CN109133821B - Chaff ash-based composite humidity-controlling material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Chaff ash-based composite humidity-controlling material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109133821B CN109133821B CN201810843111.7A CN201810843111A CN109133821B CN 109133821 B CN109133821 B CN 109133821B CN 201810843111 A CN201810843111 A CN 201810843111A CN 109133821 B CN109133821 B CN 109133821B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to a chaff ash-based composite humidity-controlling material and a preparation method thereof. The humidity-controlling material is prepared from rice husk ash, an inorganic porous mineral raw material and an inorganic modification admixture in a volume ratio of (6-8): (3-5): 1, wherein the inorganic modified admixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 94-96% of steel plant slag, 2-3% of ceramic plant polishing slag and 2-3% of inorganic additive. The rice husk ash-based composite humidity-regulating material provided by the invention has the advantages of energy conservation, low production cost, good humidity-regulating performance, high strength, good water resistance and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building materials, and particularly relates to a chaff ash-based composite humidity-controlling material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Proper indoor humidity is one of the important factors for ensuring the comfort and health of human life. The air humidity is an important index for evaluating the environmental comfort, and the human body feels most comfortable when the relative air humidity is 40-60%. At present, people mainly adjust the relative humidity of indoor air through mechanical means such as a humidifier, an air conditioner and the like. The humidity regulation and control method is an ecological regulation and control method, energy is consumed for humidity regulation and control by a mechanical method, indoor humidity is reasonably regulated and controlled by the humidity absorption and release characteristics of the humidity regulation material, and the humidity change of a regulated space is sensed by the humidity absorption and release performance of the humidity regulation material without the help of any artificial resource and mechanical equipment, so that the relative humidity of air is automatically regulated, and non-renewable energy sources such as electric power and the like are not consumed.
The study of controlling the humidity by using the moisture absorption and desorption characteristics of materials has been presented earlier in japan. In recent decades, with the effect of humidity in human living environment, the influence on thermal comfort and air quality, many researches on building humidity control materials have been carried out, and currently, humidity control materials researched at home and abroad are mainly divided into 5 types: special silica gel, inorganic salts, inorganic porous mineral materials, organic polymer materials and composite humidity-regulating materials. For inorganic porous mineral materials, researchers use inorganic minerals such as sepiolite, zeolite and diatomite as main materials and prepare inorganic mineral-based humidity control materials by methods such as heat treatment, roasting and the like; inorganic salts such as calcium chloride and ammonium chloride are used for modifying inorganic mineral materials such as kieselguhr and zeolite to prepare the composite humidity-controlling material, but generally, the humidity-controlling material prepared by using mineral raw materials as main raw materials has high cost, and the humidity-controlling material with single composition has unsatisfactory comprehensive performances such as humidity-controlling performance, strength and water resistance, so that the application of the humidity-controlling material is limited.
The Chinese patent CN106045461A filed by the inventor of the invention discloses a preparation method of a diatomite ecological humidity-regulating material, which takes natural diatomite, slag of iron and steel works and inorganic additives as raw materials to prepare the humidity-regulating material, and has the defects that: the maximum moisture absorption and desorption balance moisture content is only 16 percent and 14 percent, the adjustment range of the indoor air in a humid area is not large enough, and for a damp and hot area in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze river, the maximum moisture absorption and desorption balance moisture content of the humidity adjusting material is larger, and the humidity adjusting effect is better.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide the rice husk ash-based composite humidity-controlling material and the preparation method thereof. The invention also provides a preparation method of the humidity control material, and the humidity control material has low cost, good humidity control performance, high strength and good water resistance, can improve the indoor environment and human comfort of buildings, and can reduce the energy consumption of the buildings.
The invention aims to provide a rice husk ash-based composite humidity-controlling material, which comprises the following raw materials: rice husk ash, inorganic porous mineral raw materials, inorganic modified admixtures and water;
the volume ratio of the rice husk ash to the inorganic porous mineral raw material to the inorganic modification admixture is (6-8): (3-5): 1;
the inorganic modified admixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 94-96% of steel plant slag, 2-3% of ceramic plant polishing slag and 2-3% of inorganic additive.
In the present invention, the rice hull ash is the product of combustion of rice hulls, which have a certain amount of amorphous SiO2The volcanic ash has better activity; the rice husk ash particles are in an irregular layered structure, have a large number of nano-scale micropores, and can absorb, store and release moisture in the air. If a reasonable material synthesis method is adopted, the humidity control material with good comprehensive performances such as humidity control performance, strength, water resistance and the like can be prepared.
The inorganic porous mineral raw materials such as natural diatomite, natural sepiolite, natural zeolite and the like have the characteristics of developed porous structure, large specific surface area and strong adsorption capacity. The special pore channel structure and the larger pore volume of the inorganic porous mineral raw material provide a storage space for regulating the indoor air humidity, so that the inorganic porous mineral has the function of regulating and controlling the relative humidity.
