CN107857267A - A kind of method that vacuum low-pressure prepares calcium carbide - Google Patents
A kind of method that vacuum low-pressure prepares calcium carbide Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method that vacuum low-pressure prepares calcium carbide.This method is：Carbon-based raw material and calcium based raw material synthesizes calcium carbide under lower pressure, and two sections of heatings are used in course of reaction, low-temperature heat stage and pyroreaction stage in being respectively.The temperature in the middle low-temperature heat stage is 500~900 DEG C, and the time is 0.5~3h, and absolute pressure is 0.5~105Kpa.The temperature in the pyroreaction stage is 1550~1900 DEG C, and the time is 0.2~4h, and absolute pressure is 50 2000pa.The present invention can be reduced reaction temperature, shorten the reaction time, be promoted reaction to be carried out to the direction that calcium carbide generates, reduce energy consumption using low pressure or vacuum condition production calcium carbide.Using the method for heat stepwise, energy consumption can be reduced, when using coal as carbon source, when calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide are calcium source, while may be such that carbon source can at utmost be converted into calcium carbide, also obtaining gas (CO, H of high added value2、CH4) and tar, greatly reduce CO2Discharge, improve the overall effective rate of utilization of material.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to calcium carbide preparing technical field, and in particular to a kind of method that vacuum low-pressure prepares calcium carbide.
Background technology
Calcium carbide, calcium carbide is commonly called as, is a kind of important coal chemical industry intermediate product, react production acetylene with water.Calcium carbide at present
Industrial production uses arc process, i.e., using the block calcium oxide and block coke of certain particle diameter at a high temperature of electric arc generation
(2000~2200 DEG C) reaction generation calcium carbide (CaC2), while discharge the gases such as carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide.This calcium carbide life
Production process temperature is high, energy consumption is big, ingredient requirement is high, and dust pollution is serious.The shortcomings that " high investment, high energy consumption, high pollution ",
The requirement of coal chemical industry energy-saving and emission-reduction and sustainable development is not met, seriously limits the development of calcium carbide industry.
In recent years, industrial calcium carbide production technology is improved, the type of furnace of furnace of calcium carbide from original opening stove, semi-hermetic stove by
Gradually develop into sealed furnace, dust pollution and energy consumption problem all improve to some extent, but calcium carbide production temperature still 2000 DEG C with
On, the energy consumption of calcium carbide product per ton is in more than 3250KW/h.
Application No. CN201611141009.X Chinese patent " system and method for preparing calcium carbide " discloses a kind of super
The system and method for thin carbon-based calcium based raw material production calcium carbide, proposition use producing calcium carbide by using powder raw materials through, reduce calcium carbide and be produced into
This, improves calcium carbide production efficiency；" one kind utilizes microwave energy low temperature preparation electricity to the Chinese patent of Application No. 201610020462.9
The method of stone " discloses a kind of method that calcium carbide is synthesized using microwave, and the Mass and heat transfer mistake strengthened between raw material is heated using microwave
Journey, reduce the generation temperature of calcium carbide.Some scholars are proposed using excessive C sources and O2Situ combustion heat release carrys out heating response material
Oxygen hot method next life electricity production stone.These new methods all provide to reduce calcium carbide energy consumption and cost, improving calcium carbide production technology
New thinking.
The Chinese utility model patent system of solid-state calcium carbide " prepare " of Application No. 201620591766.6 disclose by
The calcium carbide preparation system that fine mill, mixing device, shaped device and vacuum furnace form, can anti-blocking sintering and improvement
Other dynamic conditions.But due to this patented technology, only the non-stage of reaction below 1200 DEG C carries out vacuumizing, and
In the operation of (1700~1800 DEG C) progress totally-encloseds of the stage of reaction, it is impossible to the substantial amounts of carbon monoxide that will be generated in course of reaction
Reaction system is excluded in time, thus carbon monoxide can be caused to be accumulated in reactor and risen with pressure, according in patent Example
Calcium carbide gas forming amount reach 290L/kg and calculated, the CO of its course of reaction generation can will at least cause the pressure of reaction system
1.2atm or so, completely positive pressure are risen to, in reaction process with not having in reaction principle with existing industrial sealed furnace
The difference of essence, the effect for the improvement reacting dynamics condition being extremely difficult to proposed in patent.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention produces " high pollution of high temperature high energy consumption " problem for calcium carbide, proposes one kind in vacuum low-pressure
Under the conditions of prepare the new solution of calcium carbide.
