CN107475575A - Al Li Mn alloys with fire retardancy - Google Patents
Al Li Mn alloys with fire retardancy Download PDFInfo
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- CN107475575A CN107475575A CN201710954621.7A CN201710954621A CN107475575A CN 107475575 A CN107475575 A CN 107475575A CN 201710954621 A CN201710954621 A CN 201710954621A CN 107475575 A CN107475575 A CN 107475575A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Al Li Mn aluminium lithium alloys and its processing technology during melting between 700 800 degree with fire resistance energy.By weight percentage, the chemical composition of alloy is：Li:2.0‑6.0wt.%,Mn:1.0‑3.0wt.%,Sr:2.0‑6.0wt.%,Ba:1.0‑2.0wt.%,Sc:1.0‑2.0wt.%,Pr:0.1‑0.8wt.%,Tb:0.2 0.4wt.%, B:1.0 2.0wt.%, surplus are aluminium.The present situation that this patent is directed to aluminium lithium alloy under current high temperature and needs protect melting provides a kind of solution of novel materials.Change the type of the oxide-film of bath surface generation and nitride film, composition and content by screening alloying element.During being stirred to melt, the melt treatment such as blow, after its skin covering of the surface is because being stirred vigorously destroyed, rapid regeneration is remained to, successfully hinders the oxidizing fire of alloy.Gained alloy surface oxide-film and nitride film have extraordinary plasticity and viscosity, intactly can sprawl and cover alloy surface, effectively stop in oxygen intrusion aluminium alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of alloy, specifically, is related to a kind of aluminium lithium alloy.
Background technology
Li is most light metallic element, and aluminium lithium alloy is formed when adding in aluminium.1wt.% Li is often added, can be made
Aluminium alloy density reduces by 3%, and modulus improves 6%.Aluminium lithium alloy has the characteristics that compared with other alloy materials：(1) density
It is small.The density of aluminium lithium alloy is close to 2.3-2.4g/cm3, about the 1/3 of iron or copper.(2) intensity is high.By a certain degree of cold
Processing can strengthen aluminium lithium alloy, and part aluminium lithium alloy can also carry out intensive treatment by being heat-treated.(3) good conductivity.Aluminium lithium
The electric conductivity of alloy is only second to silver, copper and gold.(4) corrosion resistance is good.The surface of aluminium lithium alloy easily generates one layer of fine and close jail naturally
Solid alumina protective layer, well matrix can be protected not corroded.(5) easy processing.After adding certain alloying element, it can obtain
Obtain the Casting Al-Li Alloy of good casting character or the deformation aluminium lithium alloy that working plasticity is good.
Aluminium lithium alloy is mainly the loss of weight of aircraft and aerospace equipment and developed, therefore is also mainly used in aviation boat
In terms of its field, used by nuclear reactor material, tank armor-piercing bullet, torpedo and other weapons structural members, led in addition in automobile, robot etc.
Also there is abundant utilization in domain.Aluminium lithium alloy uses on military aircraft, seating plane and helicopter, be mainly used in fuselage ring,
Hatch door, fuel tank etc..In addition, the fuselage skin of aircraft, stringer, joist, seat slide, boundary beam, floor level support
The parts such as column also use aluminium lithium alloy, and its housing construction weight accounting reaches 7.4%, obtain the income of comprehensive loss of weight 7%.Typically
For, if substituting traditional aluminium alloy to manufacture aircraft using advanced aluminium lithium alloy, architecture quality can mitigate 14.6%, fuel section
5.4% is saved, aircraft cost declines 2.1%, and 2.2% will be reduced per the annual flight expense of airplane.If fighter plane quality mitigates 15%,
Aircraft ground run distance 15% can then be shortened, increase voyage 20%, improve payload 30%.Therefore, aluminium lithium alloy is developed, in aviation
Space flight and national defence have great importance.
