CN109163714B - Measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under complex terrain condition and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under complex terrain condition and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109163714B CN109163714B CN201811142055.0A CN201811142055A CN109163714B CN 109163714 B CN109163714 B CN 109163714B CN 201811142055 A CN201811142055 A CN 201811142055A CN 109163714 B CN109163714 B CN 109163714B
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- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under a complex terrain condition and a construction method thereof, wherein the device comprises a total station, a prism, a fixed frame and a positioning frame; the positioning frame is provided with a positioning rod and an adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the angle of the positioning rod; the fixing frame is provided with a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism can be downwards connected with the upper end of the positioning rod, so that the fixing disc is perpendicular to the positioning rod; the limiting mechanism limits the total station placed on the fixed disc upwards, so that the total station and the positioning rod are centered in the vertical direction. After the prism is positioned by using the total station, the prism is detached from the positioning rod, then the total station and the fixing frame are transferred to the upper part of the positioning frame, and the step of coarse adjustment of the fixing frame is omitted by using the mutual matching of the positioning rod and the limiting mechanism; and then, the total station is aligned with the positioning rod in the vertical direction after being leveled by using the limiting mechanism, so that the laser positioner can be accurately aligned with the coordinate determined by the prism, and the operation is simple and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering measurement, in particular to a measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under a complex terrain condition and a construction method thereof.
Background
In engineering construction, surveying and mapping are required to be carried out at each place, coordinate conversion is required to be carried out between different coordinate systems due to the fact that different coordinate systems are adopted in the surveying and mapping process, an existing surveying and mapping tool is generally a total station, and a prism is required to be used for coordinate conversion.
In the surveying and mapping process, a coordinate system is established through the total station, the prism is placed at a coordinate position to be converted, the total station is used for positioning the prism position, and then the total station is transferred to the position of the prism, so that a new coordinate system is established according to the original coordinate system. However, the operation of accurately transferring the total station to the position of the prism is troublesome, the existing operation steps are to mark the ground below the prism, then to position the total station according to the mark by using a laser positioner at the bottom of the total station, but the total station needs to be leveled after the positioning, and the laser may deviate after the leveling, so that the positioning is not accurate enough, and then a small position adjustment needs to be made on the fixing frame to align the laser to the mark, so that the operation is complicated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under a complex terrain condition and a construction method thereof, and the device has the effects of simple and convenient operation and accurate positioning.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under a complex terrain condition comprises a total station, a prism, a fixing frame for fixing the total station and a positioning frame for fixing the prism; the positioning frame comprises a positioning disc and positioning legs arranged on the positioning disc along the circumferential direction, a positioning rod and an adjusting mechanism are arranged on the positioning disc, and the adjusting mechanism can adjust the angle between the positioning rod and the positioning disc; the prism is detachably connected to the upper end part of the positioning rod; the fixing frame comprises a fixing disc and fixing legs arranged on the fixing disc along the circumferential direction; the fixed disc is provided with a limiting mechanism, and the limiting mechanism is downwards connected with the upper end of the positioning rod to ensure that the fixed disc is perpendicular to the positioning rod; the limiting mechanism limits the total station placed on the fixed disc upwards, so that the total station and the positioning rod are centered in the vertical direction.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the prism is erected by using the positioning frame, the positioning rod is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism to be vertically and upwards arranged, so that the coordinate is determined by using the prism; when the prism is positioned by using the total station, the prism is detached from the positioning rod, then the total station and the fixing frame are transferred to the upper part of the positioning frame, and the fixing disc can be in a nearly horizontal state by using the mutual matching of the positioning rod and the limiting mechanism, so that the step of roughly adjusting the fixing frame is omitted; then the total station is installed on the fixed disc again, and the total station can be aligned with the positioning rod in the vertical direction after being leveled by using the limiting mechanism, so that a laser positioner at the bottom of the total station can be accurately aligned with the coordinate determined by the prism, the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the accuracy of coordinate conversion is improved; and the positioning frame and the fixing frame are used for double fixation, so that the device can be stably erected on complex terrains such as pits, soft soil and the like.