The industrial production technology of calcium carbide and the hot method of oxygen etc. are all that electricity is synthesized under conditions of normal pressure or pressure-fired at present
Stone.The reaction equation of calcium carbide reaction of formation is：CaO+3C=CaC2+CO.From reaction equation as can be seen that this chemistry is anti-
Should the characteristics of be 3 molecular carbons reduce 1 molecular oxidation calcium generate 1 molecule calcium carbide simultaneously the molecular carbon monoxide gas of by-product 1.From anti-
Answer thermodynamic analysis to know, remove carbon monoxide in time, reduce carbon monoxide pressure of tension, reaction can be promoted to generation calcium carbide
Direction is carried out.Therefore, the invention provides a kind of vacuum to prepare calcium carbide new method, reduces energy consumption and production costs, and increase is economical
Benefit, this method can be not only used for the furnace of calcium carbide of electric arc heated, can be used for the furnace of calcium carbide of microwave heating.
Present invention technical scheme used to achieve the above object is as follows：
The method that vacuum low-pressure of the present invention prepares calcium carbide is as follows：
1) pretreatment of raw material：Mainly the calcium based raw materials such as the carbon-based raw material such as coal, coke and calcite, lime stone or lime are pressed
Broken fine is carried out after certain ratio uniform mixing, obtains the first well mixed mixture；Tar, binding agent are mixed
Uniformly obtain the second mixture；
2) by the first mixture and the second mixture according to 100：0-5% is compressing after being mixed, and obtains shaping
Reactant feed；Or the block carbon based raw material of certain particle diameter and block calcium based raw material are directly mixed according to certain ratio
Obtain reactant feed；
3) forvacuum：Ready reactant feed is added in the closed calcium carbide reactor with vacuum system,
Start vavuum pump, air in extraction device and material etc..After the absolute pressure in reactor is less than 500Pa, it is believed that
Air in reactor excludes totally substantially；
4) the low-temperature heat stage in：Heating period is divided into two stages of two middle low-temperature heats and pyroreaction.First rank
Duan Weizhong low-temperature heats, heating-up temperature are 500~900 DEG C, 0.5~3h of constant temperature.This stage can release gas, through exchanging heat, separating
After purification, can obtain the product (such as tar, synthesis gas, methane) of high added value, now the pressure in reactor be 0.5~
105KPa, i.e. this stage can be that negative pressure heats, or pressure-fired heats；
5) the pyroreaction stage：After the middle low-temperature heat stage terminates, rise temperature makes material reaction to 1550~1900 DEG C
Generate calcium carbide calcium carbide.Absolute pressure in this stage control reactor is 50-2000Pa, and in this reaction temperature and reaction pressure
0.2~4h of maintenance reaction under the conditions of power so that material reaction is complete.In course of reaction caused CO gas through heat exchange,
It can be used for after isolating and purifying in subsequent reactions process；
6) calcium carbide discharges：After reaction terminates, stop heating and vacuumize, when reaction temperature is less than 450 DEG C, open reaction
Device, take out solid product calcium carbide.
Preferably, the carbon-based material in the present invention be anthracite, lignite, jet coal, one kind or one in semicoke or coke
More than kind.Calcium-based materials are calcite, lime stone, calcium hydroxide, lime (calcium oxide) etc..
Preferably, the mol ratio of the carbon in step 1) and calcium oxide is 3.5~2.0:1, preferably 3.0~2.2:1；Carbon with
The mol ratio of calcium carbonate is 4.2~2.7:1, preferably 3.6~2.6:1.
