CN110987250A - Flexible pressure sensor with multiple stimulus response structure - Google Patents
Flexible pressure sensor with multiple stimulus response structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN110987250A CN110987250A CN201911250527.9A CN201911250527A CN110987250A CN 110987250 A CN110987250 A CN 110987250A CN 201911250527 A CN201911250527 A CN 201911250527A CN 110987250 A CN110987250 A CN 110987250A
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- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure, which comprises an elastic conductive substrate, and deformable stimulus response layers arranged on two sides of the elastic conductive substrate, wherein the stimulus response layers on the two sides are made of different stimulus response materials. The invention prepares the pressure sensing device with a three-layer structure by respectively coating a layer of stimulus response layer with directional bending deformation behavior on external stimulus conditions such as temperature, light, magnetism, electricity, humidity, solvent or pH on two sides of an elastic conductive substrate, has the characteristics of high sensitivity, strong stability, good repeatability and the like by the synergistic action of different stimulus response materials, and realizes effective regulation and control on the response deformation of the sensing device by researching the change condition of the pressure of the sensing device under the external stimulus conditions such as different environmental temperatures, light, magnetism, electricity, humidity, solvent or pH value of the solution and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sensors, in particular to a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple-stimulus response structure.
Background
The development of multifunctional, environment-friendly and energy-saving materials is an objective condition for sustainable development of human beings, and an intelligent film material is one of the materials. The intelligent driving film is a film material capable of converting energy contained in chemical or physical stimulation into macroscopic deformation, has the characteristics of easy modification, easy processing, easy assembly and the like, and can be driven by external stimulation such as pH, temperature, ionic strength, light, electric field, magnetic field and the like. The intelligent film material can be used as an intelligent sensor, a driver, a soft robot, an energy collector and the like to be widely applied to the fields of biology, medicine, environment, engineering and the like, so that the research and development of a stimulation responsive film with high sensitivity, multi-responsiveness, high selectivity, controllable deformation and simple preparation are particularly important.
Currently, the research on intelligent thin film materials is mainly inclined to the stimulation of single external stimulation conditions such as light, heat, gas vapor and the like, so as to induce the change of the mechanical properties and the form of the sensing device. Research reports that organic dye molecular crystals and polymers are used for preparing a composite film material, and the film is deformed and moved by the irradiation of ultraviolet light with certain wavelength; research reports that the intelligent moisture-permeable film is prepared by introducing thermo-sensitive polymer (poly (isopropyl acrylamide)) hollow spheres into the film, and different moisture permeabilities of the film are achieved by regulating and controlling the temperature; there are also reports on using general commercial polymers such as agarose, polyvinylidene fluoride, etc. to prepare composite films, and driving the deformation of the films by certain stimuli such as water vapor, acetone gas, light, heat, etc. Currently, the research on the thermal response materials mainly focuses on the thermal response deformation of the shape memory materials, but the deformation is basically irreversible, so that the thermal response behavior of many reported thermal response intelligent films is mainly realized by accelerating the release of moisture or solvent in the films, and the intrinsic driving force is not heat. And how to effectively control, qualitatively and quantitatively judge and analyze the responsive deformation of the intelligent film so as to be suitable for the complex environment of multiple external stimuli, thereby providing reliable theoretical guidance for the application research of the pressure sensor with the intelligent driving stimulus response structure.
The patent with the application number of 201811051272.9 discloses a fiber-based torsion driver with stimulus responsiveness to photo-heat and humidity, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the fiber-based torsion driver comprises the following components in percentage by mass (0.05-0.2): 1: (25-40) mixing the graphene oxide powder, the sodium alginate powder and deionized water, and then spinning and twisting to obtain the graphene oxide/sodium alginate/deionized water composite material. The invention only discloses the reversible rotation driving behavior of the fiber-based torsion driver under the irradiation of near-infrared light with different wavelengths or external stimulation environments with different humidity, and the pressure sensing performance of the fiber-based torsion driver is not researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure, which solves the problems of the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure comprises an elastic conductive substrate, and deformable stimulus response layers arranged on two sides of the elastic conductive substrate, wherein the stimulus response layers on the two sides are made of different stimulus response materials.
