CN109120154A - A kind of low voltage output circuit and application - Google Patents
A kind of low voltage output circuit and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN109120154A CN109120154A CN201811107918.0A CN201811107918A CN109120154A CN 109120154 A CN109120154 A CN 109120154A CN 201811107918 A CN201811107918 A CN 201811107918A CN 109120154 A CN109120154 A CN 109120154A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of low voltage output circuits, including buck topological circuit, for exporting the voltage of buck topology accessory power supply；Winding circuit is coupled, the coupling winding circuit connects the buck topological circuit outputting inductance by coupling winding coupled, for the alternating voltage of coupling winding output to be rectified and filtered；Voltage regulator circuit, the voltage regulator circuit couple winding circuit parallel connection with described, carry out further stability maintenance for the output voltage to coupling winding circuit；Voltage follower circuit is connected with the voltage regulator circuit, constant for maintaining the output voltage of part output end of the voltage regulator circuit, while increasing the output electric current of the part output end of the voltage regulator circuit；Switching circuit, the part output end for controlling the voltage follower circuit export low-voltage, or the direct output HIGH voltage of input of control low voltage output circuit.The loss of the low voltage output circuit is small, at low cost and strong applicability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of new energy technologies, are related to grid-connected/off-network technical field of power generation, in particular to a kind of low
Voltage follower circuit and application.
Background technique
As photovoltaic generating system is using more and more extensive, the safety problem of photovoltaic system is also increasingly taken seriously, light
There are high direct voltages for volt system, certainly exist the risk of electric shock and electric arc sparking, especially when fire occurs for photovoltaic system, because
For the presence of system dc high pressure, fireman can not sue and labour in time.To solve safety existing for the DC high-voltage of photovoltaic system
Hidden danger, insider is it is well recognized that the necessity of component level shutdown, corresponding some photovoltaic cutoff devices come into being, such as
Application publication number is photovoltaic Quick shut-off device disclosed in 106602504A, and application publication number is one kind disclosed in 107919710A
Actively turn off formula photovoltaic devices.
Although the voltage output of photovoltaic module grade product can be turned off in time by the photovoltaic cutoff device of setting, it is
Meet practical application request, there is still a need for output standby voltages under photovoltaic module grade product is in an off state.On the one hand,
The standby voltage can power under controller electrical equipment off state for such as turning off in certain photovoltaic cutoff devices,
Guarantee that it can be restored to normal condition from off state；It on the other hand, should when photovoltaic system is initially installed or safeguarded
Standby voltage can help to confirm that photovoltaic group series winding connects quantity and whether connection is correct.
According to the standard that SunSpec alliance is released, under component level product off state, a standby voltage is maintained,
Minimum to be not less than 0.6V, output current capacity is greater than 10mA.
Currently, component level product routine low-voltage output scheme is low pressure difference linear voltage regulator (low dropout in the industry
Regulator, LDO), it is leading buck scheme etc. with buck circuit.Wherein, the loss of LDO is big, and is not appropriate for for leading
Switching tube is the negative terminal the case where；Buck scheme is more complex, at high cost, and by taking switching off device as an example, buck scheme needs to increase by two MOS
Pipe and corresponding driving and an inductance, the loss of these original parts are at high cost greatly.
Therefore, one kind being not only suitable for main switch in negative terminal, and is suitable for main switch in anode；It is suitable for only related
The switching off device of disconnected function, but the low-voltage output scheme for being suitable for the low cost of monitor, optimizer is just needed as industry.
Summary of the invention
The problems such as big, at high cost for the loss of existing photovoltaic module grade product low-voltage output scheme, and poor for applicability, this
Invention provides a kind of low voltage output circuit and application, and the loss of the low voltage output circuit is small, at low cost and applicability
By force.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
On the one hand, the present invention provides a kind of low voltage output circuit, comprising:
Buck topological circuit, for exporting the voltage of buck topology；
Winding circuit is coupled, the coupling winding circuit connects the buck topological circuit output by coupling winding coupled
Inductance, for the alternating voltage of coupling winding output to be rectified and filtered；
Voltage regulator circuit, the voltage regulator circuit couples winding circuit parallel connection with described, for the output to coupling winding circuit
Voltage carries out further stability maintenance；
Voltage follower circuit is connected with the voltage regulator circuit, for maintain the voltage regulator circuit part output end it is defeated
Voltage is constant out, while increasing the output electric current of the part output end of the voltage regulator circuit；
Switching circuit, the part output end for controlling the voltage follower circuit export low-voltage, or control low-voltage
The direct output HIGH voltage of the input of output circuit.