Preferably, the raw mixture of the shaping in step 2) its it is ultra-fine after granularity be 10~300 μm, preferably 30~
150μm；Not ultra-fine block stock its particle diameter directly reacted that is molded is 0.1~10cm, preferably 0.5~2.5cm.
Preferably, the calcium carbide reactor (furnace of calcium carbide) in step 3) is closed reactor, is circumscribed with vacuum system, vacuum
Degree can regulate and control.
Preferably, the calcium carbide reactor (furnace of calcium carbide) in step 3) is in electric arc furnaces, resistance furnace, graphite furnace or micro-wave oven
One kind；Mode of heating can be electric heating, electric arc heated, sensing heating and microwave heating.
Preferably, the calcium carbide reactor in step 3) is batch reactor, and reactor is built-in with crucible, and material is placed in earthenware
Reacted in crucible.
Preferably, the calcium carbide reactor in step 3) is that more reactors are combined；The high temperature of reactor by-product during combination
The supplemental heat source that gas can heat as other reactor first stage.
Preferably, the middle low-temperature heat phase temperature in step 4) is 500~900 DEG C, and pressure is 0.5~105KPa.It is excellent
Choosing, when calcium based raw material is lime stone, calcite, heating-up temperature is 700~850 DEG C；When calcium based raw material be quick lime or
During white lime, heating-up temperature is 500~750 DEG C；Gas can preheat to reaction mass caused by this stage, then separate
Purification, obtains the CO or synthesis gas of high-purity, can be directly used for next section of reaction process.
Preferably, in step 4), when the carbon-based raw material of reactant is coal, first stage heating-up temperature is 600~900
DEG C, gas caused by this stage is gas mixture, can obtain tar and pyrolysis gas after being cooled down with the heat exchange of other reactors, heat
Vent one's spleen after isolating and purifying, obtain the synthesis gas and methane of high added value.
Preferably, in step 4), when reactant feed is coke and calcium oxide, can directly be warming up to needed for pyroreaction
Temperature.
Preferably, in step 5), the temperature of pyroreaction is 1550~1900 DEG C, and reaction absolute pressure is 50-2000Pa,
Preferable temperature is 1600~1800 DEG C, and preferable absolute pressure is 500-1000Pa.
Preferably, in step 5), the high-temperature gas of pyroreaction stage by-product can be as the supplemental heat source of first stage.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows：
1, according to the thermodynamics feature of calcium carbide reaction of formation, the critical reaction temperature of calcium carbide reaction of formation is with carbon monoxide point
Pressure drop is low and reduces., can be with when carrying out calcium carbide production, particularly absolute pressure using low pressure or vacuum condition and being less than 2000Pa
Reaction temperature is reduced, shortens the reaction time, promotes reaction to be carried out to the direction that calcium carbide generates, significantly improves the production of generation calcium carbide
Rate, reduce energy consumption.
2, using the method for heat stepwise, energy consumption can be reduced, when using coal as carbon source, calcium carbonate or calcium hydroxide are calcium source
When, while may be such that carbon source can at utmost be converted into calcium carbide, also obtain gas (CO, H of high added value2、CH4) and it is burnt
Oil, greatly reduce CO2Discharge, improve the overall effective rate of utilization of material.In this approach, the change under two sections of heating-up temperatures
Learning reaction is respectively：
First paragraph：CaCO3+ C=CaO+2CO or Ca (OH)2+ C=CaO+CO+H2Second stage：CaO+3C=CaC2+
CO
But first lime stone etc. is fired into after calcium oxide in limekiln in traditional calcium carbide production technology and carries out broken sieve
Reaction raw materials are used as after point, now produce substantial amounts of carbon dioxide increase carbon emission, and calcium oxide cools to preservation temperature from high temperature
Degree, wastes substantial amounts of latent heat.Its reaction equation is CaCO3=CaO+CO2。
3, this method raw material and type of furnace strong applicability.This method can be tried out in electric arc furnaces, resistance furnace, can be used for microwave
Calcium carbide is produced in stove.Meanwhile the fitness of raw material is high, can use the calcite and lime stone using calcium carbonate as main component,
Quick lime, white lime etc. can also be used；Carbon source can use block coke, can also use coke breeze fine coal.In a word, this work
Skill production calcium carbide process is short, CO2 emission is few, reaction temperature is low, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
Embodiment
Illustrate technical scheme below by way of specific embodiment.The equal city of raw material and reagent used in the present invention
Selling to obtain.