As a further limitation of the above, the deformable stimuli-responsive layer is any two of a thermal-responsive material layer, a photo-thermal-responsive material layer, a magneto-thermal-responsive material layer, an electro-thermal-responsive material layer, a humidity-responsive material layer, a solvent-responsive material layer, or a pH-responsive material layer.
As a further limitation of the above solution, the flexible pressure sensor may deform under external stimulus conditions of temperature, light, magnetism, electricity, humidity, pH.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the stimuli-responsive layer is formed on the elastic conductive substrate by surface chemical grafting or physical coating.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the thickness of the stimuli-responsive layer is 100nm to 1 mm.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the elastic conductive substrate has a thickness of 0.5 μm to 1 mm.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the elastic conductive substrate is one of elastic conductive fiber, elastic conductive yarn or elastic conductive nonwoven fabric.
As a further limitation of the above scheme, the fineness of the elastic conductive fiber is 30-120 dtex; the fineness of the elastic conductive yarn is 16-80 tex.
As a further limitation of the above scheme, the elastic conductive fiber is prepared by blending and spinning fiber raw materials and conductive materials or coating the conductive materials on the surface of the elastic fiber; the co-spinning includes, but is not limited to, melt spinning, wet spinning, dry spinning, and the like.
Wherein the fiber raw material comprises thermoplastic materials (polyurethane (PU), Polycarbonate (PC), nylon (PA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), etc.);
the conductive material includes, but is not limited to, metal powder, inorganic conductive material, organic conductive polymer material; the metal powder includes, but is not limited to, gold, silver, copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, etc.; the inorganic conductive material includes, but is not limited to, carbon fiber, carbon black, carbon nanotube, silver nanowire, etc.; the organic conductive polymer material includes, but is not limited to, polyacetylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene, polyaniline, derivatives thereof, and the like.
The elastic conductive yarn is prepared by blending various insulating fibers and conductive fibers in a certain proportion or by coating conductive materials on the surface of the yarn; such blends include, but are not limited to, ring spinning, vortex spinning, air jet spinning, siro spinning, and the like.
The elastic conductive nonwoven fabric includes, but is not limited to, a molten nonwoven fabric prepared by a melting method by blending the above thermoplastic material with a conductive material), a needle-punched nonwoven fabric prepared by needle-punching conductive fibers, and the like.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the thermal response material layer is a temperature sensitive polymer selected from at least one of the following: poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), poly (N-N-propylacrylamide), poly (N-cyclopropylacrylamide), poly (N-isopropylmethacrylamide), poly (N-ethylacrylamide), poly (N-acryloyloxy-N-propylpiperazine), poly (N- (L) - (1-hydroxymethyl) propylmethacrylamide), poly [ N- (2-methacryloyloxyethyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (3-acryloyloxypropyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (3-methacryloyloxypropyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (2-acryloyloxypropyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (1-methyl-2-acryloyloxyethyl) pyrrolidone ], (N-N-propylacrylamide) pyrrolidone ], poly (N-N-propylacrylamide) and poly (N-N-propylacrylamide) pyrrolidone), Poly (2-alkyl-2-oxazoline), poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), poly (2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline), poly (2-N-propyl-2-oxazoline), polymethyldimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, poly (N-vinylcyclocaprolactam), polyacryloylpyrrolidine, polymethylvinyl ether, polymethoxyethyl vinyl ether, polyethoxyethyl vinyl ether, polypropylene oxide, poly [ oligo (ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate ], polyorganophosphazenes, elastin-like polypeptides, and copolymers or derivatives comprising the foregoing units.