In the invention, the inorganic porous mineral raw materials such as natural diatomite, natural sepiolite, natural zeolite and the like are all porous structures, have large specific surface area and have strong adsorption effect on water. The rice husk ash contains rich micropores and also contains carbonaceous particles with stronger adsorption capacity. Therefore, the rice husk ash is matched with the porous mineral raw material, so that the moisture absorbing and releasing capacity of the material can be greatly improved. In addition, the rice husk ash and the inorganic porous mineral raw material contain a certain amount of active SiO2And Al2O3. These active SiO2、Al2O3And the calcium ions in the inorganic modified admixture generate hard coagulation reaction to generate water-insoluble calcium silicate and calcium aluminate hydrate. In addition, ion exchange and aggregation occur between cations in the raw material and calcium ions in the inorganic modifying admixture. Over time, ion exchange, agglomeration and hard setting reactions produce an increasing number of compounds that ultimately produce strength and water resistance.
Preferably, the inorganic porous mineral raw material is selected from one or more of natural diatomaceous earth, natural sepiolite and natural zeolite.
Preferably, the inorganic modifying admixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 95 percent of slag of steel works, 2 to 3 percent of polishing slag of ceramic works and 2 to 3 percent of inorganic additive.
Preferably, the inorganic additive is CaO.
Preferably, the fineness of the husk ash is 180-220 meshes.
Preferably, the fineness of the inorganic porous mineral raw material is 180-220 meshes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the rice husk ash-based composite humidity-controlling material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) grinding the rice husk ash to 180-220 meshes;
(2) grinding inorganic porous mineral raw materials to 180-220 meshes;
(3) according to the weight percentage, 94 to 96 percent of slag of a steel plant, 2 to 3 percent of polishing slag of a ceramic plant and 2 to 3 percent of inorganic additive are evenly mixed to obtain inorganic modified admixture;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of (6-8) mixing the rice husk ash in the step (1), the inorganic porous mineral raw material in the step (2) and the inorganic modification admixture in the step (3) in a volume ratio of: (3-5): 1, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water to control the water content of the mixture to be 26-38%, uniformly mixing, filling the mixture into a die, and plastering and pressing the mixture into a product, or extruding the product by using an extruder or plastering and pressing the product on the surface of an inner wall into a plastering layer with the thickness of 5-10 mm according to a plastering and pressing mode;
(5) curing for 14-21 days at normal temperature and relative humidity of 40% -75%.
Preferably, the inorganic porous mineral raw material is selected from one or more of natural diatomaceous earth, natural sepiolite and natural zeolite.
Experiments prove that the humidity control material prepared by the method has the maximum moisture absorption and desorption equilibrium moisture contents of 28 percent and 26 percent respectively, the compressive strength of more than or equal to 7.5MPa and the softening coefficient of more than or equal to 0.65.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the porous structure of inorganic porous mineral raw materials such as natural diatomite, natural sepiolite, natural zeolite and the like, and the rice husk ash contain rich micropores and carbon particles with stronger adsorption capacity, so that the prepared humidity-controlling material has better humidity absorption and desorption capacity compared with the humidity-controlling material disclosed in CN 106045461A; the husk ash contains active SiO2Therefore, the humidity control material prepared by the modified admixture has higher strength compared with the humidity control material disclosed in the prior art CN 106045461A. The invention takes the rice husk ash as the main raw material, and compounds the rice husk ash with natural porous raw materials of diatomite (or sepiolite, zeolite, etc.) and a small amount of inorganic modified admixture, and the composite humidity-controlling material prepared by natural curing has the advantages of energy saving, low production cost, good humidity-controlling performance, high strength, good water resistance, etc. The preparation method has the advantages of low production cost and simple preparation methodControllable and suitable for industrial production.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the present invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications or substitutions of the methods, procedures or conditions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention and the experimental procedures in the examples of the present invention are routine unless otherwise indicated without departing from the spirit and substance of the present invention. The raw materials related to the examples of the present invention are all general commercial products and can be purchased from the market unless otherwise specified, and the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples:
example 1
The rice husk ash and the natural diatomite are ground into 200 meshes. 95 percent of slag from iron and steel works, 2 percent of polishing slag from ceramic works and 3 percent of CaO as an inorganic additive are mixed uniformly to obtain the inorganic modified admixture. Uniformly mixing the rice husk ash, the natural diatomite and the inorganic modified admixture according to the volume ratio of 8:4:1, adding water, controlling the water content of the mixture to be 36%, uniformly mixing, and extruding a sheet by using an extruder. The sheet is maintained for 20 days at normal temperature and relative humidity of 60% in west and west, and the composite humidifying sheet with maximum moisture absorption and desorption equilibrium moisture content of 27.5% and 25.6%, compressive strength of 7.8MPa and softening coefficient of 0.67 is prepared.
