CN109161133A - 一种防雾型复合膜及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种防雾型复合膜及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN109161133A
CN109161133A CN201810980009.1A CN201810980009A CN109161133A CN 109161133 A CN109161133 A CN 109161133A CN 201810980009 A CN201810980009 A CN 201810980009A CN 109161133 A CN109161133 A CN 109161133A
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王亚波
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Changzhou Longhu high tech Venture Service Co.,Ltd.
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Abstract

本发明属于温室种植技术领域，特别涉及一种防雾型复合膜及其制备方法和应用：通过在PVC有机膜中加入天然植物轮叶黑藻的粉末，再加入各种成膜助剂，共同吹塑得到的薄膜防雾能力有了长足的提升，可作为温室大棚的薄膜使用，以减少温室内的水汽在薄膜表面的沉积、对透光率的影响及大块滴落。

Description

一种防雾型复合膜及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于温室种植技术领域，特别涉及一种防雾型复合膜及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
随着温室栽培技术的发展，大棚已广泛用于多种植物的种植，温室大棚很多都是依靠薄膜搭建而成，具有防寒保温的功能，而且薄膜的透明度高，有利于阳光照射进温室对其中的植物进行照射。
但目前的温室薄膜所存在的主要问题在于，温室中的水汽上升过程中会在塑料薄膜表面形成一层水雾，使薄膜的透明度大大下降，从而减弱了薄膜的透光率，透进温室的阳光减少了自然也会影响温室内的温度；而当薄膜朝向温室内的一面上水雾积多后会形成较大的水滴，积累到一定程度后水滴会滴落，特别是滴落在幼小的秧苗上很容易引起烂秧现象。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：温室中水汽的不断上升在温室大棚薄膜的表面形成水雾并加重，对温室的透光率及温室内的植物本身都会产生负面影响，
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种防雾型复合膜，以重量份数计算，复合膜的原料组成包括
其中，轮叶黑藻粉末的制备方法为，将阳历八月末、九月初的轮叶黑藻从水中取出后立即剪下其叶片，将所得叶片于30℃～40℃下平铺放置1～2小时使叶片表面的水分基本挥发掉，然后将叶片粉碎至800目～1000目，
增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯等，
润滑剂为石蜡、单硬脂酸甘油酯、聚乙烯蜡、聚硅氧烷等，
热稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂，
紫外光吸收剂为UV-531、UVP-327等。
本方案还提供了一种上述防雾型复合膜的制备方法：
将各原料混合充分，再对混合料进行挤出吹塑，然后冷却得到复合膜，
挤出操作中对混合料的熔融温度为145℃～160℃，吹塑采用平挤上吹的方式，吹胀比为2.2～2.7。
本方案还提供了一种上述防雾型复合膜的应用，即将该复合膜用作温室大棚薄膜。
本发明的有益效果在于：通过在PVC有机膜中加入天然植物轮叶黑藻的粉末，对膜材料的防雾能力有了长足的提升，这有可能是薄膜内轮叶黑藻粉末(或该粉末在被挤出过程中所溢出的成分)与膜附近的空气或水发生了某种相互作用。因此，基于轮叶黑藻粉末改性的膜材料作为温室大棚的薄膜使用，可减少温室内的水汽在薄膜表面的沉积及大块滴落，也不影响薄膜的透光率。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种防雾型复合膜，以重量份数计算，复合膜的原料组成包括
其中，上述的轮叶黑藻粉末的制备方法为，将阳历八月末的罗氏轮叶黑藻从水中取出后立即剪下其叶片，将所得叶片于30℃下平铺放置2小时使叶片表面基本无水分，然后将叶片超声粉碎至800目；
将以上各原料共混充分，再对所得的混合料进行挤出吹塑，挤出时对混合料的熔融温度为145℃～157℃，吹塑采用平挤上吹，吹胀比为2.3，然后对所得的吹塑品进行风冷定型得到0.15mm厚的防雾型复合膜。
实施例2
一种防雾型复合膜，以重量份数计算，复合膜的原料组成包括
其中，上述的轮叶黑藻粉末的制备方法为，将阳历八月末的罗氏轮叶黑藻从水中取出后立即剪下其叶片，将所得叶片于35℃下平铺放置1.5小时使叶片表面基本无水分，然后将叶片超声粉碎至1000目；
将以上各原料共混充分，再对所得的混合料进行挤出吹塑，挤出时对混合料的熔融温度为145℃～152℃，吹塑采用平挤上吹，吹胀比为2.5，然后对所得的吹塑品进行风冷定型得到0.14mm厚的防雾型复合膜。
对比实施例1
未添加任何轮叶黑藻粉末，其余组分及操作同实施例1，最终得到0.15mm厚的复合膜。
对比实施例2
将“13重量份的轮叶黑藻粉末”替换为该重量份的轮叶黑藻的提取物，其余组分及操作同实施例1，最终得到0.15mm厚的复合膜，
其中，轮叶黑藻提取物的制备方法为：
(1)将阳历八月末的罗氏轮叶黑藻从水中取出后立即剪下其叶片，将所得叶片于30℃下平铺放置2小时，使叶片表面基本无水分，然后将叶片超声粉碎至800目(操作上同实施例1)；
(2)将步骤(1)中得到的粉碎叶片加入到10倍重量的乙醇水溶液(乙醇与水的体积比为95:5)中加热回流提取4小时，过滤，所得滤渣同样加入到10倍重量的乙醇水溶液(乙醇与水的体积比为95:5)中并加热回流提取2.5小时，合并滤液后将合并液充分烘干即可。
对比实施例3
将“轮叶黑藻粉末”替换为相同重量份的其他植物叶片的粉末，如“浮萍粉末”，其余组分及操作同实施例1，最终得到0.15mm厚的复合膜，
其中，浮萍粉末的制备方法为，将阳历八月末的浮萍从水中取出后于35℃下平铺放置至其表面表面基本无水分，然后将浮萍超声粉碎至800目。
对比实施例4
将“轮叶黑藻粉末”替换为相同重量份的其他植物叶片的粉末，如“桑叶粉末”，其余组分及操作同实施例1，最终得到0.15mm厚的复合膜，
其中，桑叶粉末的制备方法为，将阳历八月末的桑叶采摘下后于35℃下平铺至其表面表面基本无水分，然后将桑叶超声粉碎至800目。
对比实施例5
将“轮叶黑藻粉末”替换为相同重量份的其他植物叶片的粉末，如“绿萝粉末”，其余组分及操作同实施例1，最终得到0.15mm厚的复合膜，
其中，绿萝粉末的制备方法为，将阳历八月末的绿萝上的叶片采摘下后于35℃下平铺至其表面基本无水分，然后将这些叶片超声粉碎至800目。
对以上各实施例、对比实施例中所制备的复合膜进行防雾能力及其他基本性能的检测，结果如下表：
上表中“防雾性能”的检测方法为：将薄膜置于-5℃的冰箱内30分钟，取出薄膜并迅速用该薄膜包住内装有25℃常温水的水杯口(水位在水杯内高1/3的位置)，杯口四周用胶带扎紧，过10分钟后再观察杯口位置处的薄膜及薄膜下方杯内的情况，并记录。
从检测结果来看，本方案所改性后的复合膜具有良好的抗水雾能力，确保了阳光的透过率，是理想的温室大棚用薄膜材料。

