CN109123908B - 一种石墨烯抑菌鞋垫及其制备方法与用途 - Google Patents
一种石墨烯抑菌鞋垫及其制备方法与用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种石墨烯抑菌鞋垫及其制备方法与用途,本发明所述的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,从上至下依次包括面层、石墨烯层和底层,在其面层上浸渗有多孔质层,在石墨烯层内设置有石墨烯薄膜,在底层内嵌有电源,且石墨烯薄膜与电源电连接;本发明采用特定方法制得的石墨烯,石墨烯薄膜与电源连接,能够发热并且可辐射出8~15um远红外光波起到健康理疗的作用,制得的石墨烯鞋垫不仅具有长期且安全的抑菌的功能,使细菌无法在鞋内滋生;此外,采用本发明特定的制备石墨烯的方法,使得制备得到的石墨烯的化学键结构较完整,进而使得石墨烯的具有优异的导电性能,因而,不需频繁更换鞋垫的电源。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于石墨烯鞋垫制备技术领域,具体涉及一种石墨烯抑菌鞋垫及其制备方法与用途。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高和健康环保意识的增强,人们对鞋的要求也逐渐从柔软舒适、吸湿透气、防风防雨等扩展到防霉防蛀、杀菌除臭、保健无毒等方面。尤其在夏天和运动后,由于汗液分泌量剧增,微生物高速繁殖,大量分解汗液中的有机物而产生恶臭,长此以往甚至导致脚臭、脚癣、脚气等一系列脚部疾病,直接影响着人们的身心健康。因此,在鞋垫上添加抗菌材料以减轻或抑制脚臭、脚癣、脚气等一系列脚部疾病,成为了人们研发的热点。
目前通过在鞋垫上添加抗菌材料来达到抑菌效果的方法主要有在鞋垫上设置药物层和设置吸附层,其中,在鞋垫上设置药物层是通过药物杀菌,但该药物层大多数使用了对人体有害的化学消毒剂,而且药物容易在使用一段时间后就失效;在鞋垫上设置吸附层是利用物质庞大的表面积及其所固有的高表面能对周围物质产生强大的吸附力,如活性炭等,但这种物理吸附容易因吸附饱和而失效,且只能简单除臭,无法杀灭鞋内滋生的细菌、真菌。以上方法都是治标不治本,且无法起到长期灭菌除臭、抑制细菌滋生的作用。
为此,现有技术提供了一种石墨烯鞋垫,所述石墨烯鞋垫从上至下依次包括面层、石墨烯层、药物层、底层,石墨烯层设有石墨烯薄膜,药物层与底层的接触面设有容纳腔,容纳腔对应的底层处开设有孔,药包通过孔放置于容纳腔内,底层内嵌有电源,石墨烯薄膜与电源电连接。上述鞋垫中的石墨烯不仅增加了鞋柔软舒适的功能,还具有抑菌的功能,使细菌无法在鞋内滋生,不仅能避免人们罹患脚部疾病,同时可减少脚部疾病患者的痛苦并慢慢治愈。但上述石墨烯鞋垫中的石墨烯的导电性能一般,使得底层的电源需频繁更换,给使用者带来了不便。鉴于此,如何对现有的鞋垫进行改进,使鞋垫的抑菌性能安全且长期有效,而且不需频繁更换电源。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,并进一步提供了该石墨烯抑菌鞋垫的制备方法以及其在制备保健鞋垫中用途。
本发明解决上述技术问题采用的技术方案为:
本发明第一方面,提供一种石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,从上至下依次包括面层、石墨烯层和底层;所述面层上浸渗有多孔质层,所述多孔质层由聚氨酯构成;所述石墨烯层设置有石墨烯薄膜;所述底层内嵌有电源,所述石墨烯薄膜与所述电源电连接;
所述石墨烯薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将石墨粉与插层剂混合均匀,采用机械研磨方式,得到混合前驱体;
(2)将所述步骤(1)制得的混合前驱体与有机溶剂混合,依次加入经巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺、分散剂,搅拌均匀后,进行超声处理,得到石墨烯薄膜;
优选地,所述面层的材料为无纺布或亚麻纤维;所述面层的上表面设有凸起。
优选地,所述底层为EVA发泡鞋底;所述底层的的下表面设有防滑纹。
优选地,所述石墨烯薄膜的制备方法中,所述石墨粉为鳞片石墨、膨胀石墨或土状石墨;所述插层剂为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠或亚硫酸钠。
优选地,所述石墨粉与所述插层剂的质量比为1:(3~10);所述机械研磨方式为高能球磨或卧式研磨,所述机械研磨方式的时间为50~150h。
