CN109142512B - Automatic evaluation device and method for inclined cracks of in-service track - Google Patents
Automatic evaluation device and method for inclined cracks of in-service track Download PDFInfo
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- CN109142512B CN109142512B CN201810895884.XA CN201810895884A CN109142512B CN 109142512 B CN109142512 B CN 109142512B CN 201810895884 A CN201810895884 A CN 201810895884A CN 109142512 B CN109142512 B CN 109142512B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/72—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables
- G01N27/82—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws
- G01N27/90—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating magnetic variables for investigating the presence of flaws using eddy currents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61K—AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR RAILWAYS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61K9/00—Railway vehicle profile gauges; Detecting or indicating overheating of components; Apparatus on locomotives or cars to indicate bad track sections; General design of track recording vehicles
- B61K9/08—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way
- B61K9/10—Measuring installations for surveying permanent way for detecting cracks in rails or welds thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/24—Probes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N29/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves; Visualisation of the interior of objects by transmitting ultrasonic or sonic waves through the object
- G01N29/22—Details, e.g. general constructional or apparatus details
- G01N29/26—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor
- G01N29/265—Arrangements for orientation or scanning by relative movement of the head and the sensor by moving the sensor relative to a stationary material
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/02—Indexing codes associated with the analysed material
- G01N2291/028—Material parameters
- G01N2291/0289—Internal structure, e.g. defects, grain size, texture
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Magnetic Means (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic evaluation device and method for an in-service track inclined crack, the device comprises an eddy current detection sensor, a multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group, an eddy current detector and an ultrasonic detector, after the track tread overproof crack is reliably detected by using an eddy current method, the device and a group of ultrasonic probe groups with different incidence angles perform fusion contrast processing on detection data of the crack (the general surface crack extension inclination angle is between 7 and 20 degrees), so as to identify the trend and the hazard degree of the crack, and facilitate the processing of polishing, repair welding or rail replacement and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a nondestructive testing device and a nondestructive testing method, in particular to an in-service track inclined crack automatic evaluation device and an in-service track inclined crack automatic evaluation method.
Background
In-service rail flaw detection is one of important guarantee means for safe operation of trains. Transverse cracks (also called as fish scale marks) are usually found on the rail tread, and if the transverse cracks are not found and treated in time, rail breakage is possibly caused, so that train operation accidents are caused. In particular, the rails for running high-speed rail are not allowed to have cracks, so that the treads of the rails need to be frequently inspected and ground. However, since the cracks generated by the track are usually at a small angle (e.g., 7 ° to 20 °) to the horizontal plane, they are easily found by the eddy current method, but the propagation direction and depth range cannot be determined. The ultrasonic method is insensitive to surface defects, and because the ultrasonic probe and the worn rail head need to ensure good coupling, false signals are easy to generate, so that the automatic flaw detection reliability of the in-service rail cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an automatic evaluation device and method for inclined cracks of an in-service track, which are characterized in that after the overproof cracks of a track tread are reliably detected by using an eddy current method, detection data of the cracks (the general surface crack extension inclination angle is between 7 and 20 degrees) are fused and contrasted with a group of ultrasonic probe sets with different incidence angles, so that the trend and the hazard degree of the cracks are identified, and the processing such as grinding, repair welding or track replacement is convenient.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides an at labour track oblique crack automatic assessment device, includes eddy current test sensor, multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group, vortex detector, ultrasonic detector, its characterized in that: the eddy current detection sensor and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group are arranged, integrated and fixed in the front-back direction along the scanning direction; the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group is formed by arranging a plurality of ultrasonic detection probes with different incidence angles back and forth along the scanning direction; the eddy current detection sensor is electrically connected with the eddy current detector; the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group is electrically connected with the ultrasonic detector.
The system further comprises a rail car, wherein the eddy current detection sensor and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group are fixed on a scanning frame on the rail car, and the detection surfaces of the eddy current detection sensor and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group are opposite to the rail tread; the eddy current detector and the ultrasonic detector are fixed on the rail car.
