CN109133064A - A kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon - Google Patents
A kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon Download PDFInfo
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- CN109133064A CN109133064A CN201811355243.1A CN201811355243A CN109133064A CN 109133064 A CN109133064 A CN 109133064A CN 201811355243 A CN201811355243 A CN 201811355243A CN 109133064 A CN109133064 A CN 109133064A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/90—Carbides
- C01B32/914—Carbides of single elements
- C01B32/942—Calcium carbide
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technologies of green low-carbon, present invention process directlys adopt the calcium source as synthesis calcium carbide such as lime stone, calcite, by limestone calcination and synthesis calcium carbide PROCESS COUPLING in a reacting furnace, the process of limekiln calcined limestone in traditional calcium carbide production technology is eliminated；CaCO in the process simultaneously3Decompose the CO generated2, CaO again can gasifying agent, catalyst respectively as carbon, by the part CO of generation2In real time on the spot be converted into CO；The high temperature CO gas generated using high-temperature region is realized the recycling of high-temperature tail gas waste heat, improves the whole thermal efficiency successively with middle-temperature section, high temperature except the heat exchange of carbon process；The gas of thermophase is reacted with high temperature solid-state product in, has not only recycled the sensible heat of gas-solid phase materials, but also again by the CO in gas2It is high value added product CO with carbon conversion unreacted in high temperature solid-state product.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of calcium carbide production, and in particular to a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon.
Background technique
China is the country of oil-poor rich coal, and coal is the important basic energy resource and the raw material of industry in China, and calcium carbide is as coal
The key intermediate cleaned, is the base stock of synthetic organic chemical manufacturing industry, be widely used in synthesize benzene, rubber,
The Organic chemical products such as polyvinyl chloride, polyacetylene can be used for welding and cut off metal (oxy arc).
Calcium carbide production in the industry uses always electrothermal way, first by lime stone (fundamental component CaCO3) in limekiln
In 850~1000 DEG C be sintered into quick lime (CaO mass content > 92%), then again will be after quick lime crushing and screening after cooling
The high temperature calcium carbide reaction in furnace for putting into 2200 DEG C with the coke (C) of certain particle size generates calcium carbide.Except generation life in calcination process
Outside lime, the also a large amount of useless kiln gas (CO of discharge2Volume content between 31-38%, remaining is N2、O2With a small amount of sulfide), this
Outside, a large amount of high-temperature furnace gas (full-airtight carbide furnace for being rich in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide can be also generated in calcium carbide reaction process
Furnace gas composition: CO:70-95%, CO2: 2-5%, remaining is N2、O2、H2、CH4Deng), this makes entire calcium carbide production process
As a great process of carbon emission amount.According to preresearch estimates, by taking one 20000 kilovolt-amperes of airtight electric arc furnace as an example, lime
Stone is raw material, and 1 ton of calcium carbide of every production, entire technique amount of carbon dioxide is about at 900 kilograms or so.It is this " high pollution, high energy consumption,
The calcium carbide production technology of maximum discharge ", it is clear that do not meet the requirement of energy-saving and emission-reduction and sustainable development.Therefore, how calcium carbide is reduced
The carbon emission of production industry is a problem to be solved.
Chinese patent 201610020462.9,201711406332.X and 201721825097.5 propose a kind of using micro-
The method that wave energy produces solid-state calcium carbide is proposed in this method to utilize microwave energy composite solid state calcium carbide, not only be reduced using this method
Reaction temperature shortens solid-state calcium carbide and generates the reaction time, and can be obvious energy-saving, but synthesizes work about calcium carbide in patent
Carbon emission how is effectively reduced during skill and does not propose effective technological means.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technologies of green low-carbon, mainly solve calcium carbide in the prior art
The problem of high carbon dioxide present in synthesis process discharges.
Used technical solution is as follows to solve above-mentioned technical problem by the present invention:
A kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon proposed by the present invention, main thought is: with CaCO3It is that raw material is straight with carbon
It connects in investment high temperature calcium carbide reacting furnace, utilizes CaCO3Decomposing the CaO generated is catalyst, is catalyzed carbon and CO2Gasification reaction it is raw
At the CO (C+CO of high added value2=CO), calcium carbide is then generated with CaO and carbon raw material reaction again；Using gas phase in reaction and admittedly
The sensible heat of phase promotes unreacted carbon and carbon dioxide reaction, the CO that will be discharged in the process2It is converted into CO.
A kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon, including following reaction step:
Step 1, prepared by carbide raw material: by the ultra-fine powder mixture of carbon source material and calcium source material, by wet granulation or
Compression moulding obtains a certain size carbide raw material group；The main component of the carbon source material is CaCO3；
Step 2, carbide raw material rolls into a ball drying: carbide raw material group obtained passes through heat exchanger and the tail that the carbon stage is removed from high temperature
Gas carries out heat exchange drying；
Step 3, calcium carbide synthesizes: the carbide raw material group after dry is sent into calcium carbide reacting furnace, progress medium temperature reaction first, hair
Raw CaCO3Decomposition and carbon and CO2Gasification, the gas for reacting generation are sent into high temperature except the carbon stage, and the solid product of generation is sent into high temperature
The stage of reaction carries out calcium carbide synthesis；The high temperature solid-state product that calcium carbide synthetic reaction generates is sent into high temperature and is removed the carbon stage, and reaction generates
High-temperature gas CO be sent into thermophase, the gas generated with middle thermophase is sent into high temperature except the carbon stage together；
Step 4, high temperature removes carbon: with the tail gas from middle cold stage carbon and CO occur for the high temperature solid-state product of generation2's
Gasification reaction；High temperature is changed except foldback returns carbide raw material group drying stage to the tail gas generated in the carbon stage again by heat exchanger
Heat drop temperature；Solid phase calcium carbide product is obtained after completion of the reaction.
Preferably, the carbon source material in the step 1 is selected from one of metallurgical coke, semi-coke or coke, the choosing of calcium source material
From one of calcite, calcium carbonate or lime stone.
Preferably, the ultra-fine powder mixture in the step 1, which refers to, is less than the partial size of material by smashing and grinding process
1mm, preferably smaller than 500um, the carbon calcium molar ratio in mixture are 3:1-4:1.
Preferably, the wet granulation in the step 1 refers to that by addition binder be partial size by material forming be 1-
The pelletizing of 5cm, binder can be one of kerosene, diesel oil, honey, starch, water or a variety of, content of binder be 1~
30%, the pelletizing can be one of spherical shape, cylinder, cube shape, honeycomb type.
Preferably, the calcium carbide reacting furnace has pumped vacuum systems, and vacuum degree can regulate and control；Heating method is added using microwave
Heat or electric heating.
Preferably, the calcium carbide reacting furnace be have middle warm area and high-temperature region two-part furnace body or one section heating
Area's furnace body.
Preferably, it when the calcium carbide reacting furnace is one section of heating zone furnace body, is combined by two or more calcium carbide reacting furnaces,
Using the hot stage gas of a wherein calcium carbide reacting furnace by-product as the supplement of other calcium carbide reacting furnace medium temperature stepwise heatings
Heat source is passed directly into the high temperature solid-state that other another reacting furnaces generate using the high temperature gas of other calcium carbide reacting furnace by-products and produces
Object reaction removes the complete carbon of unreacted.
Preferably, when the calcium carbide reacting furnace is two-part furnace body with middle warm area and high-temperature region, upper section middle warm area with
Lower section high-temperature region is connected by excessive component, for controlling material blanking to high-temperature region, upper section middle warm area and lower section high-temperature region it
Between excessive component be equipped with gas outlet, may make high-temperature region generate CO gas can be upwardly into middle warm area, to middle warm area material
It is directly heated.
Preferably, the reaction temperature of the middle thermophase is 800-1300 DEG C, reaction time 0-150min, and reaction is absolute
Pressure is 0.1-100KPa；The reaction temperature of the hot stage is 1600-1900 DEG C, reaction time 30-200min, reaction
Absolute pressure is 0.1-1atm.
Preferably, the tail gas generated in the step 4 is sent into electric precipitator or cloth after carrying out heat exchange cooling by heat exchanger
Bag dust collector removes the dust impurities in gas, is sent into air accumulator or next process.