上述石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,所述石墨粉与所述经巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺、所述分散剂的质量比为1:10:80。
优选地,所述分散剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;所述有机溶剂为甲醇或异丙醇。
本发明第二方面,提供一种上述石墨烯抑菌鞋垫的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述石墨烯层的下表面与底层的上表面固定贴合;
(2)将所述面层浸渍在包含聚氨酯和有机溶剂的溶液中,浸渍时间为2~4h,干燥;
(3)在所述石墨烯层的上表面固定所述步骤(2)的浸渍有聚氨酯的面层。
本发明第三方面,提供一种上述制备方法制备得到的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫。
本发明第四方面,提供一种上述石墨烯抑菌鞋垫在制备保健鞋垫中用途。
本发明的上述技术方案具有如下优点:
本发明所述的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,从上至下依次包括面层、石墨烯层和底层,在其面层上浸渗有多孔质层,在石墨烯层内设置有石墨烯薄膜,在底层内嵌有电源,且石墨烯薄膜与电源电连接;本发明进一步提供了石墨烯薄膜的制备方法,其首先将石墨粉与插层剂混合均匀,采用机械研磨方式,得到混合前驱体,而后将制得的混合前驱体与有机溶剂混合,依次加入经巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺、分散剂,搅拌均匀后,进行超声处理,得到石墨烯薄膜。本发明采用特定方法制得的石墨烯,一方面,石墨烯薄膜与电源连接,能够发热并且可辐射出8~15um远红外光波起到健康理疗的作用,使得制得的石墨烯鞋垫不仅具有长期且安全的抑菌的功能,使细菌无法在鞋内滋生,不仅能避免人们罹患脚部疾病,同时可减少脚部疾病患者的痛苦并慢慢治愈;另一方面,采用本发明特定的制备石墨烯的方法制备得到的石墨烯的化学键结构较完整,进而使得石墨烯的具有优异的导电性能,因而,不需频繁更换鞋垫的电源;此外,在鞋垫的面层上浸渗聚氨酯,可进一步提高制得的鞋垫的柔软性,更易受到人们的青睐。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。此外,下面所描述的本发明不同实施方式中所涉及的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互结合。
在本发明中,所用原料均为市售品。
实施例1
本实施例提供的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,从上至下依次包括面层、石墨烯层和底层;面层上浸渗聚氨酯,石墨烯层设置有石墨烯薄膜,底层内嵌有电源,所述石墨烯薄膜与所述电源电连接;在本实施例中,面层的材料为无纺布,其具有透气、防潮、不助燃、无毒无刺激的功能;且在面层的上表面设有凸起,设置的凸起可对脚底进行按摩,底层为EVA发泡鞋底,且在底层的下表面设有防滑纹,能够有效防止鞋垫在鞋中滑动,避免鞋垫发生偏移。
在本实施例中,电源采用电池,进一步为锂电池,本发明底层选用的EVA发泡鞋底不仅保护了电源还能充分起到缓冲作用,使整个鞋垫更加柔软舒适。
本实施例提供的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:石墨烯薄膜的制备
(1)取分子量为25000Da、羟乙基取代度为0.5的羟乙基淀粉1g溶在10mL去离子水中,搅拌至溶解,然后依次加入1.2g氢氧化钠和1.5g氯乙酸形成反应体系,并将该反应体系于100℃下进行反应5h,停止反应,冷制室温,将反应体系倒入20mL甲醇中,搅拌,离心,得到白色沉淀,即为羧基化的羟乙基淀粉;
取0.8g上述制得的羧基化的羟乙基淀粉溶于10mL去离子水中,加入250mg1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、75mgN-羟基琥珀酰亚胺和150mg 2-(吡啶二硫)-乙胺盐酸盐形成反应体系,将此反应体系于30℃搅拌反应30h,离心,取上清采用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋去离子水透析3天,冷冻干燥得到羟乙基淀粉-2-(吡啶二硫);
