CN109161762A - A kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance - Google Patents
A kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109161762A CN109161762A CN201811217699.1A CN201811217699A CN109161762A CN 109161762 A CN109161762 A CN 109161762A CN 201811217699 A CN201811217699 A CN 201811217699A CN 109161762 A CN109161762 A CN 109161762A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
- C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel flame-retardant and with the magnesium alloy and its processing technology of high heat-transfer performance.According to weight percent, the ingredient of the alloy are as follows: P:0.2-0.4wt.%, Li:0.4-0.6wt.%, In:3.0-4.2wt.%, Re:0.3-0.5wt.%, Co:4.0-5.0wt.%, Ta:0.4-0.6wt.%, Ge:1.0-2.0wt.%, Al:6.0-8.0wt.%, surplus are magnesium.The material provides the fire-retardant scheme for causing magnesium alloy to burn due to friction or outer fire heating.It is contemplated that the implementation and industrialization of the alloy can push significantly China in light-weighted field to the business demand of antiflaming magnesium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, being related to a kind of magnesium alloy.
Background technique
With the continuous development of modern science and technology, the consumption of metal material is growing day by day, and metallic mineral resources gradually tend to be withered
It exhausts.Magnesium is one of the most abundant element of reserves on the earth, is 2.3% in the resource content of veneer of crust metallic ore, occupies common gold
The 4th belonged to.Magnesium alloy density is about 2/3rds of aluminium alloy, and less than the half of titanium alloy, lightweight is with the obvious advantage.It should
The feature of alloy maximum is that intensity height, impact resistance, good heat dissipation, dimensionally stable and elasticity modulus are big, absorbs impact load-carrying ability ratio
Aluminium alloy is strong.These characteristics keep magnesium alloy application field very extensive, such as communications and transportation, electronics industry, military project field.
By feat of speed is fast, low energy consumption, the design feature of amenity, high-speed rail is in modern transportation means in occupation of extremely
Important position.In order to guarantee the optimization of these aspect characteristics, train lightweight is very important technology, thus magnesium alloy exists
There is critically important purposes in high-speed rail field.Currently, the high-speed rail of multiple countries such as France, Japan, China, is largely being closed using magnesium
Gold production components, become the light-weighted critical material of bullet train.
However, magnesium alloy be used as rotary part when, be easy to happen magnesium kindling, such case mainly by rotating vane with start
Wall friction leads to vane tip local heating and causes in box body.Because the characteristics of magnesium first is that the oxidation generated at high temperature
Magnesium can not form one layer of fine and close protective film in Mg alloy surface.So magnesium and aluminium are different, cannot be protected with oxidation film
Oneself, is extremely easy burning at high temperature.Magnesium alloy fire hazards are huge, will cause extremely heavy loss.Magnesium fire is once
Occur, develop in the air-flow environment of high temperature, high pressure and high speed in fission formula, the components sustained combustion time is no more than 20s, difficult
To take effective fire suppression measures, part scaling loss or burn-through are caused, or even burns entire mechanical device.Therefore, it thoroughly eradicates
Magnesium fire has become the major issue of whole world concern, and scholars have actively developed the research of magnesium alloy flame-proof technology in recent years.
Traditionally, the combustion problem that solve magnesium alloy needs to start in terms of three :(a) alloying is carried out, so that in magnesium
The oxide that the forward position of alloy melting forms covering effect carrys out the contact of starvation.In general, being currently by being closed in magnesium
Add what Ca member was usually realized in gold.CaO the and MgO covering formed in oxidation process can play fire-retardant effect.(b) it improves
The heating conduction of magnesium alloy, when so that magnesium alloy is on fire not yet by friction, heat can be distributed quickly, from
And a possibility that reducing magnesium alloy kindling.It can only be risen for the very big element of this mentality of designing activity this for magnesium alloy
To the effect of auxiliary.(c) lower the generation heat of magnesium alloy oxide by the method for alloying, that is, reduce magnesium alloy oxygen
The heat released when change.In view of the activity of magnesium alloy, this design concept can only also play certain booster action, without
Magnesium fire can be completely eliminated.