The present invention also provides a kind of calcium carbide reacting furnace of calcium carbide synthesis technology for green low-carbon, the calcium carbide reacting furnaces
For the two-part furnace body with middle warm area and high-temperature region, upper section middle warm area is connect by excessive component with lower section high-temperature region, is used for
Material blanking is controlled to high-temperature region, the excessive component between upper section middle warm area and lower section high-temperature region is equipped with gas outlet, for making height
The CO gas that warm area generates can be upwardly into middle warm area, directly heat to middle warm area material.
The present invention proposes a kind of green from reducing carbon emission and how realizing the angle that the Maxi-mize city value of carbon utilizes
Low-carbon produces the new process of calcium carbide, to reduce the CO2 emission in calcium carbide production process.Present invention process is by traditional coalification
Limestone calcination, carbon gasification and calcium carbide synthesis process in work technique carry out the coupling of technique and energy, by changing technique mistake
Journey and control process conditions, again can be abundant by the sensible heat of the high-temperature gas-solid phase materials of generation while simplification entire process flow
It utilizes, to achieve the purpose that reduce entire production process carbon emission.It is process flow diagram of the invention, tool referring to Fig. 1
Body technology process are as follows: made firstly, the superfine powder mixed material of carbon raw material and calcium source material is sent into pelletizer using wet process
Grain molding, obtains a certain size pelletizing, and obtained pelletizing is sent into after drying with the gas converting heat for removing carbon process from high temperature
In calcium carbide reacting furnace, first by the air in calcium carbide reacting furnace pumped vacuum systems extraction furnace, when absolute in reactor
After pressure is lower than 500Pa, it is believed that the air in reactor excludes completely substantially.Reacting furnace heating power supply is opened, firstly, in
CaCO occurs for thermophase (800 DEG C -1300 DEG C)3Decompose the CO with carbon2Gasify (CaCO3+ C=CaO+CO+CO2), reaction process
The gas of middle generation is sent into high temperature and removes carbon process, and the solid product of generation is re-fed into hot stage (1600 DEG C -1900 DEG C), herein
CaO+3C=CaC occurs for the stage2+ CO reaction, the high temperature solid-state product of generation are sent into high temperature and remove carbon process, the high-temperature gas of generation
Thermophase in CO feeding removes carbon process by being sent into high temperature after exchanging heat with middle-temperature section.During high temperature removes carbon, high temperature solid-state product
In CO in unreacted carbon and the gas from middle thermophase2Occur to remove carbon (C+CO2=CO) reaction, it is complete to eliminate unreacted
Carbon, react the tail gas of generation by heat exchanger and raw material and roll into a ball drying process heat exchange cooling using being sent into air accumulator after filtering dust collecting
Or next process, solid phase calcium carbide product is taken out after completion of the reaction.
It referring to fig. 2, is the schematic diagram of traditional calcium carbide production process, technical process are as follows: firstly, by lime stone (fundamental component
For CaCO3) in limekiln 850~1000 DEG C be sintered into quick lime (CaO mass content > 92%), then again will be after cooling
High temperature calcium carbide reaction in furnace after quick lime crushing and screening with 2200 DEG C of the carbon of certain particle size (coke) investment generates calcium carbide.It is forging
During burning in addition to generating quick lime, the also a large amount of useless kiln gas (CO of discharge2Volume content between 31-38%, remaining is N2、O2
With a small amount of sulfide), in addition, can also generate a large amount of high temperature furnace for being rich in carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide in calcium carbide reaction process
Gas (full-airtight carbide furnace furnace gas composition: CO:70-95%, CO2: 2-5%, remaining is N2、O2、H2、CH4Deng), this makes entire electricity
Stone production process becomes a great process of carbon emission amount.According to preresearch estimates, with one 20000 kilovolt-amperes of closed electricity