The invention is further configured to: the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting seat and an adjusting ball which form a universal ball structure; the adjusting seat comprises an upper cover and a base, a rotating cavity matched with the adjusting ball is arranged between the upper cover and the base, an upper movable opening larger than the diameter of the positioning rod is arranged on the upper cover, and the positioning rod is arranged on the adjusting ball and penetrates out of the upper movable opening; an adjusting gap is arranged between the upper cover and the base, so that the upper cover and the base can be close to each other in opposite directions.
By adopting the technical scheme, the positioning rod can be rotationally adjusted relative to the positioning disc after the positioning frame is fixed by utilizing the universal ball structure, so that the positioning rod is adjusted to be vertically and upwards arranged; then the upper cover and the base are close to each other in the opposite direction, the adjusting gap is reduced, so that the adjusting ball is extruded by the upper cover and the base and cannot rotate, and the positioning rod is prevented from being deflected due to external force when the prism is installed.
The invention is further configured to: the upper cover and the base are connected and relatively move through threads, and the threads extend along the axial lead direction of the upper movable opening; and a plurality of turning blocks are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the upper cover along the circumferential direction.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize threaded connection upper cover and base, when will fixing the regulation ball, only need relative base rotate the upper cover screw can, and utilize the turning block more to be convenient for surveying personnel to operate.
The invention is further configured to: a through hole matched with the positioning rod is formed in the diameter of the upper edge of the adjusting ball, and a lower movable opening which is coaxial with the upper movable opening and has the same size with the upper movable opening is formed in the base; the lower end of the positioning rod penetrates through the lower movable opening, and a positioning needle is arranged at the end part of the positioning rod; and a counterweight is arranged at the lower end of the positioning rod.
By adopting the technical scheme, after the positioning frame is erected, the positioning rod can quickly point to the ground vertically and downwards under the action of gravity by using the counterweight, so that the leveling work when the prism is installed is omitted; when the locating lever is vertical, it is fixed with the adjusting ball to recycle upper cover and base, loosens the locating lever after that and makes it do the free fall motion to make the pilot pin vertically insert ground downwards and carry out the benchmark location, be convenient for carry out the leveling again when the locating rack skew, only need with the locating lever vertical pendulum and need not to fix a position again.
The invention is further configured to: one end of the adjusting ball is provided with a fastening sleeve which is coaxial with the through hole, and the outer side of the fastening sleeve is in threaded connection with a tightening nut; the inner diameter of the fastening sleeve is the same as the diameter of the through hole, the outer wall of the fastening sleeve is a circular truncated cone inclined plane inclined towards the axial lead direction, and a tightening notch is axially arranged on the fastening sleeve.
By adopting the technical scheme, when the tightening nut is screwed, the tightening nut gradually extrudes the inclined plane on the outer side of the fastening sleeve, and the tightening gap provides a deformation space, so that the fastening sleeve is folded inwards to extrude the positioning rod, and the effect of fixing the positioning rod is achieved; after the positioning frame is erected, the positioning rod is fastened by using the tightening nut and the fastening sleeve, so that the positioning rod cannot move relative to the adjusting ball, the positioning rod is convenient to swing and position by using the counterweight, and when the positioning rod falls freely, the tightening nut is loosened; and after the positioning rod is inserted into the ground downwards for positioning, the positioning rod is fastened by utilizing the tightening nut, so that the overall stability of the positioning frame is enhanced.
The invention is further configured to: the limiting mechanism comprises a limiting sleeve and a connecting rod, wherein the limiting sleeve is fixed at the bottom of the fixed disc and is perpendicular to the fixed disc, and the connecting rod is connected to the limiting sleeve in a sliding manner along the axial lead of the limiting sleeve; the bottom of the limiting sleeve is provided with a sleeve hole matched with the positioning rod along the axial lead; the fixed disk is provided with a connecting port, and the connecting rod can upwards penetrate through the connecting port to be in threaded connection with the mounting hole in the bottom of the total station.
