CN109119563B - Multi-stage buffering protection device for battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Multi-stage buffering protection device for battery of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109119563B
CN109119563B CN201811015746.4A CN201811015746A CN109119563B CN 109119563 B CN109119563 B CN 109119563B CN 201811015746 A CN201811015746 A CN 201811015746A CN 109119563 B CN109119563 B CN 109119563B
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box
wall
blind hole
inner box
battery
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CN109119563A (en
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靳卫卫
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GAOTANG Rongzhi Rongzhi Technology Service Co.,Ltd.
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陆霞
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/233Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
    • H01M50/24Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-stage buffer protection device for an electric vehicle battery, which effectively solves the problem that the current buffer device for the electric vehicle battery has poor effect; the technical scheme includes that an inner box and an outer box are wrapped, a battery pack is placed in the inner box, a guide pillar is arranged on the inner box, a first blind hole capable of being matched with the guide pillar is formed in the outer box, two magnets which are mutually exclusive are installed at the bottom of the first blind hole, a screw rod penetrates between the two magnets, the screw thread rotating directions of the screw rod and the matching position of the two magnets are opposite, the thread lead angle of the screw thread is larger than the equivalent friction angle of a screw pair, a plurality of exhaust holes with small apertures are formed in the inner wall of the first blind hole between the magnet close to the aperture and the aperture, gas in the first blind hole can be slowly exhausted through the exhaust holes, and the exhaust holes are arranged along the axial direction of the first blind hole and are communicated with; the invention has stable buffering process, can effectively buffer large and small impacts, has high upper limit of buffering force, and is safe and reliable.

Description

Multi-stage buffering protection device for battery of electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobiles, in particular to a battery multistage buffering protection device for an electric automobile.
Background
The electric automobile is a vehicle which takes a vehicle-mounted power supply as power and drives wheels to run by using a motor, and meets various requirements of road traffic and safety regulations; as a power source of the electric automobile, harmful products cannot be generated in the chemical reaction process of the battery, the pollution is extremely low, and the energy conversion efficiency of the battery is 2-3 times higher than that of an internal combustion engine, so that the electric automobile has a good popularization prospect in the aspects of energy utilization and environmental protection.
However, the current development of the electric vehicle still faces bottlenecks, one important aspect of the electric vehicle is that the development of the battery technology is relatively lagged, and the energy stored by the unit weight of the storage battery is too little, so that a battery pack with a larger weight needs to be matched, and meanwhile, the shape and the fixed structure of the huge battery pack need to be designed in a targeted manner; the conventional battery pack is mostly fixedly arranged in a battery box, frequent acceleration and deceleration during the running process of an automobile easily cause looseness or collision between the battery and the battery box, and the collision effect of the battery pack along with the running process of the automobile easily causes mechanical damage to the battery pack, so that the service life of the battery is reduced; particularly, when a vehicle runs at a high speed, if sudden emergency braking occurs or accidents such as high-speed rear-end collision and impact occur, the battery pack of the vehicle is more likely to generate strong impact due to huge inertia force, so that fire and even explosion accidents are caused.
The conventional battery pack buffer device of the electric automobile is mostly simple structures such as a spring or an elastic cushion, has limited buffer capacity and has a contradiction problem, and if the spring or the elastic material with small elastic coefficient is adopted, the buffer device can stably buffer small impact, but the buffer limit is exceeded when large impact occurs, so that the buffer fails; if a spring or an elastic material with a large elastic coefficient is adopted, although the buffering limit is improved, the buffering process is not stable enough due to the large rigidity, and the buffering effect on small impact is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a multi-stage buffer protection device for an electric vehicle battery, which effectively solves the problem of poor effect of the conventional buffer device for the electric vehicle battery.
The technical scheme includes that the multistage buffering and protecting device for the batteries of the electric automobile comprises an inner box and an outer box, wherein the inner box and the outer box are rectangular in shape, a battery pack is placed in the inner box, the inner box is placed in the outer box and can slide left and right in the outer box, first pressure springs are mounted between the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the inner box and the inner wall of the outer box at the same end, horizontal guide pillars are arranged on the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the inner box, first blind holes matched with the guide pillars are formed in the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the outer box, two magnets which are arranged at intervals left and right and mutually exclusive are mounted at the bottom of each first blind hole, the two magnets can move in opposite directions; an axial sliding groove is formed in the inner wall of the first blind hole, a sliding block is connected to the outer wall of each magnet, and the two sliding blocks are arranged in the sliding grooves and can slide left and right in the sliding grooves; a screw rod penetrates between the two magnets, the two magnets are matched with the screw rod through threads, the thread turning directions of the matched positions of the screw rod and the two magnets are opposite, and the thread lead angles of the threads are larger than the equivalent friction angle of the screw pair;
a plurality of exhaust holes with small apertures are formed in the inner wall of the first blind hole between the magnet close to the aperture and the aperture, gas in the first blind hole can be slowly exhausted through the exhaust holes, and the exhaust holes are arranged along the axial direction of the first blind hole and are communicated with the outside air; the outer end of the guide post is provided with an axial hole for inserting a screw rod; the guide pillar, the first blind hole, the magnet, the screw rod and the exhaust hole form a buffer unit.