For arc furnace, lime stone is raw material, and 1 ton of calcium carbide of every production, entire technique amount of carbon dioxide is about at 900 kilograms or so.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
The present invention directlys adopt the calcium source as synthesis calcium carbide such as lime stone, calcite, by limestone calcination and synthesis electricity
Stone PROCESS COUPLING eliminates the process of limekiln calcined limestone in traditional calcium carbide production technology in a reacting furnace；Simultaneously
CaCO in the process3Decompose the CO generated2, CaO again can gasifying agent, catalyst respectively as carbon, by the part CO of generation2
In real time on the spot be converted into CO；The high temperature CO gas generated using high-temperature region is real successively with middle-temperature section, high temperature except the heat exchange of carbon process
Show the recycling of high-temperature tail gas waste heat, improves the whole thermal efficiency；In utilization the gas of thermophase and high temperature solid-state product into
Row reaction, has not only recycled the sensible heat of gas-solid phase materials, but also again by the CO in gas2With it is not anti-in high temperature solid-state product
The carbon conversion answered is high value added product CO.Calcium carbide quality can be improved 2-3% by the present invention, while be synthesized compared to traditional calcium carbide
Route, entire technique CO2Discharge substantially reduces, the CO of 1 ton of calcium carbide of every production2Discharge amount can by 1 ton or so be reduced to 0.2 ton with
Under, entire technical process is enormously simplified, utilization of resources efficiency, capacity usage ratio and the skill of entire production technology are improved
Art economy has great importance to promotion calcium carbide chemical industry Green Sustainable, energy-saving and emission-reduction.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of traditional calcium carbide production process.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
By powdered metallurgical coke (metallurgical coke constituent analysis is shown in Table 1) and calcium carbonate, (calcium carbonate mass content is greater than
99.0%) after mixture (carbon calcium molar ratio be 4:1) carries out fine grinding by connected superfine pulverizer, take particle diameter distribution for 50~
Mixed material between 100 μm is put into pelletizer, using water as binder, carries out wet granulation, obtains the circle that size is 1-2cm
Shape pelletizing is as raw material group.Raw material group by heat exchanger with from high temperature except the tail gas of carbon process carry out heat exchange it is dry after, investment
Middle-temperature section in two-part electrothermal furnace opens reacting furnace pumped vacuum systems, the air in reacting furnace is discharged, when system absolute pressure
After 500Pa, opens heating power supply and be heated to 1200 DEG C and constant temperature 30min.The solid product that middle-temperature section reaction generates
It is sent into high temperature section by excessive component, opens constant temperature 2h after high temperature section heating power supply is warming up to 1850 DEG C.High temperature section reaction generates
High temperature CO gas be sent into middle-temperature section upwards via the gas vent on excessive component, after exchanging heat with middle-temperature section, with middle-temperature section
The gas generated is reacted to be discharged at the top of furnace of calcium carbide together and be sent into high temperature except carbon process exchanges heat.The high temperature that high temperature section reaction generates
Solid product is sent into high temperature and removes carbon process, and high temperature rolls into a ball drying process back to raw material except the gas that carbon process generates, through heat exchanger
It is sent into air accumulator after heat exchange, dedusting or enters next process.Gas chromatographic analysis, gas are carried out to gas sample in air accumulator
Middle CO content is 96.1%, CO2It is 3.2%, other impurity 0.7%, the solid product after reaction takes out after cooling, measures hair
Tolerance is 309L/Kg.Through to CO in entire synthesis technology2Discharge amount estimated, 1 ton of calcium carbide CO of every production2Discharge amount is about 38
Kilogram, well below the CO of calcium carbide synthesis technology traditional in comparative example 52Discharge amount.
