CN109123342A - A kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin - Google Patents
A kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin Download PDFInfo
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- CN109123342A CN109123342A CN201811298762.9A CN201811298762A CN109123342A CN 109123342 A CN109123342 A CN 109123342A CN 201811298762 A CN201811298762 A CN 201811298762A CN 109123342 A CN109123342 A CN 109123342A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
- A23L5/27—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification by chemical treatment, by adsorption or by absorption
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B9/00—Preservation of edible seeds, e.g. cereals
- A23B9/08—Drying; Subsequent reconstitution
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Storage Of Fruits Or Vegetables (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of methods that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin, it is characterised in that: and 1, be placed in water wheat berry by little Mai ﹕ water=1 ﹕ 1-1.5, it using impregnating in short-term, is drained after immersion, controls its moisture content in 14%-14.5%；2, the wheat berry after draining is used into ozone treatment as early as possible, ozone processor fumigates mode using bed, and in 100-120mg/L, the processing time is 30-40min for ozone concentration control, on the basis of not influencing wheat physicochemical property, wheat vomitoxin can be made to reduce 60%-70%；3, wheat is placed in boiling type drying machine after detoxification, and using low temperature hot-air drying technology, wheat berry moisture is reduced to 12% or less.Wheat vomitoxin content processed by the invention can reduce 60%-70%, meet wheat flour in " in national food safety standard food mycotoxin limit the quantity " (GB 2761-2011) food: vomitoxin limit index is 1000(μ g/kg) relevant criterion, water content is lower than 12%, can be with lengthy warehousing, application range is very wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of grain security manufacture field, in particular to a kind of wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin
Method.
Background technique
For a long time, since gibberella saubinetii toxin outburst frequency increases, vomitoxin becomes wheat increase yield and quality safety
Chief threat, especially to the important Winter Wheat Area such as the Chinese Yangtze river basin, Huanghuai Area constitute significant damage.Vomitoxin main body at
It is divided into DON(deoxynivalenol, deoxynivalenol), belong to trichothecene, vomitoxin exists
It is highly stable in food processing, it 210 DEG C of stoving temperature, 140 DEG C of fry temperature or boils, is all difficult to remove.The dirt of vomitoxin
Dye is widely present in world community, and China, Japan, the U.S., the former Soviet Union, South Africa etc. are found.Vomitoxin mainly pollutes small
The cereal crops such as wheat, barley, oat, corn also pollute cereal product, such as bread, biscuit, wheat dessert.In addition, in animal
Milk, vomitoxin residual is found in egg.Vomitoxin is for pollution situation and the toxigenic bacterium strain of Cereals class, temperature, wet
The factors such as degree, ventilation, sunshine are related.Wheat scab is mainly distributed on moist Temperate Region in China, and most of China is regional and proper
It is just in this area, this is that Chinese vomitoxin pollutes more serious one of reason, in the pollution of rainy time vomitoxin
Situation is then even more serious, and gibberella saubinetii poisoning is also one of most important fungoid food poisoning of China, this also increasingly causes
The attention of people.
For wheat berry, vomitoxin is mainly stored in the bran coat of wheat berry, traditional removing wheat vomiting
Toxin has by the way of washing wheat, and the moisture content that this will cause wheat is higher, and later period energy consumption for drying is larger.
Current international and national is retrieved to the research of the removal of wheat not as good as other agricultural product products, is especially being used
The aspect of green physical method removing wheat vomitoxin, substantially belongs to blank.It is existing to be ground about vomitoxin in wheat
Study carefully the harm and measurement and aspect for being substantially focused on vomitoxin in feed, Cao Yu, Dang Meng, Wang Ming elaborates that rotten sickle is avenged in deoxidation
Progress in terms of the chemical property of knife bacterium enol, toxic effect and biological detoxication.Yang Xin, Lee's cloth are bravely equal to hidden in feed
Cover Forming Mechanism, the detection method, the toxicity progress for polluting distribution situation, toxicity mechanism and in vitro and in vivo of vomitoxin
Summary.Zhou Can, Long Xueming, Yang Kun etc. explain the pollution condition of vomitoxin, toxic effect, domestic and international limitation situation
It states, further studies and provide fundamental basis for vomitoxin.Yuan Ke, Gong Yan, Wang Junshuan etc. in Grain and its product by vomitting
The detection of toxin is tested, and the 2 kinds of immunological techniques (gold test strip method and enzyme-linked immunization) that will test vomitoxin compare,
Investigate the coincidence rate of 2 kinds of methods.Wang Yiqian, Chen Junyi, imperial cloud phoenix etc. establish the quick detection that a kind of accuracy is high, repeatability is excellent
The tube-type chemical luminescent immunoassay (CLIA) of vomitoxin (DON) in Cereals.Xu Cunkuan, Xue Yun are just equal quick with colloidal gold
Sizing technique controls the vomitoxin content of storage wheat to the field quick detection of vomitoxin during purchase grain.Institute
All concentrate on the harm and measurement and aspect of vomitoxin in feed substantially with present studies in China.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aims to overcome that deficiency in the prior art, provides a kind of wet process ozone reduction wheat berry vomitoxin
Method.