In low voltage output circuit, by coupling winding for the output voltage transformation of buck topological circuit to coupling winding
In circuit, coupling winding circuit with to coupling winding coupled to wavy alternating voltage rectified and filtered it is relatively flat to export
Steady voltage since this is poor compared with steady voltage regulation, and is unsatisfactory for practical application needs, introduces voltage regulator circuit to relatively steady electricity
Pressure progress is further steady, approaches absolute stable DC voltage with output, since the electric current of the output in voltage regulator circuit is small,
It is re-introduced into the low current that voltage follower circuit improves voltage regulator circuit output, to export the low-voltage and high current of meet demand.
Wherein, the buck topological circuit includes:
Buck topology accessory power supply switch sections, the positive and negative anodes of input terminal directly with low voltage output circuit input terminal
Positive and negative anodes connection；
Outputting inductance, be connected to buck topology accessory power supply switch sections output head anode and filter capacitor anode it
Between；
First filter capacitor, anode connect one end of the outputting inductance, and cathode connects the buck topology auxiliary electricity
Source switch part negative pole of output end.
Specifically, the coupling winding circuit includes:
Winding is coupled, is coupled on outputting inductance, forms coupling inductance with outputting inductance；
Diode, anode are connect with the Same Name of Ends of the coupling winding；
First load resistance, anode connect the cathode of the diode, and cathode connects the different name end of the coupling winding；
It is defeated to be connected to low voltage output circuit after anode connects the first load resistance anode for second filter capacitor
Outlet anode, cathode connect the different name end of the coupling winding.
In coupling winding circuit, coupling inductance, diode, the first load resistance and the second filter capacitor form one
Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit mainly by the AC rectification of the coupling winding output of coupling inductance at direct current, while filtering out alternating current
Upheaval, to obtain the direct current of smooth steady.
Although the output for coupling winding circuit has been more stable direct current, because voltage regulation factor is poor, that is, become
It is big to change range, output voltage requirement is not able to satisfy, therefore, in the second both ends of filter capacitor shunt regulating circuit to realize stability maintenance
Voltage and acquisition lower voltage.
Specifically, the voltage regulator circuit includes:
Controllable accurate source of stable pressure is connected to the anode of second filter capacitor, anode warp after connecting with reference to pole with cathode
First current-limiting resistance is connected to the cathode of the second filter capacitor；
First current-limiting resistance, anode connect the anode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure, cathode connection second filtering
The cathode of capacitor；
First divider resistance, the second divider resistance are connected to the controllable accurate source of stable pressure after two divider resistance series connection
Cathode and anode both ends.
In voltage regulator circuit, under the action of controllable accurate source of stable pressure, controllable accurate source of stable pressure provides non-for bleeder circuit
Normal steady dc voltage.The resistance value of first current-limiting resistance in several hundred Europe to several kilo-ohms, and the first divider resistance and second partial pressure
The resistance value of resistance is at tens kilo-ohms, although the both ends of the first divider resistance and the second divider resistance can export the low of meet demand
Voltage, since the resistance value of divider resistance is very big, the corresponding electric current of the low-voltage of output is very low, is unsatisfactory for output current requirements, because
This connects voltage follower circuit in the output end of voltage regulator circuit for the low current for improving output to realize the amplification to low current.
Specifically, the voltage follower circuit includes:
Operational amplifier, non-inverting input terminal are connected to the tie point of first divider resistance and the second divider resistance,
Output end is connected to its inverting input terminal through the second current-limiting resistance；
Second current-limiting resistance, anode connect the output end of the operational amplifier, and cathode connects the operational amplifier
Inverting input terminal；
Third filter capacitor, the output head anode of anode connection low voltage output circuit, cathode connection second limit
The cathode of leakage resistance, the both ends of third filter capacitor are low-voltage output.