(2)取0.5g上述步骤制得的羟乙基淀粉-2-(吡啶二硫)溶于10mL二甲亚砜中,加入420mg二硫苏糖醇,在氮气保护下室温搅拌反应24h,然后采用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋去离子水透析3天,冷冻干燥,得到巯基化羟乙基淀粉;
(3)取40mg聚多巴胺分散在10mL去离子水中,搅拌超声30min,加入氢氧化钠调节pH为10,而后缓慢加入200mg上述步骤制得的巯基化羟乙基淀粉边搅拌,加入完毕后,在室温下搅拌反应30h,超滤以除去未反应的巯基化羟乙基淀粉,上述超滤管的截留分子量为100kDa,超滤转速为4000转/分钟,得到由巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺;
(4)将1g鳞片石墨粉与10g碳酸氢钠混合均匀进行高能球磨50h,研磨完毕,得到混合前驱体,在其他实施例中,石墨粉也可以选用膨胀石墨或土状石墨,均可以达到相同的功效;同理,在其他实施例中,插层剂可选用碳酸钠或亚硫酸钠,均可以达到相同的功效;在其他实施例中,石墨粉与插层剂的质量比可为1:(3~10)之间的任意数值,均可以达到相同的功效;在其他实施例中,高能球磨时间可为50~150h之间的任意数值,均可以达到相同的功效;
(5)将所述步骤(4)制得的混合前驱体与250mL甲醇混合,而后依次加入10g经巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺、80g十二烷基苯磺酸钠,搅拌均匀后,用超声发生器进行超声处理,超声时间为1h,超声功率为300W,然后经水洗、离心、50℃干燥,得到石墨烯薄膜产物;
经检测,本实施例制得的石墨烯的层数约为3层。
S2:石墨烯抑菌鞋垫的制备
(1)将S1步骤制得的石墨烯层的下表面与底层的上表面固定贴合,在本实施例中,固定贴合的具体方式可采用粘合固定;
(2)将面层浸渍在聚氨酯的浓度为1mol/L的甲醇溶液中,浸渍时间为2h,室温干燥2h,在其他实施例中,干燥时间可选择2~4h之间的任意数值;
(3)在石墨烯层的上表面固定步骤(2)的浸渍有聚氨酯的面层,即制得石墨烯抑菌鞋垫。
实施例2
本实施例提供的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,从上至下依次包括面层、石墨烯层和底层;面层上浸渗聚氨酯,石墨烯层设置有石墨烯薄膜,底层内嵌有电源,所述石墨烯薄膜与所述电源电连接;在本实施例中,面层的材料为亚麻纤维,其同样具有透气、防潮、不助燃、无毒无刺激的功能,当然在其他实施例中,也可以采用具有相同功能的其他材料;且在面层的上表面设有凸起,设置的凸起可对脚底进行按摩,底层为EVA发泡鞋底,且在底层的下表面设有防滑纹,能够有效防止鞋垫在鞋中滑动,避免鞋垫发生偏移。
本实施例提供的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1:石墨烯薄膜的制备
(1)取分子量为25000Da、羟乙基取代度为0.5的羟乙基淀粉1g溶在10mL去离子水中,搅拌至溶解,然后依次加入1.2g氢氧化钠和1.5g氯乙酸形成反应体系,并将该反应体系于100℃下进行反应5h,停止反应,冷制室温,将反应体系倒入20mL甲醇中,搅拌,离心,得到白色沉淀,即为羧基化的羟乙基淀粉;
取0.8g上述制得的羧基化的羟乙基淀粉溶于10mL去离子水中,加入250mg1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐、75mgN-羟基琥珀酰亚胺和150mg 2-(吡啶二硫)-乙胺盐酸盐形成反应体系,将此反应体系于30℃搅拌反应30h,离心,取上清采用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋去离子水透析3天,冷冻干燥得到羟乙基淀粉-2-(吡啶二硫);
(2)取0.5g上述步骤制得的羟乙基淀粉-2-(吡啶二硫)溶于10mL二甲亚砜中,加入420mg二硫苏糖醇,在氮气保护下室温搅拌反应24h,然后采用截留分子量为3500Da的透析袋去离子水透析3天,冷冻干燥,得到巯基化羟乙基淀粉;
(3)取40mg聚多巴胺分散在10mL去离子水中,搅拌超声30min,加入氢氧化钠调节pH为10,而后缓慢加入200mg上述步骤制得的巯基化羟乙基淀粉边搅拌,加入完毕后,在室温下搅拌反应30h,超滤以除去未反应的巯基化羟乙基淀粉,上述超滤管的截留分子量为100kDa,超滤转速为4000转/分钟,得到由巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺;
