CN109147873A - A method of prediction micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method of prediction micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension belongs to the fields of measurement of physics.The information of the original austenite grain size of micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region under three or more different heat inputs is obtained by thermal simulation first；Secondly setting crystal grain growth dynamics formulaMiddle M0And PZFor unknown constant, other parameters are known parameters and obtain corresponding reasonable value by consulting literatures, then the numerical value and crystal grain growth dynamics formula of the original austenite grain size of coarse grain zone under three different heat inputs are fitted (by numerical integration and using finite difference calculus), optimal fitting result obtains M0And PZNumerical value；Finally by this crystal grain growth dynamics formula and the M fitted0And PZNumerical value calculate the crystallite dimension of this micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region under different thermal weld stress, predict micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension.This invention simplifies fitting and calculating process, provide important evidence to control the crystallite dimension of micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the fields of measurement of physics, more particularly to about a kind of prediction micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystal grain ruler
Very little method.
Background technique
The weld coarse crystal region region one of most weak usually as welding point, mechanical property largely represents
The mechanical property of welding point, thus the Mechanical Characteristics of weld coarse crystal region are assessed, it can be largely assessment weldering
It connects joint mechanical property feature and important references is provided.The heterogeneous microstructure of steel material is usually to determine that its mechanical property is most heavy
One of factor wanted, wherein the crystallite dimension characterization parameter important as one, has always been considered as being evaluation weld coarse crystal region power
Learn whether performance deteriorates one of most important mark.In welding field, steel material (especially micro alloyed steel) welding is thick
The crystallite dimension of crystalline region is always to pay close attention to object.
The grain size information of micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region is usually obtained there are two types of method, one is for example with reference to text
It offers 1 (Sanjeev Kumar, et al., Materials and Design, 2016,50:177), is surveyed by actual metallographic
Amount, one is such as bibliography 2 (M.Shome, et al., Scripta Materialia, 2004,50:1007), pass through crystalline substance
The big dynamics formula of grain length is calculated.It is actual to measure no doubt available very accurate coarse grain zone grain size information,
But the crystallite dimension of the unpredictable coarse grain zone when welding condition changes of this method.It is carried out by crystal grain growth dynamics formula
(unknown parameter under certain welding condition in first fitting formula is usually required when formula calculate) an available system
The crystallite dimension of coarse grain zone under the conditions of column, but theoretically, under current technical conditions, for general steel material,
Can be calculated it is relatively reasonable as a result, and for micro alloyed steel, calculated result can generate certain deviation, and with
The change of welding condition (fit come unknown parameter can actually change with the variation of welding condition),
Its deviation can be gradually increased.The main reason is that will receive in micro alloyed steel when crystal grain is grown up in weld coarse crystal region thermal cycle
The pinning effect of second phase particles, and Thermal Cycle itself also influences whether the thermal stability of the second phase, when with thermal cycle
Between variation with temperature, the pinning effect of second phase particles can also change therewith, and Thermal Cycle is one typical non-
The thermal process of thermodynamical equilibrium, existing investigative technique means can not carry out the thermal stability of second phase particles in the process
Accurate description, thus calculate this method of micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension with crystal grain growth dynamics formula and obtain
Result reasonability be decided by whether can the thermal stability to second phase particles in micro alloyed steel accurately described.Although
The primary expression form of crystal grain growth dynamics formula be disclosed but different researcher for how approximate processing sweating heat
The calculated result that the method for the pinning effect that the second opposite crystal grain is grown up in micro alloyed steel in the process will be different, thus obtain
Confidence level can be different.Based on this, patent applicant has found on the basis of a large amount of document is summarized and worked with practical study
The second opposite crystal grain is grown up the simple and efficient way of pinning effect in a kind of processing micro alloyed steel, thus has been obtained a kind of pre-
The new method of micrometer steel alloy weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods for predicting micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension, are long to crystal grain
After two parameters are fitted in big dynamics formula, this formula is recycled to calculate weld coarse crystal region crystal grain ruler under other heat inputs
Very little method.