By adopting the technical scheme, the limiting sleeve is connected with the positioning rod, so that the fixed disc is perpendicular to the positioning rod, and the positioning rod is adjusted to be in a vertical state, so that the fixed disc can be in a horizontal state, and the coarse adjustment work of the fixing frame is omitted; and the base of total powerstation is in the horizontality after placing on the fixed disk equally, then the connecting rod of perpendicular to fixed disk can easily be connected with the mounting hole of total powerstation base bottom, and easy operation is convenient.
The invention is further configured to: the up end of fixed disk is provided with and carries out spacing locating part to the base of total powerstation.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the fixed disk is nearly horizontal under the effect of locating lever, then utilize the locating part to fix a position the total powerstation for the connecting rod can accurately be connected with the mounting hole of total powerstation base bottom, makes the installation simpler, convenient.
The invention is further configured to: the positioning rod and the connecting rod are both of hollow structures; the inside lower extreme of locating lever is provided with centering piece, the lower extreme of locating lever is provided with the viewing aperture in centering piece department.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, utilize the laser locator of total powerstation bottom to launch laser downwards, and laser can shoot on centering piece, observes the position of laser on centering piece through the viewing aperture, carries out centering inspection to total powerstation and locating lever.
The invention is further configured to: the positioning rod is a telescopic rod and comprises an upper rod, a lower rod and a telescopic sleeve arranged between the upper rod and the lower rod; the fixing foot and the positioning foot are both of telescopic structures.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper rod and the lower rod can move relatively along the axial lead by utilizing the telescopic sleeve, so that the telescopic function of the positioning rod is realized; after the total station is transferred, the positioning rod and the positioning foot are retracted and folded, so that the positioning frame can be detached and taken out from the lower part of the fixing frame, the positioning frame can be erected at another place for secondary coordinate conversion, and multiple times of coordinate conversion can be realized.
The invention also discloses a construction method of the measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under the condition of complex terrain, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, an initial coordinate reference position is appointed, a fixed frame is erected at the reference position, coarse adjustment is carried out on the fixed frame, then a total station is fixed on the fixed frame, and the total station is leveled;
step two, a second coordinate reference position is appointed, a positioning frame is erected at the reference position, after the positioning frame is erected, the positioning rod quickly points to the center of the earth vertically and downwards under the action of gravity, the upper cover and the base are used for fixing the adjusting ball, then the tightening nut is loosened, the positioning rod is enabled to do free-fall motion, so that the positioning needle is vertically inserted into the ground downwards for reference positioning, and the tightening nut is tightened for fixing the positioning rod;
fixing the prism to the end part of the positioning rod, and operating the total station to position the prism;
step four, the prism is detached from the positioning rod, the fixing frame is transferred to the upper part of the positioning frame, the limiting sleeve is sleeved on the positioning rod, the fixing disc is perpendicular to the positioning rod, and then the fixing pins are put down for erection;
step four, the total station is installed on the fixed disc again, the connecting rod penetrates upwards through the connecting port to be in threaded connection with the installation hole in the bottom of the total station, then the total station is leveled, the laser positioner is opened, the position of the laser on the centering piece is observed through the observation port, and centering inspection is conducted on the total station and the positioning rod;
fifthly, operating the total station, and establishing a new coordinate system according to the original coordinate system;
step six, retracting the positioning rod and the positioning foot to make the positioning frame be detached from the lower part of the fixing frame;
and step seven, repeating the step two to the step six, and performing coordinate conversion for two times or more.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when carrying out secondary or many times coordinate conversion, because the fixed disk all is in near the horizontality under the effect of locating lever, consequently after the total powerstation is fixed on the fixed disk, only need carry on slight leveling can, the operation is simpler.