First using means are impregnated in short-term, wheat berry is impregnated into 1-1.5min in water, only to the wheat bran on wheat berry surface
Layer is soaked, and is drained after immersion, is reused ozone and handle it, is on the one hand improved treatment effeciency, on the other hand can be made small
Wheat overall moisture content is lower, is convenient for subsequent drying.
Wheat berry after draining is used into ozone treatment as early as possible, ozone processor using bed fumigate mode to wheat berry into
Row processing, in 105-125mg/L, the processing time is 30-40min for ozone concentration control.
Wheat is placed in boiling type drying machine after processing, by wheat berry on the basis of not destroying wheat endosperm physicochemical property
Moisture is reduced to 12% hereinafter, convenient for lengthy warehousing.Wheat vomitoxin content processed by the invention can reduce 60%-70%, can
To meet wheat flour in " mycotoxin is limited the quantity in national food safety standard food " (GB 2761-2011) food: vomiting poison
Plain limit index is the relevant criterion of 1000(μ g/kg), and water content, can be with lengthy warehousing lower than 12%, and application range is very wide
It is wealthy.
To achieve the goals above, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) the exceeded wheat berry of vomitoxin is weighed on electronic scale, is added to the water according to little Mai ﹕ water=1 ﹕ 1-1.5 or so,
Soaking time is 1-1.5min, is drained after immersion, controls its moisture content in 14%-14.5%；
Since vomitoxin is primarily present in wheat berry surface in wheat berry, moisture content on DON degradation in wheat berry influence compared with
Greatly, the larger ozone that can slow down of moisture is equivalent to the time of contact for extending ozone and toxin in material bed movement.Because small
The moisture content of wheat is typically about 12% or so, and also 12% or so, too low moisture causes small the moisture content on wheat berry surface
The vomitoxin of wheat particle surface cannot occur sufficiently to react with ozone, and the simple moisture content for improving wheat berry entirety will affect
Subsequent drying, causes energy consumption to increase.Wheat berry is impregnated 1-1.5min, only using means are impregnated in short-term by the present invention in water
The bran coat on wheat berry surface is soaked, is drained after immersion, ozone is reused and it is handled, on the one hand improves processing effect
On the other hand rate can make wheat berry overall moisture content lower, be convenient for subsequent drying.
(2) wheat berry after draining is used into ozone treatment as early as possible, ozone processor fumigates mode, ozone gas using bed
Body enters from fumigator bottom, is discharged from top.The bottom of fumigator is provided with 2 diameters by every square centimeter as 0.2 centimetre
Aperture, it is therefore an objective to ozone gas be made to be evenly distributed.There is three-layer screen in the upper part of fumigator, and wheat to be processed is placed on sieve
Grain.Ozone flow velocity is determined according to the diameter of fumigator, and general control is in 1-1.2 L/min/cm2, ozone concentration, which controls, to exist
105-125mg/L, processing time are 30-40min.
The present invention is directed to the feature of high-volume wheat berry processing, designs a kind of bed fumigator, can guarantee ozone and object
Material comes into full contact with.It designs streams of ozone and enters fumigator from bottom, flowed out with after material effect from top.Fumigator and ozone hair
Spinner flowmeter is housed between raw device, for controlling ozone flow velocity.Ozone generator outlet rear end and reactor outlet rear end
Ozone concentration detector in parallel is distinguished on main line, for monitoring the ozone concentration of inflow and outflow fumigator.
There is the lactone ring of double bond composition in vomitoxin structure, and C9 and C10 double bond is exactly ozone in DON structure
DON can be degraded to the simpler molecule such as acid, aldehyde, ketone after oxidation by the site of oxidation.Ozone is as a kind of oxidation
Agent and bleaching agent, excessive ozone treatment can cause the change of grain physical and chemical composition itself.The present invention passes through test of many times, ozone
In 105-125mg/L, the processing time is 30-40min for concentration control.On the basis of not influencing wheat physicochemical property, it can make
Vomitoxin degradation 60%-70% or so.
(3) wheat is placed in boiling type drying machine after detoxification, controls 40 DEG C of temperature, air quantity 6000-7000m/h, processing
Wheat berry moisture is reduced to 12% or less by 15min.