As a further limitation of the above solution, the photothermal response material layer is formed by adding nanoparticles with an optical effect to the thermal response material, that is, both nanoparticles with an optical effect and the thermal response material are included; the nanoparticles having a photothermal effect are selected from at least one of the following: gold nanorods, gold nanosheets, gold nanocages, hollow gold nanospheres, palladium nanosheets, palladium @ silver, palladium @ silica, carbon nanotubes, graphene, reduced graphene oxide, carbon black, black phosphorus, copper sulfide, indocyanine green, polyaniline, and products of the foregoing through various chemical modifications.
As a further limitation of the above solution, the magnetocaloric response material layer is formed by adding nanoparticles with magnetic effect to a thermal response material, that is, both nanoparticles with magnetic effect and thermal response material are included, and the nanoparticles with magnetocaloric effect are selected from at least one of the following substances: fe3O4、LaFeCoSi、GdSiGe、LaFe11.6Si1.4C0.2H0.7、La(Fe,Si)13、NiMnGa、MnCoGe0.99In0.01、MnCo0.98Cr0.02Ge。
As a further limitation of the above solution, the electric heating response material layer is a thermal response material to which a material with an electric heating effect is added, that is, the material includes nanoparticles with an electric heating effect and a thermal response material, and the material with an electric heating effect is selected from at least one of the following substances: graphite, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, calcium-doped lanthanum chromate, antimony-doped tin dioxide, conductive metal materials (such as gold, silver, platinum, copper, rhodium, palladium, chromium, and the like), indium tin oxide, transparent conductive oxides, polyacetylene, polyaniline, polypyrrole, and the like.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the humidity responsive material layer is one or a combination of two of a polymer containing a large number of hydrophilic groups and a polyester-based polymer containing a large number of carbonyl groups.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the polymer having a plurality of hydrophilic groups is selected from at least one of the following: agarose, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, starch, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hyaluronic acid, sodium hyaluronate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, polyethylene glycol acrylate, gelatin, alginic acid, collagen, poly-L-lysine, poly-L-glutamic acid, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyvinyl polymers, and derivatives thereof; the polyester polymer containing a large amount of carbonyl groups is selected from at least one of the following substances: polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyvinylpyridine, polycarbonate, polyimide, hydroxymethylcellulose, cellulose acetate, nylon, poly (vinyl terephthalate), polyphosphazene, perfluorosulfonic acid, polyethylene, polystyrene, phenolic resin, and derivatives thereof.
As a further limitation of the above aspect, the pH responsive material layer is selected from at least one of a substance containing a carboxyl, pyridine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, sulfonic acid, morpholine, phosphate, or tertiary amine group.
As a still further limitation of the foregoing aspect, the pH responsive material is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, poly-L-glutamic acid, polyhistidine, polyaspartic acid, poly [ (2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate ], polymethacrylic acid, polyethylacrylic acid, polypropylenoacrylic acid, polyethylene and benzoic acid, polyitaconic acid, polyethylene glycol acrylate phosphoric acid, polyethylene glycol methacrylate phosphoric acid, polyethylene phosphoric acid, poly (4-vinyl-phenylphosphoric acid), polyvinyl sulfonic acid, poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid), polyvinyl phenylboronic acid, polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, polyethylaminoethyl methacrylate, poly (N-ethylpyrrolidine methacrylate), poly (2-vinylpyridine), poly (N-acryloyl-N-alkenyl piperazine), poly (L-methyl methacrylate), poly (N-ethyl methacrylate), poly, At least one of polyacryloylmorpholine, poly (4-vinylpyridine), polyethyleneimine dendrimers, polyvinyl alcohol, pre-oxidized acrylonitrile and the like, chitosan, alginic acid, carboxymethyl cellulose, hyaluronic acid, and derivatives and copolymers containing the above units.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the pressure sensing device with the three-layer structure is prepared by respectively coating a layer of stimulus response layer with directional bending deformation behavior under external stimulus conditions of temperature, light, magnetism, electricity, humidity, solvent or pH and the like on two sides of the elastic conductive substrate.