The Industrial Analysis of 1 metallurgical coke of table
Embodiment 2:
Powdered metallurgical coke (metallurgical coke constituent analysis is shown in Table 1) and calcite (calcium carbonate mass content 98.0%) is mixed
Close after object (carbon calcium molar ratio be 4:1) carries out fine grinding by connected superfine pulverizer, take particle diameter distribution for 100~200 μm it
Between mixed material be put into pelletizer, using water as binder, carry out wet granulation, obtain size be 2-3cm round pelletizing
As raw material group, raw material group after being dried from high temperature except the tail gas heat exchange of carbon process, put into respectively electric heating reacting furnace 1,
In furnace 2 and furnace 3, the pumped vacuum systems of reacting furnace 1, furnace 2 and furnace 3 is opened, the air in reacting furnace is discharged, when system absolute pressure
After 500Pa, it is first turned on the heating power supply of reacting furnace 1, material is made to be warming up to 1000 DEG C, constant temperature 1h is generated in the process
Gas is sent into raw material and rolls into a ball drying process, after being then warming up to 1850 DEG C again, isothermal reaction 2 hours, and the high temperature CO generated in the process
It is sent into furnace 2, opens the heating power supply of reacting furnace 2 at the same time, material is made to be warming up to 1000 DEG C, constant temperature 2 hours.Close furnace 1
Heating power supply, while the heating power supply for adjusting reacting furnace 2 is warming up to 1850 DEG C of constant temperature 2 hours, the high temperature CO tail that reacting furnace 2 generates
Pneumatic transmission enters the heat exchange of furnace 1, opens the heating power supply of reacting furnace 3 at the same time, so that material is warming up to 1000 DEG C, constant temperature 2 hours, reacts
The tail gas that furnace 3 generates enters furnace 1, and high temperature is carried out with the high temperature solid-state product generated in furnace 1 except carbon reacts, after reaction from furnace
Solid product is taken out in 1, measuring solid product gas forming amount in furnace 1 is 305L/Kg, and tail gas returns again to raw material group drying process, warp
Air accumulator is sent into after heat exchanger and the heat exchange of raw material group and the dedusting that cools down or enters next process.Through gas-chromatography sampling analysis,
CO content is 97.4%, CO in tail gas2It is 2.1%, other impurity 0.5%.Reacting furnace 1 adds raw material group, opens reacting furnace 1
The air in reacting furnace is discharged in pumped vacuum systems, opens the heating power supply of reacting furnace 1, and material is made to be warming up to 1000 DEG C and constant temperature
1h closes the heating power supply of reacting furnace 2 at the same time, adjusts the heating power supply of reacting furnace 3, and material is made to be warming up to 1850 DEG C and perseverance
The tail gas that temperature 2 hours, reacting furnace 1 and furnace 3 generate is respectively fed to furnace 2, carries out high temperature with the high temperature solid-state product generated in furnace 2 and removes
Carbon removes unreacted coke in solid phase.Such 3 reacting furnaces series connection utilizes, in the heat for sufficiently recycling high-temperature tail gas
While achieve the purpose that by high temperature solid-state product coke remove.Through to CO in entire technique2Discharge amount estimated, often
Produce 1 ton of calcium carbide CO2Discharge amount is about 26 kilograms, well below the CO of calcium carbide synthesis technology traditional in comparative example 52Discharge
Amount.
Embodiment 3
By powdered metallurgical coke (metallurgical coke constituent analysis is shown in Table 1) and calcium carbonate (calcium carbonate mass content is greater than 99.0%)
Mixture (carbon calcium molar ratio is 4:1) is by wet granulation balling-up, and the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.Raw material group is through from height first
After temperature is except the tail gas heat exchange drying during carbon, put into microwave rotary hearth furnace by distributing device, microwave rotary hearth furnace furnace body is medium temperature
Area and high-temperature region are first turned on the pumped vacuum systems of reacting furnace, the air in reacting furnace are discharged, when system absolute pressure is lower than
After 500Pa, microwave applicator is opened, adjusts microwave power middle warm area to 1200 DEG C and constant temperature 30min, raw material is rolled into a ball first in medium temperature
Area's reaction, the gas for reacting generation are sent into high temperature except carbon process after gas outlet discharge at the top of reacting furnace, react the solid phase of generation
Product is sent into high-temperature region by excessive component, adjusts constant temperature 2h after microwave power high-temperature region is warming up to 1750 DEG C, and present invention is raw
At the excessive component of high temperature CO gas on gas vent be upwardly into middle warm area, through with after the heat exchange of raw material group at the top of the reacting furnace
Then gas outlet discharge is re-fed into high temperature except carbon process, the high temperature solid-state product that high-temperature region generates is sent into high temperature and removes carbon process, with
The tail gas being discharged at the top of reacting furnace exchanges heat and occurs to react except carbon, and to remove the complete coke of unreacted, high temperature removes carbon mistake
The tail gas of Cheng Shengcheng back to raw material roll into a ball drying process, through with raw material group heat exchange and dedusting after be sent into air accumulator or enter it is lower together
Process.For tail gas through gas chromatographic analysis, CO content is 98.4%, CO2It is 1.2%, other impurity 0.4%.Solid phase after reaction
Product takes out after cooling, and measuring gas forming amount is 312L/Kg.
