CN109163827A - A kind of preparation method of pressure sensor - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of pressure sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109163827A
CN109163827A CN201810816765.0A CN201810816765A CN109163827A CN 109163827 A CN109163827 A CN 109163827A CN 201810816765 A CN201810816765 A CN 201810816765A CN 109163827 A CN109163827 A CN 109163827A
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pressure sensor
thermoplastic polyurethane
nano
preparation
solution
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CN109163827B (en
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朱玲
刘向辉
吴懿平
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Shenzhen University
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Shenzhen University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/83Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with metals; with metal-generating compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls; Reduction of metal compounds on textiles
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/16Synthetic fibres, other than mineral fibres
    • D06M2101/30Synthetic polymers consisting of macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M2101/38Polyurethanes

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of preparation method of pressure sensor, comprising steps of ethylene glycol and polyvinyl pyrrole silver nitrate are passed through reduction method for preparing nanometer silver wire;Prepare thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film;Nano-silver thread is transferred on thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film to form composite membrane;The gap that dimethyl silicone polymer solution is penetrated to thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film, is diffused in the surface of the composite membrane, and nano-silver thread is coated on intermediate pressure sensor by dimethyl silicone polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film to be formed by hot setting.Caducous nano-silver thread is coated on centre using sandwich by pressure sensor prepared by the present invention, it not only can be preferably by nano-silver thread and air insulated, nano-silver thread can be also transferred on the thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film with stronger adhesion, to solve, nano-silver thread is oxidizable, stability is poor, caducous disadvantage, so that pressure sensor prepared by the present invention is not oxidizable, stability is more preferable.

Description

A kind of preparation method of pressure sensor
Technical field
The present invention relates to art of pressure sensors, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of pressure sensor.
Background technique
Pressure sensor based on nano-silver thread (AgNWs) is in electronic skin, intelligent textile and monitoring structural health conditions etc. Aspect has a wide range of applications, however, the oxidation of nano-silver thread annoyings always people, and limits these sensors It uses.Cause nano-silver thread using the main the reason is that its stability is poor of limitation, is oxidized easily, thus in use Affect the performance of equipment.
On the one hand, complex situations of the pressure sensor of the prior art due to needing to handle various modifications, so that protecting Sheath is easy to fall off, to lose the protection to nano-silver thread.However, due to losing the protection to nano-silver thread, nanometer Silver wire is easily oxidized.On the other hand, the pressure sensor of the prior art, as shown in Figure 1, nano-silver thread only sticks polymer Material surface, since the stickiness between nano-silver thread and polymer material is poor so that the sensitivity of pressure sensor and Sensing scope is poor, and then is unable to satisfy actual use demand.
Summary of the invention
The present invention in order to solve the above problems existing in the present technology, provides a kind of preparation method of pressure sensor, It is easy to fall off with solving the protective layer of existing pressure sensor, to lose the protection to nano-silver thread, leads to nano-silver thread The technical problems such as it is easily oxidized.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of preparation methods of pressure sensor, comprising the following steps:
S1, ethylene glycol and polyvinyl pyrrole silver nitrate are passed through into reduction method for preparing nanometer silver wire;
S2, thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film is prepared;
S3, nano-silver thread is transferred on thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film to form composite membrane;
S4, the gap that dimethyl silicone polymer solution is penetrated to thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film, are diffused in the composite membrane Surface, hot setting, in being formed by dimethyl silicone polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film and to be coated on nano-silver thread Between pressure sensor.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, in the step S1, by ethylene glycol and polyvinyl pyrrole nitric acid Silver by the method for reduction method for preparing nanometer silver wire specifically includes the following steps:
By 20 milliliters of ethylene glycol, 0.204 gram of silver nitrate and the polyvinyl pyrrole of 0.3996g be added in container simultaneously Mixed solution is formed;
Above-mentioned mixed solution is stirred 1 hour in the environment of dull thread, so that silver nitrate is completely molten with polyvinyl pyrrole Solution, and 10 microlitres of sodium chloride are added in solution after complete dissolution, it is again stirring for 10 minutes;