Since the moisture content of general wheat inventory will be lower than 12%, the moisture of wheat berry is also in 13%- after ozone treatment
14%, the present invention is handled wheat berry using boiling drier, boiling drier be by clean hot wind through valve plate distribute into
Enter in bed body, the wet stock entered from feeder forms fluidized state by hot wind, since hot wind contacts extensively with material, enhances
The process of heat and mass, therefore can dry within a short period of time.In this way wheat physics and chemistry can not be influenced under cryogenic
On the basis of matter, the moisture of wheat berry is removed.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, make the present invention has the advantage that
(1) ozone that the present invention uses removes at normal temperature destroys the interior of the composition of double bond present in vomitoxin (DON) structure
Alicyclic ring is to reach detoxification purpose while keep the essential nature of wheat berry.
(2) present invention designs a kind of bed fumigator, can guarantee ozone for the feature of high-volume wheat grain processing
It is come into full contact with material, vomitoxin of degrading, application range is very wide.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the ozone fumigator that the present invention uses；
Fig. 2 is venthole distribution map in the ozone fumigator of the invention used.
Specific embodiment
The concrete operation step of the measurement of measurement, vomitoxin in four embodiments as described below in relation to wheat berry moisture
It is as follows:
1, wheat berry determination of moisture
Wheat berry is crushed, is mixed, 60 mesh screens are crossed, division processing is carried out to wheat flour using quartering, 2-3g is taken to be placed in
Weighing bottle (the W of constant weight1) in, its weight (W is weighed in electronic balance (being accurate to 0.1mg)2).Weighing bottle is placed in baking oven, temperature
105 DEG C of degree modulation is dried, and after drying to constant weight, taking-up weighing bottle, which is placed in drier, to be cooled to room temperature, in electronics
Balance (being accurate to 0.1mg) weighs its weight (W3).
Wheat berry moisture=W2- W3/ W2- W1
2, wheat berry vomitoxin measurement-enzyme-linked immunization
1. mixing sieving after wheat berry is crushed, sieve is 20 mesh, weighs 5g on an electronic balance, with 50ml water oscillation 15
Min is filtered with qualitative filter paper, and filtrate is taken to be measured with kit；
2.) detection parameters setting
Sample after enzyme linked immunological kit reacts in being detected in microplate reader, 450 nm of Detection wavelength.
Embodiment one:
A kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin, preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) content for measuring wheat berry vomitoxin is 1340 μ g/kg, and the exceeded wheat of vomitoxin is weighed on electronic scale
50kg water, soaking time 1min is added in grain 50kg, and stirring drains after impregnating, and measuring its moisture content is 14.2%；
(2) as shown in Figure 1, the wheat berry after draining is placed in ozone fumigator, the design diameter of fumigator bottom circle is 2 meters,
The area of a circle is 31400 square centimeters, and the bottom circular partition air inlet of fumigator is 2 centimetres by diameter is provided with every 20 centimetres or so
Aperture, ozone gas enters from fumigator bottom, and wheat berry is placed in the upper part three-layer screen of fumigator, wheat berry thickness
It is 1-1.5 centimetres, opens ozone generator, ozone concentration is adjusted in 100mg/L, and flow control is at 3140 L/min, control
The reason time is 30min.
(3) wheat is placed in boiling type drying machine after detoxification, controls 40 DEG C of temperature, air quantity 6000m/h, handles 15min, is surveyed
The moisture content for determining wheat berry is 11.8%, and vomitoxin content is 520 μ g/kg, removal efficiency 61.2%.Meet " food safety
Mycotoxin is limited the quantity in national standard food " wheat flour in (GB 2761-2011) food: vomitoxin limit index is 1000
The relevant criterion of (μ g/kg).
Embodiment two:
A kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin, preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) content for measuring wheat berry vomitoxin is 1340 μ g/kg, the exceeded wheat of vomitoxin is weighed on electronic scale
75kg water is added in grain 50kg, and stirring soaking time is 1.5min, is drained after immersion, and measuring its moisture content is 14.4%；
(2) wheat berry after draining is placed in ozone fumigator, the design diameter of fumigator bottom circle is 2 meters, and the area of a circle is
31400 square centimeters, the bottom inflow of fumigator is by the aperture that be provided with diameter every 20 centimetres be 2 centimetres, and ozone gas is from smoked
Steaming device bottom enters, and wheat berry is placed in the upper part three-layer screen of fumigator, and wheat berry is opened smelly with a thickness of 1-1.5 centimetres
Oxygen Generator, ozone concentration are adjusted in 120mg/L, and flow control is 40min in 3140 L/min, control processing time.