The invention has stable buffering process, can effectively buffer large and small impacts, has high upper limit of buffering force, and is safe and reliable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a top cross-sectional view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion B in fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is a left side cross-sectional view of the chute position.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the battery pack comprises an inner box 1 and an outer box 2 which are rectangular, a battery pack is placed in the inner box 1, the inner box 1 is placed in the outer box 2 and can slide left and right in the outer box 2, first pressure springs 3 are respectively arranged between the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the inner box 1 and the inner wall of the outer box 2 at the same end, horizontal guide pillars 4 are respectively arranged on the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the inner box 1, first blind holes 5 which can be matched with the guide pillars 4 are respectively arranged on the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the outer box 2, two magnets 6 which are arranged at intervals left and right and mutually exclusive are arranged at the bottom of the first blind holes 5, the two magnets 6 can move towards or away from each other simultaneously, and a; an axial sliding groove 8 is formed in the inner wall of the first blind hole 5, a sliding block 9 is connected to the outer wall of each magnet 6, and the two sliding blocks 9 are arranged in the sliding groove 8 and can slide left and right in the sliding groove 8; a screw rod 10 penetrates between the two magnets 6, the two magnets 6 are matched with the screw rod 10 through threads, the thread turning directions of the matched positions of the screw rod 10 and the two magnets 6 are opposite, and the thread lead angles of the threads are larger than the equivalent friction angle of a screw pair;
a plurality of exhaust holes 11 with small apertures are formed in the inner wall of the first blind hole 5 between the magnet 6 close to the orifice and the orifice, gas in the first blind hole 5 can be slowly exhausted through the exhaust holes 11, and the exhaust holes 11 are arranged along the axial direction of the first blind hole 5 and are communicated with the outside air; the outer end of the guide post 4 is provided with an axial hole 12 for inserting the screw rod 10; the guide post 4, the first blind hole 5, the magnet 6, the screw 10 and the exhaust hole 11 form a buffer unit.
In order to ensure the buffering effect of the device on the inner box 1 and the battery pack therein, a plurality of buffering units are arranged.
For preventing that guide pillar 4 from striking magnet 6 and causing the damage, also in order to improve the sealing performance between guide pillar 4 and first blind hole 5, guide pillar 4 outer end install rubber buffer 13, rubber buffer 13 is interference fit with first blind hole 5.
In order to facilitate the guide pillar 4 to be inserted into the first blind hole 5, the outer end of the rubber stopper 13 is provided with a chamfer.
In order to further improve the buffering effect, friction pads 14 are respectively attached to the outer wall of the bottom of the inner box 1 and the inner wall of the bottom of the outer box 2; the friction pad 14 may be selected from powder metallurgy materials, asbestos-based materials, paper-based materials, and the like.
For the group battery of messenger's interior case 1 can effectively fix and can not rock in interior case 1, the one end of interior case 1 install a vertical push pedal 15 that just can remove about in interior case 1, be connected with the extension spring between push pedal 15 and this end case wall, run through on the interior case 1 lateral wall of this end and have a plurality of bolts 16, the inner and the push pedal 15 contact of a plurality of bolts 16, the outer end is arranged in outside interior case 1.
In order to prevent the bolt 16 from impacting the inner wall of the outer box 2 when the inner wire moves left and right, the inner wall of the outer box 2 is provided with a second blind hole 17 opposite to the bolt 16, and the outer end of the bolt 16 can be arranged in the second blind hole 17.
In order to ensure the coaxiality of the guide post 4 and the first blind hole 5, a transverse guide rod 18 penetrates through the top walls of the inner box 1 and the outer box 2, and the inner box 1 can slide left and right along the guide rod 18; the guide rod 18 prevents misalignment between the guide post 4 and the first blind hole 5.
In order to realize the installation of the two magnets, the outer ends of the sliding grooves 8 are opened, and after the two magnets 6 are installed in the first blind holes 5, the outer ends of the sliding grooves 8 are plugged.
The outer box 2 and the inner box 1 adopt an openable top cover type structure; when the automobile shock absorber is used, the outer box 2 is installed on a chassis of an electric automobile, and a shock absorption device such as a spring can be installed between the bottom of the outer box 2 and the chassis to buffer up-and-down jolts of the automobile in the running process; the battery pack is placed in the inner box 1, when the battery pack is installed, firstly, the bolt 16 at the end part of the inner box 1 is screwed to enable the bolt 16 to move outwards, meanwhile, the push plate 15 moves towards the end part of the inner box 1 under the action of the tension spring, then, the battery pack is flatly installed in the inner box 1, then, the bolt 16 is screwed inwards, the inner ends of the bolts 16 push the push plate 15 to move towards the middle part of the inner box 1 under the action of the tension spring so as to clamp the battery pack, and the battery pack is firmly fixed in the inner box 1; after the battery pack is installed, the guide rod 18 penetrates into the inner box 1 and the outer box 2, and two ends of the guide rod 18 are fixed by nuts.
