CN109158915B

CN109158915B - High-precision quick positioning device based on end-toothed disc positioning principle

Info

Publication number: CN109158915B
Application number: CN201811236321.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙涛; 王哲; 赵学森
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen
Priority date: 2018-10-23
Filing date: 2018-10-23
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-23
Also published as: CN109158915A

Abstract

A high-precision and rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of an end tooth plate relates to a positioning device. The cylindrical base is vertically arranged and has a circular groove 1 in the middle of the upper surface, a through hole 1 and a circular groove 2 on the outer circumferential surface, the through hole 1 is connected with the circular groove 1 and the circular groove 2, and a clamping mechanism is arranged in the through hole 1. The second circular groove is connected to one end of the gas connector, the end tooth plate is connected to the cylindrical base and the base plate, the middle part of the upper surface of the end tooth plate has a through hole 3 that communicates with the through hole 1, and the lower end of the joint passes through the through hole with a gap. The three parallels are placed in the circular groove 1, the lower end of the joint is clamped by the clamping mechanism, the upper end of the joint is fixedly connected with the base plate, and the upper end of the base plate is detachably connected with the lower end of the three-jaw chuck. Compared with the existing structure, the present invention is simpler, and is suitable for the positioning, clamping and transposition processes in the processing of ultra-precision parts, reduces the downtime of the machine tool by 80%, increases the work efficiency by 2-3 times, and can reduce the time and cost in the processing. The transposition operation error is less than 0.001mm.

Description

High-precision quick positioning device based on end-toothed disc positioning principle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a positioning device, in particular to a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle, and belongs to a novel machine tool clamp.

Background

The quick positioning device is a unique positioning and locking device and can reduce errors generated in the clamping process as much as possible. The advantages of high efficiency and convenience enable the tool to be applied to common machining and to be used in the ultra-precision field. Most parts in the ultra-precision field are produced in small batches, particularly customized parts, for some parts, the parts need to be frequently disassembled to special detection equipment for size and shape detection in the machining process, and if the errors between disassembly and assembly at each time cannot be well controlled, the final machining precision cannot be ensured. Therefore, it is necessary to use the same set of quick positioning systems during this process. However, the requirement of the ultra-precision field on the dimensional precision and the appearance precision is extremely high, so that the current rapid clamping and positioning system cannot meet the requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention provides a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle comprises a gas connector, a columnar base, a substrate, a three-jaw chuck, a connector, an end-toothed disc and a clamping mechanism, wherein the columnar base is vertically arranged, the middle of the upper surface of the columnar base is provided with a first circular groove, the outer circumferential surface of the columnar base is provided with a first through hole and a second circular groove, the first through hole is communicated with the first circular groove and the second circular groove, the clamping mechanism is placed in the first through hole in a matched mode, the second circular groove is detachably connected with one end of the gas connector, the upper end of the columnar base is detachably connected with the lower end of the horizontally arranged end-toothed disc, the upper end of the end-toothed disc is detachably connected with the lower end of the substrate, a third through hole communicated with the first through hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the end-toothed disc, the lower end of the connector penetrates through the, the upper end of the joint is fixedly connected with the substrate, and the upper end of the substrate is detachably connected with the lower end of the three-jaw chuck.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the end-toothed disc is a high-precision angle positioning mechanism, the indexing precision of teeth of the end-toothed disc indexing mechanism can reach the level of angular seconds, and the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision are both in the level of angular seconds, so that the end-toothed disc has the characteristics of good automatic centering, high indexing precision, good repeated positioning precision, good positioning rigidity and long precision maintaining life, and has a good error homogenization effect; the clamping mechanism is realized by adopting an adjusting screw, a spring and a clamping block, and clamping and releasing are realized by utilizing the spring and pneumatics, compared with the prior structure, the clamping mechanism is simpler, is suitable for the positioning clamping and transposition processes in the machining process of ultra-precise parts, reduces 80% of the downtime of a machine tool, improves the working efficiency by 2-3 times, and can reduce the transposition operation error in the machining process to be less than 0.001 mm.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of the whole structure of the high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle when clamping;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the quick positioning device of FIG. 1 in a relaxed state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 1 (except for the three-jaw chuck and jaws);