Lithium due to be easy to the oxygen in air and nitrogen reaction generation compound and produce burning and blast, thus aluminium lithium close
The key of golden smelting process is exactly fire-retardant.The anti-flaming of aluminium lithium alloy uses flux protection earliest, typically using low melting point
Villaumite.But because its density is big, can constantly it be settled with the extension of time, therefore covering effect can not be lasting.Portion of flux conduct
Slag, which remains in, forms field trash in aluminium alloy, drop low-alloyed mechanical property.Gas shield is that foreign countries currently generally use
Anti- burning method, conventional gas are SF6.But SF6 is a kind of gas of very strong generation greenhouse effects, in the mankind to environmental quality
Again just to reduce today of greenhouse effects and unremitting effort, SF6 protection melting techniques receive huge choose for close examination and the whole world
War.
It is to reach fire-retardant purpose by the method for alloying to solve the most advanced approach that aluminium lithium alloy burns in melting.Institute
Fire-retardant aluminium lithium alloy is called, that is, refers to the method by alloying, aluminium lithium alloy is automatically generated in fusion process in bath surface
The oxide-film of protective, prevent further oxidation, the burning of melt.But as a kind of structural material, only there is melting
When fire resistance can far can not meet requirement, it is often more important that final aluminium lithium alloy product will also possess order simultaneously
The mechanical strength of people's satisfaction, the mechanical property that can at least reach conventional aluminium lithium alloy are horizontal.It is relatively early to have been reported that, in aluminium lithium alloy
Middle addition Be and Ca can significantly improve the antioxygenic property of aluminium lithium alloy, but Be has severe toxicity, and excessive Ca can seriously damage aluminium
The mechanical property of lithium alloy, it significantly limit the industrial applications of Be and Ca in fire-retardant aluminium lithium alloy.
The invention provides a kind of Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithiums between 700-800 degree with fire resistance energy during melting
Alloy, and there is the mechanical property of existing aluminium lithium alloy, and good room temperature in the alloy final products of this temperature range melting
Plasticity, there are good creep-resistant property and antioxygenic property again.Meanwhile flame resistant Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloy materials have it is good
Good casting character, the compression casting being suitable under the protective atmosphere of thin-walled parts, particularly it is adapted to casting requirement to possess light weight
Change the lightweight structural material of feature, there are huge market prospects.The Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloy smelting processing methods are simple, raw
Cost is produced than relatively low, reduces the requirement to equipment.While ensureing to possess anti-flammability, also cause alloy service life and height
The lower mechanical property of temperature is further improved.
The content of the invention
A kind of present invention aims to overcome that the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys with anti-flammability
And its processing technology.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys between 700-800 degree with fire resistance energy during melting.Percentage by weight
Than meter, the composition of alloy is：Li: 2.0-6.0wt.%, Mn: 1.0-3.0wt.%,Sr: 2.0-6.0wt.%,Ba: 1.0-
2.0wt.%, Sc: 1.0-2.0wt.%, Pr: 0.1-0.8wt.%, Tb:0.2-0.4wt.%, B:1.0-2.0wt.%, it is remaining
Measure as aluminium.The weight that the aluminium lithium alloy loses in fusion process because of the reason such as volatilization and formation clinker is in 2.0-5.0wt.%
Left and right.
The preparation method of above-mentioned aluminium lithium alloy, comprises the following steps：As above the raw material matched is added under atmospheric environment
Electric induction furnace in, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution to 700-800 degree, and utilizes electromagnetic agitation
Effect is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is cast to waterglass mould after the insulation of 700-800 degree stands 10 minutes
Interior carry out casting.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 5-10% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need
An intermediate heat-treatment is carried out to eliminate processing hardening, technique is：210 degree, 2.9 hours;Final heat treatment after rolling
Technique is：Vacuum solid solution handles 380 degree, 4.0 hours；Vacuum aging handles 160 degree, 2.8 hours.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
（1）By the main and secondary addition element in preferred alloy, to change the oxide-film and nitride film of bath surface generation
Type, composition and content.(insulation of melt and standing) in the quiescent state, can reach in the range of 700-800 degree in air
5 hours are incubated under environment without obvious burning.(melt treatment such as the stirring of melt, air blowing) in a dynamic state, when its table
Facial mask because be stirred vigorously it is destroyed after, remain to rapid regeneration, successfully hinder the oxidizing fire of alloy.Gained alloy surface oxide-film
There are extraordinary plasticity and viscosity, intactly can sprawl and cover alloy surface, effectively stop oxygen intrusion aluminium alloy
It is interior.