The U-shaped magnet is fixed at an eddy current detection sensor in the rail car, the eddy current detection sensor is positioned between two arms of the U-shaped magnet, two magnetic pole end faces of the U-shaped magnet are respectively fixed with a ferromagnetic wheel, the two ferromagnetic wheels of the two magnetic pole end faces of the U-shaped magnet are in contact with the surface of the detected rail to magnetize the surface of the detected rail, the influence of nonuniform magnetic permeability of the detected rail on eddy current detection is eliminated, the penetration depth of eddy current is improved, and the probe shaking in the process of advancing is restrained to a certain extent.
The automatic evaluation method for the inclined cracks of the in-service track adopts the device, and is characterized in that: the rail car runs along a rail at a constant speed, two magnetic poles of the U-shaped magnet are in contact with the surface of the rail to be detected through the ferromagnetic wheels to magnetize the surface of the rail to be detected, the eddy current detection sensor between two arms of the U-shaped magnet scans the tread of the rail, after a crack on the tread of the rail is scanned, the crack depth is scanned by the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group arranged behind the probe, ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic detection probes with different incidence angles can cover one section of the rail behind the probe crack, and therefore the trend and the depth range of the inclined crack expanding obliquely downwards can be accurately detected through related data fusion processing.
The invention has the beneficial effects that after the overproof cracks on the tread of the rail are reliably detected by using the eddy current method, the device and the method are fused with a group of ultrasonic probe sets with different incidence angles to perform contrast processing on the detection data of the cracks (the general surface crack extension inclination angle is between 7 and 20 degrees), so as to identify the trend and the hazard degree of the cracks, and facilitate the processing of polishing, repair welding or rail replacement.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
Drawings
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to an embodiment in the drawing.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus and a method according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus and a method according to a second embodiment of the invention.
In the figure, 1 is an eddy current detection sensor, 2 is a multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group, 3 is an eddy current detector, 4 is an ultrasonic detector, 5 is a rail car, 6 is a rail, 7 is an inclined crack, 8 is a U-shaped magnet, and 80 is a ferromagnetic wheel.
Detailed Description
In the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, an in-service track oblique crack automatic evaluation device includes an eddy current testing sensor 1, a multi-angle ultrasonic testing probe set 2, an eddy current testing instrument 3, an ultrasonic testing instrument 4, and a rail car 5, and is characterized in that: the eddy current detection sensor 1 and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group 2 are arranged, integrated and fixed in the front-back direction along the scanning direction; the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group 2 is formed by arranging a plurality of ultrasonic detection probes with different incidence angles back and forth along the scanning direction; the eddy current detection sensor 1 is electrically connected with the eddy current detector 3; the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group 2 is electrically connected with the ultrasonic detector 4. The eddy current detection sensor 1 and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group 2 are fixed on a scanning frame on the rail car 5, and the detection surfaces of the eddy current detection sensor 1 and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group 2 are opposite to the rail tread; the eddy current detector 3 and the ultrasonic detector 4 are fixed on the rail car 5.
In the second embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the second embodiment further includes a U-shaped magnet 8, the U-shaped magnet 8 is fixed at an eddy current detection sensor in the rail car, the eddy current detection sensor is located between two arms of the U-shaped magnet 8, one ferromagnetic wheel 80 is fixed on each of two magnetic pole end faces of the U-shaped magnet 8, and the two ferromagnetic wheels 80 on each of the two magnetic pole end faces of the U-shaped magnet 8 are in contact with the surface of the rail to be detected to magnetize the surface of the rail to be detected, so as to eliminate the influence of the nonuniform magnetic permeability of the rail to be detected on eddy current detection, improve the penetration depth of eddy current, and play a certain role in inhibiting the probe shaking.
The automatic evaluation method for the inclined cracks of the in-service track adopts the device, and is characterized in that: the rail car 5 runs along the rail 6 at a uniform speed, two magnetic poles of the U-shaped magnet 8 are in contact with the surface of the rail to be detected through the ferromagnetic wheels 80 to magnetize the surface of the rail to be detected, the eddy current detection sensor 1 between two arms of the U-shaped magnet 8 scans the tread of the rail 6, after the cracks on the tread of the rail 6 are scanned, the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group 2 arranged behind the tread scans the crack depth, ultrasonic waves emitted by ultrasonic detection probes with different incidence angles can cover one section of the rail 6 behind the detected crack, and therefore the trend and the depth range of the inclined crack 7 expanding towards the inclined lower part can be accurately detected through related data fusion processing.
