CN109158915B

CN109158915B - High-precision quick positioning device based on end-toothed disc positioning principle

Info

Publication number: CN109158915B
Application number: CN201811236321.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙涛; 王哲; 赵学森
Original assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Current assignee: Harbin Institute of Technology
Priority date: 2018-10-23
Filing date: 2018-10-23
Publication date: 2021-03-23
Anticipated expiration: 2038-10-23
Also published as: CN109158915A

Abstract

A high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle relates to a positioning device. The vertical setting of column base and upper surface middle part have circular slot one, and the outer periphery has through-hole one and circular slot two, through-hole one and circular slot two intercommunication settings, have clamping mechanism in the through-hole one, and circular slot two is connected with the one end of gas connector, and end-toothed disc and column base and base plate connection have the through-hole three that is linked together with through-hole one in the middle part of the end-toothed disc upper surface, and the lower extreme that connects passes with clearance through-hole three places in circular slot one, connects the lower extreme to pass through clamping mechanism presss from both sides tightly, connects upper end and base plate fixed connection, and the upper end of base plate can be dismantled with the lower extreme of three-jaw. Compared with the existing structure, the invention is simpler, is suitable for the positioning clamping and transposition processes in the ultraprecise part machining process, reduces 80% of machine tool downtime, improves the working efficiency by 2-3 times, and can reduce the transposition operation error in the machining process to be less than 0.001 mm.

Description

High-precision quick positioning device based on end-toothed disc positioning principle

Technical Field

The invention relates to a positioning device, in particular to a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle, and belongs to a novel machine tool clamp.

Background

The quick positioning device is a unique positioning and locking device and can reduce errors generated in the clamping process as much as possible. The advantages of high efficiency and convenience enable the tool to be applied to common machining and to be used in the ultra-precision field. Most parts in the ultra-precision field are produced in small batches, particularly customized parts, for some parts, the parts need to be frequently disassembled to special detection equipment for size and shape detection in the machining process, and if the errors between disassembly and assembly at each time cannot be well controlled, the final machining precision cannot be ensured. Therefore, it is necessary to use the same set of quick positioning systems during this process. However, the requirement of the ultra-precision field on the dimensional precision and the appearance precision is extremely high, so that the current rapid clamping and positioning system cannot meet the requirement.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects in the background art, the invention provides a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme: a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle comprises a gas connector, a columnar base, a substrate, a three-jaw chuck, a connector, an end-toothed disc and a clamping mechanism, wherein the columnar base is vertically arranged, the middle of the upper surface of the columnar base is provided with a first circular groove, the outer circumferential surface of the columnar base is provided with a first through hole and a second circular groove, the first through hole is communicated with the first circular groove and the second circular groove, the clamping mechanism is placed in the first through hole in a matched mode, the second circular groove is detachably connected with one end of the gas connector, the upper end of the columnar base is detachably connected with the lower end of the horizontally arranged end-toothed disc, the upper end of the end-toothed disc is detachably connected with the lower end of the substrate, a third through hole communicated with the first through hole is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the end-toothed disc, the lower end of the connector penetrates through the, the upper end of the joint is fixedly connected with the substrate, and the upper end of the substrate is detachably connected with the lower end of the three-jaw chuck.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the end-toothed disc is a high-precision angle positioning mechanism, the indexing precision of teeth of the end-toothed disc indexing mechanism can reach the level of angular seconds, and the positioning precision and the repeated positioning precision are both in the level of angular seconds, so that the end-toothed disc has the characteristics of good automatic centering, high indexing precision, good repeated positioning precision, good positioning rigidity and long precision maintaining life, and has a good error homogenization effect; the clamping mechanism is realized by adopting an adjusting screw, a spring and a clamping block, and clamping and releasing are realized by utilizing the spring and pneumatics, compared with the prior structure, the clamping mechanism is simpler, is suitable for the positioning clamping and transposition processes in the machining process of ultra-precise parts, reduces 80% of the downtime of a machine tool, improves the working efficiency by 2-3 times, and can reduce the transposition operation error in the machining process to be less than 0.001 mm.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an axonometric view of the whole structure of the high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle when clamping;

FIG. 2 is an isometric view of the overall structure of the quick positioning device of FIG. 1 in a relaxed state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of FIG. 1 (except for the three-jaw chuck and jaws);

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the connection of the base and clamping mechanism and the air fitting;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the clamping mechanism and the adapter and socket head cap screw;

FIG. 6 is an isometric view of the overall construction of the base;

FIG. 7 is an isometric view of the overall construction of the lower end disk;

fig. 8 is an isometric view of the overall construction of the joint.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