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. when the prism is erected by using the positioning frame, the positioning rod is adjusted by the adjusting mechanism to be vertically and upwards arranged, so that the coordinate is determined by using the prism; when the prism is positioned by using the total station, the prism is detached from the positioning rod, then the total station and the fixing frame are transferred to the upper part of the positioning frame, and the fixing disc can be in a nearly horizontal state by using the mutual matching of the positioning rod and the limiting mechanism, so that the step of roughly adjusting the fixing frame is omitted; then the total station is installed on the fixed disc again, and the total station can be aligned with the positioning rod in the vertical direction after being leveled by using the limiting mechanism, so that a laser positioner at the bottom of the total station can be accurately aligned with the coordinate determined by the prism, the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the accuracy of coordinate conversion is improved; the positioning frame and the fixing frame are used for double fixation, so that the device can be stably erected on complex terrains such as pits, soft soil and the like;
2. after the positioning frame is erected, the positioning rod can quickly point to the ground vertically and downwards under the action of gravity by using the counterweight, and the leveling work during installation of the prism is omitted; when the locating lever is vertical, it is fixed with the adjusting ball to recycle upper cover and base, loosens the locating lever after that and makes it do the free fall motion to make the pilot pin vertically insert ground downwards and carry out the benchmark location, be convenient for carry out the leveling again when the locating rack skew, only need with the locating lever vertical pendulum and need not to fix a position again.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the spacer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of the puck of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the positioning rod of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the fastening frame of the present invention;
fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view at a in fig. 4 for showing the centering member and the observation window.
Reference numerals: 1. a total station; 11. a base; 111. mounting holes; 2. a prism; 3. a fixed mount; 31. fixing the disc; 311. a connecting port; 312. a limiting member; 32. a fixing leg; 33. a limiting mechanism; 331. a limiting sleeve; 3311. trepanning; 332. a connecting rod; 4. a positioning frame; 41. positioning a plate; 411. an adjusting seat; 4111. an upper cover; a1, a movable port; a2, adjusting the gap; a3, turning block; 4112. a base; 412. adjusting the ball; 4121. perforating; 4122. fastening sleeves; b. tightening the gap; 4123. tightening the nut; 4124. an extension sleeve; c. a bubble level; 42. a positioning leg; 43. positioning a rod; 431. a rod is arranged; 432. a lower rod; 433. a telescopic sleeve; 4321. a positioning pin; 4322. a counterweight; 4323. a centering member; 4324. a viewing port.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment discloses a measurement and positioning coordinate conversion device under a complex terrain condition, as shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a total station 1, a prism 2, a fixing frame 3 for fixing the total station 1, and a positioning frame 4 for fixing the prism 2, wherein the fixing frame 3 and the positioning frame 4 are both tripods. In the surveying and mapping process, a coordinate system is established through the total station 1, then the positioning frame 4 is placed at a coordinate position needing to be converted, and the total station 1 is utilized to position the position of the prism 2 on the positioning frame 4; then, the prism 2 is dismantled, the fixing frame 3 is erected on the positioning frame 4, the total station 1 is transferred to the original position of the prism 2, and a new coordinate system is established according to the original coordinate system; the double fixation of the positioning frame 4 and the fixing frame 3 allows smooth erection on complex terrains such as pits and soft soil.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the positioning frame 4 includes a positioning plate 41 and three retractable positioning legs 42 uniformly hinged to the positioning plate 41 along the circumferential direction. The positioning disc 41 comprises an adjusting seat 411 and an adjusting ball 412 which form a universal ball structure, the adjusting seat 411 further comprises an upper cover 4111 and a base 4112 which are in threaded connection with each other, and a rotating cavity matched with the adjusting ball 412 is formed between the upper cover 4111 and the base 4112; the adjusting ball 412 is provided with a through hole 4121 along the diameter, a positioning rod 43 penetrates through the through hole 4121, the upper cover 4111 and the base 4112 are respectively provided with a movable opening a1 with an opening diameter larger than the diameter of the positioning rod 43, the two movable openings a1 are arranged with the same axial lead, so that the positioning rod 43 can freely rotate in a small range in the movable opening a1 after penetrating through the through hole 4121, and the prism 2 is in threaded connection with the upper end part of the positioning rod 43, so that the prism 2 can be leveled by adjusting the angle of the positioning rod 43.