In voltage follower circuit, the Current amplifier to the output end of the first divider resistance is realized by operational amplifier,
It is introduced into the alternating component adulterated in the electric current that third filter capacitor further eliminates amplification in operational amplifier simultaneously, so that third
The both ends of filter capacitor are all satisfied requirement as low-voltage output end output voltage and electric current.
In another embodiment, the voltage follower circuit includes: the first transistor, base stage connection described the
The tie point of one divider resistance and the second divider resistance, collector connect the cathode of first current-limiting resistance, emitter and
The anode of first divider resistance is connected after the emitter connection of two-transistor through first resistor；
Second transistor, base stage connect third transistor emitter after through 3rd resistor connection first resistor just
Pole, collector connect the collector of the first transistor, the emitter of emitter and the first transistor through second resistance
The anode of first divider resistance is connected after connection through first resistor；
Third transistor, base stage connect the collector of the second transistor, and emitter connects the second transistor
Base stage after through 3rd resistor connection first resistor anode, collector connect second resistance cathode；
First resistor, anode connect the anode of first divider resistance, and cathode connects the first transistor simultaneously
With the emitter of the second transistor；
Second resistance, anode connect the collector of the second transistor and the base stage of the third transistor simultaneously,
Cathode connects the collector of the first transistor；
3rd resistor, anode connect the anode of the first resistor, and cathode connects the base of the second transistor simultaneously
The emitter of pole and the third transistor；
Third filter capacitor, the output head anode of anode connection low voltage output circuit, cathode connect described the simultaneously
The cathode of the base stage of two-transistor, the emitter of the third transistor and the 3rd resistor, the two of third filter capacitor
End is low-voltage output；
Wherein, first resistor, second resistance and 3rd resistor play the role of current limliting, partial pressure and as loads.
In the voltage follower circuit, low current is put by the cooperation realization of three transistors and three resistance
Greatly, can reach using the same amplification effect of operational amplifier.
Specifically, the switching circuit includes:
MCU is exported by the first filter capacitor and is powered, the first control letter of output control first switch tube drive circuit works
Number and control second switch drive circuit works second control signal；
First switch tube drive circuit, receives the first control signal of MCU, and sends out corresponding driving to first switch
Pipe, opening/ending for control first switch tube is triggered by the first control signal；
First switch tube, source electrode connect the input cathode of low voltage output circuit, drain electrode connection low-voltage output electricity
The negative pole of output end on road, grid connect the first switch tube drive circuit, by the control of the first switch tube drive circuit,
Realization is opened/is ended, the direct output HIGH voltage of the input to control low voltage output circuit；
Second switch tube drive circuit, receives the second control signal of MCU, and sends out corresponding driving to second switch
Pipe is triggered opening/ending for control second switch by the second control signal；
Second switch, source electrode connect the cathode of the third filter capacitor, drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit
Negative pole of output end, grid connect the second switch tube drive circuit, by the control of the second switch tube drive circuit, realize
It opens/ends, export low-voltage to control the both ends of the third filter capacitor.
The output end of above-mentioned low voltage output circuit is exported based on the output head anode of low voltage output circuit
The high potential at end is constant, controls turning on and off for first switch tube and second switch, adjust output voltage directly export compared with
The voltage of high input voltage or lower third filter capacitor.
On the basis of above-mentioned low voltage output circuit, in the low voltage output circuit that another embodiment provides
In:
The anode of first current-limiting resistance connects the anode of second filter capacitor, and cathode connects described controllable simultaneously
The reference pole of precision voltage regulator and cathode；
The anode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure is directly connected to the cathode of second filter capacitor；
The anode of the third filter capacitor connects the cathode of second current-limiting resistance, and cathode connects low-voltage output electricity
Road negative pole of output end；
The input anode of the drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit of the first switch tube, source electrode connect low-voltage output
The output head anode of circuit；
The output head anode of the drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit of the second switch.
In the low voltage output circuit, the cathode of the third filter capacitor is connected to the output end of low voltage output circuit
Cathode, for output end based on the negative pole of output end of low voltage output circuit, i.e. the low potential of output end is constant, and control first is opened
Pass pipe is turned on and off with second switch, is adjusted output voltage and is directly exported higher input voltage or lower third
The voltage of filter capacitor.