With the Magnesium Alloy Industry stable development of China, the application of magnesium material expands year by year.Not in particular with every profession and trade technology
Disconnected to update, equipment develops to enlargement, automation, serialization and lightweight direction, and the application range of magnesium material increases year by year with quantity
Add.Simultaneously with the increase of the operating power of every field machinery, it is desirable that magnesium alloy has the demand of more excellent fire-retardancy
Also more more and more urgent.In view of the application field and usage amount of magnesium alloy, it may be said that the development and application of novel magnesium alloy material,
Represent a national scientific and technological level to a certain extent.The magnesium alloy resource in China has been developed and utilized with particularly significant
Realistic meaning.Predictably magnesium alloy can show more extensive application prospect in industrial circle and national defence.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiency in the prior art, provides a kind of novel flame-retardant and the magnesium with high heat-transfer performance
Alloy and its processing technology.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As P:0.2-0.4wt.%, Li:0.4-0.6wt.%, In:3.0-4.2wt.%, Re:0.3-0.5wt.%, Co:4.0-
5.0wt.%, Ta:0.4-0.6wt.%, Ge:1.0-2.0wt.%, Al:6.0-8.0wt.%, surplus are magnesium.
A kind of above-mentioned novel flame-retardant and with high heat-transfer performance magnesium alloy and its processing technology, include the following steps: by
As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide crucible.Induction heating is formed to 760 degree
Alloy melt, and be sufficiently stirred 12 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy melt is stood 12 minutes in 760 degree of heat preservations
After be cast in waterglass or graphite jig and carry out casting and forming.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, per pass
Rolling lower amount is 3-4%.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, technique are as follows: 320 degree of heat preservations
1.4 hours.Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling are as follows: vacuum solid solution handles 350 degree and keeps the temperature 2.0 hours；Vacuum aging processing
170 degree keep the temperature 1.2 hours.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) under harsh working environment, magnesium alloy will first be fired by the situation of external friction sharply or outer fire
It burns, forms magnesium fire.For flame-retardant alloy design, improves the thermal conductivity of alloy and reduce the generation heat of the alloyed oxide all
It is fire-retardant supplementary means, the burning of magnesium alloy can not be inherently eliminated.And influence magnesium alloy flame-proof performance it is most important because
Element is exactly to form the effective protection film that oxygen and magnesium alloy can be stopped to contact in alloy surface.Traditionally, antiflaming magnesium alloy
Design is to form the composite oxide layer of CaO and MgO in oxidation by the way that Ca element is added to stop the diffusion of oxygen.But
The protective layer that CaO and MgO are formed substantially is still that solid oxide particle is dispersed in Serum Magnesium surface and causes diffusion barrier
Layer, is substantially still loose immanent structure.As increasingly harshness, all trades and professions of magnesium alloy operating condition have increasing need for one
The highly efficient magnesium alloy flame-proof design method of kind.The antiflaming magnesium alloy of present patent application protection uses a kind of substantially complete
Different fire-retardant mode, by low melting point oxide layer the connecing come abundant starvation for generating one layer of liquid in Mg alloy surface
Touching is a kind of innovation substantially compared with traditional CaO and MgO loose solid-oxide protective layer constituted.
(2) basic ideas of this patent be after solid Magnesium Alloy temperature is increased to certain temperature, it is some in magnesium alloy
It is present in Grain-Boundary Phase or element occurs to melt and be oxidized the oxide melt for generating low melting point.The oxide of these low melting points
Melt is sprawled due to having extremely excellent surface tension in Mg alloy surface, and the separation layer of liquid is formd, by oxygen and
Magnesium alloy substrate isolation is opened.These low melting point liquid oxygen compounds can subtract due to acting as the effect of lubricant in Mg alloy surface
Small frictional heat generation, simultaneously because shielding the inhibit magnesium alloy burning with contacting with effect of oxygen and magnesium alloy.Because
The dry friction of Mg alloy surface becomes the friction of liquid phase lubrication under higher temperatures, so drastically reducing frictional work and frictional heat generation
Amount.This design method can not only substantially reduce alloying element usage amount, while obtaining extraordinary mechanical property also
Extraordinary flame retardant effect can be obtained.