（2）The shortcomings that alloying element usage amount can not only be substantially reduced, extraordinary flame retardant effect can also be obtained.
While ignition-proof element content substantially reduces, alloy burning-point is but substantially increased.The aluminium lithium alloy fusion process because volatilization and
The weight for forming the reasons such as clinker and losing is less than 5.0wt.% or so.
（3）Smelting processing method is simple, and production cost reduces the requirement to equipment than relatively low.Possess in guarantee fire-retardant
Property while, also make it that mechanical property is further improved under alloy service life and high temperature, be easy to industrialization on a large scale should
With.The present invention can be used for manufacture to be less than 100 degree structural members in temperature in use and have highly significant light weight effect.
（4）The Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys have low liquid-solid phase solidification temperature range, can solve casting when hot tearing incline
Xiang great, casting it is empty and it is loose substantially, melt treatment is extensive, of poor quality, hot cracking tendency is big, casting character is poor, product into
The technical barriers such as product rate low and high temperature low intensity, waste product material and slag charge reuse difference.
（5）The material has the mechanical property of traditional aluminium lithium alloy at room temperature：Yield strength is 400-650MPa, and tension is strong
Spend for 500-750MPa, elongation percentage 4-15%.And the mechanical behavior under high temperature not possessed with traditional aluminium lithium alloy：At 300 degree
Under, yield strength 350-400MPa, and traditional material is under 300 degree, yield strength is 250-300MPa or so.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys of fire resistance when there is 720 degree of meltings.By weight percentage, alloy chemistry into
It is divided into：Li: 4.3wt.%, Mn: 1.9wt.%,Sr: 4.8wt.%,Ba: 1.6wt.%, Sc: 1.3wt.%, Pr:
0.4wt.%, Tb:0.3wt.%, B:1.2wt.%, surplus are aluminium.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added
In electric induction furnace under to atmospheric environment, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and utilize to 720 degree
Galvanomagnetic-effect is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is cast in waterglass mould for 10 minutes in 720 degree of insulations and carried out
Casting.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 6% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need carry out one
Secondary intermediate heat-treatment is hardened to eliminate processing, and technique is：210 degree, 2.9 hours;Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Very
380 degree, 4.0 hours of empty solution treatment；Vacuum aging handles 160 degree, 2.8 hours.The material has traditional aluminium lithium alloy room temperature
Under mechanical property：Yield strength is 415MPa, tensile strength 572MPa, elongation percentage 6%.And there is traditional aluminium lithium alloy
The mechanical behavior under high temperature not possessed：Under 300 degree, yield strength 368MPa, and traditional material is under 300 degree, yield strength
For 353 MPa or so alloys in 720 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc. melt treatment and
Obvious burning phenomenon does not occur, and material raw material proportion of goods damageds caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker can control
2.4wt.% or so.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys of fire resistance when there is 750 degree of meltings.By weight percentage, alloy chemistry into
It is divided into：Li: 4.3wt.%, Mn: 1.6wt.%,Sr: 2.6wt.%,Ba: 1.5wt.%, Sc: 1.2wt.%, Pr:
0.4wt.%, Tb:0.2wt.%, B:1.6wt.%, surplus are aluminium.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added
In electric induction furnace under to atmospheric environment, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and utilize to 750 degree
Galvanomagnetic-effect is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is cast in waterglass mould for 10 minutes in 750 degree of insulations and carried out
Casting.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 7% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need carry out one
Secondary intermediate heat-treatment is hardened to eliminate processing, and technique is：210 degree, 2.9 hours;Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Very
380 degree, 4.0 hours of empty solution treatment；Vacuum aging handles 160 degree, 2.8 hours.The material has traditional aluminium lithium alloy room temperature
