CN1091200C

CN1091200C - Excavating tooth

Info

Publication number: CN1091200C
Application number: CN94191076A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗伯特·K·艾姆里克; 拉恩·F·琼斯; 伊恩·Ｒ·宾厄姆
Original assignee: Esco Corp
Current assignee: Esco Corp
Priority date: 1993-02-02
Filing date: 1994-02-02
Publication date: 2002-09-18
Anticipated expiration: 2014-02-02
Also published as: AU690539B2; EP0681630B1; PT681630E; DK0681630T3; ES2157251T3; EP0681630A1; WO1994018401A1; CA2155012C; NZ262018A; AU5738098A; DE69427079T2; AU2856395A; GR3036134T3; CA2155012A1; AU6131994A; AU678907B2; BR9405678A; FI111746B; MY110537A; NO953035D0

Abstract

An excavating tooth (10) for use on a wide variety of excavating equipment is comprised of a point (12), an adapter (14) and a sandwich lock pin (16). The pin includes a rigid casing (54) and a plurality of independently depressible protrusions (58, 59). One of the protrusions (58) resiliently engages a face (22) defined on the nose of the adapter to tighten the connection of the point on the nose. One other of the protrusions (59) extends into an opening (50) defined by the point to secure the lock pin to the point. With respect to an external locking tooth, the opening (50) defined in the point includes a pair of bosses (155a, 155b) which define a reduced portion of the opening. The reduced portion matingly receives and holds the ends of the rigid casing of the pin. The independent locking of the pin and the mating receipt of the casing in the point opening reduces the likelihood of pin loss due to overloading of the elastomeric material, wearing of the components or jacking forces.

Description

Dig tooth

The present invention relates to be applicable to the tooth that digs on tooth, for example front end loader, backacter, dragline, grade ripper or the like of digging on the excavating gear that is contained in any kind of.

In mining industry and builing industry, most of excavating gears generally include the horizontal tooth that digs that is contained in the row of one on bucket lip spaced apart.These dig preceding the giving prominence to of teeth directional and bite and break into pieces the material that is housed in the bucket.Can expect that these dig tooth and work under high abrasive conditions, thereby wear and tear terribly.

In order to reduce because of changing the spillage of material that parts cause, these teeth are made two parts-a joint and a crown.This joint installs on (for example welding) bucket lip and comprises an outstanding forward plush copper.Have on this crown one be used for inserting this joint plush copper socket backward and comprise that a front portion digs sword.Crown roughly surrounds the joint plush copper, thereby the protection plush copper is not frayed.But crown must often be changed because of working under high abrasive conditions.Generally according to using to such an extent that be that severity may install to 5 to 30 crowns on the joint by needs in succession.Because the load and the impulse force that act on the crown are very big, so crown must firmly lock onto on the joint.But owing to crown is changed in the working site, so the mounting or dismounting of crown must be easily, although developed the lock of many types, they all comprise usually uses a lock pin.

In a kind of common structure, crown and joint plush copper all have a centre-lock hole.When each parts of assembling, align and can insert a lock pin in this two hole.In some cases, a rigidity lock pin and a flexible collar part are used.Using this clip spare that lock pin is fixed in this hole and crown is secured on the joint plush copper.Daiweideke's (Crawford) U.S. Patent No. 2,312,802 discloses a this example that digs tooth.In another kind of structure, can use a compound lock pin, and not use clip spare in addition.Compound lock pin generally comprises one for crown being fixed to the elastic portion that the rigid portion and that sufficient intensity is provided on the joint is guaranteed the lock pin location and tightly is connected each parts.The U.S. Patent No. 4,823,487th of Lu Binxun (Robinson), an example of this structure of proposition.

But there are some shortcomings in the tooth that digs of these structures.Centre bore on crown and the joint plush copper makes the intensity of digging tooth reduce.In addition, when crown was subjected to very big longitudinal load, this keeper of lock or high-elastic body were forced to accept to surpass the load of its supporting capacity.And when the joint plush copper was suffered the part wearing and tearing, this phenomenon can be aggravated again.The continuous overload of elastic component or periodically overload can cause the premature failure of this elastic component, clip or elastomeric inefficacy can cause lock pin and relatedly cause scrapping of crown.Crown is if scrap, and joint will damage rapidly, because this plush copper can't be born the condition of work of high wear.

Crown in use usually is subjected to jacking force or flutter power.Or rather, when firmly making crown dig ground, the resistance that other uneven thing etc. causes on the rock in the ground that it is subjected to, tree root, cement and the ground usually is continuous change.This change is particularly serious in front end loader, because it pushes ahead along ground, thereby is subjected to the extra vertical of bucket and laterally moves at when filling with substance, and in a word, this change of resistance can make crown be subjected to the effect of the power of quite big vertical stress component.And the load that acts on the crown usually can change direction with very fast speed, promptly makes progress, downward power acts on this crown repeatedly.When big live load, it is much that crown is subjected to 200,000 pounds the situation of upwards load.

Can see, act on the moment that normal load on the crown leading edge can cause that on crown effect one is big, thereby do not add prevention, crown is rotated and deviate from the joint plush copper.This moment also makes the supporting surface of plush copper be subjected to very big stress, thereby causes the distortion and the wearing and tearing of plush copper.And,, can see among Fig. 2 of 487 that the rear wall of the lockhole in the crown connects the rear portion of (or engagement) lock pin from U.S. Patent No. 4,823.When this moment forced crown to rotate, the power of a correspondence (power that promptly has vertical stress component) acted on the lock pin.Because the continuous veer of load in the jacking force, even therefore elastomer did not lose efficacy, even each not excessive wear of assembly, lock pin also may be free movable and eject from the hole, although Davis's (Davis) U.S. Patent No. 4, the unique texture of the joint plush copper in 231,173 and the socket of crown has solved this problem to a certain extent, but is not can both address this problem in all cases satisfactoryly.

If lock pin passes the lateral aperture (promptly parallel with bucket lip) of one group of alignment and inserts, then can partly solve lock pin and eject problem.The tooth that digs of this structure is called side-latch and digs tooth.The U.S. Patent No. 2,669,153 of Lang De (Launder) shows an example of this structure.Use this structure, the rotation of crown in vertical plane can not revolved afterburning effect along the axis of lock pin and be ejected lock pin.But very big horizontal jacking force may act on the crown, thereby passes on the lock pin along the lock pin axis.And because the spacing of crown on bucket be generally very little, the space that therefore can be used to insert or take out lock pin is very little.In the working site, lock pin uses pointed tool and the manual insertion of sledgehammer by the workman usually or takes out.Therefore, regular meeting meets difficulty when tooth is dug in replacing.Because above-mentioned shortcoming, the tooth that digs of this structure is called as " joint difficulty ".

In all these lock sets, crown can more move on the joint plush copper during the plush copper wearing and tearing.Therefore, the elastomer parts corresponding amount that must expand prevents that to keep tight fit lock pin lost efficacy, and in a single day the elastomer parts reach the maximum swelling amount, and lock pin will lose efficacy or eject.Therefore, in order to improve the life-span of each parts as far as possible, the lockhole in crown and the joint plush copper is no matter be vertical lockhole or horizontal lockhole, makes all generally first that both are very tight cooperation when inserting lock pin.And this tight fit causes and is difficult to insert or takes out lock pin.Cause increase downtime because of changing the crown difficulty, and more likely be that the workman can be disinclined in time to change crown.