(3) during solidification, the alloying element with higher melt will form first analyses the magnesium alloy of this patent design
It is mutually precipitated from melt, is then precipitated between dendrite or between high-melting-point phase interface along with the solid phase of low melting point out.?
After cold working or hot-working after magnesium alloy cast, these low melting points are met forms the structure of network in magnesium alloy substrate,
And in the matrix of magnesium alloy.In the then magnesium alloy temperature-rise period as caused by friction or outer fire, these low melting points
It meets and oxidation at first occurs, and form low melting point oxide melt.The low melting point oxide melt is by Li2O, P2O5And In2O3
It forms, wherein Li2O and In2O3It is basic anhydride, P2O5Belong to acidic oxide.These alkalinity and acidic oxide can also structures
At compound complex compound, thus there can be extremely low fusing point.The fusing point of the magnesium alloy is 510-590 degree, and shape after surface oxidation
At low melting point oxide melting range be 230-310 degree.Fusing point due to the temperature well below magnesium alloy, thus it is a small amount of
These low melting point products can reach necessary flame retardant effect.
(4) alloy has wider solid liquid phase solidification temperature range, is enable to oxidation and fire-retardant alloy member
Element can be adequately gathered in crystal boundary network-like structure, to establish structure basis for the fire-retardant of magnesium alloy.In addition, the conjunction
Fitting has the advantages that excellent mobility, filling capacity is good, and shrinkage cavity tendency is small.Hot cracking tendency is small in casting process, and heat adds
The technical characterstic of high yield rate after work and cold working.The material other than with excellent flame retardant property also there is traditional magnesium to close
The mechanical property of gold: elasticity modulus 58-64GPa, yield strength 102-124MPa, tensile strength 140-160MPa prolong
Stretching rate is 10-12%.And the high heat transfer property that there is traditional magnesium alloy not have: thermal conductivity is 125-148W/m ﹒ K, traditional magnesium
Lithium alloy is 80W/m ﹒ K or so.While guaranteeing common magnesium alloy mechanical property, the heat transfer coefficient of alloy can be improved
50% or so.So that alloy is being 100 degree hereinafter, and needing device lightweight and the demanding occasion of flame retardant property using temperature
There is further concrete application, convenient for the extensive equipment of industrialization.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As P:0.2wt.%, Li:0.4wt.%, In:3.0wt.%, Re:0.3wt.%, Co:4.0wt.%, Ta:0.4wt.%, Ge:
1.0wt.%, Al:6.0wt.%, surplus are magnesium.A kind of above-mentioned novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing with high heat-transfer performance
Technique includes the following steps: that the raw material that will as above match is added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide earthenware
Crucible.Induction heating forms alloy melt to 760 degree, and is sufficiently stirred 12 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy is melted
Body is cast in waterglass or graphite jig after 760 degree of heat preservations stand 12 minutes and carries out casting and forming.By ingot casting in room temperature
Lower carry out deformation process, amount is 3-4% under rolling per pass.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate and add
Work hardening, technique are as follows: 320 degree of 1.4 hours of heat preservation.Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling are as follows: vacuum solid solution handles 350 degree of guarantors
Temperature 2.0 hours；Vacuum aging handles 170 degree and keeps the temperature 1.2 hours.