Preferably, when the first switch tube is connected to the negative pole of output end of low voltage output circuit, the second switch
When the negative pole of output end of the drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit of pipe, the first switch tube is the N-type with diodes in parallel
Metal-oxide-semiconductor, the second switch are with the antiparallel p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor of diode；
When the first switch tube is connected to the output head anode of low voltage output circuit, the drain electrode of the second switch
When connecting the output head anode of low voltage output circuit, the first switch tube and the second switch are with diode
N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor in parallel.
In application, first switch tube is open-minded under normal condition, and second switch cut-off, low voltage output circuit output end
The high voltage of direct output input, when needing low-voltage, first switch tube cut-off, second switch is open-minded, and low-voltage is defeated
The third both ends of filter capacitor of circuit exports low-voltage out.
Still further aspect, the present invention provides a kind of above-mentioned low voltage output circuits in photovoltaic module grade product, control
The application that photovoltaic module output low-voltage processed is used by oneself for photovoltaic module grade product.
Wherein, photovoltaic module grade product can be switching off device (only component level turn-off function), and it is (same to be also possible to monitor
When have component level shutdown and data monitoring function), be also possible to optimizer (while have component level shutdown, data monitoring and
Power optimization function).
Compared with prior art, above-mentioned low voltage output circuit has the beneficial effect that
(1) using the former existing inductive coupling of topology, framework is simple, and required component number is few, at low cost；
(2) it is isolated with original circuit (coupling inductance), both can be with output+formation relative low voltage, it can also be with output-
Form opposite low-voltage；Main switch is not only suitable in the framework of anode, is also applied for main switch in the framework of negative terminal, using side
Formula is flexible；
(3) precise voltage is formed using controllable accurate source of stable pressure, output voltage can be adjusted flexibly using electric resistance partial pressure
Value；
(4) using voltage follower circuit under the premise of maintenance voltage output valve is constant, current output capability is improved.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art, can be with root under the premise of not making the creative labor
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the low voltage output circuit for the photovoltaic module grade product that embodiment 1 provides；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the low voltage output circuit for the photovoltaic module grade product that embodiment 2 provides；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the low voltage output circuit for the photovoltaic module grade product that embodiment 3 provides.
Specific embodiment
To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments to this
Invention is described in further detail.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention,
And the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited.
It is big, at high cost and poor for applicability to solve existing existing photovoltaic module grade product low-voltage output scheme loss
The problems such as, following embodiment of the invention provides a kind of low voltage output circuit of photovoltaic module grade product.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the low voltage output circuit for the photovoltaic module grade product that embodiment 1 provides includes buck topology electricity
Road, the coupling winding circuit coupled with the outputting inductance of buck topological circuit, with the voltage regulator circuit that couples winding circuit parallel connection, with
The switch electricity of the concatenated voltage follower circuit of the voltage regulator circuit and control low voltage output circuit output low pressure or high pressure
Road.
Specifically, buck topological circuit includes buck topology accessory power supply switch sections, outputting inductance L1, output capacitance C1,
Wherein, the positive and negative anodes of the input terminal of buck topology accessory power supply are connected respectively to the positive and negative of the input terminal of low voltage output circuit
Pole；Outputting inductance L1It is connected to the output head anode of buck topology accessory power supply switch sections；Output capacitance C1Anode connection it is defeated
Inductance L out1One end, cathode connect buck topology accessory power supply switch sections negative pole of output end, outputting inductance L1With output electricity
Hold C1Play filtering to the output voltage of buck topology accessory power supply.
Coupling winding circuit includes increasing in outputting inductance L1On coupling winding, diode D1, load resistance R1, filtering
Capacitor C2, wherein outputting inductance L1Coupling inductance L is formed with winding is coupled1, diode D1Anode connect coupling inductance L1Coupling
Close the Same Name of Ends of winding；Load resistance R1With filter capacitor C2After parallel connection, cathode connecting diode D1Cathode be connected to low electricity
The anode of the output end of voltage follower circuit, cathode are connected to coupling inductance L1Coupling winding different name end；Buck accessory power supply
Output voltage is Vbuck(such as 3.3V), coupling inductance L1Primary winding with couple winding the turn ratio be N1:N2, then filter capacitor C2Two
The voltage V at end1For Vbuck*N2/N1, but this voltage range is bigger, and regulation is poor, is unsatisfactory for the output demand of low-voltage.