Dig many shortcomings that tooth and side-latch are dug tooth in order to overcome centre-lock, people have developed the tooth that digs with outer lock fixed structure.The U.S. Patent No. 4,965,945 of Emrich (Emrich) shows the example that tooth is dug in very popular outside locking.Can see that from Fig. 3 of this patent crown has the lug of a pair of spaced apart in vertical direction, they are placed to the central flange on the joint plush copper side or the both sides of shoulder.One rigidity lock pin vertically inserts between this flange of crown two lugs and joint plush copper and each parts is connected together.The best curved structure of this lock pin, crooked slightly after the insertion (promptly curved straight) and hold out against the whole tooth assembly that digs.One transverse elasticity plug is used for making the in place and locking of this lock pin.This plug is made of a coil spring that wraps in the flexible foamed plastic.

This outer lock fixed structure need not to form the hole that enlarges in parts, thereby the firmer tooth that digs is provided.And horizontal elastic plug makes it exempt from the main power that affacts on the crown.Thereby avoided the overload of plug.But this lock pin and plug combination do not have the advantage of whole formula lock pin.

Hahn's U.S. Patent No. 5,152, the another kind shown in 088 use the outer lock fixed structure of interlayer lock pin also to obtain use.In this structure, the joint plush copper has a vertical channels to be used for inserting lock pin along one of its two sides.Crown comprises the tab and a direction inwards the lug that backward stretch relative with this conduit.Lock pin comprises that the rigidity front and back and that is used for resisting the main load that is added on the crown has the elastomer that a pair of horizontal lock is pulled, and this is pulled to lock and can insert in the dimple that is formed in joint plush copper and this tab.Although this structure utmost point is applicable to small size and digs tooth, is not all to be suitable under its all situations.

The present invention relates to a kind ofly dig tooth by what a crown, a joint and an interlayer lock pin constituted, its structure still belongs to unknown in the prior art.The present invention digs tooth and causes lock pin to lose efficacy because of the elastomer overload of lock pin, the effect of jacking force or the wearing and tearing of joint plush copper not too easily.And this crown can be changed easily in the working site.

According to one aspect of the present invention, one digs tooth is made of a joint, a crown and an interlayer lock pin.This joint comprises an outstanding forward plush copper and one and the opening that links of this plush copper.But this crown comprises a front portion and is set to the socket and one and the joint register, be used for inserting first opening of interlayer lock pin on the joint plush copper with digging sword, an interworking.First opening of crown nearby also has second opening.Lock pin is made of a stiff case and the compressible projection of some independence.One of projection tightly is connected on the plush copper crown with a part of Elastic Meshing of joint plush copper.At least another projection stretches in second opening of crown and lock pin firmly is locked on the crown.Because each projection works alone, therefore reduced lock pin because the possibility of losing takes place for the effect of elastic material overload, jacking force or the wearing and tearing of joint plush copper.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the interlayer lock pin comprises a stiff case and some elastomer spares.One of elastomer spare constitutes first projection, its engagement or tightly make crown tightly install to plush copper 2 against the part of joint plush copper.At least another body spare constitutes second projection, and it locks onto lock pin on the crown, and this locking high resiliency is and loads the separate part that separates with elastomer that it is subjected to the protection of stiff case and exempts from the effect that affacts the main power on the crown.Because this locking is isolated with elastomer and load forces, therefore can not transship.Thereby in fact lock pin can not scrapped because of elastomer spare loses efficacy.The elastomeric use of independent locking has also reduced the possibility that lock pin ejects under the jacking force effect.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the stiff case of lock pin inserts ordinatedly and is held at least a portion of the lock pin opening that forms on crown, and like this, crown is the clamping lock pin independently, and irrelevant with the lengthwise position of crown on the joint plush copper.This independent clamping of lock pin makes lock pin work as crown and constantly moves with crown during spring under the jacking force effect.Because lock pin moves along with crown is whole, has therefore in fact eliminated crown and has originally made lock eject the thrust that is acted on from this opening.Therefore, lock pin substantially can be avoided because jacking force effect or the wearing and tearing of joint plush copper were lost efficacy, because lock pin is by the crown clamping, so also can use the toothing that digs of " more loose ".In other words, because lock pin is by the crown clamping, so lock pin need not to insert in the very tight crown assembly.Thereby lock pin opening of the present invention can be made minimum clearance, thereby can knock in lock pin at the scene easily.

In U.S. Patent No. 4,823, dig in the tooth shown in Fig. 5 of 487-8, in the groove in the lock pin insertion crown.Can see that from Fig. 8 this groove comprises the shoulder of equipped this lock pin.But, can find at a glance that carefully this structure can't work at all, or rather, after inserting lock pin, it is driven in each aligned openings vertically downward, as can be seen from Fig. 5, it is wideer than its two ends that this lock pin is positioned at the stage casing at shoulder rear.The lock pin two ends are fitted in that (as shown in Figure 8) will make wide section of this centre can't pass through same opening in the opening of crown, and therefore, this patent can't be used in this.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the crown that tooth is dug in outside locking comprises the lug of spaced apart on vertical at a pair of main body rear that is positioned at this crown, and these lugs are connected on this main body from the ear that one of tooth point side walls is stretched out by one.This ear is connected on the tooth point side walls with the big radian changeover portion at ear top and place, bottom, and the importance of this big radian shape is and can keeps the stress intensity of this junction within the acceptable range.In addition, the common formation one of crown main body, ear and lug is for the opening of lock pin insertion.For ease of lock pin is inserted in the crown opening ordinatedly, each lug all has a backstop on the other side.But, the existence of this backstop make contiguous ear top and place, bottom palpiform become one than require sharper be positioned at ear and this main body to the turning.Locating the desired sharper camber of this backstop in ear top and bottom will make stress on the crown greater than permissible value under heavy duty, for this lock pin is clamped in backstop in this opening and stagger in the top and the bottom of ear, thereby make crown both have big radian transition structure, have the backstop of required form again.

According to another aspect of the present invention, an interlayer lock pin comprises an arm, and it is outstanding backward and extend between two lugs and the joint plush copper when digging in the tooth in the outside locking of packing into of this lock pin.This arm is used for stablizing the direction of lock pin, prevents that lock pin from unnecessary rotation taking place in the lock pin opening.This arm also can prevent the mistake insertion of lock pin when tooth is dug in assembling.

According to another aspect of the present invention, crown has an opening that supplies a lock pin to pack into.This crown also has some dimples along this opening, is used for admitting the lock that is inserted in lock pin in this opening to pull.This a plurality of independently latch-up structures between lock pin and the crown form a kind of firm locked component, thereby have reduced the possibility that lock pin is deviate from or lost efficacy from the lock pin opening.

According to another aspect of the present invention, this lock pin has a high resiliency single-piece, and it forms the compressible projection of a pair of independence with stiff case with cooperating of uniqueness.This elastomer spare comprise one and the front projection and that connects of a surface of joint plush copper be inserted in a pair of wall of crown or the rear projection in the gap between the lug, this front projection tightly is connected on the joint plush copper crown, and this rear projection is locked in lock pin on the crown.The independent compressibility of this rear projection causes a kind of firm lock function, thereby reduced the possibility that the lock pin accident is deviate from, it makes rear projection and front projection be separated again, thereby when reducing heavy load to the effect of lock pin, and more securely the lock pin housing is inserted in the lock pin opening of crown, thereby even when being assembled on the wearing and tearing or the joint plush copper of loose fit, lock pin also can firmly lock onto lock pin on the crown.