Embodiment 1
According to mol ratio it is C by metallurgical coke (being shown in Table one) and lime stone (calcium carbonate mass content is more than 98.0%):Ca=
3.7:Extra-fine grinding is carried out after 1 mixing, granularity is obtained and is less than the ultra-fine mixed material that 80 μm of particles account for more than 90%.To roll-in
Ultra-fine mixture is pressed into a diameter of 0.5~1cm on piece machine, is highly 0.2~1cm cylindrical particle.By above-mentioned compacting
Good material is positioned in boron nitride crucible and reacted in the vacuum microwave reactor that microwave frequency is 0.915GHz.Instead
Answer air in device forvacuum discharge reactor and material.Microwave power supply is opened after system absolute pressure is less than 1000Pa,
Regulation microwave power makes material be warming up to 900 DEG C while regulating system pressure to 0.9atm and maintenance temperature pressure on this condition
Power 0.5h.Gas caused by this stage (CO about 75%, CH4About 3%, CO2About 22%) isolate and purify after heat exchange obtained CO gas
Body is sent into carbon monoxide basin.After the completion of middle low-temperature zone heating, low-voltage high-temperature heating response is carried out to material.Heating-up temperature is
1720 DEG C, system absolute pressure maintains 1000Pa or so, and insulation reaction 90min, and (CO is about for caused gas in course of reaction
For 96%, CO2For 4% or so) purifies and separates after heat exchange cools down, it is sent into carbon monoxide basin.Reaction end cools to 400 DEG C
After take out material.Through detection of getting angry, its gas forming amount reaches 306L/Kg.
The smelter coke composition of table one
| Project | Mc | Aw | Va | Wv |
| Content | 87.34 | 0.27 | 7.79 | 4.60 |
Comparative example 1-1
According to mol ratio it is C by metallurgical coke (being shown in Table one) and lime stone (calcium carbonate mass content is more than 98.0%):Ca=
3.7:Extra-fine grinding is carried out after 1 mixing, granularity is obtained and is less than the ultra-fine mixed material that 80 μm of particles account for more than 90%.To roll-in
Ultra-fine mixture is pressed into a diameter of 0.5~1cm on piece machine, is highly 0.2~1cm cylindrical particle.By above-mentioned compacting
Good material is positioned in boron nitride crucible and reacted in the vacuum microwave reactor that microwave frequency is 0.915GHz.Instead
Answer air in device forvacuum discharge reactor and material.Microwave power supply is opened after system absolute pressure is less than 1000Pa,
Regulation microwave power makes material be warming up to 900 DEG C while regulating system pressure to 0.9atm and maintenance temperature pressure on this condition
Power 0.5h.Caused gas (CO about 75%, CH in this phase process4About 3%, CO2About 22%) isolate and purify, obtain after heat exchange
The CO gases arrived are sent into carbon monoxide basin.After the completion of middle low-temperature zone heating, constant-pressure and high-temperature heating response is carried out to material.It is passed through
Argon gas makes system pressure stop being passed through argon gas after reaching 1.1atm and opens microwave power supply, and regulation microwave power is warming up to material
1720 DEG C, and the insulation reaction 120min in the case where system pressure maintains malleation 1.1atm.(CO is about for caused gas in course of reaction
For 98%, CO2It is purifies and separates after heat transfer of mixture gas cooling 2%) etc. other components, obtains pure carbon monoxide gas, send
Enter carbon monoxide basin.Reaction takes out material after cooling to 400 DEG C after terminating.Through detection of getting angry, its gas forming amount reaches 143L/Kg.