Voltage regulator circuit includes controllable accurate source of stable pressure U1(such as SE432L), current-limiting resistance R2, divider resistance R3, partial pressure electricity
Hinder R4, wherein controllable accurate source of stable pressure U1The end Ref and the end Cathode be connected to filter capacitor C2Anode, the end Anode passes through limit
Leakage resistance R2It is connected to filtering C2Cathode, such controllable accurate source of stable pressure U1The both ends Cathode and Anode formed one it is accurate
Voltage, voltage value U1Vref；Divider resistance R3With divider resistance R4It is composed in series bleeder circuit, is parallel to controllable accurate pressure stabilizing
Source U1The both ends Cathode and Anode, wherein divider resistance R3Output with low voltage output circuit+be connected directly, is dividing
Resistance R3Upper partial pressure obtains the low voltage value V for needing to exportout2, Vout2=Vref*R3/(R3+R4)。
Voltage follower circuit includes operational amplifier U2, current-limiting resistance R5, filter capacitor C3, it is mainly used for improving output electricity
Stream ability, wherein operational amplifier U2Non-inverting input terminal be directly connected to divider resistance R3With divider resistance R4Tie point, it is defeated
Outlet passes through current-limiting resistance R5It is connected to operational amplifier U2Inverting input terminal；Filter capacitor is connected to operational amplifier U2Reverse phase
The output of input terminal and low voltage output circuit+between.
Switching circuit includes MCU, N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1、Q1Driving circuit, p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2、Q2Driving circuit, wherein MCU by
The power supply of buck accessory power supply, MCU output control Q1The first control signal and control Q of drive circuit works2Drive circuit works
Second control signal；N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1Source electrode connection low voltage output circuit input terminal-, drain electrode connection low-voltage output electricity
The output end-on road, grid connect Q1Driving circuit, by Q1The control of driving circuit, realization is opened/is ended, defeated to control low-voltage
The direct output HIGH voltage of the input of circuit out；P-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2Source electrode connect filter capacitor C3Cathode, drain electrode connection low-voltage
The output-of output circuit, grid connect the Q2Driving circuit, by Q2The control of driving circuit, realization are opened/are ended, with control
Filter capacitor C3Both ends export low-voltage.
In application, under normal condition, N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1It is open-minded, p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2Cut-off, low voltage output circuit output end are straight
The high voltage for connecing output input, when needing low-voltage, N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1Cut-off, p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2It is open-minded, low-voltage output electricity
The filter capacitor C on road3Both ends export low-voltage.
What the low voltage output circuit that embodiment 1 provides used is the small component of loss, so that entire low-voltage is defeated
Circuit has many advantages, such as that small, at low cost, strong applicability is lost out.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 2 is the low voltage output circuit that embodiment 2 provides, as can be seen from Figure 2, the low electricity that embodiment 2 provides
Voltage follower circuit is essentially identical with embodiment 1, unlike, follow circuit to become by three resistance, three crystal power supply
The circuit of pipe and filter capacitor composition.Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, it includes transistor Q that power supply, which follows circuit,3, transistor Q4, it is brilliant
Body pipe Q5, resistance R5', resistance R6, resistance R7, filter capacitor C3, wherein transistor Q3Base stage connect divider resistance R3And partial pressure
Resistance R4Tie point, collector connect current-limiting resistance R2Cathode, emitter connect transistor Q4Emitter after through resistance
R5' it is connected to divider resistance R3Anode；Transistor Q4Collector through resistance R6Connect transistor Q3Collector, base stage connection
Transistor Q5Emitter after through resistance R7Connect resistance R5' anode；Transistor Q5Base stage connect transistor Q4Collector,
Collector connects resistance R6Cathode；Filter capacitor C3Anode connection low voltage output circuit output+, cathode connect resistance R7
Cathode, above-mentioned resistance R5', resistance R6, resistance R7Play the role of current limliting, partial pressure and as load.