(2) The invention utilizes the material with stimulus responsiveness and the elastic conductive matrix to compound the pressure sensing device with a three-layer structure, and researches the quantitative change condition of the pressure when the pressure sensing device changes along with external stimulus by applying external stimuli such as different environmental temperatures, light, magnetism, electricity, humidity, solvent or solution pH values, thereby realizing the purpose of effectively regulating and controlling the responsive deformation of the sensing device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of a flexible pressure sensor with a multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure prepared in example 1 according to the stimulus changes of the external temperature and humidity, respectively.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in example 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 (a) and (b) are graphs of response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in example 2 according to the stimulus changes of the external temperature and the magnetic field, respectively.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in example 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are graphs showing response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure according to example 3, the resistance varying with external temperature and PH stimulus.
Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in example 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 (a) and (b) are graphs showing response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in example 4 according to the stimulus variation of the external magnetic field and humidity, respectively.
FIG. 9 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure prepared in example 5 according to the stimulus changes of the external temperature and humidity
Fig. 10 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure according to example 6, as a function of the stimulus of the external temperature and humidity, respectively.
Fig. 11 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure according to example 7, as a function of the stimulus of the external temperature and humidity, respectively.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention; reagents, methods and apparatus used in the present invention are conventional in the art unless otherwise indicated.
In the following specific embodiment, the elastic conductive fiber is prepared by dissolving Polyurethane (PU) and CNTs in N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) and performing wet spinning, wherein the mass ratio of the polyurethane to the CNTs is 4: 1.
The elastic conductive non-woven fabric is a needle-punched non-woven fabric prepared from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers by a needle punching method, and then chemical plating treatment is carried out on the surface of the needle-punched non-woven fabric, wherein the plating layer is polypyrrole.
The elastic conductive yarn is core-spun yarn made of spandex filament wrapped with terylene, and then chemical plating treatment is carried out on the surface of the core-spun yarn, wherein the plating layer is polypyrrole.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and with reference to the attached drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure, which comprises an elastic conductive non-woven fabric, and deformable stimulus response layers arranged on two sides of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric, wherein the stimulus response layers on the two sides are respectively made of (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response materials and alginic acid humidity response materials.
The (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response layer and the alginic acid humidity response layer are formed on the elastic conductive non-woven fabric substrate in a physical coating mode; the thicknesses of the (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response layer and the alginic acid humidity stimulus response layer are both 500 nm; the thickness of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric is 1 mu m.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure manufactured in this embodiment, it can be seen from the results in the image that two sides of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric are uniformly coated with and modified with different stimulus response materials, in the image, a layer a is a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response layer, a layer B is an elastic conductive non-woven fabric substrate, and a layer C is an alginic acid humidity stimulus response layer.
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) are graphs of response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure manufactured in this embodiment along with the stimulus changes of the external temperature and humidity, respectively, and it can be seen from the graphs that the resistance of the sensor decreases along with the increase of the temperature and humidity, and the resistance change rates of the sensor are different along with the changes of the temperature and humidity, and by studying the quantitative change condition of the pressure when the pressure sensing device changes along with the stimulus changes of the external temperature and humidity, the purpose of effectively regulating and quantitatively analyzing the responsive deformation of the sensing device can be achieved.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure, which comprises an elastic conductive non-woven fabric, and deformable stimulus response layers arranged on two sides of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric, wherein the stimulus response layers on the two sides are respectively made of poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response material and Fe3O4The magnetocaloric stimuli-responsive material.
The poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response layer is Fe3O4The magnetocaloric stimulus response layers are formed on the elastic conductive non-woven fabric substrate in a physical coating mode; the poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) is thermally stimulatedResponsive layer, Fe3O4The thickness of the magnetocaloric stimulus response layer is 500 nm; the thickness of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric is 1 mu m.