The alloy after cold working or hot-working, meet and form the structure of network in magnesium alloy substrate by low melting point, and
In the matrix of magnesium alloy.In the then magnesium alloy temperature-rise period as caused by friction or outer fire, these low melting point phases
Oxidation at first can occur, and form low melting point oxide melt.The fusing point of the magnesium alloy is 520-560 degree, and surface oxidation
The melting range of the low melting point oxide formed afterwards is 235-258 degree.Fusing point due to the temperature well below magnesium alloy, thus
These a small amount of low melting point products can reach necessary flame retardant effect.The material other than with excellent flame retardant property,
Mechanical property also with traditional magnesium alloy: elasticity modulus 60GPa, yield strength 110MPa, tensile strength 152MPa,
Elongation percentage is 11%.And the high heat transfer property that there is traditional magnesium alloy not have: thermal conductivity is 130W/m ﹒ K, and traditional magnesium lithium closes
Gold is 80W/m ﹒ K or so.
Embodiment 2
A kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As P:0.4wt.%, Li:0.6wt.%, In:4.2wt.%, Re:0.5wt.%, Co:5.0wt.%, Ta:0.6wt.%, Ge:
2.0wt.%, Al:8.0wt.%, surplus are magnesium.A kind of above-mentioned novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing with high heat-transfer performance
Technique includes the following steps: that the raw material that will as above match is added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide earthenware
Crucible.Induction heating forms alloy melt to 760 degree, and is sufficiently stirred 12 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy is melted
Body is cast in waterglass or graphite jig after 760 degree of heat preservations stand 12 minutes and carries out casting and forming.By ingot casting in room temperature
Lower carry out deformation process, amount is 3-4% under rolling per pass.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate and add
Work hardening, technique are as follows: 320 degree of 1.4 hours of heat preservation.Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling are as follows: vacuum solid solution handles 350 degree of guarantors
Temperature 2.0 hours；Vacuum aging handles 170 degree and keeps the temperature 1.2 hours.
The alloy after cold working or hot-working, meet and form the structure of network in magnesium alloy substrate by low melting point, and
In the matrix of magnesium alloy.In the then magnesium alloy temperature-rise period as caused by friction or outer fire, these low melting point phases
Oxidation at first can occur, and form low melting point oxide melt.The fusing point of the magnesium alloy is 540-580 degree, and surface oxidation
The melting range of the low melting point oxide formed afterwards is 250-300 degree.Fusing point due to the temperature well below magnesium alloy, thus
These a small amount of low melting point products can reach necessary flame retardant effect.The material other than with excellent flame retardant property,
Mechanical property also with traditional magnesium alloy: elasticity modulus 61GPa, yield strength 108MPa, tensile strength 145MPa,
Elongation percentage is 11%.And the high heat transfer property that there is traditional magnesium alloy not have: thermal conductivity is 128W/m ﹒ K, and traditional magnesium lithium closes
Gold is 80W/m ﹒ K or so.
Embodiment 3
A kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance.By weight percentage, the group of alloy
As P:0.3wt.%, Li:0.5wt.%, In:3.8wt.%, Re:0.4wt.%, Co:4.2wt.%, Ta:0.5wt.%, Ge:
1.2wt.%, Al:6.4wt.%, surplus are magnesium.A kind of above-mentioned novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing with high heat-transfer performance
Technique includes the following steps: that the raw material that will as above match is added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and uses silicon carbide earthenware
Crucible.Induction heating forms alloy melt to 760 degree, and is sufficiently stirred 12 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect.Alloy is melted
Body is cast in waterglass or graphite jig after 760 degree of heat preservations stand 12 minutes and carries out casting and forming.By ingot casting in room temperature
Lower carry out deformation process, amount is 3-4% under rolling per pass.Every 3 passes need to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate and add
Work hardening, technique are as follows: 320 degree of 1.4 hours of heat preservation.Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling are as follows: vacuum solid solution handles 350 degree of guarantors
Temperature 2.0 hours；Vacuum aging handles 170 degree and keeps the temperature 1.2 hours.