The first embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the invention discloses a high-precision quick positioning device based on an end-toothed disc positioning principle, which comprises an air connector 1, a columnar base 2, a substrate 3, a three-jaw chuck 4, a connector 10, an end-toothed disc and a clamping mechanism, wherein the columnar base 2 is vertically arranged, a first circular groove a is arranged in the middle of the upper surface of the columnar base 2, a first through hole B and a second circular groove C are arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the columnar base 2, the first through hole B is communicated with the first circular groove a and the second circular groove C, the clamping mechanism is arranged in the first through hole B in a matching manner, the second circular groove C is detachably connected with one end of the air connector 1 through threads, the other end of the air connector 1 is coupled with a high-pressure air source end connector, and high-pressure air enters the columnar base 2 through the; the upper end of column base 2 and the lower extreme of the end-toothed disc that the level set up can be dismantled through a plurality of bolts one and be connected, the upper end of end-toothed disc and the lower extreme of base plate 3 can be dismantled through a plurality of bolts two and be connected, the middle part of end-toothed disc upper surface be equipped with the through-hole three E that through-hole B is linked together, the lower extreme that connects 10 passes through with the clearance through-hole three E and places in circular slot A, connects 10 lower extreme and passes through clamping mechanism presss from both sides tightly, connects 10 upper end and base plate 3 fixed connection, the upper end of base plate 3 and the lower extreme of three-jaw chuck 4 can be dismantled through a plurality of bolts three and be connected, three-jaw chuck 4 is general centering chuck, and the type of selecting is three-jaw formula, centering clamp workpiece, and three-jaw chuck 4.

The second embodiment is as follows: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 6, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, the first through hole B and the second circular groove C are both disposed along the radial direction of the columnar base 2, and the first through hole B and the second circular groove C are disposed perpendicular to each other.

The third concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a first embodiment or a second embodiment is further described, and the second circular groove C is communicated with the first through hole B through an air passage G disposed inside the columnar base 2.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, the clamping mechanism includes two adjusting screws 9, two springs 11, two clamping columns 12 and four rubber rings 13, the two adjusting screws 9 are in threaded connection with two ends of the first through hole B, a screw end of each adjusting screw 9 is fixedly connected with one end of one spring 11, and the adjusting screw 9 is used to adjust a starting position of the spring 11, so as to adjust a magnitude of the clamping force; the other ends of the two springs 11 are respectively and fixedly connected with one end of a corresponding clamping column 12 which is horizontally arranged, and the springs 11 provide clamping force for the clamping column 12 so as to realize a clamping process; the opposite ends of the two clamping columns 12 are respectively provided with a convex block, the circumferential surface of each clamping column 12 is respectively provided with two first annular grooves along the circumferential direction, and each first annular groove is internally and tightly provided with a rubber ring 13.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, and 8, in this embodiment, a second annular groove H is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the joint 10 along the circumferential direction thereof, and the second annular groove H is disposed in cooperation with the protrusion.

The sixth specific implementation mode: as shown in fig. 3 and 5, in this embodiment, a first threaded hole D is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the joint 10, the upper surface of the joint 10 is attached to the middle of the lower surface of the substrate 3, a second threaded hole communicated with the first threaded hole D is formed in the middle of the upper surface of the substrate 3, the substrate 3 and the joint 10 are detachably and fixedly connected through a socket head cap screw 14 disposed in the first threaded hole D and the second threaded hole, and the socket head cap screw 14 is screwed downward from bottom to top.

The seventh embodiment: as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, in this embodiment, the first embodiment is further described, the substrate 3 is a cylindrical thin plate, and the thickness of the cylindrical thin plate is 12 mm.

The specific implementation mode is eight: as shown in fig. 6, in this embodiment, the first embodiment or the second embodiment is further described, the first circular groove a has a cross-sectional diameter of 22mm, the first through hole B has a cross-sectional diameter of 18mm, and the second circular groove C has a cross-sectional diameter of 8 mm.

The specific implementation method nine: as shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 7, the present embodiment is further described with respect to the first embodiment, in which the end-toothed disc includes an upper end-toothed disc 7 and a lower end-toothed disc 8, and a gear surface of the lower end-toothed disc 8 is in meshing connection with a gear surface of the upper end-toothed disc 7.

The invention can realize high-precision repeated positioning and clamping process, has rapid clamping process, simple structure and convenient operation, can be popularized and used in factory production lines, and realizes high automation.