(4)将1g土状石墨粉与3g亚硫酸钠混合均匀进行卧式研磨150h,研磨完毕,得到混合前驱体;在其他实施例中,卧式研磨时间可为50~150h之间的任意数值,均可以达到相同的功效;
(5)将所述步骤(4)制得的混合前驱体与350mL异丙醇混合,而后依次加入10g经巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺、80g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮,搅拌均匀后,用超声发生器进行超声处理,超声时间为1h,超声功率为300W,然后经水洗、离心、50℃干燥,得到石墨烯薄膜产物;
经检测,本实施例制得的石墨烯的层数约为3~4层。
S2:石墨烯抑菌鞋垫的制备
(1)将S1步骤制得的石墨烯层的下表面与底层的上表面固定贴合;
(2)将面层浸渍在聚氨酯的浓度为1mol/L的甲醇溶液中,浸渍时间为2h,室温干燥4h;
(3)在石墨烯层的上表面固定步骤(2)的浸渍有聚氨酯的面层,即制得石墨烯抑菌鞋垫。
实验例
将实施例1~2制得的石墨烯鞋垫用于患有脚气的患者,对比本发明制备的石墨烯鞋垫与普通石墨烯鞋垫的差异(普通石墨烯鞋垫的制备方法同中国发明专利CN108209046A),选取10名脚气患者,其中,穿戴本发明制备的石墨烯鞋垫与普通石墨烯鞋垫的脚气患者各5名。计算穿戴本发明制备的石墨烯鞋垫与穿戴普通石墨烯鞋垫的脚气患者的鞋垫的平均更换电池时间(平均更换时间为5名脚气患者的更换电池的时间总和除以5)。以脚气患者感觉到鞋垫不再发热时即可更换鞋垫。
表1鞋垫更换时间
由表1可知,本发明制得的石墨烯鞋垫的电池更换持续时间较长,不需频繁更换鞋垫的电源,由此在此证明了本发明的石墨烯薄膜具有优异的导电性能。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (6)
1.一种石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,其特征在于,从上至下依次包括面层、石墨烯层和底层;所述面层上浸渗有多孔质层,所述多孔质层由聚氨酯构成;所述石墨烯层设置有石墨烯薄膜;所述底层内嵌有电源,所述石墨烯薄膜与所述电源电连接;
所述石墨烯薄膜的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将石墨粉与插层剂混合均匀,采用机械研磨方式,得到混合前驱体;
(2)将所述步骤(1)制得的混合前驱体与有机溶剂混合,依次加入经巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺、分散剂,搅拌均匀后,进行超声处理,得到石墨烯薄膜;
所述石墨粉为鳞片石墨、膨胀石墨或土状石墨;
所述插层剂为碳酸钠、碳酸氢钠或亚硫酸钠;
所述石墨粉与所述插层剂的质量比为1:(3~10);
所述机械研磨方式为高能球磨或卧式研磨,所述机械研磨方式的时间为50~150h;
所述石墨粉与所述经巯基化羟乙基淀粉修饰的聚多巴胺、所述分散剂的质量比为1:10:80;
所述分散剂为十二烷基苯磺酸钠或聚乙烯吡咯烷酮;所述有机溶剂为甲醇或异丙醇。
2.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,其特征在于,所述面层的材料为无纺布或亚麻纤维;所述面层的上表面设有凸起。
3.根据权利要求1所述的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫,其特征在于,所述底层为EVA发泡鞋底;所述底层的下表面设有防滑纹。
4.一种权利要求1-3任一项所述的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将所述石墨烯层的下表面与底层的上表面固定贴合;
(2)将所述面层浸渍在包含聚氨酯和有机溶剂的溶液中,浸渍时间为2~4h,干燥;
(3)在所述石墨烯层的上表面固定所述步骤(2)的浸渍有聚氨酯的面层。
5.一种根据权利要求4所述的制备方法制备得到的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫。
6.权利要求1-3任一项所述的石墨烯抑菌鞋垫在制备保健鞋垫中用途。
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