Claims (9)

1.一种防雾型复合膜，其特征在于：以重量份数计算，所述复合膜的原料组成包括
2.如权利要求1所述的防雾型复合膜，其特征在于：所述的轮叶黑藻粉末的制备方法为，将阳历八月末、九月初的轮叶黑藻从水中取出后剪下其叶片，将所得叶片进行干燥并粉碎。
3.如权利要求1所述的防雾型复合膜，其特征在于：所述的增塑剂为邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯或邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯。
4.如权利要求1所述的防雾型复合膜，其特征在于：所述的润滑剂为石蜡、单硬脂酸甘油酯、聚乙烯蜡或聚硅氧烷。
5.如权利要求1所述的防雾型复合膜，其特征在于：所述的热稳定剂为有机锡稳定剂。
6.如权利要求1所述的防雾型复合膜，其特征在于：所述的紫外光吸收剂为UV-531或UVP-327。
7.一种如权利要求1至6任一项所述的防雾型复合膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的制备方法为，
将各所述的原料混合充分，再对所得的混合料进行挤出吹塑，然后对所得的吹塑品进行冷却得到所述的复合膜。
8.如权利要求7所述的防雾型复合膜的制备方法，其特征在于：所述的挤出操作中，对所述混合料的熔融温度为145℃～160℃；所述的吹塑操作采用平挤上吹的方式，吹胀比为2.2～2.7。
9.一种如权利要求1至6任一项所述的防雾型复合膜的应用，其特征在于：所述应用为，将所述的复合膜用作温室大棚薄膜。
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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0881606A (ja) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-26 Okamoto Ind Inc 農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物
CN1133335A (zh) * 1994-10-05 1996-10-16 代科化学工业株式会社 用于热塑性树脂表面的防雾剂和防雾的热塑性树脂层
CN102627813A (zh) * 2012-03-20 2012-08-08 绍兴宏润消防器材有限公司 防雾水稻育秧膜
CN104144984A (zh) * 2011-08-24 2014-11-12 阿尔吉斯有限责任公司 基于大型水生植物的生物塑料
CN104629205A (zh) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-20 白山市喜丰塑业有限公司 环保型农用聚氯乙烯防雾无滴棚膜及其制造方法

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0881606A (ja) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-26 Okamoto Ind Inc 農業用塩化ビニル系樹脂組成物
CN1133335A (zh) * 1994-10-05 1996-10-16 代科化学工业株式会社 用于热塑性树脂表面的防雾剂和防雾的热塑性树脂层
CN104144984A (zh) * 2011-08-24 2014-11-12 阿尔吉斯有限责任公司 基于大型水生植物的生物塑料
CN102627813A (zh) * 2012-03-20 2012-08-08 绍兴宏润消防器材有限公司 防雾水稻育秧膜
CN104629205A (zh) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-20 白山市喜丰塑业有限公司 环保型农用聚氯乙烯防雾无滴棚膜及其制造方法

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