Through to CO in entire technique2Discharge amount estimated, 1 ton of calcium carbide CO of every production2Discharge amount is about 15 kilograms, much
Lower than the CO that comparative example implements traditional calcium carbide synthesis technology in 52Discharge amount.
Embodiment 4
Powdered metallurgical coke (metallurgical coke constituent analysis is shown in Table 1) and calcite (calcium carbonate mass content 98.0%) is mixed
Object (carbon calcium molar ratio is 4:1) is closed by wet granulation balling-up, the preparation method is the same as that of Example 1.Raw material group is through removing carbon from high temperature
It after tail gas in the process is dry, is put into high temperature microwave furnace of calcium carbide 1, furnace 2 and furnace 3 respectively, opens reacting furnace 1, furnace 2 and furnace 3
Pumped vacuum systems, be discharged reacting furnace in air, when system absolute pressure be lower than 500Pa after, be first turned on the micro- of reacting furnace 1
Wave heater, adjusting microwave power makes material be warming up to 1000 DEG C, and after constant temperature 1h, the gas which generates is passed through raw material
Group's drying process.Then it adjusts after microwave power is warming up to 1750 DEG C, isothermal reaction 2 hours, is generated in the pyroprocess again
High temperature CO is sent into furnace 2, opens the microwave applicator of reacting furnace 2 at the same time, and adjusting microwave power makes material be warming up to 1000
DEG C, constant temperature 2 hours.1 microwave applicator of furnace is closed, while the microwave applicator microwave power for adjusting reacting furnace 2 is warming up to 1750
DEG C constant temperature 2 hours, the high temperature CO tail gas that reacting furnace 2 generates is sent into furnace 1 and exchanges heat, and opens the microwave heating of reacting furnace 3 at the same time
Device, adjusting microwave power makes material be warming up to 1000 DEG C, and constant temperature 2 hours, reacting furnace 3 generated tail gas and enters furnace 1, with life in furnace 1
At high temperature solid-state product reacted, after reaction take out 1 solid product of furnace, measuring 1 solid product gas forming amount of furnace is
315L/Kg.Tail gas returns again to Pellets in Drying Process, and air accumulator is sent into after heat-exchange dedusting or enters next process, tail gas warp
Gas chromatographic analysis, CO content are 97.9%, CO2It is 1.5%, other impurity 0.6%.Such 3 reacting furnaces series connection, abundant
Achieve the purpose that remove in the coke in high temperature solid-state product while the heat of sharp high-temperature tail gas.Through to CO in entire technique2
Discharge amount estimated, 1 ton of calcium carbide CO of every production2Discharge amount is about 18 kilograms, well below calcium carbide traditional in comparative example 5
The CO of synthesis technology2Discharge amount.
Comparative example 5
Partial size is that the blocky calcite (calcium carbonate mass content 98.0%) of 30-70mm is placed in limekiln and forges first
Burn, the gas of generation is sent into air accumulator after cooling down, and the solid product of generation takes out after cooling, filter out 5-20mm with
The metallurgical coke (metallurgical coke constituent analysis is shown in Table 1) of 5-20mm mixes, and the carbon calcium molar ratio of mixture is 3:1.Experimental study shows
Using calcium carbonate and calcium oxide as raw material, the carbon calcium proper ratio more different than having.The embodiment of front 4 is directly with calcium carbonate for original
Material, because there are coke for producing carbon dioxide, the carbon for needing to consume is more, carbon calcium molar ratio is 4:1 or so relatively suitable.This implementation
Mixture is using calcium oxide as raw material in example, and carbon calcium molar ratio is 3:1 or so relatively suitable.Mixed material is put into electric arc furnaces,
It is reacted at 2000 DEG C, closes electric furnace heating power supply after reaction, taken out solid phase calcium carbide after product is cooling, measure gas forming amount
For 289L/Kg, the raw gas of anti-production is sent into air accumulator after cooling down, carries out gas chromatographic analysis, gas to gas in air accumulator
CO is 36.7%, CO in body2It is 60.2%, other is 3.1% (deduction O2), to CO in entire technique2Discharge amount estimated,
1 ton of calcium carbide CO of every production2Discharge amount is about 950 kilograms.