The above embodiments are only used to further illustrate the in-service track oblique crack automatic evaluation device and method of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides an at labour track oblique crack automatic assessment device, includes eddy current test sensor, multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group, eddy current detector, ultrasonic detector, railcar, U type magnet, its characterized in that: the eddy current detection sensor and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group are integrally fixed in a front-back arrangement mode along a scanning direction so as to be used for scanning and detecting rail tread cracks; the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group is formed by arranging a plurality of ultrasonic detection probes with different incidence angles back and forth along the scanning direction; the eddy current detection sensor is electrically connected with the eddy current detector; the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group is electrically connected with the ultrasonic detector;
the eddy current detection sensor and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group are fixed on a scanning frame on the rail car, and the detection surfaces of the eddy current detection sensor and the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group are opposite to the rail tread; the eddy current detector and the ultrasonic detector are fixed on the rail car;
the U-shaped magnet is fixed at an eddy current detection sensor in the rail car, the eddy current detection sensor is positioned between two arms of the U-shaped magnet, two magnetic pole end faces of the U-shaped magnet are respectively fixed with a ferromagnetic wheel, the two ferromagnetic wheels of the two magnetic pole end faces of the U-shaped magnet are in contact with the surface of the detected rail to magnetize the surface of the detected rail, the influence of nonuniform magnetic permeability of the detected rail on eddy current detection is eliminated, the penetration depth of eddy current is improved, and a certain inhibiting effect is achieved on probe shaking in the process of advancing.
2. An in-service rail oblique crack automatic evaluation method, which adopts the device of claim 1, and is characterized in that: the rail car runs along a rail at a constant speed, two magnetic poles of the U-shaped magnet are in contact with the surface of the rail to be detected through the ferromagnetic wheels to magnetize the surface of the rail to be detected, the eddy current detection sensor between two arms of the U-shaped magnet scans the tread of the rail, after a crack on the tread of the rail is scanned, the crack depth is scanned by the multi-angle ultrasonic detection probe group arranged behind the probe, ultrasonic waves emitted by the ultrasonic detection probes with different incidence angles can cover one section of the rail behind the probe crack, and therefore the trend and the depth range of the inclined crack expanding obliquely downwards can be accurately detected through related data fusion processing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810895884.XA CN109142512B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Automatic evaluation device and method for inclined cracks of in-service track |
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| CN201810895884.XA CN109142512B (en) | 2018-08-08 | 2018-08-08 | Automatic evaluation device and method for inclined cracks of in-service track |
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| CN109142512A CN109142512A (en) | 2019-01-04 |
| CN109142512B true CN109142512B (en) | 2020-11-03 |
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| CN109959704B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2022-11-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Multi-directional sensitive array eddy current detection method for rail bottom of steel rail |
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| US4143553A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-03-13 | Automation Industries, Inc. | Contoured search unit for detecting internal flaws |
| JPS5995457A (en) * | 1982-11-25 | 1984-06-01 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Ultrasonic flaw detector |
| CN102411028A (en) * | 2011-08-24 | 2012-04-11 | 中国科学院等离子体物理研究所 | Eddy-current nondestructive detection method of high-heat load component connection quality for nuclear fusion device block pipe structure |
| CN103645244B (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2016-07-06 | 德阳市德东电工机械制造有限公司 | The non-destructive detection device of continuous casting and rolling production line and method of detection thereof |
| CN104634866B (en) * | 2015-02-16 | 2017-07-18 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | The device and method of Metal Crack trend and depth is assessed using ultrasonic electromagnetic principle |
| JP6368660B2 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2018-08-01 | 日立Ｇｅニュークリア・エナジー株式会社 | Ultrasonic inspection method and ultrasonic inspection apparatus |
| CN204964448U (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2016-01-13 | 张军 | Rail failure detection instrument |
| CN108267504B (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2021-08-24 | 爱德森（厦门）电子有限公司 | Dynamic in-situ monitoring method for blades in ferromagnetic engine shell |
| CN207408351U (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-05-25 | 兰州交通大学 | A kind of rail examination detection device |
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