Comparative example 1-2
According to mol ratio it is C by metallurgical coke (being shown in Table one) and lime stone (calcium carbonate mass content is more than 98.0%):Ca=
3.7:Extra-fine grinding is carried out after 1 mixing, granularity is obtained and is less than the ultra-fine mixed material that 80 μm of particles account for more than 90%.To roll-in
Ultra-fine mixture is pressed into a diameter of 0.5~1cm on piece machine, is highly 0.2~1cm cylindrical particle.By above-mentioned compacting
Good material is positioned in boron nitride crucible and reacted in the vacuum microwave reactor that microwave frequency is 0.915GHz.Instead
Answer air in device forvacuum discharge reactor and material.Microwave power supply is opened after system absolute pressure is less than 1000Pa,
Regulation microwave power makes material be warming up to 1720 DEG C, and system absolute pressure maintains 1000Pa or so, and insulation reaction 120min,
Caused gas purifies and separates after heat exchange cools down in course of reaction, obtained mixed gas composition are：CO contents about 70% are left
The right side, CO2Content is about 30%).Reaction takes out material after cooling to 400 DEG C after terminating.Through detection of getting angry, its gas forming amount reaches 297L/
Kg。
Embodiment 2
Using the coke (being shown in Table one) in embodiment one and white lime (Ca (OH)2Content is more than
C:Ca=4:Granularity is obtained after 1 mixing and fine and is less than the ultra-fine mixed material that 80 μm of particles account for more than 90%.To roll-in
Above-mentioned ultra-fine mixture is pressed into diameter 5mm on piece machine, is highly 10mm cylindrical particle.By the particulate matter of above-mentioned shaping
Material is placed in the electrothermal furnace of Si-Mo rod heating, opens the air in vacuum pumped system.Open and add after pressure is less than 500Pa
Hot button is heated, and is incubated 40min when temperature is increased to 550 DEG C, while maintenance system pressure is normal pressure, this course of reaction
In caused gas (H2Molar content is about 46%, CO 52%, CO2And other components are 2%) to be isolated and purified after heat exchange,
Synthesis gas (the H of obtained high-purity2And CO) be sent into synthesis gas basin or enter next section of reaction process.Middle low-temperature zone heating knot
Shu Hou, regulation system absolute pressure is 800Pa or so, while continues heated material to 1650 DEG C and maintain 90min, reaction system
Absolute pressure maintains 800Pa or so, and caused gas (CO contents are about more than 98%) is divided after heat exchange in this course of reaction
Carbon monoxide basin is sent into from the high-purity CO gas after purification, obtained or enters next section of synthesis procedure.End cools to 400
Material is taken out after DEG C.Through detection of getting angry, its gas forming amount reaches 264L/Kg.
Comparative example 2
Using the coke (being shown in Table one) in embodiment one and white lime (Ca (OH)2Content is more than
C:Ca=4:Granularity is obtained after 1 mixing and fine and is less than the ultra-fine mixed material that 80 μm of particles account for more than 90%.To roll-in
Above-mentioned ultra-fine mixture is pressed into diameter 5mm on piece machine, is highly 10mm cylindrical particle.By the particulate matter of above-mentioned shaping
Material is placed in the electrothermal furnace of Si-Mo rod heating, opens the air in vacuum pumped system.Open and add after pressure is less than 500Pa
Hot button carries out heated material and to 1650 DEG C and maintains 130min, and reaction system absolute pressure maintains 8000Pa or so, and this is anti-
After caused gas (CO contents are about more than 98%) isolates and purifies after heat exchange during answering, obtained high-purity CO gas is sent
Enter carbon monoxide basin or enter next section of synthesis procedure.End takes out material after cooling to 400 DEG C.Through detection of getting angry, it is sent out
Tolerance reaches 88L/Kg.
Embodiment 3
Using the lignite in table two and quick lime (calcium oxide content>98.0%) reacted.It is according to carbon calcium mol ratio
2.9:Material is mixed and obtained after fine the ultra-fine mixed material that granularity is less than 40 μm of particles and accounts for more than 90% by 1 ratio.