It above are only part preferred embodiment of the invention, the present invention is not limited in the content of embodiment.For ability
For technical staff in domain, can there are various change and change in the conception range of technical solution of the present invention, made
What changes and change, within that scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon, which is characterized in that including following reaction step:
Step 1, prepared by carbide raw material: by the ultra-fine powder mixture of carbon source material and calcium source material, passing through wet granulation or compacting
Molding, obtains a certain size carbide raw material group；The main component of the carbon source material is CaCO3；
Step 2, carbide raw material rolls into a ball drying: carbide raw material obtained group by heat exchanger with from high temperature except the carbon stage tail gas into
Row heat exchange drying；
Step 3, calcium carbide synthesizes: the carbide raw material group after dry is sent into calcium carbide reacting furnace, and progress medium temperature reaction first occurs
CaCO3Decomposition and carbon and CO2Gasification, the gas for reacting generation are sent into high temperature except the carbon stage, and it is anti-that the solid product of generation is sent into high temperature
The stage is answered to carry out calcium carbide synthesis；The high temperature solid-state product that calcium carbide synthetic reaction generates is sent into high temperature and removes the carbon stage, reacts generation
Thermophase in high-temperature gas CO feeding, the gas generated with middle thermophase are sent into high temperature except the carbon stage together；
Step 4, high temperature removes carbon: with the tail gas from middle cold stage carbon and CO occur for the high temperature solid-state product of generation2Gasified reverse
It answers；High temperature carries out heat exchange cooling by heat exchanger except foldback returns carbide raw material group drying stage to the tail gas generated in the carbon stage again；
Solid phase calcium carbide product is obtained after completion of the reaction.
2. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the carbon in the step 1
Source material is selected from one of metallurgical coke, semi-coke or coke, calcium source material in calcite, calcium carbonate or lime stone one
Kind.
3. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: super in the step 1
Fine powder mixture refers to makes the partial size of material be less than 1mm, preferably smaller than 500um by smashing and grinding process, the carbon in mixture
Calcium molar ratio is 3:1-4:1.
4. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: wet in the step 1
Method is granulated, and refers to that by addition binder be pelletizing that partial size is 1-5cm by material forming, binder can be kerosene, diesel oil, honey
One of sugar, starch, water are a variety of, and content of binder is 1~30%, and the pelletizing can be spherical shape, cylinder, cube
One of shape, honeycomb type.
5. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the calcium carbide reacts stove
There is pumped vacuum systems, vacuum degree can regulate and control；Heating method uses microwave heating or electric heating.
6. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the calcium carbide reacting furnace is
Two-part furnace body or one section of heating zone furnace body with middle warm area and high-temperature region.
7. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the calcium carbide reacting furnace is
When one section of heating zone furnace body, by two or more calcium carbide reacting furnace combinations, the height of a wherein calcium carbide reacting furnace by-product is utilized
Supplemental heat source of the thermophase gas as other calcium carbide reacting furnace medium temperature stepwise heatings, using in other calcium carbide reacting furnace by-products
High-temperature gas is passed directly into the high temperature solid-state product reaction that other another reacting furnaces generate, and removes the complete carbon of unreacted.
8. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the middle thermophase it is anti-
Answering temperature is 800-1300 DEG C, reaction time 0-150min, and reaction absolute pressure is 0.1-100KPa；The hot stage
Reaction temperature is 1600-1900 DEG C, reaction time 30-200min, and reaction absolute pressure is 0.1-1atm.
9. a kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: generated in the step 4
Tail gas carry out being sent into electric precipitator or bag filter after heat exchange cooling by heat exchanger, remove the dust impurities in gas,
It is sent into air accumulator or next process.
10. a kind of calcium carbide reacting furnace of the calcium carbide synthesis technology for green low-carbon, it is characterised in that: the calcium carbide reacting furnace is
Two-part furnace body with middle warm area and high-temperature region, upper section middle warm area is connect with lower section high-temperature region by excessive component, for controlling
Material blanking processed is to high-temperature region, and the excessive component between upper section middle warm area and lower section high-temperature region is equipped with gas outlet, for making high temperature
The CO gas that area generates can be upwardly into middle warm area, directly heat to middle warm area material.
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