In the voltage follower circuit that embodiment 2 provides, pass through transistor Q3, transistor Q4, transistor Q5And resistance
R5', resistance R6, resistance R7Cooperation realize amplification to low current, can reach and similarly amplify effect using operational amplifier
Fruit.
Equally, what the low voltage output circuit that embodiment 2 provides used is the small component of loss, so that entire low electricity
Voltage follower circuit has many advantages, such as that small, at low cost, strong applicability is lost.
Embodiment 3
Shown in Fig. 3 is the low voltage output circuit that embodiment 3 provides, as can be seen from Figure 3, the low-voltage that embodiment 3 provides
Output circuit is substantially the same manner as Example 1, the difference is that by switching tube Q1Set on low voltage output circuit output end+, accordingly
Some components make the modification of corresponding position.Specifically, in the low voltage output circuit that embodiment 3 provides, current-limiting resistance
R2Anode connection filter capacitor C2Anode, cathode connects controllable accurate source of stable pressure U simultaneously1Reference pole and cathode；Controllable essence
Close source of stable pressure U1Anode be directly connected to filter capacitor C2Cathode；Filter capacitor C3Anode connection current-limiting resistance R5Cathode,
Cathode connects low voltage output circuit output-；N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1Drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit input+, source electrode connect
Connect the output of low voltage output circuit+；N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2' drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit output+, source electrode connects simultaneously
Meet current-limiting resistance R5Cathode and operational amplifier U2Reverse input end, grid connect Q2Driving circuit.
In the low voltage output circuit, the cathode of filter capacitor is connected to the output-of low voltage output circuit, output end with
Based on the output-of low voltage output circuit, i.e. the low potential of output end is constant, controls N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1With N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2'
It turns on and off, makes the direct output-input voltage of output end or output Vout2.
Equally, what the low voltage output circuit that embodiment 3 provides used is the small component of loss, so that entire low electricity
Voltage follower circuit has many advantages, such as that small, at low cost, strong applicability is lost.
Embodiment 4
The low voltage output circuit that embodiment 4 provides is substantially the same manner as Example 2, the difference is that the offer of embodiment 4 is low
In voltage follower circuit, switching tube Q1Set on low voltage output circuit output end+, corresponding current-limiting resistance R2, controllable accurate it is steady
Potential source U1, filter capacitor C2Corresponding position modification is made, specifically mode is modified and embodiment 3 is identical.
In the low voltage output circuit, the cathode of filter capacitor is connected to the output-of low voltage output circuit, output end with
Based on the output-of low voltage output circuit, i.e. the low potential of output end is constant, controls N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q1With N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2'
It turns on and off, makes the direct output-input voltage of output end or output Vout2.
Equally, what the low voltage output circuit that embodiment 4 provides used is the small component of loss, so that entire low electricity
Voltage follower circuit has many advantages, such as that small, at low cost, strong applicability is lost.
In above-described embodiment 1~4, the accessory power supply output voltage V of buck topologybuckFor 3.3V, buck inductance L1Primary winding
It is N with the turn ratio for coupling winding1:N2, such as practical is 1:2, then theoretically C2The voltage V at both ends1It should be 6.6V, consider real
Border regulation is poor, voltage V1Variation range is larger, can suitably increase the turn ratio, improves voltage V1Voltage value, utilize load electricity
Hinder R1The load of formation avoids voltage V1Virtual height；Controllable accurate source of stable pressure U1SE432L can be selected, then its VrefFor 2.5V, divide
Piezoresistance R3: divider resistance R4For 2:3, then R is divided3The voltage got is 1V, and low-voltage output 1V under off state is easy to true
Recognize the component count connected in system group string, and judges to connect whether correct, operational amplifier U2MCP6001, p-type can be selected
DMP10H4D2S can be selected in metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2；Transistor Q3, transistor Q4, transistor Q5Q2N4002 can be selected；N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor Q2' can
Select BSS123WQ；STM32F030F4P6 can be selected in MCU.
Application examples
The low voltage output circuit that 1~embodiment of above-described embodiment 4 provides can be applied in photovoltaic module grade product,
Such as photovoltaic switching off device, photovoltaic monitor and photovoltaic optimizer.