The solution of above-mentioned addition sodium chloride is placed in the oil bath under vacuum environment, and controls temperature and heats 30 at 170 DEG C Minute, so that solution is cooled to room temperature in air, and enough acetone is added in the solution;
The solution that enough acetone is added is centrifuged 10 minutes with 5000 revs/min of speed, is cleaned three times with ethyl alcohol to remove Excessive polyvinylpyrrolidone ethylene glycol is removed, to obtain the nano-silver thread for being dispersed with 4.0 milligrams in every milliliter of ethyl alcohol.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, in the step S2, thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film is prepared Method specifically includes the following steps:
The thermoplastic polyurethane that mass fraction is 25% is added in the mixture of dinethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran Elastomer, to obtain thermoplastic polyurethane solution, and the volume ratio of the mixture and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is 1: 1;
Thermoplastic polyurethane solution is added in the plastic injector with metallic nozzle, the gold of the plastic injector The cylindrical body for belonging to the rotation of nozzle and plastic injector is respectively used as an electrode, and the distance between two electrodes are 12 centimetres;
Thermoplastic polyurethane solution is injected by aluminium using 21 kilovolts of high tension voltage on two electrodes of plastic injector Foil, to obtain thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film.
It is adopted as present invention further optimization technical solution when plastic injector injects thermoplastic polyurethane solution Injected simultaneously with two plastic injectors, total extruded velocities of two plastic injectors be 12 milliliters per hour.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, when plastic injector injects thermoplastic polyurethane solution, aluminium Foil is placed in electrostatic spinning case, and the environment temperature of the electrostatic spinning case is 25 degrees Celsius, relative humidity 64%.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, in the step S3, nano-silver thread is transferred to thermoplastic poly It is specifically included on urethane electrospinning film in the method for forming composite membrane:
The ethyl alcohol that every 5 milliliters are dispersed with nano-silver thread is equably dropped in the thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film of 5*5cm ∧ 2 On, and ethyl alcohol has been filtered in the gap and hole of thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film, and in thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film surface Nano-silver thread is isolated, the composite membrane of 3 × 1cm ∧ 2 has been formed.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, wrapped after the step S3 and before the step S4 Include following steps:
The both ends of composite membrane are clung using silver paste.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, in the step S4, the dimethyl silicone polymer solution is adopted With 500 turns of VELOCITY DIFFUSION per minute on the surface of composite membrane.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, the composite membrane for being diffused with dimethyl silicone polymer is solid at 80 DEG C Change 1 hour to obtain pressure sensor.
As present invention further optimization technical solution, the content of nano-silver thread is 2.4 millis in each pressure sensor Gram.
The preparation method of pressure sensor of the invention can achieve it is following the utility model has the advantages that
The preparation method of pressure sensor of the invention, by the following steps are included: S1, by ethylene glycol and polyvinyl pyrrole Silver nitrate passes through reduction method for preparing nanometer silver wire;S2, thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film is prepared;S3, nano-silver thread is transferred to heat To form composite membrane on plastic polyurethane electrospinning film;S4, dimethyl silicone polymer solution is penetrated into thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film Gap, be diffused in the surface of the composite membrane, hot setting, to be formed by dimethyl silicone polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane electricity It spins film and nano-silver thread is coated on to intermediate pressure sensor, so that pressure sensor prepared by the present invention has sandwich, So as to preferably from air insulated nano-silver thread, and nano-silver thread is transferred to the thermoplastic polyurethane with stronger adhesion On electrospinning film, thus solve nano-silver thread be oxidized easily, the disadvantage of stability difference, therefore pressure sensing prepared by the present invention Device is not oxidizable, and stability is more preferable.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram that existing pressure sensor provides;
Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram for the example that the preparation method of pressure sensor of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the method flow diagram for the example that step S1 is provided in the preparation method of pressure sensor of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram for the example that step S2 is provided in the preparation method of pressure sensor of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram for the example that pressure sensor of the present invention provides.