As shown in fig. 3, which is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the flexible pressure sensor with multiple stimulus response structures manufactured in this embodiment, it can be seen from the results in the image that two sides of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric are uniformly coated with different stimulus response materials, in the image, a layer a is a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response layer, a layer B is an elastic conductive non-woven fabric, and a layer C is Fe3O4And a magnetocaloric stimulus-responsive layer.
Fig. 4 (a) and (b) are graphs of response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in this embodiment according to the stimulus changes of the external temperature and the magnetic field, respectively, and it can be seen from the graphs that the resistance of the sensor decreases with the increase of the external temperature and the magnetic field strength.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure, which comprises an elastic conductive non-woven fabric, and deformable stimulus response layers arranged on two sides of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric, wherein the stimulus response layers on the two sides are respectively made of a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response material and a carboxymethyl cellulose pH response material.
The poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response material and the carboxymethyl cellulose pH stimulus response layer are formed on the elastic conductive non-woven fabric substrate in a physical coating mode; the thicknesses of the poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response material and the carboxymethyl cellulose pH stimulus response layer are both 500 nm; the thickness of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric is 1 mu m.
As shown in fig. 5, which is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure manufactured in this embodiment, it can be seen from the results in the image that two sides of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric are uniformly coated with and modified with different stimulus response materials, in the image, a layer a is a poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) thermal stimulus response material, a layer B is an elastic conductive non-woven fabric, and a layer C is a carboxymethyl cellulose pH stimulus response layer.
Fig. 6 (a) and (b) are response graphs of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure according to the present embodiment, which respectively show the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure according to the present embodiment, and it can be seen from the graphs that the resistance of the sensor decreases with the increase of the temperature and the PH.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a flexible pressure sensor with a multiple stimulus response structure, which comprises elastic conductive fibers, and deformable stimulus response layers arranged on two sides of the elastic conductive fibers, wherein the stimulus response layers on the two sides are respectively made of Fe3O4The magnetic heat stimulus response material and the chitosan humidity stimulus response material.
Said Fe3O4The magnetocaloric stimulus response layer and the chitosan humidity stimulus response layer are formed on the elastic conductive fiber substrate in a physical coating mode; said Fe3O4The thicknesses of the magnetocaloric stimulus response layer and the chitosan humidity stimulus response layer are both 500 nm; the thickness of the elastic conductive non-woven fabric is 1 mu m.
As shown in fig. 7, which is a cross-sectional scanning electron microscope image of the flexible pressure sensor with a multi-stimulus response structure manufactured in this embodiment, it can be seen from the results in the figure that two sides of the elastic conductive fiber are uniformly coated with and modified with different stimulus response materials, and in the figure, the layer a is Fe3O4The magnetic heat stimulus response layer, the layer B is elastic conductive fiber, and the layer C is a chitosan humidity stimulus response layer.
Fig. 8 (a) and (b) are graphs of response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure manufactured in this embodiment according to the stimulus change of the external magnetic field and the humidity, respectively, and it can be seen from the graphs that the resistance of the sensor decreases with the increase of the magnetic field intensity and the humidity.
Example 5
This embodiment provides a flexible pressure sensor with multiple stimulus response structures, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the thickness of the elastic conductive nonwoven fabric is changed, and the thickness of the elastic conductive nonwoven fabric is 2 μm.
Fig. 9 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure according to the present embodiment to the stimulus changes of the external temperature and humidity, respectively, and it can be seen from the graphs that the resistance of the sensor decreases with the increase of the temperature and humidity.
Example 6
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure is that the elastic conductive substrate is elastic conductive fibers, and the fineness of the elastic conductive fibers is 80 dtex.
Fig. 10 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure according to the present embodiment to the stimulus changes of the external temperature and humidity, respectively, and it can be seen from the graphs that the resistance of the sensor decreases with the increase of the temperature and humidity.