To achieve the above object, the method that the present invention uses is: it is defeated to obtain three or more different heat by thermal simulation first
Enter the information of the original austenite grain size of lower micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region；Secondly setting crystal grain growth dynamics formula Middle M0And PZFor unknown constant, other parameters are known parameters and are obtained by consulting literatures
It is then that the numerical value and crystal grain of the original austenite grain size of coarse grain zone under three different heat inputs is long to corresponding reasonable value
Big dynamics formula is fitted (by numerical integration and using finite difference calculus), and optimal fitting result obtains M0And PZ's
Numerical value；Finally by this crystal grain growth dynamics formula and the M fitted0And PZNumerical value calculate under different thermal weld stress this
The crystallite dimension of micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region achievees the purpose that predict micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension.
A method of prediction micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension, the method is for calculating micro alloyed steel iron material
Expect a series of original austenite grain size of coarse grain zone under the conditions of thermal weld stress, comprising the following steps:
Step 1) passes through the thermal cycle of thermal simulation micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region, and heating rate is 100~280K/s, peak value
Temperature is 1573~1673K, and the peak temperature residence time is 0.5~2s, and cooling procedure will using Rykalin 3D/2D or other
Thermal model of the thermal weld stress as parameter, thermal weld stress parameter is respectively X in thermal model1、X2And X3(X1< X2< X3).It
Metallographic Analysis is carried out to the sample in thermal simulation region afterwards, statistics three thermal weld stress under the conditions of current Thermal Cycle are corresponding
Coarse grain zone original austenite grain size；
Step 2) is according to above-mentioned steps 1) obtain three original austenite grain dimension datas, utilize crystal grain growth dynamics
FormulaBy numerical integration, using finite difference calculus, time interval takes 0.01
Original austenite grain size and crystal grain under three heat inputs formula of growing up is fitted by~0.2s respectively, when passing through formula
Three crystallite dimensions and original austenite grain dimension data for calculating separately out obtain optimal fitting when being all closer to
Situation, fitting result obtain M0And PZNumerical value；Wherein d is original austenite grain size, and n is the factor of growing up, M0Refer to cause
Son, QaIt is grain growth activation energy, R is gas constant, and T is temperature,It is crystal boundary driving force, γ is the crystalline substance of austenite
Boundary's energy, PZIt is the active force that the second phase pinning generates, t is that temperature is more than A in temperature-rise periodC3Temperature temperature into temperature-fall period
Lower than AC3Temperature duration, by AC3Temperature is set as a constant, the micro alloyed steel being calculated using empirical equation
A3Temperature, by M0And PZMake unknown constant, other parameters make known parameters and (such as take n=2, R=8.3J/ (molK), Qa=
352185.31+21827.26XC+19950.94XMn+7185.49XCr+7378.06XNi), this formula is the public affairs in bibliography
Formula (Uhm S, et al., ISIJ international, 2004,44 (7): 1230).The variation of n value does not influence subsequent ginseng
It counts, the parameter in formula is independent from each other, (XC、XMn、XCrAnd XNiThe weight hundred of C, Mn, Cr and Ni respectively in micro alloyed steel
Divide content, Q is calculatedaUnit be J/mol), the data of t and T can be according to above-mentioned steps 1) use welding thermal model
It is calculated, γ=0.5J/m2)；
Step 3) is according to above-mentioned steps 2) it is fitted obtained M0And PZNumerical value and the crystal grain growth dynamics formula mentioned,
Can be used identical method calculate thermal weld stress be X when micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region original austenite grain size it is big
It is small (when X value range be [X1, X3] when, calculated result has very high confidence level, when the value range of X is (0, X1) or (X3,
When ∞), as the numerical value of X deviates X1Or X3Increasing, the departure degree of calculated result and actual conditions is gradually increased.
The core ideas of the method is as follows.It is general in the matrix of micro alloyed steel for current steel production technology
There are two major classes second phase particles: the first kind is tended in molten steel or solidification of molten steel during is formed, and this kind of particle has very
High thermal stability, but for size and volume fraction, it is long to the austenite grain size in micro alloyed steel welding process
Big pinning effect is weaker；Second class is tended in production or heat treatment process be precipitated, and this kind of particle has lower heat steady
It is qualitative, but because its size is very small, only stronger pinning effect can be usually generated in the cold stage of welding thermal process.To calculate
Crystallite dimension in micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region acts on for the anchoring of this two major classes particle, can make following simplification respectively.The
Although a kind of particle can also change the anchoring effect of crystal boundary with the variation of welding process time and temperature, because of welding
The temporal characteristics of thermal process and itself generate pinning effect it is smaller, reasonably can simply think first kind particle entire
It is constant to the anchoring effect of crystal boundary in weld coarse crystal region thermal process, i.e., it is believed that its pinning effect power generated is approximately constant.