Fig. 1 digs part, the decomposition diagram of tooth for the outside locking of one embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 2 digs the partial top view of the crown of tooth for this;

Fig. 3 is for to cut open the sectional drawing of getting along 3-3 line among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 digs the vertical view of the joint plush copper of tooth for this;

Fig. 5 is the lateral view of this joint plush copper;

Fig. 6 digs the lateral view of the lock pin of tooth for this;

Fig. 7 is the partial elevation view of this lock pin;

Fig. 8 is along cuing open the sectional drawing of getting along the 8-8 line among Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is along cuing open the sectional drawing of getting along the 9-9 line among Fig. 6;

Figure 10 is along cuing open the sectional drawing of getting along the 10-10 line among Fig. 6;

Figure 11 is the decomposition side view of this lock pin;

Figure 12 is the partial top view of digging tooth that assembles;

Figure 13 is for cuing open the sectional drawing of getting along the 13-13 line among Figure 12, and the expression lock pin is packed into and dug initial step in the tooth process;

Figure 14 is for cuing open the sectional drawing of getting along the 13-13 line among Figure 12, and the expression lock pin is packed into and dug intermediate steps in the tooth process;

Figure 15 cuts open the sectional drawing of getting among Figure 12 along the 13-13 line, represents the tooth that digs that assembles;

Figure 16 digs part, the decomposition diagram of tooth for the centre-lock of second embodiment of the invention;

Figure 17 is the crown of second embodiment and the part of joint plush copper, decomposition plan view;

Figure 18 is the crown of second embodiment and part, the decomposition side view of joint plush copper;

Figure 19 cuts open the partial sectional view of getting that digs tooth that assembles among Figure 17 along the 19-19 line;

Figure 20 is the vertical view of the lock pin of second embodiment;

Figure 21 is part, the decomposition diagram of third embodiment of the invention;

Figure 22 for fourth embodiment of the invention dig tooth in Figure 12 along cuing open the sectional drawing of getting on the 13-13 line position;

Figure 23 is the lateral view of the lock pin of the 4th embodiment;

Figure 24 cuts open the sectional drawing of getting among Figure 23 along the 24-24 line;

Figure 25 cuts open the sectional drawing of getting among Figure 23 along the 25-25 line;

Figure 26 for fifth embodiment of the invention dig tooth in Figure 12 along cuing open the part sectioned view of getting on the 13-13 line position;

Figure 27 is the lateral view of the lock pin of the 5th embodiment;

Figure 28 cuts open the sectional drawing of getting among Figure 27 along the 28-28 line;

Figure 29 cuts open the sectional drawing of getting among Figure 27 along the 29-29 line;

Figure 30 for sixth embodiment of the invention in Figure 18 along cuing open the part sectioned view of getting on the 19-19 line position.

The present invention relates to one and dig tooth, it is made of a crown, a joint and a sandwich-type lock pin.This digs the excavating equipment that is used for all operations that tooth can be connected to any kind of, can expect, the operation of this equipment will make originally digs tooth and be in many different directions.But for the purpose of explanation, only dig each parts of tooth sometimes with relative direction explanation up and down and so on.Unless add explanation in addition, be interpreted as with respect to the orientation of digging tooth as Fig. 1 and direction shown in Figure 16.

In one embodiment of the present invention (Fig. 1-15), one digs tooth 10 comprises a crown 12, a joint 14 and a sandwich lock pin 16.Dig tooth 10 and preferably have the similar outside closedown structure that is proposed with the U.S. Patent No. 4,965,945 of liking nurse Ritchie (Em-rich), this patent comprises in this manual as the reference data.But this structure also can have change.

Joint 14 comprises a plush copper 18 (Fig. 1 and 4-5) that can install to the handle (not shown) on the bucket (not shown) leading edge and stretch out forward from this leading edge.Plush copper 18 is preferably made the identical helical structure that proposes the earliest in the U.S. Patent No. 4,335,532 with people such as Hahn, and this patent also comprises in this manual as the reference data.But helical structure is not main for purposes of the invention.One side along the plush copper 18 of joint forms a vertical cotter way 20.Cotter way 20 is limited by lug or shoulder 22, a sidewall 24 and a rear wall 26 of a backward-facing.Sidewall and

rear wall

24,26 preferably meet at together with an arc-shaped transition section.The size of this cotter way become with shaped design to pack into lug 28a, the 28b (Fig. 1 and 12) of lock pin 16 and crown 12.

Crown 12 is generally wedge structure, and it comprises an anterior sword 30 and the main body 32 excavated, and this main body 32 comprises a socket 42 (Fig. 1-3) for 18 insertions of joint plush copper.Main body 32 is limited by roof 34, diapire 35, pair of

sidewalls

36,37 and rear wall 38.Socket 42 on the rear wall 38 inserts with working in coordination and crown 12 is installed on the joint 14 for joint plush copper 18 to after-opening.Be positioned at rear wall 38 rears a pair of on vertical lug 28a, the 28b of spaced apart can match with lock pin 16 and cotter way 20 and this is dug tooth assembly lock together, lug 28a, 28b link to each other with main body 32 from the ear 44 that sidewall 36 stretches out by one.Second couple of lug 28c, 28d with spline structure can be arranged on the another side of crown, and tooth is turning to be come to use and prolongs its application life thereby dig.Lug 28a, 28b are to be approximated to outstanding inwards squarely with ear 44.

In the use, plush copper 18 is injected in the socket 42, crown 12 promptly installs to (Fig. 1 and 12-15) on the joint plush copper 18.Lug 28a, 28b are loaded in the top and bottom that is contained in cotter way 20.Lug 22 generally perpendicularly extends between lug 28a, the 28b.Lug 28a, 28b, ear 44, rear wall 38 and locked groove 20 limit one jointly for lock pin 16 whole lockpin holes 50 that insert wherein.Therefore, can vertically drive in the lockpin hole 50 or therefrom pound out, thereby lock onto crown 12 on the joint plush copper 18 or unload from it lock pin 16.

Lock pin 16 constitutes (Fig. 6-11) by a stiff case 54 and a pair of elastomer (part) 56,57.Elastomer spare 56,57 inserts respectively and is clamped in the

groove

60,61 at housing 54 middle parts and top.Elastomer 56 cooperates with a rigid slab 125 and constitutes first projection 58, and this projection 58 flexibly tightly is connected on this plush copper crown 12 with lug 22 engagements of joint plush copper 18.Elastomer 57 and a rigidity are inserted to pull and 142 are cooperated and constitute second projection 59, in this projection 59 insertions one dimple 151 (among Figure 15) that is formed on the crown, thereby lock pin are locked on this crown.Elastomer 57 is and loads the separate piece of separating with elastomer, and is irrelevant with the load and the wearing and tearing of elastomer 56 thereby independence is compressible.

Housing 54 (Fig. 6-11) is an elongated rigid member of preferably being made by metal material.Housing 54 is preferably curved slightly, although also can use straight lock pin, uses the benefit of arc lock pin to be to revise ready-made crown easily, makes it can insert lock pin 16, and the shape of housing 54 is made its

rear wall

64,65 indents, and antetheca 67 evaginations.The indent camber of rear wall 64 is made consistent with inner surface 48a, the 48b of the arc of lug 28a, 28b.