Example 7
Compared with the embodiment 1, the difference of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure is that the elastic conductive substrate is elastic conductive yarn, and the fineness of the elastic conductive yarn is 50 dtex.
Fig. 11 (a) and (b) are graphs showing the response results of the resistance of the flexible pressure sensor with the multiple stimulus response structure according to the present embodiment to the stimulus changes of the external temperature and humidity, respectively, and it can be seen from the graphs that the resistance of the sensor decreases with the increase of the temperature and humidity.
While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention; those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and alterations of the above embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. The flexible pressure sensor with the multi-stimulus response structure is characterized by comprising an elastic conductive substrate, and deformable stimulus response layers arranged on two sides of the elastic conductive substrate, wherein the stimulus response layers on the two sides are made of different stimulus response materials.
2. The flexible pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein the deformable stimuli-responsive layer is any two of a thermal-responsive material layer, a photo-thermal-responsive material layer, a magneto-thermal-responsive material layer, an electro-thermal-responsive material layer, a humidity-responsive material layer, a solvent-responsive material layer, or a pH-responsive material layer.
3. The flexible pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein the flexible pressure sensor is deformable under external stimuli such as temperature, light, magnetism, electricity, humidity, pH.
4. The multi-stimulus responsive structural flexible pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein the deformable stimulus responsive layer is formed on the elastic conductive substrate by surface chemical grafting or physical coating.
5. A multi stimulus response structure flexible pressure sensor according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the deformable stimulus response layer has a thickness of 100nm to 1 mm.
6. A multistimulation response structural flexible pressure sensor according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the thickness of said elastic conductive substrate is between 0.5 μm and 1 mm.
7. The multi-stimulus responsive structural flexible pressure sensor of claim 1, wherein the elastic conductive substrate is one of elastic conductive fibers, elastic conductive yarns or elastic conductive non-woven fabrics.
8. The flexible pressure sensor of claim 5, wherein the elastic conductive fiber has a fineness of 30 to 120 dtex; the fineness of the elastic conductive yarn is 15-80 tex.
9. The multi-stimulus responsive structural flexible pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein the thermo-responsive material layer is a thermo-sensitive polymer selected from at least one of the following: poly (N-isopropylacrylamide), poly (N-N-propylacrylamide), poly (N-cyclopropylacrylamide), poly (N-isopropylmethacrylamide), poly (N-ethylacrylamide), poly (N-acryloyloxy-N-propylpiperazine), poly (N- (L) - (1-hydroxymethyl) propylmethacrylamide), poly [ N- (2-methacryloyloxyethyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (3-acryloyloxypropyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (3-methacryloyloxypropyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (2-acryloyloxypropyl) pyrrolidone ], poly [ N- (1-methyl-2-acryloyloxyethyl) pyrrolidone ], (N-N-propylacrylamide) pyrrolidone ], poly (N-N-propylacrylamide) and poly (N-N-propylacrylamide) pyrrolidone), Poly (2-alkyl-2-oxazoline), poly (2-ethyl-2-oxazoline), poly (2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline), poly (2-N-propyl-2-oxazoline), polymethyldimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, poly (N-vinylcyclocaprolactam), polyacryloylpyrrolidine, polymethylvinyl ether, polymethoxyethyl vinyl ether, polyethoxyethyl vinyl ether, polypropylene oxide, poly [ oligo (ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether methacrylate ], polyorganophosphazenes, elastin-like polypeptides, and copolymers or derivatives comprising the foregoing units.
10. The multi-stimulus response structural flexible pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein the photo-thermal response material layer is formed by adding nanoparticles with optical effect to the thermal response material, that is, by simultaneously containing nanoparticles with optical effect and thermal response material; the nanoparticles having a photothermal effect are selected from at least one of the following: gold nanorods, gold nanosheets, gold nanocages, hollow gold nanospheres, palladium nanosheets, palladium @ silver, palladium @ silica, carbon nanotubes, graphene, reduced graphene oxide, carbon black, black phosphorus, copper sulfide, indocyanine green, polyaniline, and products of the foregoing through various chemical modifications.