And the second class particle has lower thermal stability, the peak temperature of weld coarse crystal region commonly reaches 1573~1673K, usually remote
Higher than the thermodynamics solution temperature of the second class particle, it is contemplated that the size of such particle is very small, and dynamic process is also shown
During weld coarse crystal region thermal cycle starts to peak temperature (usually several seconds times) its will occur largely to dissolve,
Thus the second class particle can weaken the pinning effect that crystal grain is grown up significantly.In view of being calculated using crystal grain growth dynamics formula
Be the final crystallite dimension in coarse grain zone and not in grain growth process size variation, by intending Parameters in Formula
It closes, influence of the second class particle anchoring effect to final grain size can be substantially eliminated, thus can simply recognize
The pinning effect generated in weld coarse crystal region Thermal Cycling for the second class particle is 0.Under this thinking, crystal grain is grown up dynamic
In force equation it needs to be determined that two parameters (constant parameter and at any time/temperature change parameter) will change
For two constant parameters, this greatly simplifies fitting and calculating process.A kind of pre- micrometer thus obtained under this thinking
The method of steel alloy weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension is unique and practicability, while theoretically its accuracy can also be protected
Card.Important evidence is provided to control the crystallite dimension of micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the crystallite dimension of the micro alloyed steel coarse grain zone under different thermal weld stress predicted.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment
By the weld coarse crystal region thermal cycle of a certain micro alloyed steel of thermal simulation, heating rate 200K/s, peak temperature is
1643K, peak temperature residence time are 1s, and cooling procedure uses Rykalin 3D thermal modelλ=0.38J/ (cmsK), TP=1643K, E are thermal weld stress, and T ' is temperature seat
Mark, τ is time coordinate), thermal weld stress parameter is respectively 14,20 and 36kJ/cm in thermal model.Ground by metallographic, with cut
Collimation method counts to obtain about 77 ± 4,83 ± 4 and 88 ± 3 μm respectively of average grain size of weld coarse crystal region under three heat inputs.It adopts
It is grown up formula with crystal grainBy M0And PZFor unknown constant, the numerical value of other parameters
Score takes n=2, R=8.3J/ (molK), Qa=400kJ/mol,γ=0.5J/m2.The time t of integrating range
It is more than that 1100K temperature into temperature-fall period is lower than 1100K duration, the temperature of integrating range for temperature in temperature-rise period
The relationship of T and time t is determined by the weld coarse crystal region thermal cycle set.By micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region under three heat inputs
Average grain size formula of growing up respectively with crystal grain is fitted, in fit procedure the calculating of crystallite dimension using numerical integration and
Finite difference calculus, dt take 0.05s, the M fitted0And PZNumerical value be respectively 2.5m5/ (Js) and 1.08 × 103J/m3.Finally
It is grown up formula and the M that fits by crystal grain0And PZNumerical prediction go out this micro alloyed steel coarse grain zone under different thermal weld stress
Crystallite dimension as shown in Figure 1 (thermal weld stress range about 7~50kJ/cm).