The alloy after cold working or hot-working, meet and form the structure of network in magnesium alloy substrate by low melting point, and
In the matrix of magnesium alloy.In the then magnesium alloy temperature-rise period as caused by friction or outer fire, these low melting point phases
Oxidation at first can occur, and form low melting point oxide melt.The fusing point of the magnesium alloy is 515-560 degree, and surface oxidation
The melting range of the low melting point oxide formed afterwards is 238-254 degree.Fusing point due to the temperature well below magnesium alloy, thus
These a small amount of low melting point products can reach necessary flame retardant effect.The material other than with excellent flame retardant property,
Mechanical property also with traditional magnesium alloy: elasticity modulus 61GPa, yield strength 115MPa, tensile strength 145MPa,
Elongation percentage is 10%.And the high heat transfer property that there is traditional magnesium alloy not have: thermal conductivity is 145W/m ﹒ K, and traditional magnesium lithium closes
Gold is 80W/m ﹒ K or so.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance；According to weight percent, the alloy
Ingredient are as follows: P:0.2-0.4wt.%, Li:0.4-0.6wt.%, In:3.0-4.2wt.%, Re:0.3-0.5wt.%, Co:4.0-
5.0wt.%,Ta:0.4-
0.6wt.%, Ge:1.0-2.0wt.%, Al:6.0-8.0wt.%, surplus are magnesium.
2. a kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance according to claim 1, special
Sign is to include following smelting step: the raw material as above matched being added in the electric induction furnace of argon gas protection, and using carbonization
Silica crucible；Induction heating forms alloy melt to 760 degree, and is sufficiently stirred 12 minutes or so using electromagnetic agitation effect；It will close
Golden melt is cast in waterglass or graphite jig after 760 degree of heat preservations stand 12 minutes and carries out casting and forming.
3. a kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance according to claim 1, special
Sign is comprising following procedure of processing: ingot casting being carried out deformation process at room temperature, amount is 3-4% under rolling per pass；Every 3
Secondary rolling needs to carry out an intermediate heat-treatment to eliminate processing hardening, technique are as follows: 320 degree of 1.4 hours of heat preservation；After rolling
Final Heat Treatment Process are as follows: vacuum solid solution handles 350 degree and keeps the temperature 2.0 hours；Vacuum aging handles 170 degree and keeps the temperature 1.2 hours.
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| CN201811217699.1A CN109161762A (en) | 2018-10-18 | 2018-10-18 | A kind of novel flame-retardant and magnesium alloy and its processing technology with high heat-transfer performance |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997040202A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-10-30 | Hyundai Motor Company | Magnesium alloy for a high pressure casting and process for the preparation thereof |
| CN105039828A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-11 | 张加中 | Preparation method for stable alloy |
| CN107502799A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-22 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | One kind has the single-phase α magnesium lithium alloys of high thermal conductivity and its processing technology |
| CN107523724A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-29 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | Magnesium lithium alloy and its processing technology with high thermal conductivity alpha+beta containing two-phase |
| CN107868896A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-04-03 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | A kind of Mg Li V alloys and its processing technology with anti-flammability |
| CN108034874A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-15 | 上海电机学院 | A kind of magnesium-rare earth containing molybdenum-rhenium and preparation method thereof |
| WO2018154124A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | Innomaq 21, S.L. | Method for the economic manufacture of light components |
-
2018
- 2018-10-18 CN CN201811217699.1A patent/CN109161762A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1997040202A1 (en) * | 1996-04-25 | 1997-10-30 | Hyundai Motor Company | Magnesium alloy for a high pressure casting and process for the preparation thereof |
| CN105039828A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-11 | 张加中 | Preparation method for stable alloy |
| WO2018154124A1 (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2018-08-30 | Innomaq 21, S.L. | Method for the economic manufacture of light components |
| CN107502799A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2017-12-22 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | One kind has the single-phase α magnesium lithium alloys of high thermal conductivity and its processing technology |
| CN107523724A (en) * | 2017-09-11 | 2017-12-29 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | Magnesium lithium alloy and its processing technology with high thermal conductivity alpha+beta containing two-phase |
| CN107868896A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-04-03 | 广州宇智科技有限公司 | A kind of Mg Li V alloys and its processing technology with anti-flammability |
| CN108034874A (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-05-15 | 上海电机学院 | A kind of magnesium-rare earth containing molybdenum-rhenium and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190108 |