Under mechanical property：Yield strength is 475MPa, tensile strength 592MPa, elongation percentage 8%.And there is traditional aluminium lithium alloy
The mechanical behavior under high temperature not possessed：Under 300 degree, yield strength 359MPa, and traditional material is under 300 degree, yield strength
For 260MPa or so.The alloy in 750 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc. melt treatment and
Obvious burning phenomenon does not occur, and material raw material proportion of goods damageds caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker can control
2.5wt.% or so.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys of fire resistance when there is 790 degree of meltings.By weight percentage, alloy chemistry into
It is divided into： Li: 3.8wt.%, Mn: 2.6wt.%,Sr: 3.6wt.%,Ba: 1.4wt.%, Sc: 1.3wt.%, Pr:
0.4wt.%, Tb:0.3wt.%, B:1.6wt.%, surplus are aluminium.The preparation method of alloy：As above the raw material matched is added
In electric induction furnace under to atmospheric environment, and use silicon carbide crucible.Sensing heating forms alloy solution, and utilize to 790 degree
Galvanomagnetic-effect is sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so.Alloy liquid is cast in waterglass mould for 10 minutes in 790 degree of insulations and carried out
Casting.Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 6% under every time rolling.Every 3 passes need carry out one
Secondary intermediate heat-treatment is hardened to eliminate processing, and technique is：210 degree, 2.9 hours;Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Very
380 degree, 4.0 hours of empty solution treatment；Vacuum aging handles 160 degree, 2.8 hours.The material has traditional aluminium lithium alloy room temperature
Under mechanical property：Yield strength is 510MPa, tensile strength 625MPa, elongation percentage 9%.And there is traditional aluminium lithium alloy
The mechanical behavior under high temperature not possessed：Under 300 degree, yield strength 392MPa, and traditional material is under 300 degree, yield strength
For 263MPa or so.The alloy in 790 degree and 5 hours between carry out atmospheric environment under stir, refining etc. melt treatment and
Obvious burning phenomenon does not occur, and material raw material proportion of goods damageds caused by evaporating and being formed due to clinker can control
3.8wt.% or so.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys in melting with fire resistance energy, it is characterised in that by weight percentage, The chemical composition of alloy is：Li: 2.0-6.0wt.%, Mn: 1.0-3.0wt.%,Sr: 2.0-6.0wt.%,Ba: 1.0- 2.0wt.%, Sc: 1.0-2.0wt.%, Pr: 0.1-0.8wt.%, Tb:0.2-0.4wt.%, B:1.0-2.0wt.%, it is remaining Measure as aluminium.
- 2. the preparation method of Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method bag of alloy Containing following steps：As above the raw material matched is added in the electric induction furnace under atmospheric environment, and uses silicon carbide crucible;Sensing 700-800 degree is heated to, forms alloy solution, and be sufficiently stirred 10 minutes or so using galvanomagnetic-effect;Alloy liquid is existed 700-800 degree is incubated 10 minutes and is cast to progress casting in waterglass mould.
- 3. the preparation method of Al-Li-Mn aluminium lithium alloys according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include following procedure of processing： Ingot casting is subjected to deformation process at room temperature, amount is 5-10% under every time rolling;Every 3 passes need to carry out among once Heat treatment is hardened to eliminate processing, and technique is：210 degree, 2.9 hours;Final Heat Treatment Process after rolling is：Vacuum solid solution 380 degree, 4.0 hours of processing；Vacuum aging handles 160 degree, 2.8 hours.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710954621.7A CN107475575A (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | Al Li Mn alloys with fire retardancy |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112708803A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-27 | 中南大学 | High-specific-modulus aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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2017
- 2017-10-13 CN CN201710954621.7A patent/CN107475575A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112708803A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-04-27 | 中南大学 | High-specific-modulus aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN112708803B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-04-22 | 中南大学 | High-specific-modulus aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20171215 |
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