Housing 54 generally comprises a main paragraph 70 and an arm that stretches out backward 72.Arm 72 is along the whole length extending of lock pin 16 and preferably be hook-type; Although also can use other shape.Arm 72 is suitable for extending between the sidewall 24 of top 74a, the 74b of lug 28a, 28b and cotter way 20.Arm 72 comprises an end face 76 that connects with top 74a, 74b and one and the inner surface 77 that connects of sidewall 24.The effect of arm 72 is directions of stablizing lock pin 16, prevents that it from unnecessary rotation taking place.Arm 72 can prevent that also lock pin 16 from inserting in the cotter way 20 mistakenly when assembling.

At the bottom of lock pin 16 80 place's main paragraphs 70 (Fig. 6 and 10) generally in block form.One oblique section 82 is arranged on the antetheca 67 of this main paragraph, and conveniently to dig the assembling of tooth, this point is explained hereinafter.Bottom along

rear wall

64,65 is made chamfering 83a, 83b respectively, to make things convenient in the lock pin patchhole 50.Knock plane 84 on the top 86 of lock pin 16.The user can knock end face 84 and lock pin is knocked in hole 50 or therefrom pound out.

There is a bigger groove 60 (Fig. 6 and 9) at the middle part of lock pin 16.Housing 54 is roughly T-shaped at this middle part.Or rather, main body 70 comprises an end section 88 that is roughly rectangle that is made of antetheca 89, sidewall 90 and rear wall 91.End section 88 intersects at an end place relative with sidewall 90 and a traversing section 99 that is limited by an arm 72 and an internal side wall 101.Sidewall 101 stretches out forward and crossing with the antetheca 67 of lock pin 16 on end section 88, and antetheca 67 forms a 67a of indentation portion at adjacent grooves 60 places.The antetheca indentation 67a of portion, sidewall 101 and end section 88 be common to be formed one and is used for packing into and loads sidepiece shallow slot 103 with elastomer 56 a part of 56a.Top and bottom at elastomer 56, antetheca 67 and sidewall 68 match and form a pair ofly mutually facing to the stopper section 67b, the 67c that stretch, and each

stopper section

67b, 67c cooperate with the inwall 102 of sidewall 101 and form top and the bottom shallow slot 104,105 of can pack into high-elastic body 56b, 56c.When making lock pin, make elastomer 56 crooked and among " pushing suddenly " groove 60 and the shallow slot 103-105 once.The effect of these shallow slots is that elastomer 56 is clamped in the housing 54.Also can be without these shallow slots 103-105, but this elastomer is bonded on the inner walls, this two kinds of methods perhaps used simultaneously.

Housing 54 has one to be used for inserting the groove 61 (Fig. 6 and 8) that elastomer 57 is used in also clamping locking along the top 86 of lock pin 16.Antetheca 67 and internal side wall 101 are shown L shaped full extension greatly around groove 61.Antetheca 67 limits a shallow slot 107 at adjacent sidewall 101 places.Shallow slot 107 is also limited by the upper wall 109 along groove 61 at sidewall 101 contiguous places.Therefore, shallow slot 107 is one to be the L shaped substantially structure on boundary with antetheca 67, sidewall 101, end section 88 and stopper section 68a, 68b.End section 88 stretches along this elastomeric back except the about center at elastomer 57 has a gap 111, and end section 88 is still stayed a part at adjacent gap 111 places and formed the backstop 113 of an elastomer 57.Elastomer 57 is the same with elastomer 56, crooked back " once pushing suddenly " thus clamp by described shallow slot and backstop in this groove.

Elastomer 56,57 is all made by the more durable and firm elastomeric material of polyurethanes or rubber and so on.Certainly also can use other material with necessary characteristic.Preferably also have the compressibilty (Fig. 6-7,9 and 11) of many apertures 115 on the

elastomer

56,57 to improve them.These apertures preferably seal, and prevent to be stopped up by particulate.

Load with elastomer 56 and be generally elongated shape (Fig. 6-7,9 and 11).One protrusion 117 stretches out from elastomer 56 front portions and forms first projection 58 with rigid slab 125.Projection 58 tightly is connected to crown on the plush copper with lug 22 Elastic Meshing of joint plush copper 18.In addition, elastomer 56 comprises lateral ridge 56a, top ridge 56b and the end ridge 56c that can insert respectively in the shallow slot 103,104,105.Plate 125 the most handy metal material are made, and are general to arc, thereby form two legs 126,127, and the front portion that this two leg covers elastomer 56 also firmly is connected on it with bonding or other method with a side.Plate 125 also archwise and extending on the protrusion 117 on vertical.Thereby plate 125 make elastomer 56 not with the lug 22 of joint plush copper 18 against protected from wear.Projection 58 comprises an oblique section 129, thus easier compression elastomer 56 in lock pin 16 patchholes 50 or when therefrom taking out.

Locking is generally by antetheca 131, rear wall 132, roof 133, diapire 134 and sidewall 135,136 rectangular shapes that limited (Fig. 6,8 and 11) with elastomer 57.Convex ridge 57a insertion groove 107 along antetheca and top 131,133 stretching, extensions.One rigidity of preferably being made by metal material is inserted bonding or other method of 142 usefulness of pulling and firmly is connected on the rear wall 132 and passes the gap 111 on the housing 54 and stretch out.142 form the second elastic compression projection 59 but inserting pulls with elastomer 57.Inserting pulls 142 comprises a shoulder 144 that can connect with housing 54, to limit its outwardly directed degree.Insert 142 the base angle 146 of pulling and be arc, when knocking in the hole 50 or therefrom pounding out, be convenient to the slotting indentation of pulling to lock pin 16.

As mentioned above, lug 28a, 28b are positioned at rear wall 38 rears (Fig. 1-3 and 12) of crown 12, and they are connected with the main body 32 of crown 12 by the ear 44 of stretching out backward.Ear 44 is along the roof of a big radian transition part 149a, 149b and crown and diapire 34,35 cross (Fig. 2 and 12).Transition part 149a, 149b make big radian portion (for example, its radius of curvature is about 19mm/0.75in for rear aperture is the crown main body of 178mm/7in), so that reduce the stress intensity of intersection under big load as far as possible.The transition part of small curvature radius can cause stress high to unacceptable degree when using crown.

The part of the rear wall 38 of crown 12 has backstop (or boss) 155a, the 155b of a pair of limiting hole 50, they relative with lug 28a, 28b respectively (Fig. 1-3 and 13-15).Backstop 155a, 155b stretch to inner surface 48a, the 48b of lug 28a, 28b backward, thereby along position 50a, 50b hole 50 are dwindled.Lock pin 16 is inserted in position 50a, the 50b in hole 50 ordinatedly during use, thus backstop 155a, 155b against the antetheca 67 of lock pin 16,

inner surface

48a, 48b are against rear wall 64.In order to form backstop 155a, 155b, transition corner 157a, the 157b of a less camber must be arranged between ear 44 and the rear wall 38.The radius of curvature of corner 157a, 157b be about changeover portion 149a, the required radius of curvature of 149b 65% or littler.For the big radian changeover portion 149a, the 149b that do not interrupt the roof of the top of ear 44 and bottom and crown 12 and

diapire

34,35 are coupled together, stagger in the top and the bottom in backstop 155a, 155b and hole 50.