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the base and clamping mechanism and the air fitting;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the clamping mechanism and the adapter and socket head cap screw;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the overall construction of the base;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the overall construction of the lower end disk;

fig. 8 is an isometric view of the overall construction of the joint.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the invention discloses a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle, which comprises an air connector 1, a columnar base 2, a substrate 3, a three-jaw chuck 4, a connector 10, an end-toothed disc and a clamping mechanism, wherein the columnar base 2 is vertically arranged, a first circular groove a is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the columnar base 2, a first through hole B and a second circular groove C are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the columnar base 2, the first through hole B is communicated with the first circular groove a and the second circular groove C, the clamping mechanism is arranged in the first through hole B in a matching manner, the second circular groove C is detachably connected with one end of the air connector 1 through threads, the other end of the air connector 1 is coupled with a high-pressure air source end connector, and high-pressure air enters the columnar base 2 through the; the upper end of column base 2 and the lower extreme of the end-toothed disc that the level set up can be dismantled through a plurality of bolts one and be connected, the upper end of end-toothed disc and the lower extreme of base plate 3 can be dismantled through a plurality of bolts two and be connected, the middle part of end-toothed disc upper surface be equipped with the through-hole three E that through-hole B is linked together, the lower extreme that connects 10 passes through with the clearance through-hole three E and places in circular slot A, connects 10 lower extreme and passes through clamping mechanism presss from both sides tightly, connects 10 upper end and base plate 3 fixed connection, the upper end of base plate 3 and the lower extreme of three-jaw chuck 4 can be dismantled through a plurality of bolts three and be connected, three-jaw chuck 4 is general centering chuck, and the type of selecting is three-jaw formula, centering clamp workpiece, and three-jaw chuck 4.

The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 6, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, the first through hole B and the second circular groove C are both disposed along the radial direction of the columnar base 2, and the first through hole B and the second circular groove C are disposed perpendicular to each other.

The third concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a first embodiment or a second embodiment is further described, and the second circular groove C is communicated with the first through hole B through an air passage G disposed inside the columnar base 2.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, the clamping mechanism includes two adjusting screws 9, two springs 11, two clamping columns 12 and four rubber rings 13, the two adjusting screws 9 are in threaded connection with two ends of the first through hole B, a screw end of each adjusting screw 9 is fixedly connected with one end of one spring 11, and the adjusting screw 9 is used to adjust a starting position of the spring 11, so as to adjust a magnitude of the clamping force; the other ends of the two springs 11 are respectively and fixedly connected with one end of a corresponding clamping column 12 which is horizontally arranged, and the springs 11 provide clamping force for the clamping column 12 so as to realize a clamping process; the opposite ends of the two clamping columns 12 are respectively provided with a convex block, the circumferential surface of each clamping column 12 is respectively provided with two first annular grooves along the circumferential direction, and each first annular groove is internally and tightly provided with a rubber ring 13.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, and 8, in this embodiment, a second annular groove H is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the joint 10 along the circumferential direction thereof, and the second annular groove H is disposed in cooperation with the protrusion.

The sixth specific implementation mode: as shown in fig. 3 and 5, in this embodiment, a first threaded hole D is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the joint 10, the upper surface of the joint 10 is attached to the middle of the lower surface of the substrate 3, a second threaded hole communicated with the first threaded hole D is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the substrate 3, the substrate 3 and the joint 10 are detachably and fixedly connected through a socket head cap screw 14 disposed in the first threaded hole D and the second threaded hole, and the socket head cap screw 14 is screwed downward from bottom to top.

The seventh embodiment: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the first embodiment is further described, the substrate 3 is a cylindrical thin plate, and the thickness of the cylindrical thin plate is 12 mm.

The specific implementation mode is eight: as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the first embodiment or the second embodiment is further described, the first circular groove a has a cross-sectional diameter of 22mm, the first through hole B has a cross-sectional diameter of 18mm, and the second circular groove C has a cross-sectional diameter of 8 mm.

The specific implementation method nine: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 7, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, in which the end-toothed disc includes an upper end-toothed disc 7 and a lower end-toothed disc 8, and a gear surface of the lower end-toothed disc 8 is in meshing connection with a gear surface of the upper end-toothed disc 7.

The invention can realize high-precision repeated positioning and clamping process, has rapid clamping process, simple structure and convenient operation, can be popularized and used in factory production lines, and realizes high automation.

