CN109140796B - Solar power generation device - Google Patents
Solar power generation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN109140796B CN109140796B CN201811333008.4A CN201811333008A CN109140796B CN 109140796 B CN109140796 B CN 109140796B CN 201811333008 A CN201811333008 A CN 201811333008A CN 109140796 B CN109140796 B CN 109140796B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N11/00—Generators or motors not provided for elsewhere; Alleged perpetua mobilia obtained by electric or magnetic means
- H02N11/002—Generators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, and discloses a solar power generation device which comprises a condenser, a receiver, a power generation system, two illuminance sensors, a driving device and a control device, wherein the condenser is used for condensing light rays to the receiver; the receiver is used for converting light energy into heat energy and providing the heat energy to the power generation system; the two illuminance sensors are symmetrically arranged in the condenser, and each illuminance sensor is used for detecting the illumination intensity at the corresponding arrangement position; the control device is respectively in signal connection with the driving device and each illumination sensor and is used for controlling the driving device to rotate/stop towards a determined driving direction according to the illumination intensity detected by the two illumination sensors, wherein the driving direction is one side of the position corresponding to the illumination sensor with weaker illumination intensity detected by the two illumination sensors; the driving device is used for driving/stopping the condenser and the receiver to synchronously rotate under the control of the control device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solar power generation, in particular to a solar power generation device.
Background
With the increasing severity of energy crisis and environmental deterioration, solar energy has good development prospect as a renewable clean energy. In the prior art, a condenser is generally used to condense light onto a receiver to increase the energy flux density per unit area of the receiver, and the part of light energy irradiated on the receiver is used for heating or power generation. However, solar energy has low density and gap, and the spatial distribution is not uniform, and meanwhile, when solar radiation irradiates to a condenser at a horizontal position at a certain oblique angle, a part of light is reflected by a reflector in the condenser and then enters a receiver, and a large part of light is reflected by the reflector and then exits from a light collecting port of the condenser, so that the intensity of the solar radiation received by the receiver is lost to a certain extent, and energy loss is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a solar power generation device, which is used for reducing illumination loss and improving the utilization rate of light energy.
The embodiment of the invention provides a solar power generation device, which comprises a condenser, a receiver, a power generation system, two illuminance sensors, a driving device and a control device, wherein:
the condenser is used for condensing the light rays to the receiver;
the receiver is used for converting light energy into heat energy and providing the heat energy to the power generation system;
the power generation system is used for converting heat energy into electric energy;
the two illuminance sensors are symmetrically arranged in the condenser, and each illuminance sensor is used for detecting the illumination intensity at the corresponding arrangement position;
the control device is respectively in signal connection with the driving device and each illuminance sensor, and is used for controlling the driving device to rotate/stop towards a determined driving direction according to the intensity of illumination detected by the two illuminance sensors, wherein the driving direction is one side of the two illuminance sensors, which is correspondingly arranged on the illuminance sensor with weaker intensity of illumination detected by the two illuminance sensors;
and the driving device is used for driving/stopping driving the condenser and the receiver to synchronously rotate under the control of the control device.
In the embodiment, the incident light of the sun enters the condenser from the daylight opening, the solar light is converged on the receiver through the reflection of the reflector, and the receiver converts the part of light energy into heat energy and transmits the heat energy to the power generation system; in the process, the driving device and the control device are arranged, so that the condenser can tilt along with the rotation of the sun, the lighting opening and the incident light of the sun are always kept vertical, and the radiation energy of the receiver in unit area can be maximized.
In a specific embodiment, the control device is specifically configured to control the driving device to rotate towards the determined driving direction when the difference between the illumination intensities detected by the two illumination sensors reaches a set upper limit value; and when the difference value of the illumination intensities detected by the two illumination intensity sensors reaches a set lower limit value, controlling the driving device to stop rotating.
In the specific setting, the receiver is a flat plate type receiver, and the condenser comprises two reflectors which are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of a light absorption surface of the flat plate type receiver; the reflecting surfaces of the two reflectors are opposite, and each reflector is used for reflecting light rays to the flat-plate type receiver.
Preferably, each of the light intensity sensors is disposed at a connection between the corresponding reflector and the flat panel receiver. The intensity of the light received by the receiver is ensured to be maximum when the light intensities detected by the two light intensity sensors are the same or tend to be the same.
Preferably, the power generation system comprises a thermoelectric generator, and the hot end of the thermoelectric generator is attached to one surface of the flat plate type receiver, which is opposite to the light absorption surface. The arrangement mode is favorable for increasing the contact area between the thermoelectric generator and the flat plate type receiver and improving the heat transfer efficiency.