Lug 28a has a dimple 151 (Fig. 1-3 and 13-15) along its inner surface 48a.The shape of dimple 151 is made and can lock pin 16 firmly is clamped in the hole 50 for inserting 142 insertions ordinatedly of pulling.Therefore, dimple 151 comprise one in use with the lower arcuate surface 153 of corner 146 engagement.Intermeshing inclined-plane 146,153 feasible slotting 142 indentations from dimple 151 of pulling when lock pin 16 is pounded out from hole 50.

Lug 28b also has an outward-dipping forward inclined-plane 159 (Fig. 3 and 13-15) along its top.The effect on inclined-plane 159 is to be convenient to the bottom of lock pin 16 80 to inject the narrow 50b of hole portion lock pin 16 patchholes 50 time.142 the indentation of pulling also is convenient to insert in inclined-plane 159 when lock pin 16 is taken out from hole 50.

When tooth 10 was dug in assembling, crown 12 sliding sleeves made plush copper interworking ground insert in the socket 42 (Figure 12-15) on joint plush copper 18.Lug 28a, 28b partly insert cotter way 20.In case crown 12 is all in place on joint plush copper 18, just the top of bottom 80 patchholes 50 of lock pin 16.Different with many tight fit assemblies of prior art, before knocking lock pin 16 lock pin 16 can be substantially vertically in the patchhole 50 to the suitable degree of depth (Figure 13).The narrow 50a of hole portion inserts wherein for lock pin interworking ground and presss from both sides the lock pin, so that knock.The tight fit latch-up structure of prior art needs the workman to grasp lock pin when knocking lock pin with sledgehammer.The present invention then need not to grasp lock pin because before needs knock the bottom 80 of lock pin 16 can the free patchhole 50a of portion in to the degree that is enough to stablize lock pin.

Lock pin 16 puts that (Figure 13) knocks the end face 84 of lock pin 16 again and again with regard to available sledgehammer etc. and lock pin 16 is deeper knocked in the hole 50 behind the top in hole 50 well.When knocking lock pin downwards oblique section 129 of projection 58 against the top of backstop 155a and gradually elastomer 56 is pressed into housing 54.Elastomer 56 by compression, flushes with the antetheca 67 of lock pin 16 up to the external surface of plate 125 when wearing via portion 56a.When lock pin was down struck, tiltedly section 82 meshed lugs 22 and moves backward by the essential crown that makes like that gradually, thereby abdicates the position for lock pin 16 all inserts.Along with lock pin 16 is further knocked in hole 50, chamfering 83a mesh inclined plane 159, thereby lock pin 16 50b of entrance hole portion (Figure 14) successfully.Simultaneously, insert the upper inclination angle 161 of 142 the arc base angle 146 engagement lug 28a of pulling and be convenient to lock with the compression of elastomer 57 and slotting 142 the indentation of pulling.Insert pull 142 on lug 28a inner surface 48a by the time be fully retracted in the gap 111.

Installing (Figure 15) on the position, the antetheca 67 of lock pin 16 is against backstop 155a, 155b, and rear wall 69 is against

inner surface

48a, 48b, thereby lock pin 16 is clamped on the crown.This structure and crown irrespectively are clamped to lock pin 16 on the crown 12 with respect to the lengthwise position of joint plush copper 18, and therefore, when crown 12 is subjected to jacking force or other power effect displacement, lock pin 16 will be shifted thereupon.As can be seen, this structure decrease the possibility that from hole 50, ejects because of crown displacement of lock pin.

In addition, because plate 125 is tightly against the lug 22 of joint plush copper 18, thereby guarantee that crown 12 tightly is connected on this plush copper.Elastomer 56 shown in Figure 15 is in its compression,metal-to-metal position, and on this position, lug 22 not only connects plate 125, but also connects antetheca 67 (being position 67a).Thereby because excess compression can not take place in the elastomer 56 that exists of stiff case 54.Therefore this structure can be protected elastomer 56 to a certain extent.Along with each parts weares and teares, the cooperation of crown on the joint plush copper can fluff.At this moment, crown can further be drawn close to the joint plush copper, so that lug 12 is positioned at the place ahead of backstop 155a, 155b.So elastomer 56 outwards expands, plate 125 is continued against lug 122.This expansion can proceed to elastomer 56 and reach its maximum swelling amount.

Installing on the position (Figure 15), inserting pulls 142 springs in the dimple 151 of lug 28a.Stiff case 54 is whole substantially to be surrounded elastomer 57 and its is isolated exempt from the heavy load power that affacts on the crown, thereby prevents elastomer 57 overloads and premature failure.In fact this independently latch-up structure has been eliminated lock pin unnecessary possibility of scrapping has been taken place.And, even load with elastomer 56 because overload or wearing and tearing and entirely ineffective, but owing to there is housing 54 to be fixed on the 50a of hole portion, 50b place, add that slotting pulling 142 is inserted in the dimple 151, so lock pin can't be deviate from.

When changing crown, knock the face 84 of lock pin 16 once more and lock pin is down struck.A general sledgehammer and the pointed tool of using pounded out lock pin from hole 50.Inserting 142 the arc corner 146 of pulling slides and compression elastomer 57 and indentation are inserted and pulled 142 along the ramped bottom surface 153 of dimple 151.When inserting lock pin, inserting pulls 142 can be fully retracted in the gap 111 during by inner surface 48a.Equally, insert that pull 142 also can the indentation owing to inclined-plane 159 by inner surface 48b the time.

In another embodiment of the present invention (Figure 16-207, dig tooth 170 comprise a crown 172, a joint 174 and an improved lock pin 16 '.The structure of digging tooth 170 preferably and Davis's U.S. Patent No. 4,231,173 disclosed to dig tooth similar, this patent also also comprises in this manual as the reference data.But, also can use other centre-lock to dig toothing.

Lock pin 16 ' structure and lock pin 16 roughly the same, just saved arm 72, and housing 54 is more satisfactoryly for straight shape (Figure 16 and 19).As mentioned above, arm 72 is designed to extend between lug 28a, 28b and the sidewall 74.There is not this structure in the tooth owing to digging, so omitted arm 72 in centre-lock.But, can in crown, form a groove, and the joint plush copper can adapt to use one arm.In preferred structure, the sidewall that limits the centre bore of alignment prevents that lock pin from unnecessary rotation taking place.For ease of explanation, the lock pin 16 ' each several part of present embodiment adds " ' " expression on the used label when explanation lock pin 16.

Joint 174 comprises that one can firmly be connected to the handle (not shown) (Figure 16-18) on the leading edge of a bucket (not shown).Joint 174 also comprises a plush copper of stretching out forward 176, and this plush copper comprises tapered portion 178 and square top ends 180.Form a top dimple 182, one bottom dimples 183 and a counter-lateral quadrents dimple 184,185 on the joint 174.This joint plush copper is passed and in top dimple and 182,183 upper sheds of bottom dimple in a hole 186 that is generally rectangle.

Crown 172 comprises that a front portion digs a sword 188 and a rear end 190, and there is an aft-opening socket 191 rear end 190, and the shape of socket 191 is made to cooperate and inserted joint plush copper 176.One top lug 192, a bottom lug 193 and a counter-lateral quadrents lug 194,195 190 stretch out backward from the rear end.When digging tooth and install, top lug 192 inserts top dimples 182, bottom lug 193 inserts bottom dimples 183, and sidepiece lug 194,195 inserts sidepiece dimples 184,185.Top and bottom lug 192,193 respectively have a hole 196a, 196b, and they are aligned with each other.When crown 172 installed on the joint plush copper 176, hole 196a, 196b roughly alignd with the hole on the plush copper 176 and form a lockpin hole 198.The rear surface 201a of the hole 196a of top lug 192 go up to also have a dimple 203, can be used to cooperate insert lock pin 16 ' slottingly pull 142 '.