With the method in embodiment one to mixing superfine-material tabletting.Above-mentioned material is taken to be placed in the electrothermal furnace of Si-Mo rod heating,
Open the air in vacuum pumped system.Open heat button after pressure is less than 500Pa to be heated, when temperature is increased to
It is incubated 40min at 550 DEG C, while maintenance system pressure is normal pressure, caused gas is after heat exchange separates in this course of reaction
To tar and gaseous product, (gas forms：H2+ CO is 44.7%, CH4For 32.3%, CO2For 20.8%, it is other 2.2%), gas
Body product obtains the synthesis gas and methane of high-purity after separation, can respectively enter next section of reaction process.Middle low-temperature zone heating
After end, regulation system absolute pressure is 800Pa or so, while continues heated material to 1650 DEG C and maintain 90min, this reaction
During after caused gas isolates and purifies after heat exchange, under obtained high-purity CO gas is sent into carbon monoxide basin or entered
One section of synthesis procedure.Reaction end takes out material after cooling to 400 DEG C.Through detection of getting angry, its gas forming amount reaches 263L/Kg.
The lignite composition of table two
| Project | Mad | Aad | Vdaf | FCdaf | Elementary analysis Cad |
| Content | 24.79 | 7.88 | 45.50 | 54.50 | 71.33 |
Embodiment 4
By particle diameter after preliminary grinding be 0.5~5mm coke (composition is shown in Table three) and lime (calcium oxide mass content is more than
99%) it is C according to mol ratio:Ca=2.4:Carry out extra-fine grinding after 1 mixing, obtain particle of the granularity less than 25 μm account for 90% with
On ultra-fine mixed material, the disk that the hydraulic press for being 50MPa in pressure depresses to a diameter of 5cm, thickness is 1cm.Will be above-mentioned
Mixed material is positioned in the microwave reactor that microwave frequency is 0.915GHz, and opening vavuum pump pumps the air in system.When
After system absolute pressure is less than 1000Pa, regulation microwave power makes reaction temperature rise to 1750 DEG C simultaneously from room temperature in 30min
1750 DEG C of reaction 120min are kept, and it is 1500Pa or so to keep absolute pressure in reactor.After reaction end cools to 400 DEG C
Take out material.Surface of material is white, and internal structure densification has sintering, is obtained calcium carbide product.Product detects through getting angry,
Its gas forming amount reaches 325L/Kg.
Comparative example 4-1
By particle diameter after preliminary grinding be 0.5~5mm coke (composition is shown in Table three) and lime (calcium oxide mass content is more than
99%) it is C according to mol ratio:Ca=2.4:Carry out extra-fine grinding after 1 mixing, obtain particle of the granularity less than 25 μm account for 90% with
On ultra-fine mixed material, the disk that the hydraulic press for being 50MPa in pressure depresses to a diameter of 5cm, thickness is 1cm.Will be above-mentioned
Mixed material is positioned in the microwave reactor that microwave frequency is 0.915GHz, and opening vavuum pump pumps the air in system.When
After system absolute pressure is less than 1000Pa, regulation microwave power makes reaction temperature rise to 1750 DEG C simultaneously from room temperature in 30min
1750 DEG C of reaction 120min are kept, and it is 2000Pa or so to keep absolute pressure in reactor.After reaction end cools to 400 DEG C
Take out material.Surface of material is white, and internal structure densification has sintering, is obtained calcium carbide product.Product detects through getting angry,
Its gas forming amount reaches 305L/Kg.
Comparative example 4-2
By particle diameter after preliminary grinding be 0.5~5mm coke (composition is shown in Table three) and lime (calcium oxide mass content is more than
99%) it is C according to mol ratio:Ca=2.4:Carry out extra-fine grinding after 1 mixing, obtain particle of the granularity less than 25 μm account for 90% with
On ultra-fine mixed material, the disk that the hydraulic press for being 50MPa in pressure depresses to a diameter of 5cm, thickness is 1cm.Will be above-mentioned
Mixed material is positioned in the microwave reactor that microwave frequency is 0.915GHz, and opening vavuum pump pumps the air in system.When
After system absolute pressure is less than 1000Pa, regulation microwave power makes reaction temperature rise to 1750 DEG C simultaneously from room temperature in 30min
1750 DEG C of reaction 120min are kept, and it is 3500Pa or so to keep absolute pressure in reactor.After reaction end cools to 400 DEG C
Take out material.Surface of material is white, and internal structure densification has sintering, is obtained calcium carbide product.Product detects through getting angry,
Its gas forming amount reaches 236L/Kg.