Preferably, a water circulation refrigerating device is arranged at the cold end of the thermoelectric generator.
In order to increase the temperature difference value between the cold end and the hot end of the temperature difference generator to the maximum extent and improve the conversion efficiency of electric energy, the cold end of the temperature difference generator can adopt a semiconductor cold plate.
In any of the above arrangements, the concentrator is a compound parabolic concentrator. The compound parabolic condenser can ensure that light rays with an included angle with the symmetry axis of the compound parabolic condenser not larger than the maximum receiving half angle are incident on the receiver.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solar power generation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the condenser and receiver shown in fig. 1.
Reference numerals:
10-condenser 11-reflector 12-daylight opening
20-receiver 30-illuminance sensor 40-thermoelectric generator
50-combined power generation system controller 60-battery 70-inverter 80-lighting system
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides a solar power generation device, which is used for gathering low-density solar energy and realizing high-efficiency conversion from light energy to electric energy, and comprises a condenser, a receiver, a power generation system, two illuminance sensors, a driving device and a control device, wherein:
a condenser for condensing the light onto the receiver;
the receiver is used for converting light energy into heat energy and providing the heat energy to the power generation system;
the power generation system is used for converting the heat energy into electric energy;
the two illuminance sensors are symmetrically arranged in the condenser, and each illuminance sensor is used for detecting the illumination intensity at the corresponding arrangement position;
the control device is respectively in signal connection with the driving device and each illumination sensor and is used for controlling the driving device to rotate/stop towards a determined driving direction according to the illumination intensity detected by the two illumination sensors, wherein the driving direction is one side of the position corresponding to the illumination sensor with weaker illumination intensity detected by the two illumination sensors;
and the driving device is used for driving/stopping driving the condenser and the receiver to synchronously rotate under the control of the control device.
In the above embodiment, after the incident light of the sun enters the condenser through the daylight opening, a part of the light can be reflected by the reflector and converged on the receiver or directly incident and converged on the receiver, so that the radiation energy obtained on the unit area of the receiver is increased, and the receiver converts the part of the light energy into heat energy and transmits the heat energy to the power generation system for power generation; in the process, under the coordination of the illuminance sensor, the driving device and the control device, the condenser continuously tracks the sun and inclines along with the rotation of the sun, so that the incident light of the daylight opening and the sun is always kept vertical or close to vertical, and the radiation energy of the receiver on the unit area can be maximized.
For the sake of facilitating understanding of the solar power generation device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the structure thereof will be described in detail below with reference to the specific drawings and the embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1, the solar power generation apparatus includes a condenser 10, a receiver 20, and a power generation system, wherein the condenser 10 is used for condensing an incident light beam on the receiver 20 to increase the radiation energy obtained per unit area of the receiver 20, the receiver 20 is used for converting light energy into heat energy and providing the heat energy to the power generation system, the receiver 20 may be a flat plate type receiver, a circular tube type receiver, or the like, the power generation system generates power by using the heat energy, and the obtained power is stored in a storage battery or used for illumination or the like. When the condenser 10 is specifically arranged, the two reflectors 11 are included, the reflecting surfaces of the two reflectors 11 are arranged oppositely, and each reflector 11 is used for reflecting light rays to the receiver 20, so that the radiation energy per unit area of the receiver 20 is increased; specifically, the receiver 20 is disposed at the bottom of the light collector 10, the receiver 20 is a flat-plate receiver, and the two reflectors 11 are respectively disposed at two opposite sides of a light absorption surface of the flat-plate receiver. In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the light concentrator 10 is a compound parabolic light concentrator, the two reflectors 11 are also parabolic reflectors and are symmetrically arranged, the compound parabolic light concentrator and the flat-plate receiver form a U-shaped structure, the two parabolic reflectors form a light collecting port 12 at the upper end, after light is emitted from the light collecting port 12, a part of light can be directly incident and converged on the receiver, a part of light is converged on the receiver 20 after being reflected by the reflecting surface, and a part of light is emitted from the light collecting port 12 after being reflected by the reflecting surface, so that the compound parabolic light concentrator can ensure that light having an included angle with the symmetry axis thereof not more than the maximum receiving half angle θ is emitted onto the receiver 20.