During use, in lock pin 16 ' patchhole 198, make housing 54 ' the bottom and top 80 ', 86 ' cooperate to insert among hole 196a, the 196b of crown 172.Like this, lock pin 16 ' clamping and the lengthwise position of crown 12 on joint plush copper 176 irrelevant.Projection 58 ' mesh is also pressed the antetheca 205 in hole 186 and crown tightly is connected on the joint plush copper, elastomer 57 ' pull 142 inserting ' be pressed into dimple 203 and make lock pin 16 ' firmly be fixed on the crown 172 independently.This structure is with above-mentioned to dig tooth 10 the same, also can protect lock pin and prevents that it from scrapping.

What lock pin 16 ' also can be used for had a side-latch structure digs tooth 170 ' (Figure 21).According to this embodiment, dig tooth 170 ' a comprise crown 172 ', a joint a 174 ' and lock pin 16 '.Dig tooth 170 ' the crown and the ring-type of joint roughly the same with the crown and the joint that dig tooth 170, just be used for inserting the formation difference in the hole of lock pin.Certainly, lock pin 16 ' also can be used for have different side-latch structures other dig tooth.Similar in view of this two embodiment, so the same parts of crown and joint is cast aside " ' " expression with adding one on the same numeral.The used lock pin 16 of this embodiment ' the same with the lock pin that is used to dig tooth 170.

According to this embodiment, joint 174 ' a comprise plush copper of stretching out forward 176 ', this plush copper comprise a tapered portion 178 ' and square toes portion 180 '.Joint plush copper 176 ' on have again top dimple 182 ', bottom dimple (not shown) and two sidepiece dimples 184 ' (only draw one of them), plush copper 176 ' also a comprise lateral aperture 186 ' (promptly parallel), its size and shape with bucket lip make can insert lock pin 16 '.Therefore hole 186 ' in the 184 ' upper shed of sidepiece dimple, rather than as digging tooth 170 in top dimple and bottom dimple upper shed.

Crown 172 ' a comprise front portion dig sword 188 ' and one can cooperate insert joint plush copper 176 ' aft-opening insertions mouth 191 '.Crown 172 ' respectively along roof, diapire and the two side of crown also comprise each lug (or ear) 192 '-195 ' (only illustrate lug 192 ', 194 ') lug 192 '-195 ' can cooperate insert joint plush copper 176 ' each dimple of correspondence in.Sidepiece lug 194 ', hole 196a ', 196b ' aligned with each other are arranged on 195 ' (only illustrate 194 ').Have on the back 201a ' of hole 196a ' one for lock pin 16 ' slottingly pull 142 ' the locking dimple 203 that inserts '.

When crown 172 ' install to joint plush copper 176 ' when going up, hole 196a ', 196b ' and hole 186 ' roughly align.Then among hole 186a ', the 196a ' of lock pin 16 ' knock in alignment, the 196b ', make the projection 58 of winning ' flexibly and plush copper 176 ' antetheca 205 ' engagement, the two ends of housing 54 cooperate among patchhole 196a ', the 196b '.In addition, second projection 59 ' slottingly pull 142 ' insert dimple 203 ' in and make lock pin 16 ' be fixed on crown 172 ' on.As can be seen, this structure is the same with the foregoing description has reduced the possibility that lock pin is scrapped.

(Figure 22-25) in another embodiment, one dig tooth 10 ' a comprise crown 12 ', a joint 14 and a lock pin 16 ".Therefore this structure of joint of digging tooth uses same tag, crown 12 ' roughly the same with crown 12 with to dig tooth 10 identical, so same section is cast aside (" ' ") and represented with adding one on the same tag.Lock pin 16 " roughly the same with lock pin 16, so same section two is cast aside (" " ") expression with adding on the same tag.

In the present embodiment, lock pin 16 " structure be preferably in and make some changes on the lock pin 16.Particularly, housing 54 " with lock pin 16 ' the same, also is a linear.In addition, arm 72 " be rectangle, its inner surface and external surface 77 ', 207 respectively against plush copper 18 and lug 28a ', 28b '." be arc evagination shape, it is against the lug 22 of plush copper 18 for first projection 58.Although these changes are arranged, lock pin 16 " the shape of these parts identical with lock pin 16.

Compare with lock pin 16, lock pin 16 " comprises pair of locking elastomer 210a, 210b.Each elastomer 210a, 210b comprise a central body portion 212a, 212b and a pair of opposed outstanding extension 213a, 213b, 214a, 214b.Rigidity insert pull 217a, 217b, 218a, 218b with bond or other method to be fixed to elongated portion 213a, 214a, 213b, 214b last and form some locking projection 222a, 222b, 223a, 223b.In the use, locking projection 223a, 223b pass gap 111a, the 111b that is formed on the housing 54 " rear wall 64 " backward, thereby inserting pull 218a, 218b cooperates among insertion dimple 151a, the 151b, locking projection 222a, 222b pass gap 219a, the 219b on the housing 54 " antetheca 67 " forward, thereby insert 217a, the 217b engagement of pulling along backstop 155a ', the formed dimple 221a of 155b ' leading edge, 221b.Dimple 221a, 221b do not resemble dimple 151a, 151b and surround to insert and all surround inserting pull 217a, 217b pull 218a, the 218b.But the outside of inserting pull 217a, 217b still exposes in the outside, thereby big radian transition part 149a ', 149b ' are unaffected.Therefore insert pull 217a, 217b and match and backstop 155a ', 155b ' are clamped between them, thus lock pin 16 " be fixed to crown 12 ' on.

From this embodiment obviously as seen, only otherwise deviate from spirit of the present invention, can make all changes.For example can use one or more locking elastomer.The locking elastomer can with insert pull cooperates and constitute forward, backward, the locking projection that on these directions, stretches out to sidepiece or while.Housing and elastomeric shape can certainly change.In addition, lock pin 16 " also can be used to assembly center locking dig tooth 170 and side-latch dig tooth 170 '.In these structures, crown 172,172 ' on dimple increase so that for each outstanding slotting insertion of pulling.

(Figure 26-29) in another embodiment, one digs tooth 10 " by a crown 12 ", a joint 14 and a lock pin 230 constitutes.Therefore this structure of joint of digging tooth uses same numeral with to dig tooth 10 identical.Crown 12 " identical substantially with crown 12, so same section adds two with same numeral and casts aside and represent.Lock pin 230 is specially adapted to the tooth that digs of smaller szie, can't use too big independent locking elastomer this moment.But lock pin 230 also is applicable to the larger sized tooth that digs.