The object of the invention is realized, the embodiments will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for functional characteristics and advantage.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and specific embodiment, the present invention is described further.Drawn in preferred embodiment Such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", " centre " and " one " term, only being illustrated convenient for narration, rather than to limit The enforceable range of the present invention, relativeness are altered or modified, under the content of no substantial changes in technology, when being also considered as this hair Bright enforceable scope.
The pressure sensor of the prior art, electronic skin, intelligent textile and in terms of, due to The protective layer of silver nanowires is easy to fall off, and causes to lose the protection to nano-silver thread, so that nano-silver thread is easily oxidized, To influence the service performance of electronic skin, intelligent textile and monitoring structural health conditions equipment, the present invention is by using above-mentioned skill The preparation method of art scheme, so that the pressure sensor of its preparation considerably improves for traditional pressure sensor The performance of pressure sensor, that is, the pressure sensor produced have good sensing capability, good inoxidizability and good Stability.
In the present invention, the material and corresponding chemical molecular formula being previously mentioned are as follows:
The chemical molecular formula of nano-silver thread is AgNWs;
The chemical molecular formula of silver nitrate is AgNO3
The chemical molecular formula of polyvinyl pyrrole are as follows: PVP);
The chemical molecular formula of thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer are as follows: TPU;
The chemical molecular formula of sodium chloride is NaCl;
The chemical molecular formula of dimethyl silicone polymer is PDMS;
The chemical molecular formula of N-dimethylformamide is DMF).
As shown in Fig. 2, the preparation method of pressure sensor the following steps are included:
Step S1, ethylene glycol and polyvinyl pyrrole silver nitrate are passed through into reduction method for preparing nanometer silver wire;
Step S2, thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film is prepared;
Step S3, nano-silver thread is transferred on thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film to form composite membrane;
Step S4, the gap that dimethyl silicone polymer solution is penetrated to thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film, is diffused in described multiple The surface of film is closed, hot setting is coated nano-silver thread by dimethyl silicone polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film to be formed In intermediate pressure sensor.
In specific implementation, as shown in figure 3, ethylene glycol and polyvinyl pyrrole silver nitrate are passed through reduction method in the step S1 Prepare the method for nano-silver thread specifically includes the following steps:
Step S11, by 20 milliliters of ethylene glycol, 0.204 gram of silver nitrate and the polyvinyl pyrrole of 0.3996g add simultaneously Mixed solution has been formed into container;Preferably, the container selected in step S11 is three-neck flask, in this way convenient for easy Preferably mixing can also be certainly other specific containers of the prior art in specific implementation.
Step S12 stirs above-mentioned mixed solution 1 hour in the environment of dull thread, so that silver nitrate and polyethylene pyrrole It coughs up and is completely dissolved, and 10 microlitres of sodium chloride are added in solution after complete dissolution, be again stirring for 10 minutes;
The solution of above-mentioned addition sodium chloride is placed in the oil bath under vacuum environment, and controls temperature 170 by step S13 DEG C heating 30 minutes so that solution is cooled to room temperature in air, and enough acetone (about 200m1) is added in the solution;
The solution that enough acetone is added is centrifuged 10 minutes with 5000 revs/min of speed, is cleaned with ethyl alcohol by step S14 Three times to remove excessive polyvinylpyrrolidone ethylene glycol, to obtain being dispersed with 4.0 milligrams and receive in every milliliter of ethyl alcohol Rice silver wire.
Wherein, in step S13, the enough acetone being previously mentioned is meant that the mixed solution for referring to dilute ethylene glycol completely.
In specific implementation, as shown in figure 4, the method for preparing thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film in the step S2 specifically includes Following steps:
Step S21, the thermoplastic that mass fraction is 25% is added in the mixture of dinethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran Property polyurethane elastomer, to obtain thermoplastic polyurethane solution, and the volume of the mixture and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer Than being 1: 1;
Step S22, thermoplastic polyurethane solution is added in the plastic injector with metallic nozzle, the plastics note The cylindrical body of the rotation of the metallic nozzle and plastic injector of emitter is respectively used as an electrode, and the distance between two electrodes are 12 lis Rice;
Step S23, use 21 kilovolts of high tension voltage by thermoplastic polyurethane solution on two electrodes of plastic injector It is injected into aluminium foil, to obtain thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film.