Since solar energy has low density and gap properties and uneven spatial distribution, when solar radiation is emitted to the horizontally arranged condenser 10 at a certain oblique angle, a large part of light is reflected by the reflector 11 and then emitted from the light collecting port 12 of the condenser 10, so that the intensity of the solar radiation received by the receiver 20 is lost to a certain extent, therefore, in order to reduce the loss, in the present embodiment, the solar power generation apparatus further comprises two illuminance sensors 30, a driving device and a control device, the two illuminance sensors 30 are symmetrically arranged in the condenser 10, each illuminance sensor 30 is respectively used for detecting the illuminance at the corresponding arrangement position, as shown in fig. 2, the illuminance sensors 30 are respectively arranged at the corresponding positions on the two reflectors 11, preferably, each illuminance sensor 30 is arranged at the connection position between the reflector 11 and the receiver 20, thereby ensuring that the intensity of the light received by the receiver 20 is maximized when the intensities of the lights detected by the two light intensity sensors 30 are the same or tend to be the same; the control device is respectively in signal connection with the driving device and each illumination sensor, and is used for controlling the driving device to rotate/stop towards a determined driving direction according to the illumination intensity detected by the two illumination sensors 30, wherein the driving direction is the side, corresponding to the illumination sensor 30 with weaker illumination intensity, of the two illumination sensors 30; the driving means is used for driving/stopping the driving of the condenser 10 and the receiver 20 to rotate synchronously under the control of the control means. Thus, under the cooperation of the illuminance sensor 30, the driving device and the control device, the concentrator 10 can tilt along with the rotation of the sun, so that the lighting opening 12 and the incident light of the sun are always kept vertical or close to vertical, and the maximum radiation energy per unit area of the receiver 20 is ensured.
In a specific embodiment, the control device is specifically configured to control the driving device to rotate towards a determined driving direction when the difference between the illumination intensities detected by the two illumination sensors 30 reaches a set upper limit value, at this time, under the driving of the driving device, the condenser 10 and the receiver 20 tilt towards the side with weaker illumination intensity, so that the incident light of the sun gradually tends to be perpendicular to the daylight opening 12, and meanwhile, the illumination intensities detected by the two illumination sensors 30 also gradually tend to be the same as the rotation of the condenser 10; the control device is further configured to control the driving device to stop rotating when the difference between the light intensities detected by the two light intensity sensors 30 reaches a set lower limit value, and at this time, the solar power generation device will maintain the position to generate power until the difference between the light intensities detected by the two light intensity sensors 30 reaches the set upper limit value again along with the rotation of the sun.
In the working process, taking the initial position of the condenser 10 as the horizontal position as an example, when the sun irradiates the condenser 10 at the horizontal position at a certain oblique angle, the light rays incident on the two reflectors 11 from the light collecting port 12 will be non-uniform, that is, the illuminance sensors 30 disposed at the corresponding positions on the two reflectors 11 will receive the light rays with different intensities, so as to generate a difference value, when the difference value reaches the set upper limit value, the control device will send a rotation signal to the driving device to rotate towards the side with weaker intensity of light, and after receiving the rotation signal, the driving device will drive the condenser 10 and the receiver 20 to synchronously rotate towards the side with weaker intensity of light, that is, to rotate towards the direction of reducing the difference value. Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in the solar power generation apparatus, the driving device simultaneously drives the condenser 10, the receiver 20 and the thermoelectric generator 40 to rotate in a direction to reduce the difference, during the rotation, the amount of light entering the daylight opening 12 changes along with the change of the inclination angle of the daylight opening 12, the intensity of light received by the illuminance sensor 30 changes along with the change of the inclination angle of the daylight opening 12, when the difference between the two gradually decreases and meets a set lower limit value, the control device sends a rotation stop signal to the driving device, and the driving device drives the condenser 10 and the receiver 20 to stop rotating after receiving the rotation stop signal, and at this time, the solar power generation apparatus keeps at the position to generate power. With the rotation of the sun, the control device will work again after the incident angle of the solar ray changes, continuously track the sun, and ensure that the incident ray of the daylight opening 12 and the sun is always vertical or close to vertical, thereby maximizing the radiation energy of the receiver 20 in unit area.
In this embodiment, the power generation system employs a thermoelectric generator 40, and the thermoelectric generator 40 mainly uses a thermoelectric effect to transport energy through carriers (electrons and holes), thereby realizing conversion between thermal energy and electric energy. When the flat plate type receiver is adopted, the hot end of the temperature difference generator 40 is attached to the surface, which is arranged on the flat plate type receiver and deviates from the light absorption surface, of the flat plate type receiver, so that the contact area between the receiver 20 and the hot end of the temperature difference generator 40 is favorably increased, and the heat transfer efficiency is improved; the cold junction of thermoelectric generator 40 is provided with water circulation refrigerating plant or the cold piece of semiconductor to, in order to improve the difference in temperature between the cold junction of thermoelectric generator 40 and the hot junction, improve the generating efficiency, the preferred, the cold junction of thermoelectric generator 40 adopts the cold piece of semiconductor. As shown in fig. 1, the power generation system further includes a combined power generation system controller 50, a battery 60, an inverter 70, and a lighting system 80, and the electric power generated by the thermoelectric generator 40 may be stored in the battery 60 through the combined power generation system controller 50 and may be used for the lighting system 80 through the inverter 70, so as to solve the problem of shortage of electric power supply in regions such as cities.