The workpiece 5, the upper end fluted disc 7, the joint 10, the base plate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the clamping jaw 6 are clamped outside the machine tool in advance, and only the upper end fluted disc 7 and the workpiece 5 need to be clamped and released quickly during machining operation, so that the machine tool downtime is reduced, and the machining efficiency of the machine tool is improved.

The working process of the invention is as follows:

1. in an initial state, the air joint 1 is not ventilated, the spring 11 pushes the clamping column 12 to the middle part, the clamping column 12 is matched with the joint 10, clamping is realized under the action of the spring 11, and at the moment, the upper end fluted disc 7, the joint 10, the substrate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the workpiece 5 cannot be taken out;

2. when the device works, the air joint 1 is ventilated until the air pressure is greater than the clamping force of the spring 11, the clamping column 12 moves outwards in the through hole I B of the columnar base 2, the loosening process is realized, and at the moment, the upper end fluted disc 7, the joint 10, the substrate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the workpiece 5 can be taken out;

3. keeping the gas path connected, stopping ventilation when the other upper fluted disc 7 (comprising the joint 10, the substrate 3, the three-jaw chuck 4 and the workpiece 5 thereon) is put in and meshed with the lower fluted disc 8, pushing the clamping column 12 to move towards the middle part by the spring 11 again, matching the clamping column 12 with the joint 10 again, realizing clamping under the action of the spring 11 again, and finishing transposition clamping operation.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a quick positioner of high accuracy based on end-toothed disc location principle which characterized in that: comprises a gas joint (1), a columnar base (2), a substrate (3), a three-jaw chuck (4), a joint (10), an end-toothed disc and a clamping mechanism, wherein the columnar base (2) is vertically arranged, the middle part of the upper surface is provided with a first circular groove (A), the outer circumferential surface of the columnar base (2) is provided with a first through hole (B) and a second circular groove (C), the first through hole (B) is communicated with the first circular groove (A) and the second circular groove (C), the clamping mechanism is placed in the first through hole (B) in a matched manner, the second circular groove (C) is detachably connected with one end of the gas joint (1), the upper end of the columnar base (2) is detachably connected with the lower end of the end-toothed disc which is horizontally arranged, the upper end of the end-toothed disc is detachably connected with the lower end of the substrate (3), the middle part of the upper surface of the end-toothed disc is provided with a third through hole (E) communicated with the first through hole (B), and the lower end of the joint (10) penetrates through the, the lower end of the joint (10) is clamped by the clamping mechanism, the upper end of the joint (10) is fixedly connected with the substrate (3), and the upper end of the substrate (3) is detachably connected with the lower end of the three-jaw chuck (4);

clamping mechanism includes two adjusting screw (9), two springs (11), two clamp post (12) and four rubber circle (13), the both ends threaded connection of two adjusting screw (9) and through-hole (B), the screw rod end of every adjusting screw (9) respectively with the one end fixed connection of a spring (11), the other end of two springs (11) respectively with the one end fixed connection of the clamp post (12) of the level setting that corresponds, the looks remote site of two clamp post (12) all is equipped with the lug, every periphery that presss from both sides post (12) all is equipped with two annular one, every along its circumferencial direction all be provided with rubber circle (13) in the annular one closely.

2. The high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first through hole (B) and the second circular groove (C) are arranged along the radial direction of the columnar base (2) and are perpendicular to each other.

3. A high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the circular groove II (C) is communicated with the through hole I (B) through an air passage G arranged inside the columnar base (2).

4. The high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the outer periphery of the joint (10) is provided with a second annular groove (H) along the circumferential direction of the joint, and the second annular groove (H) is matched with the bump.

5. The high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the middle part of connecting (10) upper surface is equipped with screw hole (D), connects the middle part laminating setting of (10) upper surface and base plate (3) lower surface, the middle part of base plate (3) upper surface be equipped with screw hole two that screw hole (D) are linked together, base plate (3) and joint (10) can dismantle fixed connection through interior hex head cap screw (14) of placing in screw hole (D) and screw hole two.

6. The high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the substrate (3) is a cylindrical thin plate, and the thickness of the cylindrical thin plate is 12 mm.

7. A high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the cross-sectional diameter of the first circular groove (A) is 22mm, the cross-sectional diameter of the first through hole (B) is 18mm, and the cross-sectional diameter of the second circular groove (C) is 8 mm.

8. The high-precision quick positioning device based on the end-toothed disc positioning principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the end-toothed disc comprises an upper end-toothed disc (7) and a lower end-toothed disc (8), and the gear surface of the lower end-toothed disc (8) is meshed with the gear surface of the upper end-toothed disc (7) and is connected with the gear surface of the upper end-toothed disc.