Lock pin 230 is made of a stiff case 232 and single elastomer spare 234.Elastomer 234 inserts in the groove 254 of housing 232.Elastomer 234 comprise one stretch out forward load the locking of stretching out backward with part 237 with part 236 and.Bonding or other method of one rigid slab, 261 usefulness is fixed on loading with forming first projection 238 on the part 236 of elastomer 234, its outstanding forward and lug 22 of resilient abutment joint plush copper 18.Equally, a rigidity is inserted bonding or other method of 263 usefulness of pulling and is fixed to and locks with forming second projection 239 on the part 237.Second projection 239 can be used to cooperate to insert in the gap 240 that is formed between the lug 28a ", 28b ", thereby lock pin 230 is fixed to crown 12 " on.Thereby therefore projection 238,239 stretches out independent compressible in the opposite direction.Because two projections are separate compressible, therefore reduced the possibility that lock pin is scrapped owing to the wearing and tearing of overload, jacking force or joint plush copper.But because rearward projection independent compression; Therefore locking action is firm, thereby lock pin is not easy to scrap, and rear projection and front projection isolation, thereby alleviated the effect of heavy load, the stiff case that has also improved lock pin simultaneously is inserted in the conformability in the lockpin hole of crown, thereby even also can firmly be locked in lock pin on the crown when installing on the joint plush copper of wearing and tearing and loose fit.

Housing 232 is the best elongated rigid body of being made by rigid metallic material.Housing 232 preferably has radian slightly, thereby antetheca 241 is spirogyrate, and rear wall 243,244 is concave shaped.The arc of lock pin 230 can make it be used for existing crown.But housing 232 also can be made linear.

Housing 232 comprises the arm 250 that a main body 249 and is stretched out backward along the medial surface 252 of housing 232.Arm 250 is preferably the hook-type that comprises an inner surface 251 and an end face 253.Arm 250 extends between the plush copper 18, lug 28a ", 28b ", thus the sidewall 24 of inner surface 251 engagement locked grooves 20, the inner surface 74a of end face 253 engagement lug 28a ", 28b " ", 74b ".Therefore arm 250 is stablized lock pin 230, makes it to do unnecessary rotation, and prevents the formed lockpin hole 50 of lock pin 230 wrong insertions " in.

The top of housing 232 and bottom 247,248 all are the structure that is generally bulk that is formed by antetheca 241, rear wall 243 and sidewall 245,246.Have on the top 247 of housing 232 on the bottom 248 of the planomural face 242 that knocks, housing 232 and little chamfering 265-267 arranged so that lock pin 230 patchholes 50 " in.Chamfering 265 also meshes the upper surface of lug 22 and as essential crown 12 " is shifted near on the joint plush copper 18 when lock pin inserts.Chamfering 266 is engagement lug 28b " corner so that bottom 248 at rear wall 38 " and lug 28b also " between pass through.Chamfering 265-267 also can do more to be used for special circumstances in case of necessity.

Two ends 254a, the 254b of groove 254 are used for fixing elastomer 234.Antetheca 241 middle parts comprise that one forms the 241a of the portion that dwindles of an opening 256, and first projection 238 is promptly outstanding from this opening 256.The 241a of wall portion stretches along the limit of projection 238, so wall 241a meshes the lug 22 of plush copper 18 on elastomeric certain compression position.Thereby loading with part 236 of elastomer 234 of the 241a of wall portion protection exempts from unnecessary compression.Figure 26 represents that elastomer 234 is in compression,metal-to-metal position.When joint plush copper 18 wearing and tearing, crown 12 " will install more close plush copper.In this case, projection 238 will expand and keep and lug 22 engagements.The plate 261 of projection 238 preferably include one with the central segment 261a of lug 22 engagement and end segments 261b, the 261c of a pair of indentation.End segments 261b, 261c tilt, and knock in when pounding out the hole 50 " neutralization is from hole 50 " at lock pin and are convenient in the projection 238 retraction housings 232.

The rear wall 243 same formation one of housing 232 are passed and outstanding opening 257 with projection 239 for locking.It is 263 generally c-shaped that projection 239 slotting pulled.Insert 263 end 263a, 263b two ends 264a, the 264b that pull against lug 28a ", 28b ".Should insert end 263a, the 263b pull do circular so that locking is with the compression of part 237 and be convenient to slotting 263 the indentation of pulling when lock pin inserts and take out.Also available bevel portion replaces rounded ends.Because the pressure that acts on second projection 239 in using is little, so the locking of elastomer 234 does not just become problem with the excess compression of part 237.From Figure 27 as seen, arm 250 restriction is inserted and is pulled 263 protrudingly, and both keep in touch thereby guarantee rigidity to insert the end 263a, the 263b that pull and housing 232 and lug 28a ", 28b ".

The part 269a along sidewall 245 of housing 232,269b, 270a, 270b constitute end 254a, the 254b of groove 254, and they form backstop and elastomer 234 is clamped in this groove.When making lock pin preferably the elastomer bending after in " once pushing suddenly " groove 254.But elastomer also can bond on the rear surface, inside 272 of groove 254.Elastomer 234 is made by the firmer and durable elastomeric material of polyurethanes or rubber and so on.Certainly also can use other suitable material.In addition, can have in the elastomer 234 but and nonessential have improve its flexible aperture 259.When needing, can seal aperture 259.

In the use, the lug 22 of first projection, 238 resilient abutment joint plush coppers 18 and crown 12 " tightly is connected on the plush copper.Slotting 263 cooperations of pulling of second projection 239 are inserted between lug 28a " and 28b " opposite end 264a, the 264b.As can be seen, insert the 263 engagement lug 28a " and 28b " that pull, thereby lock pin 230 firmly be fixed to crown 12 " on.Because lock pin 230 is locked on the crown so independently, so lock pin causes the danger of scrapping to reduce because of loading the overload with part 236, the effect of jacking force and the wearing and tearing of joint plush copper.

In addition, lock pin 230 is irrelevant by the lengthwise position of crown 12 " clamping and crown 12 " on joint plush copper 18.Specifically, rear wall 38 " go up form backstop 155a " and 155b " limit to cooperate and insert the also top of clamping housing 232 and the 50a of narrow openings portion of bottom 247,248 " and 50b ".Housing 232 is clamped in lug 28a ", 28b " and rear wall 38 " between, thereby antetheca 241 is against backstop 155a ", 155b "; Rear wall 243 is against the inner surface 48a of this two lug ", 48b ".For do not interrupt ear 44 " be connected to roof and diapire 34 ", 35 " big radian transition part 149a ", 149b ", backstop 155a ", 155b " and ear 44 " top and bottom stagger.Therefore lock pin is along with crown moves together, because of jacking force effect or joint plush copper the possibility that wearing and tearing are ejected taking place thereby reduce lock pin, inserts also to play lock pin 230 firmly is fixed to and avoid the unnecessary effect of scrapping of lock pin generation on the crown thereby insert 263 the lockings in gap 240 of pulling.

When assembling this and digging tooth, joint plush copper 18 cooperates inserts sockets 42 " in.Put into hole 50 with handgrip lock pin 230 ", make the bottom 248 of housing 232 be engaged folder and fix on and dwindle the 50a of portion " in.When knocking in lock pin 230 downwards, backstop 155a " make projection 238 indentations, and lug 28a " makes projection 239 indentations.When two projections backstop 155a " and lug 28a " upward by the time (when taking out lock pin they backstop 155b " and lug 28b " go up by), they are fully retracted in the housing 232.When lock pin 230 arrival institutes required the position, projection 238 expanded and

engagement lug

22, and 239 of projections spring in the gap 240.