As can be seen from the above description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the incident light of the sun is converged onto the receiver 20 by the condenser 10 to increase the energy flux density; the receiver 20 converts the part of the light energy into heat energy and transfers the heat energy to a power generation system for power generation; in this process, the concentrator 10 will continuously track the sun and tilt as the sun rotates, thereby ensuring that the daylight opening 12 and the incident rays of the sun remain vertical or nearly vertical, thus maximizing the radiant energy per unit area of the receiver 20.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (7)
1. A solar power generation device is characterized by comprising a condenser, a receiver, a power generation system, two illuminance sensors, a driving device and a control device, wherein:
the condenser is used for condensing the light rays to the receiver;
the receiver is used for converting light energy into heat energy and providing the heat energy to the power generation system;
the power generation system is used for converting heat energy into electric energy;
the two illuminance sensors are symmetrically arranged in the condenser, and each illuminance sensor is used for detecting the illumination intensity at the corresponding arrangement position;
the control device is respectively in signal connection with the driving device and each illuminance sensor, and is used for controlling the driving device to rotate/stop towards a determined driving direction according to the intensity of illumination detected by the two illuminance sensors, wherein the driving direction is one side of the two illuminance sensors, which is correspondingly arranged on the illuminance sensor with weaker intensity of illumination detected by the two illuminance sensors;
the driving device is used for driving/stopping driving the condenser and the receiver to synchronously rotate under the control of the control device;
the receiver is a flat-plate receiver, the condenser comprises two reflectors, and the two reflectors are respectively positioned on two opposite sides of a light absorption surface of the flat-plate receiver; the reflecting surfaces of the two reflectors are opposite, and each reflector is used for reflecting light rays to the flat-plate type receiver.
2. The solar power generation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control device is configured to control the driving device to rotate toward a specific driving direction when a difference between the illumination intensities detected by the two illumination sensors reaches a set upper limit value; and when the difference value of the illumination intensities detected by the two illumination intensity sensors reaches a set lower limit value, controlling the driving device to stop rotating.
3. The solar power generation apparatus of claim 1, wherein each of the light intensity sensors is disposed at a junction of the corresponding reflector and the flat panel receiver.
4. The solar power plant of claim 1, wherein the power generation system comprises a thermoelectric generator having a hot end attached to a face of the planar receiver disposed away from the light absorbing surface.
5. The solar power plant of claim 4, wherein the cold end of the thermoelectric generator is provided with a water circulation cooling device.
6. Solar power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that the cold end of the thermoelectric generator is provided with semiconductor cold plates.
7. A solar power plant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the concentrator is a compound parabolic concentrator.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811333008.4A CN109140796B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Solar power generation device |
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| CN201811333008.4A CN109140796B (en) | 2018-11-09 | 2018-11-09 | Solar power generation device |
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| CN109140796B true CN109140796B (en) | 2020-05-26 |
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| CN115598816B (en) * | 2022-12-07 | 2023-04-21 | 昆明理工大学 | Non-imaging condenser with separated surface and construction method of mathematical model of non-imaging condenser |
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| JP2005026515A (en) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-27 | Nippon Bismuth Kk | Photoelectric conversion system |
| CN101354021B (en) * | 2007-07-27 | 2010-06-02 | 张文广 | Solar heat compound electricity generation system |
| CN102082195B (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2012-03-07 | 南通大学 | Automatic-tracking double paraboloids light-concentrating, power-generating and heating system |
| CN102480249A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2012-05-30 | 长春市铮徽机械制造有限公司 | Solar power generating and heat collecting device |
| CN102208473B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2014-06-18 | 武汉凹伟能源科技有限公司 | Low-power concentrating power generation module of solar power generation |
| MX352193B (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2017-10-27 | Inventive Power Sa De Cv | Flexible system of small-scale linear parabolic solar concentrators for power generation and dehydration. |
| CN103368464A (en) * | 2012-04-03 | 2013-10-23 | 赵吉庆 | Intelligent tracking solar-powered semiconductor temperature difference generation device |
| CN204578407U (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2015-08-19 | 锦州阳光气象科技有限公司 | The hot generator experimental system of solar energy butterfly |
| CN105262374A (en) * | 2015-11-27 | 2016-01-20 | 兴化市成顺消防科技研究院有限公司 | Wild light tracing-type temperature difference power generation device |
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