In specific implementation, when plastic injector injects thermoplastic polyurethane solution, it is same that two plastic injectors can be used When inject, total extruded velocities of two plastic injectors be 12 milliliters per hour.It certainly, can also be according to need in specific implementation It is specifically chosen the quantity of plastic injector and the extruded velocity of plastic injector.In addition, when plastic injector injects thermoplasticity When polyurethane solutions, aluminium foil is placed in electrostatic spinning case, and the environment temperature of the electrostatic spinning case is 25 degrees Celsius, relatively wet Degree is 64%.
In specific implementation, in the step S3, nano-silver thread is transferred on thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film multiple to be formed The method for closing film specifically includes:
The ethyl alcohol that every 5 milliliters are dispersed with nano-silver thread is equably dropped in the thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film of 5*5cm ∧ 2 On, and ethyl alcohol has been filtered in the gap and hole of thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film, and in thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film surface Nano-silver thread is isolated, has formed the composite membrane of 3 × 1cm ∧ 2, and the both ends of composite membrane are clung using silver paste.
In specific implementation, in the step S4, it is preferable that in order to preferably ensure pressure sensor prepared by the present invention Performance, the dimethyl silicone polymer solution, on the surface of composite membrane, are diffused with poly- two using 500 turns of VELOCITY DIFFUSION per minute The composite membrane of methylsiloxane solidifies 1 hour at 80 DEG C to obtain pressure sensor, certainly, in specific implementation, may be used also Using the diffusion velocity and temperature of other specific values.
Preferably, the content of nano-silver thread is 2.4 milligrams in each pressure sensor, certainly, in specific implementation, also It can be the nano-silver thread of other concrete contents.
As shown in figure 5, the structural schematic diagram of pressure sensor of the invention, has by dimethyl silicone polymer and thermoplastic Property polyurethane electrospinning film nano-silver thread is coated on to intermediate sandwich, the structure preferably from air by nano-silver thread every From therefore, pressure sensor of the invention solves nano silver in pressure sensor compared with pressure sensor traditional in Fig. 1 Line is oxidized easily the disadvantage of stability difference, i.e., pressure sensor of the invention compares conventional pressure sensor, has and well leads Electrically, good sensing capability, good inoxidizability and good stability, so that it can accurately be detected Bending deformation.
By the pressure sensor application being prepared using preparation method of the present invention in stability, durability, inoxidizability With the test of bending resistance response characteristic etc., test result is as follows:
(1) measuring stability
It is discharged by stretching, relative resistivities is respectively 0.03,0.1,0.16,0.22 and 0.29, and tension force is respectively 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%, the results showed that, under conditions of alternate strain, sensor is still stable.
(2) durability is tested
Cyclic test is carried out using 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%, (is pressed using 2% application after 1600 circulations Power), stability and repeatability are also fine, show there is good durability in practical applications.
(3) inoxidizability is tested
Linear current-voltage characteristic shows that it is outstanding using various pressure sensors of the strain in 0~10% range Ohm behavior, the sandwich of self-forming can protect nano-silver thread, keeps its not oxidized.
It in order to test its anti-oxidation characteristics, placed one or more pressure sensor samples at room temperature, record daily, Record 30 days.The resistance of pressure sensor has almost no change, and shows surprising conductivity (50cm ∧ -1) and durability.