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for predicting micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension, which is characterized in that the method is micro- for calculating
A series of original austenite grain size of alloy steel material coarse grain zone under the conditions of thermal weld stress, comprising the following steps:
Step 1) passes through the thermal cycle of thermal simulation micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region, and heating rate is 100~280K/s, peak temperature
For 1573~1673K, the peak temperature residence time is 0.5~2s, and cooling procedure will be welded using Rykalin 3D or 2D or other
Thermal model of the heat input as parameter is connect, thermal weld stress parameter is respectively X in thermal model1、X2And X3(X1<X2<X3)；It is right later
The sample in thermal simulation region carries out Metallographic Analysis, and statistics three thermal weld stress under the conditions of current Thermal Cycle are corresponding thick
The original austenite grain size of crystalline region；
Step 2) is according to above-mentioned steps 1) obtain three original austenite grain dimension datas, utilize crystal grain growth dynamics formulaBy numerical integration, using finite difference calculus, time interval takes 0.01~
Original austenite grain size and crystal grain under three heat inputs formula of growing up is fitted by 0.2s respectively, when passing through formula point
Three crystallite dimensions and original austenite grain dimension data that do not calculate obtain optimal fitting feelings when being all closer to
Condition, fitting result obtain M0And PZNumerical value；Wherein d is original austenite grain size, and n is the factor of growing up, M0It is pre-exponential factor,
QaIt is grain growth activation energy, R is gas constant, and T is temperature,It is crystal boundary driving force, γ is the crystal boundary of austenite
Can, PZIt is the active force that the second phase pinning generates, t is that temperature is more than A in temperature-rise periodC3Temperature temperature into temperature-fall period is low
In AC3Temperature duration, by AC3Temperature is set as a constant, utilizes the A for the micro alloyed steel that empirical equation is calculated3
Temperature, by M0And PZMake unknown constant, other parameters make known parameters, n=2, R=8.3J/ (molK), Qa=352185.31
+21827.26XC+19950.94XMn+7185.49XCr+7378.06XNi, the variation of n value does not influence subsequent parameter, in formula
Parameter be independent from each other, (XC、XMn、XCrAnd XNiThe weight percentage of C, Mn, Cr and Ni respectively in micro alloyed steel, meter
Calculation obtains QaUnit be J/mol), the data of t and T can be according to above-mentioned steps 1) use welding thermal model calculate
It arrives, γ=0.5J/m2)；
Step 3) is according to above-mentioned steps 2) it is fitted obtained M0And PZNumerical value and the crystal grain growth dynamics formula mentioned
The size of micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region original austenite grain size when thermal weld stress is X is calculated with identical method
(when the value range of X is [X1,X3] when, calculated result has very high confidence level, when the value range of X is (0, X1) or (X3,
When ∞), as the numerical value of X deviates X1Or X3Increasing, the departure degree of calculated result and actual conditions is gradually increased.
2. a kind of method for predicting micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region crystallite dimension as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that pass through
Thermal simulation using vanadium, niobium or (and) the micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region thermal cycle of titanium microalloying, heating rate 200K/s, peak
Value temperature be 1643K, the peak temperature residence time be 1s, cooling procedure using Rykalin 3D thermal model,λ=0.38J/ (cmsK), TP=1643K, E are thermal weld stress, and T ' is temperature seat
Mark, τ is time coordinate, and thermal weld stress parameter is respectively 14,20 and 36kJ/cm in thermal model；It is ground by metallographic, uses transversal
The average grain size that method counts to obtain weld coarse crystal region under three heat inputs is respectively 77 ± 4,83 ± 4 and 88 ± 3 μm；Using
Crystal grain is grown up formulaBy M0And PZFor unknown constant, the numerical value point of other parameters
Number takes n=2, R=8.3J/ (molK), Qa=400kJ/mol,γ=0.5J/m2；The time t of integrating range is
Temperature is more than that 1100K temperature into temperature-fall period is lower than 1100K duration, the temperature T of integrating range in temperature-rise period
It is determined with the relationship of time t by the weld coarse crystal region thermal cycle set；By micro alloyed steel weld coarse crystal region under three heat inputs
Average grain size formula of growing up respectively with crystal grain is fitted, in fit procedure the calculating of crystallite dimension using numerical integration and
Finite difference calculus, dt take 0.05s, the M fitted0And PZNumerical value be respectively 2.5m5/ (Js) and 1.08 × 103J/m3；It is welding
It connects under the conditions of heat input range is 7~50kJ/cm, grows up formula and the M that fits finally by crystal grain0And PZNumerical prediction
The crystallite dimension of this micro alloyed steel coarse grain zone under different thermal weld stress out.
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| CN111521461A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 东北大学 | Prediction method for austenite grain growth behavior in continuous casting billet heating process |
| CN112733285A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-04-30 | 山东寿光巨能特钢有限公司 | Method for determining continuous casting drawing speed of large-section manganese-containing alloy steel |
| CN112733285B (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2022-10-11 | 山东寿光巨能特钢有限公司 | Method for determining continuous casting drawing speed of large-section manganese-containing alloy steel |
| CN115954065A (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-04-11 | 重庆大学 | Prediction method for austenite grain size of TSCR (thyristor switched reactor) process of microalloyed steel |
| CN115954065B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2024-05-07 | 重庆大学 | Austenite grain size prediction method for micro-alloyed steel TSCR process |
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