(3) wheat is placed in boiling type drying machine after detoxification, controls 40 DEG C of temperature, air quantity 7000m/h, handles 15min, is surveyed
The moisture content for determining wheat berry is 11.2%, and vomitoxin content is 410 μ g //kg, removal efficiency 69.4%.Meet " food peace
Mycotoxin is limited the quantity in national family's standard food " wheat flour in (GB 2761-2011) food: vomitoxin limit index is
1000(μ g/kg) relevant criterion.
Embodiment three:
A kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin, preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) content for measuring wheat berry vomitoxin is 1340 μ g //kg, exceeded small of vomitoxin is weighed on electronic scale
600kg water is added in wheat 500kg, and stirring soaking time is 1.2min, is drained after immersion, and measuring its moisture content is 14.4%；
(2) wheat berry after draining is placed in ozone fumigator, the design diameter of fumigator bottom circle is 2 meters, and the area of a circle is
31400 square centimeters, the bottom inflow of fumigator is by the aperture that be provided with diameter every 20 centimetres be 2 centimetres, and ozone gas is from smoked
Steaming device bottom enters, and wheat berry is placed in the upper part three-layer screen of fumigator, and wheat berry is opened smelly with a thickness of 1-1.5 centimetres
Oxygen Generator, ozone concentration are adjusted in 120mg/L, and flow control is 35min in 3140 L/min, control processing time.
(3) wheat is placed in boiling type drying machine after detoxification, controls 40 DEG C of temperature, air quantity 6500m/h, handles 15min, is surveyed
The moisture content for determining wheat berry is 11.6%, and vomitoxin content is 430 μ g/kg, removal efficiency 67.9%.Meet " food safety
Mycotoxin is limited the quantity in national standard food " wheat flour in (GB 2761-2011) food: vomitoxin limit index is 1000
The relevant criterion of (μ g/kg).
Example IV:
A kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin, preparation method includes the following steps:
(1) content for measuring wheat berry vomitoxin is 1340 μ g/kg, the exceeded wheat of vomitoxin is weighed on electronic scale
700kg water is added in grain 500kg, and stirring soaking time is 1.5min, is drained after immersion, and measuring its moisture content is 14.5%；
(2) wheat berry after draining is placed in ozone fumigator, the design diameter of fumigator bottom circle is 2 meters, and the area of a circle is
31400 square centimeters, the bottom inflow of fumigator is by the aperture that be provided with diameter every 20 centimetres be 2 centimetres, and ozone gas is from smoked
Steaming device bottom enters, and wheat berry is placed in the upper part three-layer screen of fumigator, and wheat berry is opened smelly with a thickness of 1-1.5 centimetres
Oxygen Generator, ozone concentration are adjusted in 100mg/L, and flow control is 40min in 3140 L/min, control processing time.
(3) wheat is placed in boiling type drying machine after detoxification, controls 40 DEG C of temperature, air quantity 7000m/h, handles 15min, is surveyed
The moisture content for determining wheat berry is 11.3%, and vomitoxin content is 420 μ g/kg, removal efficiency 68.6%.Meet " food safety
Mycotoxin is limited the quantity in national standard food " wheat flour in (GB 2761-2011) food: vomitoxin limit index is 1000
The relevant criterion of (μ g/kg).
Claims (1)
1. a kind of method that wet process ozone reduces wheat berry vomitoxin, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
(1) wheat berry soaking step: weighing the exceeded wheat berry of vomitoxin, adds according to little Mai ﹕ water=1 ﹕ 1-1.5 ratio
Enter in water, soaking time 1-1.5min is drained after immersion, controls its moisture content in 14%-14.5%；
(2) ozone treatment step: the wheat berry after draining is placed in fumigator using ozone treatment, and ozone gas is from fumigator
Bottom, which enters, fumigates wheat berry, then from top discharge, and ozone flow control is in 1-1.2 L/min/cm2, ozone is dense
In 105-125mg/L, the processing time is 30-40min for degree control；
(3) drying steps: the wheat berry after stifling detoxification is placed in boiling type drying machine, controls 40 DEG C of temperature, air quantity 6000-
7000m3/ h handles 15min, wheat berry moisture is reduced to 12% or less.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN109566968A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-05 | 蚌埠学院 | A kind of device and its processing method using UV treatment wheat berry |
| CN110200198A (en) * | 2019-05-29 | 2019-09-06 | 安徽雁飞粮油有限责任公司 | A kind of anti-mould and anti-moth storage method of flour |
| CN110301577A (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2019-10-08 | 淮阴师范学院 | A kind of method of vomitoxin in abatement wheat flour |
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| CN109566968A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-04-05 | 蚌埠学院 | A kind of device and its processing method using UV treatment wheat berry |
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