In photovoltaic system, security risk is caused in order to control the high voltage of photovoltaic module output, is needed in photovoltaic module
Output end connection control photovoltaic module output on/off photovoltaic turn off equipment, above-mentioned low voltage output circuit is applied in light
In volt shutdown equipment, when the output of photovoltaic module is cut off, moreover it is possible to control photovoltaic module output low-voltage (standby voltage)
Certain applications can be the controller power supply in group string, to guarantee that it can be restored to normal condition from off state.
In use, the buck topological circuit in low voltage output circuit is the original buck topology of photovoltaic shutdown equipment
Circuit, coupling winding circuit passes through the coupling of coupling winding and buck topological circuit outputting inductance, by buck topology accessory power supply
Output voltage is coupled in coupling winding circuit, realizes that buck topology is auxiliary using coupling winding and the transformer that outputting inductance is constituted
Help the transformation of electric power output voltage, recycle voltage regulator circuit and voltage follower circuit realize decompression to coupled voltages, pressure stabilizing with
And amplification current processing, obtain the demand for meeting the low-voltage of electrical equipment.
Technical solution of the present invention and beneficial effect is described in detail in above-described specific embodiment, Ying Li
Solution is not intended to restrict the invention the foregoing is merely presently most preferred embodiment of the invention, all in principle model of the invention
Interior done any modification, supplementary, and equivalent replacement etc. are enclosed, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of low voltage output circuit characterized by comprising
Buck topological circuit, for exporting the voltage of buck topology accessory power supply；
Winding circuit is coupled, the coupling winding circuit connects the buck topological circuit output electricity by coupling winding coupled
Sense, for the alternating voltage of coupling winding output to be rectified and filtered；
Voltage regulator circuit, the voltage regulator circuit couples winding circuit parallel connection with described, for the output voltage to coupling winding circuit
Carry out further stability maintenance；
Voltage follower circuit is connected with the voltage regulator circuit, the output electricity of the part output end for maintaining the voltage regulator circuit
Press output electric current that is constant, while increasing the part output end of the voltage regulator circuit；
Switching circuit, the part output end for controlling the voltage follower circuit export low-voltage, or control low-voltage output
The direct output HIGH voltage of the input of circuit.
2. low voltage output circuit as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the buck topological circuit includes:
Buck topology accessory power supply switch sections, the positive and negative anodes of input terminal are directly positive and negative with low voltage output circuit input terminal
Pole connection；
Outputting inductance, be connected to buck topology accessory power supply switch sections output head anode and the first filter capacitor anode it
Between；
First filter capacitor, anode connect one end of the outputting inductance, and cathode connects the buck topology accessory power supply and opens
Close part negative pole of output end.
3. low voltage output circuit as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the coupling winding circuit includes:
Winding is coupled, is coupled on outputting inductance, forms coupling inductance with outputting inductance；
Diode, anode are connect with the Same Name of Ends of the coupling winding；
First load resistance, anode connect the cathode of the diode, and cathode connects the different name end of the coupling winding；
Second filter capacitor is connected to low voltage output circuit output end after anode connects the first load resistance anode
Anode, cathode connect the different name end of the coupling winding.
4. low voltage output circuit as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that the voltage regulator circuit includes:
Controllable accurate source of stable pressure is connected to the anode of second filter capacitor after connecting with reference to pole with cathode, anode is through first
Current-limiting resistance is connected to the cathode of the second filter capacitor；
First current-limiting resistance, anode connect the anode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure, and cathode connects second filter capacitor
Cathode；
First divider resistance, the second divider resistance are connected to the yin of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure after two divider resistance series connection
Pole and anode both ends.
5. low voltage output circuit as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the voltage follower circuit includes:
Operational amplifier, non-inverting input terminal are connected to the tie point of first divider resistance and the second divider resistance, output
End is connected to its inverting input terminal through the second current-limiting resistance；
Second current-limiting resistance, anode connect the output end of the operational amplifier, and cathode connects the anti-of the operational amplifier
Phase input terminal；
Third filter capacitor, the output head anode of anode connection low voltage output circuit, cathode connect the second current limliting electricity
The cathode of resistance, the both ends of third filter capacitor are low-voltage output.