Example 2
The rice husk ash and the natural sepiolite are ground to 220 meshes. 95 percent of slag of a steel plant, 2.5 percent of polishing slag of a ceramic plant and 2.5 percent of inorganic additive CaO are uniformly mixed to obtain the inorganic modified admixture. Uniformly mixing the rice husk ash, the natural sepiolite and the inorganic modified admixture according to the volume ratio of 7:4:1, adding water to control the water content of the mixture to be 32%, and plastering and pressing the mixture on the surface of the inner wall to form a plastering layer with the thickness of 8mm in a plastering and pressing mode after uniform mixing. The finishing layer is maintained for 18 days at normal temperature and relative humidity of about 60 percent, and the finishing layer of the composite humidity-controlling material with maximum moisture absorption and desorption equilibrium moisture contents of 24 percent and 22.7 percent respectively, compressive strength of 10.0MPa and softening coefficient of 0.75 is formed.
Example 3
The rice husk ash and the natural zeolite are ground to 180 meshes. 95 percent of slag from steel works, 3 percent of polishing slag from ceramic works and 2 percent of inorganic additive CaO are mixed evenly to obtain the inorganic modified admixture. Uniformly mixing the rice husk ash, the natural zeolite and the inorganic modified admixture according to the volume ratio of 6:4:1, adding water to control the water content of the mixture to be 30%, uniformly mixing, filling into a die, and pressing into a board with the thickness of 300mm multiplied by 30 mm. The board is maintained for 15 days at normal temperature and relative humidity of about 60 percent, and the composite humidity-controlling board with maximum moisture absorption and desorption equilibrium moisture contents of 22 percent and 20.8 percent respectively, compressive strength of 8.0MPa and softening coefficient of 0.82 is formed.
Claims (7)
1. The chaff ash-based composite humidity controlling material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials: rice husk ash, inorganic porous mineral raw materials, inorganic modified admixtures and water;
the volume ratio of the rice husk ash to the inorganic porous mineral raw material to the inorganic modification admixture is (6-8): (3-5): 1;
the inorganic modified admixture comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 94-96% of slag from steel works, 2-3% of polishing slag from ceramic works and 2-3% of inorganic additive;
the inorganic porous mineral raw material is selected from one or more of natural diatomite, natural sepiolite and natural zeolite;
the maximum moisture absorption and desorption equilibrium moisture content of the rice husk ash-based composite humidity-controlling material is 22-27.5% and 20.8-25.6%, the compressive strength is more than or equal to 7.5MPa, and the softening coefficient is more than or equal to 0.65.
2. The rice husk ash-based composite humidity controlling material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said inorganic modifying admixture comprises, in weight percent: 95 percent of slag of steel works, 2 to 3 percent of polishing slag of ceramic works and 2 to 3 percent of inorganic additive.
3. The rice hull ash-based composite humidity conditioning material according to claim 1, wherein said inorganic additive is CaO.
4. The chaff ash-based composite humidity controlling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fineness of the chaff ash is 180 to 220 meshes.
5. The chaff ash-based composite humidity controlling material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fineness of the inorganic porous mineral raw material is 180 to 220 meshes.
6. The preparation method of the rice husk ash-based composite humidity-controlling material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) grinding the rice husk ash to 180-220 meshes;
(2) grinding inorganic porous mineral raw materials to 180-220 meshes;
(3) according to the weight percentage, 94 to 96 percent of slag of a steel plant, 2 to 3 percent of polishing slag of a ceramic plant and 2 to 3 percent of inorganic additive are evenly mixed to obtain inorganic modified admixture;
(4) the method comprises the following steps of (6-8) mixing the rice husk ash in the step (1), the inorganic porous mineral raw material in the step (2) and the inorganic modification admixture in the step (3) in a volume ratio of: (3-5): 1, uniformly mixing to obtain a mixture, adding water to control the water content of the mixture to be 26-38%, uniformly mixing, filling the mixture into a die, plastering and pressing the mixture into a product, extruding the product into the product by using an extruder or plastering and pressing the product on the surface of an inner wall into a plastering layer with the thickness of 5-10 mm according to a plastering and pressing mode;
(5) curing for 14-21 days at normal temperature and relative humidity of 40% -75%.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the inorganic porous mineral raw material is selected from one or more of natural diatomaceous earth, natural sepiolite and natural zeolite.
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| CN201810843111.7A CN109133821B (en) | 2018-07-27 | 2018-07-27 | Chaff ash-based composite humidity-controlling material and preparation method thereof |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1724445A (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2006-01-25 | 天津大学 | Preparing wet regulating wall material by bio-material |
| CN106045461A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing kieselguhr ecological humidifying material |
| CN106638207A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of composite ecological permeable water storage material |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1724445A (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2006-01-25 | 天津大学 | Preparing wet regulating wall material by bio-material |
| CN106045461A (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2016-10-26 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing kieselguhr ecological humidifying material |
| CN106638207A (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-05-10 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of composite ecological permeable water storage material |
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