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a fastening sleeve 4122 coaxial with the through hole 4121 is welded to the lower end of the adjusting ball 412, and a tightening nut 4123 is connected to the outer side of the fastening sleeve 4122 through a thread; the inner diameter of the fastening sleeve 4122 is the same as the diameter of the through hole 4121, the outer diameter is smaller than the opening diameter of the movable opening a1, the outer wall of the fastening sleeve 4122 is a circular truncated cone inclined surface inclined towards the axial lead direction, and four tightening notches b extending along the axial direction are uniformly formed in the fastening sleeve 4122 along the circumferential direction. When the tightening nut 4123 is screwed, the tightening nut 4123 gradually presses the outer side inclined surface of the fastening sleeve 4122, and the tightening notch b provides a deformation space, so that the fastening sleeve 4122 is folded inwards to press the positioning rod 43, thereby achieving the effect of fixing the positioning rod 43.
As shown in fig. 3, an adjustment gap a2 is left between the upper cap 4111 and the base 4112, and the connection thread between the upper cap 4111 and the base 4112 extends along the axial line of the movable port a1, so that the upper cap 4111 and the base 4112 can move toward or away from each other in opposite directions; when the adjusting ball 412 is to be fixed, the upper cap 4111 is rotated relative to the base 4112 to screw tightly, and the adjusting gap a2 is reduced to make the upper cap 4111 and the base 4112 approach each other, so that the adjusting ball 412 is pressed inwards by the upper cap 4111 and the base 4112, and cannot rotate. A plurality of rotating blocks a3 evenly arranged along the circumference are integrally formed on the outer side of the upper cover 4111, and the rotating blocks a3 are used for a surveying and mapping staff to rotate the upper cover 4111.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, a spherical weight 4322 is fixed to a lower end of the positioning rod 43, and a positioning pin 4321 is fixed to an end of the lower end. After the positioning frame 4 is erected, the positioning rod 43 is fastened by using a tightening nut 4123 and a fastening sleeve 4122, so that the positioning rod 43 cannot move relative to the adjusting ball 412, and the positioning rod 43 is quickly, vertically and downwards directed under the action of gravity by using a counterweight 4322, so that the leveling work during installation of the prism 2 (see fig. 1) is omitted; after the positioning rod 43 is vertical, the adjusting ball 412 is fixed by the upper cover 4111 and the base 4112, so that the positioning rod 43 cannot shake; then, the tightening nut 4123 is loosened to enable the positioning rod 43 to do free-falling body movement, so that the positioning needle 4321 is vertically inserted into the ground downwards to perform reference positioning, the leveling is conveniently performed again when the positioning frame 4 deviates, and the positioning rod 43 only needs to be vertically aligned without performing positioning again; after the positioning rod 43 is inserted into the ground for positioning, the positioning rod 43 is fastened by the tightening nut 4123, so that the overall stability of the positioning frame 4 is enhanced.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, an extension sleeve 4124 is welded to the upper end of the adjusting ball 412, the extension sleeve 4124 has an inner diameter equal to that of the through hole 4121 and an outer diameter smaller than the opening diameter of the movable opening a1, and a bubble level c perpendicular to the positioning rod 43 is fixedly connected to the top end of the extension sleeve 4124. When adjusting the positioning rod 43, it is possible to monitor whether or not the positioning rod 43 is in the vertical state using the bubble level meter c.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, the fixing frame 3 includes a fixing plate 31 and three retractable fixing legs 32 uniformly hinged to the fixing plate 31 along a circumferential direction. The fixed disc 31 is provided with a limiting mechanism 33, and the limiting mechanism 33 comprises a limiting sleeve 331 fixed at the center of the bottom of the fixed disc 31 and a connecting rod 332 connected to the limiting sleeve 331 in a sliding manner along the axial lead of the limiting sleeve 331; the limiting sleeve 331 is perpendicular to the fixed disc 31, and the bottom of the limiting sleeve 331 is provided with a sleeve hole 3311 matched with the upper end part of the positioning rod 43 along the axial lead; a connecting port 311 is formed in the middle of fixed disk 31, and connecting rod 332 can penetrate through connecting port 311 upwards to be in threaded connection with mounting hole 111 at the bottom of base 11 of total station 1. When the fixing frame 3 is erected on the positioning frame 4, the limiting sleeve 331 is sleeved on the positioning rod 43, so that the fixed disc 31 is perpendicular to the positioning rod 43, and the positioning rod 43 is adjusted to be in a vertical state, so that the fixed disc 31 can be in a horizontal state, and the rough adjustment work of the fixing frame 3 is omitted.