6. low voltage output circuit as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the voltage follower circuit includes:
The first transistor, base stage connect the tie point of first divider resistance and the second divider resistance, and collector connects institute
The cathode of the first current-limiting resistance is stated, connects described first point through first resistor after the emitter connection of emitter and second transistor
The anode of piezoresistance；
Second transistor, base stage connect third transistor emitter after through 3rd resistor connection first resistor anode, collection
Electrode connects the collector of the first transistor through second resistance, after emitter is connect with the emitter of the first transistor
The anode of first divider resistance is connected through first resistor；
Third transistor, base stage connect the collector of the second transistor, and emitter connects the base of the second transistor
Anode extremely afterwards through 3rd resistor connection first resistor, collector connect the cathode of second resistance；
First resistor, anode connect the anode of first divider resistance, and cathode connects the first transistor and institute simultaneously
State the emitter of second transistor；
Second resistance, anode connect the collector of the second transistor and the base stage of the third transistor, cathode simultaneously
Connect the collector of the first transistor；
3rd resistor, anode connect the anode of the first resistor, cathode connect simultaneously the second transistor base stage and
The emitter of the third transistor；
Third filter capacitor, the output head anode of anode connection low voltage output circuit, it is brilliant that cathode connects described second simultaneously
The cathode of the base stage of body pipe, the emitter of the third transistor and the 3rd resistor, the both ends of third filter capacitor are
Low-voltage output；
Wherein, first resistor, second resistance and 3rd resistor play the role of current limliting, partial pressure and as loads.
7. such as low voltage output circuit described in claim 5 or 6, which is characterized in that the switching circuit includes:
MCU, by the first filter capacitor export power, output control first switch tube drive circuit works first control signal and
Control the second control signal of second switch drive circuit works；
First switch tube drive circuit, receives the first control signal of MCU, and sends out corresponding driving and arrive first switch tube, by
The triggering control first switch tube of the first control signal is opened/is ended；
First switch tube, source electrode connect the input cathode of low voltage output circuit, drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit
Negative pole of output end, grid connect the first switch tube drive circuit, by the control of the first switch tube drive circuit, realize
It opens/ends, the direct output HIGH voltage of the input to control low voltage output circuit；
Second switch tube drive circuit, receives the second control signal of MCU, and sends out corresponding driving and arrive second switch, by
The triggering control second switch of the second control signal is opened/is ended；
Second switch, source electrode connect the cathode of the third filter capacitor, the output of drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit
Cathode is held, grid connects the second switch tube drive circuit, and by the control of the second switch tube drive circuit, realization is opened
Logical/cut-off exports low-voltage to control the both ends of the third filter capacitor.
8. low voltage output circuit as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that in the low voltage output circuit:
The anode of first current-limiting resistance connects the anode of second filter capacitor, and cathode connects the controllable accurate simultaneously
The reference pole of source of stable pressure and cathode；
The anode of the controllable accurate source of stable pressure is directly connected to the cathode of second filter capacitor；
The anode of the third filter capacitor connects the cathode of second current-limiting resistance, and it is defeated that cathode connects low voltage output circuit
Outlet cathode；
The input anode of the drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit of the first switch tube, source electrode connect low voltage output circuit
Output head anode；
The output head anode of the drain electrode connection low voltage output circuit of the second switch.
9. low voltage output circuit as claimed in claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that
When the first switch tube is connected to the negative pole of output end of low voltage output circuit, the drain electrode connection of the second switch
When the negative pole of output end of low voltage output circuit, the first switch tube is the N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor with diodes in parallel, described the
Two switching tubes are with the antiparallel p-type metal-oxide-semiconductor of diode；
When the first switch tube is connected to the output head anode of low voltage output circuit, the drain electrode connection of the second switch
When the output head anode of low voltage output circuit, the first switch tube and the second switch are with diodes in parallel
N-type metal-oxide-semiconductor.
10. a kind of low voltage output circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 in photovoltaic module grade product, controls light
Lie prostrate the application that component output low-voltage is used by oneself for photovoltaic module grade product.
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| CN109120154B (en) | 2024-04-02 |
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