11. The flexible pressure sensor with multiple stimulus-response structures according to claim 2, wherein the magnetocaloric response material layer is formed by adding nanoparticles with magnetic effect into a thermal response material, that is, by simultaneously containing nanoparticles with magnetic effect and thermal response material, and the nanoparticles with magnetocaloric effect are selected from at least one of the following substances: fe3O4、LaFeCoSi、GdSiGe、LaFe11.6Si1.4C0.2H0.7、La(Fe,Si)13、NiMnGa、MnCoGe0.99In0.01、MnCo0.98Cr0.02Ge。
12. The flexible pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein the electro-thermal response material layer is a thermal response material with electro-thermal effect added thereto, that is, the electro-thermal response material layer comprises both nano-particles with electro-thermal effect and the thermal response material, and the electro-thermal effect material is selected from at least one of the following substances: graphite, carbon black, carbon nano tubes, carbon fibers, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, calcium-doped lanthanum chromate, antimony-doped tin dioxide, a conductive metal material, indium tin oxide, a transparent conductive oxide, polyacetylene, polyaniline and polypyrrole.
13. The flexible pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein the humidity responsive material layer is one or a combination of two of a polymer containing a plurality of hydrophilic groups and a polyester-based polymer containing a plurality of carbonyl groups.
14. The multi-stimulus responsive structural flexible pressure sensor of claim 13, wherein the polymer having a plurality of hydrophilic groups is selected from at least one of: agarose, cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, chitosan, starch, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, hyaluronic acid, sodium hyaluronate, sodium polystyrene sulfonate, polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, polyethylene glycol, polybutylene glycol, polyethylene glycol methacrylate, polyethylene glycol acrylate, gelatin, alginic acid, collagen, poly-L-lysine, poly-L-glutamic acid, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxyvinyl polymers, and derivatives thereof; the polyester polymer containing a large amount of carbonyl groups is selected from at least one of the following substances: polymethyl methacrylate, polyethyl methacrylate, t-butyl methacrylate, polymethyl acrylate, polyethyl acrylate, polyvinylpyridine, polycarbonate, polyimide, hydroxymethylcellulose, cellulose acetate, nylon, poly (vinyl terephthalate), polyphosphazene, perfluorosulfonic acid, polyethylene, polystyrene, phenolic resin, and derivatives thereof.
15. The multi-stimulus responsive structural flexible pressure sensor of claim 2, wherein the pH-responsive material layer is selected from at least one substance containing a carboxyl, pyridine, pyrrolidine, piperazine, sulfonic acid, morpholine, phosphate, or tertiary amine group.
16. The flexible pressure sensor of claim 15, wherein the pH-responsive material layer is selected from the group consisting of polyacrylic acid, poly-L-glutamic acid, polyhistidine, polyaspartic acid, poly [ (2-dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate ], polymethacrylic acid, polyethylacrylic acid, polypropylenylacrylic acid, polyethylene and benzoic acid, polyitaconic acid, polyethyleneglycol acrylate phosphate, polyethyleneglycol methacrylate phosphate, polyvinylphosphoric acid, poly (4-vinyl-phenylphosphoric acid), polyvinylsulfonic acid, poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid), polyvinylphenylboronic acid, polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, polyethyldiethylaminoethyl methacrylate, poly (N-ethylpyrrolidine methacrylate), poly (2-vinylpyridine), poly (N-ethylpyrrolidine), poly (, Poly (N-acryloyl-N-alkenyl piperazine), polyacryloylmorpholine, poly (4-vinylpyridine), polyethyleneimine dendrimers, polyvinyl alcohol, pre-oxidized acrylonitrile, chitosan, alginic acid, carboxymethylcellulose, hyaluronic acid, and derivatives and copolymers containing the above units.
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