The part preferred embodiment of the present invention is above are only, the present invention is not limited in the content of embodiment.For ability
For technical staff in domain, can there are various change and change in the concept of technical solution of the present invention, that is made appoints
What changes and change, within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method that vacuum low-pressure prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that this method is：Carbon-based raw material and calcium based raw material is in low pressure
Under the conditions of synthesize calcium carbide, the absolute pressure of its reaction system is 50-2000pa.
2. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as claimed in claim 1 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：The temperature of the synthesis calcium carbide
Spend for 1550~1900 DEG C.
3. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as claimed in claim 1 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：Methods described is applied to electricity
The furnace of calcium carbide of arc heating, resistance heating or microwave heating.
4. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as claimed in claim 1 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：The calcium based raw material is selected from
Calcite, lime stone, calcium oxide or calcium hydroxide.
5. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as claimed in claim 1 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：The carbon-based raw material is selected from
Anthracite, lignite, jet coal, semicoke or coke.
6. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as described in claim any one of 1-5 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：Methods described
Using two sections of heatings, low-temperature heat stage and pyroreaction stage in being respectively.
7. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as claimed in claim 6 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：The middle low-temperature heat rank
The temperature of section is 500~900 DEG C, and the time is 0.5~3h, and absolute pressure is 0.5~105Kpa.
8. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as claimed in claim 6 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：The pyroreaction stage
Temperature be 1550~1900 DEG C, the time is 0.2~4h, absolute pressure 50-2000pa.
9. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as claimed in claim 1 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that the specific step of methods described
It is rapid as follows：
1) pretreatment of raw material：By carbon-based feed coal or coke and calcium based raw material calcite, lime stone or lime according to a certain percentage
Broken fine is uniformly carried out after mixing, obtains the first well mixed mixture；The is obtained by tar, binding agent are well mixed
Two mixtures；
2) by the first mixture and the second mixture according to 100：0-5% is compressing after being mixed, and obtains the reaction of shaping
Raw material；Or the block carbon based raw material of certain particle diameter and block calcium based raw material are directly mixed into acquisition according to certain ratio
Reactant feed；
3) forvacuum：Ready reactant feed is added in the closed calcium carbide reactor with vacuum system, started
Vavuum pump, the air in extraction device and material, makes the absolute pressure in reactor be less than 500Pa；
4) the low-temperature heat stage in：Heating-up temperature is 500~900 DEG C, 0.5~3h of constant temperature, the pressure in reactor for 0.5~
105KPa；This stage can release gas, after exchanging heat, isolating and purifying, can obtain the product of high added value；
5) the pyroreaction stage：After the middle low-temperature heat stage terminates, rise temperature generates material reaction to 1550~1900 DEG C
Calcium carbide calcium carbide；Absolute pressure in this stage control reactor is 50-2000Pa, and in this reaction temperature and reaction pressure bar
0.2~4h of maintenance reaction under part so that material reaction is complete；
6) calcium carbide discharges：After reaction terminates, stop heating and vacuumize, when reaction temperature is less than 450 DEG C, open reactor,
Take out solid product calcium carbide.
10. the method that a kind of vacuum low-pressure as described in claim any one of 1-5,7-9 prepares calcium carbide, it is characterised in that：Institute
State the C of carbon-based raw material and calcium based raw material:Ca mol ratios are (2.0~4.5)：1.
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| CN109133064A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | A kind of calcium carbide synthesis technology of green low-carbon |
| CN113753898A (en) * | 2021-08-19 | 2021-12-07 | 首钢集团有限公司 | Method for improving purity of calcium carbide |
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