As shown in fig. 1 and 5, three limiting members 312 capable of limiting the position of the base 11 of the total station 1 are integrally formed on the upper end surface of the fixed plate 31, and since the base 11 of the total station 1 is placed on the fixed plate 31 and is also close to a horizontal state, the total station 1 is positioned by the limiting members 312, so that the connecting rod 332 perpendicular to the fixed plate 31 can be accurately connected with the mounting hole 111 at the bottom of the base 11 of the total station 1, and the total station 1 and the positioning rod 43 are centered in the vertical direction, which is simple and convenient to operate and accurate in positioning.
As shown in fig. 1 and 6, a laser locator is generally installed at the bottom of the existing total station 1, and since the leveling angle of the total station 1 is small, laser can vertically and downwardly penetrate through the installation hole 111 on the base 11 to be emitted, the positioning rod 43 and the connecting rod 332 (see fig. 5) are both hollow structures, a centering member 4323 is fixed in the lower end of the positioning rod 43, and a positioning mark is arranged on the centering member 4323, so that the laser can vertically and downwardly irradiate on the positioning mark of the centering member 4323; an observation port 4324 is formed in the centering piece 4323 of the positioning rod 43, and glass is mounted on the observation port 4324, so that an operator can observe the position of the laser on the centering piece 4323 through the observation port 4324, and perform centering inspection on the total station 1 and the positioning rod 43.
As shown in fig. 2 and 4, the positioning rod 43 is a telescopic rod, and includes an upper rod 431, a lower rod 432, and a telescopic tube 433 sleeved between the upper rod 431 and the lower rod 432; the two ends of the telescopic tube 433 are both structured to tighten or loosen the positioning rod 43 in the same way as the tightening nut 4123 and the fastening sleeve 4122. The telescopic sleeve 433 is utilized to enable the upper rod 431 and the lower rod 432 to move relatively along the axial lead, so that the telescopic function of the positioning rod 43 is realized; after the total station 1 is transferred, the positioning rod 43 and the positioning foot 42 are retracted and retracted, so that the positioning frame 4 can be detached from the lower part of the fixing frame 3, and the positioning frame 4 can be erected at another place to perform secondary coordinate conversion, and multiple times of coordinate conversion can also be realized.