(4) the bending resistance response characteristic of workout sensor
The measurement at continuous bend angle is carried out to sensor, test result shows that relative resistivities is linearly increasing, in 0- Bending degree in 80% range linearly increases, this is vital for should being used to say that for pressure sensor, can Accurately detect bending deformation.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should be appreciated that this It is merely illustrative of, various changes or modifications can be made to present embodiment, without departing from the principle and substance of the present invention, Protection scope of the present invention is only limited by the claims that follow.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of preparation method of pressure sensor, which comprises the following steps:
S1, ethylene glycol and polyvinyl pyrrole silver nitrate are passed through into reduction method for preparing nanometer silver wire;
S2, thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film is prepared;
S3, nano-silver thread is transferred on thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film to form composite membrane;
S4, the gap that dimethyl silicone polymer solution is penetrated to thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film, are diffused in the table of the composite membrane Nano-silver thread is coated on centre by dimethyl silicone polymer and thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film to be formed by face, hot setting Pressure sensor.
2. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S1, by second two Alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrole silver nitrate pass through reduction method for preparing nanometer silver wire specifically includes the following steps:
By 20 milliliters of ethylene glycol, 0.204 gram of silver nitrate and the polyvinyl pyrrole of 0.3996g be added in container shape simultaneously At mixed solution;
Above-mentioned mixed solution is stirred 1 hour in the environment of dull thread, so that silver nitrate is completely dissolved with polyvinyl pyrrole, and 10 microlitres of sodium chloride are added in solution after complete dissolution, are again stirring for 10 minutes;
The solution of above-mentioned addition sodium chloride is placed in the oil bath under vacuum environment, and controls temperature and is heated 30 minutes at 170 DEG C, So that solution is cooled to room temperature in air, and enough acetone is added in the solution;
The solution that enough acetone is added is centrifuged 10 minutes with 5000 revs/min of speed, is cleaned three times with ethyl alcohol to remove The polyvinylpyrrolidone ethylene glycol of amount, to obtain the nano-silver thread for being dispersed with 4.0 milligrams in every milliliter of ethyl alcohol.
3. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step S2, preparation heat The method of plastic polyurethane electrospinning film specifically includes the following steps:
The thermoplastic polyurethane elastic that mass fraction is 25% is added in the mixture of dinethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran Body, to obtain thermoplastic polyurethane solution, and the volume ratio of the mixture and thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer is 1: 1;
Thermoplastic polyurethane solution is added in the plastic injector with metallic nozzle, the metal spray of the plastic injector The cylindrical body of the rotation of mouth and plastic injector is respectively used as an electrode, and the distance between two electrodes are 12 centimetres;
Thermoplastic polyurethane solution is injected by aluminium foil using 21 kilovolts of high tension voltage on two electrodes of plastic injector, with Obtain thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film.
4. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that when plastic injector injects thermoplastic Property polyurethane solutions when, injected simultaneously using two plastic injectors, total extruded velocities of two plastic injectors is 12 milliliters Per hour.
5. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that when plastic injector injects thermoplastic Property polyurethane solutions when, aluminium foil is placed in electrostatic spinning case, and the environment temperature of the electrostatic spinning case is 25 degrees Celsius, relatively Humidity is 64%.
6. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in the step S3, by nanometer Silver wire is transferred on thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film and specifically includes in the method for forming composite membrane:
The ethyl alcohol that every 5 milliliters are dispersed with nano-silver thread is equably dropped on the thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film of 5*5cm ∧ 2, And ethyl alcohol is filtered in the gap and hole of thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film, and separate in thermoplastic polyurethane electrospinning film surface Nano-silver thread out has formed the composite membrane of 3 × 1cm ∧ 2.
7. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that after the step S3, with And the step S4 before the following steps are included:
The both ends of composite membrane are clung using silver paste.
8. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described poly- in the step S4 Dimethyl siloxane solution is using 500 turns of VELOCITY DIFFUSION per minute on the surface of composite membrane.
9. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to claim 8, which is characterized in that be diffused with dimethyl silicone polymer Composite membrane solidify 1 hour at 80 DEG C to obtain pressure sensor.
10. the preparation method of pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, which is characterized in that each pressure passes The content of nano-silver thread is 2.4 milligrams in sensor.
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CN114438663A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-05-06 宁波诺丁汉新材料研究院有限公司 Breathable liquid metal-based elastic conductor composite film, preparation method and application

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