Lock pin 230 also can be used for having the tooth that digs of centre-lock structure (Figure 30) or side-latch structure (not shown), for example dig tooth 170,170 '; When be used for these types dig tooth the time, first projection, 238 elasticity are tight against the antetheca 205 in the hole 186 that is formed in the joint plush copper 18.Insert in 263 gaps 274 of inserting between the relative outer end 275 of the top lug 192 that is formed on crown and bottom lug 193 of pulling (side-latch dig in the tooth this gap be formed on both sides lug 184 ' between).Hole 186 does enough deeply 263 can stretch into backward in the gap 274 so that insert to pull.The top of housing 232 and bottom 247,248 cooperations are inserted and secured among hole 196a, the 196b of lug 192,193.And, with lock pin 16 ' the same, preferably save the arm 250 of lock pin 230.

Above-mentioned explanation relates to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.Only otherwise deviate from the present invention's spirit and the wideer each side that claims limit, also can use other all embodiment or make all changes.

Claims

1. one kind is dug tooth, and it comprises:

One joint, it comprises that one can be fixed to the plush copper that the base and on the excavating equipment stretches out forward, described joint also comprises an opening;

One crown, it comprises first opening and second opening near described first opening that the aft-opening socket that digs sword, and can insert described joint plush copper in a front portion, roughly aligns with described joint opening; With

One described first opening that inserts described joint opening and described crown to be firmly being connected to described crown the lock pin on the described joint,

It is characterized in that, described lock pin comprises a stiff case and the compressible projection of some independence, each described projection comprises that one is connected in the work package on the elastic material, one of described projection Elastic Contact also is tight against a wall that constitutes a described joint opening part, thereby described crown tightly is connected on the described joint, another projection resilient clamp in the described projection in described second opening of described crown, thereby described lock pin is locked on the described crown.

2. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: on one side described joint opening is formed by a cotter way that stretches along described joint; Described first opening of described crown is limited by the lug of a pair of uniform distances that is provided with after the side direction of described crown.

3. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described crown also comprises the main body with a rear wall, described socket is in this rear wall upper shed, each described lug comprise one with described rear wall facing surfaces; Described second opening of described crown is one to be formed on the dimple on one of described surface of described lug.

4. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described second opening of described crown is one to be formed on the gap between the lug of described spaced apart.

5. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described crown also comprises a main body, this main body has the ear that roof, diapire, pair of sidewalls and make described lug and the interconnection of described main body, and described ear is connected with one of described sidewall with the diapire place at contiguous described roof by big radian changeover portion; Described first opening of described crown comprises the backstop of some spaced apart, and in each described lug and the described backstop one is relative and form peristome that a pair of degree of depth reduces and insert ordinatedly for the described housing of described lock pin and be clamped in wherein; Described backstop and described big radian changeover portion stagger.

6. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described joint opening is made of a hole of passing the core of described joint; Described first opening of described crown is made of a hole of each wall of a pair of spaced apart wall that passes described between cog.

7. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described second opening is one to be formed on the dimple on the wall that limits one of described hole in the described crown.

8. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that: described second opening is one to be formed on the gap between two walls of described spaced apart of described crown.

9. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the described housing of described lock pin inserts ordinatedly and is clamped at least a portion of described first opening of described crown.

10. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described crown further comprises some second openings, and described lock pin comprises some other described projections, and each described other projection is inserted in described second opening and described lock pin is firmly locked onto described nibbling on the point.

11. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described lock pin also comprises some independently elastomer spares; One of described elastomer spare installs on the described work package of a described projection, and another described elastomer spare installs on the described work package of described another projection.

12. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that: the described stiff case of described lock pin roughly surrounds described another elastomer spare fully and makes described another elastomer spare avoid putting on the effect of the power on the described crown.

13. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described lock pin comprises a single elastomer spare, and the described work package of each described projection all is connected with it.

14. the tooth that digs as claimed in claim 13 is characterized in that: the described work package of described two projections is compressible in the opposite direction.

15. a crown that digs tooth, it comprises a roof, a diapire, pair of sidewalls and a rear wall, and described roof and diapire form a front portion to the other side's inclination mutually on the whole and dig sword; Described crown also comprises a socket in described rear wall upper shed, so that a plush copper of a joint is inserted ordinatedly; Described crown also comprises the apparent surface of at least two group spaced apart, every group of apparent surface forms first opening in described crown, described first opening is aligned with each other and insert wherein for a lock pin, described each group apparent surface comprise one away from a described front of digging sword with one towards described sword and the back relative dug with described front

It is characterized in that, described forward and backward of at least one group of described opposite face also comprise a dimple on the one side at least, insert the insertion of pulling for one on the lock pin that is inserted in first opening.

16. crown as claimed in claim 15, it further comprises the lug of a pair of spaced apart, and described lug is positioned at surpassing on the rear position of described rear wall of one of described sidewall; Each described back is made of one of described lug, and each described front is made of described rear wall.

17. crown as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, one of described at least back comprises that one can insert a slotting dimple of pulling of lock pin.

18. crown as claimed in claim 17, it is characterized in that, at least one of described front comprise one be formed on one of described at least back on the relative dimple of described dimple, each is formed on described dimple on the described front and back and can inserts one of lock pin and insert and pull.

19. crown as claimed in claim 16, it also comprises an ear shape member, one of this ear shape member and described sidewall general alignment also extends through described rear wall and described lug is connected to described sidewall, and each described lug is to stretch inwards with the described ear shape member ground that roughly meets at right angles.

20. crown as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, one of described apparent surface's group is formed on each described roof and the described diapire.

21. crown as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that, one of described one group of group opposite face group is formed on each described sidewall.

22. crown as claimed in claim 15, it further comprises: the lug of a main body, a pair of spaced apart and is connected to ear shape member on the described main body to described lug; Described main body comprises a roof, a diapire, pair of sidewalls and a rear wall; Described lug is positioned at surpassing on the rear position of described rear wall of one of described sidewall, each described lug comprise one with described rear wall facing surfaces, the described surface of described lug and described rear wall spaced apart and form an opening betwixt; Described ear shape member is connected on the described main body by a big radian changeover portion at described roof and diapire place, thereby under heavy load the stress of this junction is remained on acceptable numerical value; And have a backstop relative with the described surface of each described lug, each described backstop and described big radian changeover portion to stagger on the described rear wall and form a narrower portion of described opening, insert ordinatedly and be clamped in wherein for a lock pin.

23. crown as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, thereby the described surface of at least one described lug comprises that also one can insert to pull to insert wherein this lock pin is locked onto dimple on the described crown for an end of a lock pin.

24. crown as claimed in claim 23 is characterized in that, the described surface of each described lug comprises a slotting insertion dimple wherein of pulling for this lock pin.

25. crown as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that, one of described at least backstop comprises that one can insert to pull and inserts wherein and this lock pin is locked onto dimple on this crown for one of lock pin.

26. a lock pin, its opening that is suitable for being contained in a joint neutralize in the opening of the aligning of a crown, firmly described crown being connected on the described joint,

27. lock pin as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described work package is connected with a single elastomer spare.

28. lock pin as claimed in claim 26 is characterized in that, described elastic material is made of some independent elastomer spares, and each described work package is connected and fixed on different with another elastomer of described work package at least elastomer.

29. lock pin as claimed in claim 26, it comprises that also one can insert one and is formed on this and digs outwards outstanding arm in the open space in the tooth, digs tooth and makes it that unnecessary rotation can't take place and prevent that lock pin from inserting mistakenly and dig in the tooth thereby stablize this.