The embodiment also discloses a construction method of the measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under the complex terrain condition, which comprises the following steps:
step one, an initial coordinate reference position is appointed, a fixed frame 3 is erected at the reference position, coarse adjustment is carried out on the fixed frame 3, then a total station 1 is fixed on the fixed frame 3, and the total station 1 is leveled;
step two, a second coordinate reference position is appointed, a positioning frame 4 is erected at the reference position, after the positioning frame 4 is erected, the positioning rod 43 quickly points to the center of the earth vertically and downwards under the action of gravity, then the upper cover 4111 and the base 4112 are used for fixing the adjusting ball 412, then the tightening nut 4123 is loosened, the positioning rod 43 is made to move freely, so that the positioning needle 4321 is vertically inserted into the ground downwards for reference positioning, and the tightening nut 4123 is tightened for fixing the positioning rod 43;
fixing the prism 2 to the end part of the positioning rod 43, and operating the total station 1 to position the prism 2;
step four, the prism 2 is detached from the positioning rod 43, the fixing frame 3 is transferred to the position above the positioning frame 4, the limiting sleeve 331 is sleeved on the positioning rod 43, the fixing disc 31 is perpendicular to the positioning rod 43, and then the fixing foot 32 is put down for erection;
step five, mounting the total station 1 on the fixed disc 31 again, enabling the connecting rod 332 to upwards penetrate through the connecting port 311 to be in threaded connection with the mounting hole 111 at the bottom of the total station 1, leveling the total station 1, opening the laser positioner, observing the position of the laser on the centering piece 4323 through the observation port 4324, and performing centering inspection on the total station 1 and the positioning rod 43;
sixthly, operating the total station 1, and establishing a new coordinate system according to the original coordinate system;
step seven, retracting the positioning rod 43 and the positioning foot 42 to enable the positioning frame 4 to be detached from the lower part of the fixing frame 3;
and step eight, repeating the step two to the step six, and performing coordinate conversion for two times or more.
In summary, when the coordinate conversion is performed twice or many times, since the fixed disk 31 is in a nearly horizontal state under the action of the positioning rod 43, only fine leveling is needed after the total station 1 is fixed on the fixed disk 31, and the operation is simpler.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present invention, and it is not limited to the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A measuring and positioning coordinate conversion device under a complex terrain condition comprises a total station (1), a prism (2), a fixing frame (3) for fixing the total station (1), and a positioning frame (4) for fixing the prism (2); the method is characterized in that: the positioning frame (4) comprises a positioning disc (41) and positioning legs (42) arranged on the positioning disc (41) along the circumferential direction, a positioning rod (43) and an adjusting mechanism are arranged on the positioning disc (41), and the adjusting mechanism can adjust the angle between the positioning rod (43) and the positioning disc (41); the prism (2) is detachably connected to the upper end part of the positioning rod (43); the fixing frame (3) comprises a fixing disc (31) and fixing feet (32) arranged on the fixing disc (31) along the circumferential direction; the fixed disc (31) is provided with a limiting mechanism (33), and the limiting mechanism (33) is downwards connected with the upper end of the positioning rod (43) to ensure that the fixed disc (31) is perpendicular to the positioning rod (43); the limiting mechanism (33) limits the total station (1) placed on the fixed disc (31) upwards, so that the total station (1) and the positioning rod (43) are centered in the vertical direction.
2. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the adjusting mechanism comprises an adjusting seat (411) and an adjusting ball (412) which form a universal ball structure; the adjusting seat (411) comprises an upper cover (4111) and a base (4112), a rotating cavity matched with the adjusting ball (412) is arranged between the upper cover (4111) and the base (4112), an upper moving port (a1) larger than the diameter of the positioning rod (43) is arranged on the upper cover (4111), and the positioning rod (43) is arranged on the adjusting ball (412) and penetrates out of the upper moving port (a 1); be provided with between upper cover (4111) and base (4112) and adjust clearance (a2), make upper cover (4111) and base (4112) can the relative direction be close to.
3. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: the upper cover (4111) and the base (4112) are connected and relatively moved through threads, and the threads extend along the axial lead direction of the upper movable opening (a 1); the outer side of the upper cover (4111) is uniformly provided with a plurality of rotating blocks (a3) along the circumferential direction.
4. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein: a through hole (4121) matched with the positioning rod (43) is formed in the adjusting ball (412) along the diameter, and a lower movable opening (a1) which is coaxial with the upper movable opening (a1) and has the same size is formed in the base (4112); the lower end of the positioning rod (43) penetrates through the lower movable opening (a1) and a positioning needle (4321) is arranged at the end part; the lower end of the positioning rod (43) is provided with a counterweight (4322).
5. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: one end of the adjusting ball (412) is provided with a fastening sleeve (4122) which is coaxial with the through hole (4121), and the outer side of the fastening sleeve (4122) is in threaded connection with a tightening nut (4123); the inner diameter of the fastening sleeve (4122) is the same as the diameter of the through hole (4121), the outer wall of the fastening sleeve (4122) is a circular truncated cone inclined surface inclined towards the axial lead direction, and a tightening notch (b) is formed in the fastening sleeve (4122) in the axial direction.
6. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting mechanism (33) comprises a limiting sleeve (331) which is fixed at the bottom of the fixed disc (31) and is perpendicular to the fixed disc (31), and a connecting rod (332) which is connected to the limiting sleeve (331) in a sliding manner along the axial lead of the limiting sleeve (331); the bottom of the limiting sleeve (331) is provided with a sleeve hole (3311) matched with the positioning rod (43) along the axial lead; a connecting port (311) is arranged on the fixed disc (31), and the connecting rod (332) can upwards penetrate through the connecting port (311) to be in threaded connection with a mounting hole (111) in the bottom of the total station (1).
7. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the upper end face of the fixed disc (31) is provided with a limiting piece (312) capable of limiting a base (11) of the total station (1).
8. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the positioning rod (43) and the connecting rod (332) are both hollow structures; the inner lower end of the positioning rod (43) is provided with a centering piece (4323), and the lower end of the positioning rod (43) is provided with an observation port (4324) at the centering piece (4323).
9. The measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the positioning rod (43) is a telescopic rod and comprises an upper rod (431), a lower rod (432) and a telescopic sleeve (433) arranged between the upper rod (431) and the lower rod (432); the fixing foot (32) and the positioning foot (42) are both of telescopic structures.
10. A construction method of the measurement positioning coordinate conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, an initial coordinate reference position is appointed, a fixing frame (3) is erected at the reference position, coarse adjustment is carried out on the fixing frame (3), then a total station (1) is fixed on the fixing frame (3), and the total station (1) is leveled;
step two, a second coordinate reference position is appointed, a positioning frame (4) is erected at the second coordinate reference position, after the positioning frame (4) is erected, the positioning rod (43) quickly points to the earth center vertically and downwards under the action of gravity, then the upper cover (4111) and the base (4112) are utilized to fix the adjusting ball (412), then the tightening nut (4123) is loosened, the positioning rod (43) is enabled to move in a free falling mode, so that the positioning needle (4321) is vertically inserted into the ground downwards for reference positioning, and the tightening nut (4123) is screwed to fix the positioning rod (43);
fixing the prism (2) to the end part of the positioning rod (43), and operating the total station (1) to position the prism (2);
step four, the prism (2) is detached from the positioning rod (43), the fixing frame (3) is transferred to the upper part of the positioning frame (4), the limiting sleeve (331) is sleeved on the positioning rod (43), the fixing disc (31) and the positioning rod (43) are perpendicular to each other, and then the fixing foot (32) is put down for erection;
fourthly, the total station (1) is installed on the fixed disc (31) again, the connecting rod (332) upwards penetrates through the connecting port (311) to be in threaded connection with the installation hole (111) in the bottom of the total station (1), then the total station (1) is leveled, the laser positioner is opened, the position of the laser on the centering piece (4323) is observed through the observation port (4324), and centering inspection is conducted on the total station (1) and the positioning rod (43);
fifthly, operating the total station (1) and establishing a new coordinate system according to the original coordinate system;
sixthly, retracting the positioning rod (43) and the positioning foot (42) to enable the positioning frame (4) to be detached from the lower part of the fixing frame (3) and taken out;
and step seven, repeating the step two to the step six, and performing coordinate conversion for two times or more.
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