The workpiece 5, the upper end fluted disc 7, the joint 10, the base plate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the clamping jaw 6 are clamped outside the machine tool in advance, and only the upper end fluted disc 7 and the workpiece 5 need to be clamped and released quickly during machining operation, so that the machine tool downtime is reduced, and the machining efficiency of the machine tool is improved.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

1. in an initial state, the air joint 1 is not ventilated, the spring 11 pushes the clamping column 12 to the middle part, the clamping column 12 is matched with the joint 10, clamping is realized under the action of the spring 11, and at the moment, the upper end fluted disc 7, the joint 10, the substrate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the workpiece 5 cannot be taken out;

2. when the device works, the air joint 1 is ventilated until the air pressure is greater than the clamping force of the spring 11, the clamping column 12 moves outwards in the through hole I B of the columnar base 2, the loosening process is realized, and at the moment, the upper end fluted disc 7, the joint 10, the substrate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the workpiece 5 can be taken out;

3. keeping the gas path connected, stopping ventilation when the other upper fluted disc 7 (comprising the joint 10, the substrate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the workpiece 5 thereon) is put in and meshed with the lower fluted disc 8, pushing the clamping column 12 to move towards the middle part by the spring 11 again, matching the clamping column 12 with the joint 10 again, realizing clamping under the action of the spring 11 again, and finishing transposition clamping operation.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-precision rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end tooth plate, characterized in that: it comprises a gas joint (1), a columnar base (2), a base plate (3), a three-jaw chuck (4), a joint ( 10), an end tooth plate and a clamping mechanism, the cylindrical base (2) is vertically arranged and a circular groove (A) is provided in the middle of the upper surface, and a through hole is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the cylindrical base (2). (B) and the second round groove (C), the first through hole (B) is connected with the first round groove (A) and the second round groove (C), and the first through hole (B) is fitted with a clamping mechanism. , the second circular groove (C) is detachably connected to one end of the air joint (1), the upper end of the columnar base (2) is detachably connected to the lower end of the horizontally arranged end tooth plate, and the upper end of the end tooth plate is connected to The lower end of the base plate (3) is detachably connected, the middle part of the upper surface of the end tooth plate is provided with a through hole 3 (E) that communicates with the through hole 1 (B), and the lower end of the joint (10) passes through a gap. The through hole three (E) is placed in the circular groove one (A), the lower end of the joint (10) is clamped by the clamping mechanism, the upper end of the joint (10) is fixedly connected with the base plate (3), and the base plate ( The upper end of 3) is detachably connected to the lower end of the three-jaw chuck (4);

The clamping mechanism includes two adjusting screws (9), two springs (11), two clamping columns (12) and four rubber rings (13). Two ends of one (B) are threadedly connected, the screw ends of each adjusting screw (9) are respectively fixedly connected with one end of a spring (11), and the other ends of the two springs (11) are respectively connected with the corresponding horizontally arranged One end of the clamping column (12) is fixedly connected, the opposite ends of the two clamping columns (12) are provided with projections, and the circumferential surface of each clamping column (12) is provided with two The first ring groove is provided with a rubber ring (13) tightly in each of the first ring grooves.

2. A high-precision rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end tooth disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first through hole (B) and the second circular groove (C) are along the cylindrical base (2). ) are arranged radially, and the first through hole (B) and the second circular groove (C) are arranged perpendicular to each other.

3. A high-precision rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end toothed disc according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the two circular grooves (C) pass through the air provided inside the cylindrical base (2). The channel (G) is communicated with the first through hole (B).

4. A high-precision rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end tooth disc according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer circumferential surface of the joint (10) is provided with two ring grooves (H) along its circumferential direction , the second ring groove (H) is arranged in cooperation with the protruding block.

5 . The high-precision quick positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end tooth disc according to claim 1 , wherein the middle part of the upper surface of the joint (10) is provided with a threaded hole (D), and the joint (10) ) The upper surface and the middle part of the lower surface of the base plate (3) are fitted and arranged, and the middle part of the upper surface of the base plate (3) is provided with a second threaded hole that communicates with the first threaded hole (D), and the base plate (3) and the joint (10) Removably and fixedly connected by the hexagon socket head cap screws (14) placed in the threaded hole 1 (D) and the threaded hole 2.

6 . The high-precision and rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end tooth disc according to claim 1 , wherein the base plate ( 3 ) is a cylindrical thin plate, and the thickness of the cylindrical thin plate is 12 mm. 7 .

7. A high-precision rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end tooth disc according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the cross-sectional diameter of the circular groove one (A) is 22 mm, and the through hole one (A) is 22 mm in diameter. The cross-sectional diameter of B) is 18 mm, and the cross-sectional diameter of the second circular groove (C) is 8 mm.

8. A high-precision and rapid positioning device based on the positioning principle of the end toothed plate according to claim 1, wherein the end toothed plate comprises an upper end toothed plate (7) and a lower end toothed plate (8), the The gear surface of the lower end toothed plate (8) is in meshing connection with the gear surface of the upper end toothed plate (7).