive Structure can generate mutation (change in displacement is big).
(1) in above-mentioned each experimental program, wherein under sleeve couple pure bending load action, screw-down torque is smaller, with Vertical load increases, and slope increases faster.And compared to right-angle coupler, the direct load of sleeve couple is acted on, scaffold knot Structure is easier to be destroyed.
(2) by right-angle coupler stress when, pressure change is smaller, likewise, being transmitted to by right-angle coupler stress to buckle The pressure value of part, sleeve couple is almost unchanged.
In conclusion the variation of sleeve couple is bigger for entire effect during scaffold static loading, also with The security relationship of engineering is closer.
Using the scaffold safe condition mechanical test method, by building sleeve couple pure bending effect experiment Model, right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model, docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model are tested, It presses step by step by adjusting screw-down torque and press machine, pressure is acquired by the bolt placement gasket type pressure sensor of fastener Information is the security performance of the scaffold of construction work to obtain the experimental result of scaffold safe condition mechanical property Directive function is provided.
It although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with A variety of variations, modification, replacement can be carried out to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention by understanding And modification, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended.

Claims (9)

1. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method, which comprises the following steps:
1) building for test model, is carried out, and disposes gasket type pressure sensor, external static strain at the bolt of fastener Test acquisition instrument;
2) screw-down torque, is adjusted using torque spanner, and applies pressure step by step using press machine within the scope of load p, and observe Acquire data cases;
3), off-load, and the screw-down torque at fastener is adjusted separately into other torques, it repeats to test.
2. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the test mould Type includes that sleeve couple pure bending effect experimental model, right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model, docking/right-angle coupler are perpendicular To load action experimental model.
3. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described to buckle Part pure bending effect experimental model includes press machine, exert a force seat and one group of longitudinal horizontal rod using sleeve couple connection, described The top that force seat is located at longitudinal horizontal rod applies pressure to this group of longitudinal horizontal rod by press machine.
4. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the force seat Including pedestal and the pressure plare for being installed in parallel in pedestal two sides of the bottom, the pressure plare is mutually perpendicular to longitudinal horizontal rod, described Sleeve couple is located at the middle position of the pressure plare of pedestal two sides of the bottom, the output end of the press machine be located at pedestal just on Side.
5. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the right angle button Part vertical uniform load q experimental model includes the square built by upright bar, longitudinal horizontal rod, horizontal rod and right-angle coupler Shape frame, be installed in parallel in rectangular frame top one group of force rod piece and press machine, the point of application of the press machine be located at The middle part of force rod piece.
6. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the force application rod Part is parallel with longitudinal horizontal rod, the snapping that the right-angle coupler is mounted on upright bar, longitudinal horizontal rod, three bar of horizontal rod abut At point.
7. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the docking/ Right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model includes by upright bar, using the longitudinal horizontal rod, transversely and horizontally of sleeve couple connection Rectangular frame that bar and right-angle coupler are built, be installed in parallel in rectangular frame top one group of force rod piece and pressure Machine, the point of application of the press machine are located at the middle part of force rod piece.
8. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the screwing force The adjustable range of square is 20-50N.m.
9. scaffold safe condition mechanical test method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to buckle The load p value range that part pure bending acts on experimental model is 0-5KN, the lotus of the right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model Carrying p value range is 0-20KN, and the docking/right-angle coupler vertical uniform load q experimental model load p value range is 0-6KN.
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CN109974998A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-05 北京工业大学 A kind of lower full hall scaffold stability testing method of right-angle coupler failure
CN113176086A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-07-27 国家电网有限公司 Electric insulation scaffold testing device and testing method thereof
CN118500481A (en) * 2024-07-16 2024-08-16 广东科信通实业有限公司 Anti-falling alarm system for high-altitude operation

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CN109974998A (en) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-05 北京工业大学 A kind of lower full hall scaffold stability testing method of right-angle coupler failure
CN113176086A (en) * 2021-05-11 2021-07-27 国家电网有限公司 Electric insulation scaffold testing device and testing method thereof
CN113176086B (en) * 2021-05-11 2022-09-20 国家电网有限公司 Electric insulation scaffold testing device and testing method thereof
CN118500481A (en) * 2024-07-16 2024-08-16 广东科信通实业有限公司 Anti-falling alarm system for high-altitude operation
CN118500481B (en) * 2024-07-16 2024-09-17 广东科信通实业有限公司 Anti-falling alarm system for high-altitude operation

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