In the normal driving process, along with the acceleration and deceleration of an automobile, the inner box 1 and a battery pack in the inner box can generate the phenomena of backward impact and forward impact due to inertia, at the moment, a first pressure spring 3 between the inner box 1 and the outer box 2 plays a role in buffering the inner box 1, meanwhile, a friction pad 14 between the bottom of the inner box 1 and the bottom of the outer box 2 increases the resistance of the inner box 1 in sliding, and plays a role in buffering the inner box 1 and the battery pack in the inner box together with a plurality of first springs, so that the influence on the internal structure of the battery caused by the violent shaking of the battery due to the collision or over-high acceleration with the outer box 2 is prevented; the first pressure spring 3 and the friction pad 14 can meet the protection and buffering of the battery pack in acceleration and deceleration within a normal range when the automobile runs.
When an automobile is emergently braked in case of sudden accident, because the speed of the automobile is rapidly reduced, the inner box 1 and a battery pack in the inner box can be greatly forwards rushed due to great inertia force, the resistance of the first pressure spring 3 at the front end and the friction pad 14 at the bottom is not enough to buffer the forward rushing of the battery pack, the large-amplitude forward rushing of the inner box 1 can enable the guide post 4 at the end part of the inner box 1 to be inserted into the first blind hole 5 corresponding to the outer box 2, and the rubber plug 13 at the outer end of the guide post 4 can be tightly attached to the inner wall of the first blind hole 5 to prevent air leakage; the air in the first blind hole 5 is extruded by the guide post 4 and is exhausted through the exhaust holes 11, the aperture of each exhaust hole 11 is very small, compared with the aperture of the first blind hole 5, the aperture of each exhaust hole 11 is 1/30-1/20 of the aperture of the first blind hole 5, so that the air in the first blind hole 5 can be exhausted only slowly through the exhaust holes 11, the air in the first blind hole 5 can generate resistance on the guide post 4 to reduce the forward-flushing force of the inner box 1, the outer wall of each guide post 4 can seal the exhaust holes 11 one by one from outside to inside along with the penetration of the guide post 4, the deeper the guide post 4 is, the fewer the exhaust holes 11 capable of exhausting are, the slower the exhaust speed is, and the larger the resistance of the air in the first blind hole 5 on the guide post 4 is until the inner box 1 stops; after the forward-stroke trend of the inner box 1 disappears, the inner box 1 returns to the original position under the action of the first pressure spring 3, the guide pillar 4 is pushed out of the first blind hole 5, and outside air enters the first blind hole 5 through the exhaust hole 11; in the same way, when the automobile rushes back the inner box 1 due to violent acceleration, the rear end guide pillar 4 and the first blind hole 5 buffer the automobile.
When the automobile has rear-end collision or frontal collision accidents when running at high speed, the automobile is stopped instantly at high speed, the acceleration is higher than that of emergency braking, the inertia force of the inner box 1 is higher at the moment, the front impact is stronger, the exhaust hole 11 is completely sealed by the guide post 4 and still is not effectively braked, at the moment, the rubber plug 13 at the end part of the guide post 4 which continuously rushes forward can contact the magnet 6 at the outer side and push the magnet 6 to move inwards, the screw rod 10 is driven to rotate by the thread which is not self-locked when the magnet 6 moves inwards, the screw rod 10 rotates and drives the magnet 6 at the inner side to move, and the threads at the two magnets 6 are opposite in rotating direction, so that the two magnets 6 move oppositely against the pressure of the second pressure spring 7, and the slide block 9 and the slide groove 8 can prevent the magnet 6; along with the forward stroke of the guide post 4, the distance between the two magnets 6 is smaller and smaller, the repulsion force between the two magnets is larger and larger, meanwhile, the air between the two magnets is compressed, and the resistance of the air is larger and larger, so that the resistance of the guide post 4 is larger and larger, and the inner box 1 is braked until the guide post 4 stops the forward stroke; after the inertia force of the inner box 1 disappears, the inner box 1 returns to the original position under the action of the repulsion force of the magnet 6 and the elasticity of the first pressure spring 3; meanwhile, the two magnets 6 move back to back under the action of the repulsive force and the second pressure spring 7, and the screw rod 10 rotates reversely; similarly, when the vehicle is rear-ended, the inner box 1 is backwashed, and the plurality of buffer units at the rear end perform buffer braking on the inner box 1.
The invention has the following remarkable advantages: firstly, three-stage buffering is designed, the first pressure spring 3 and the friction pad 14 are of a first stage, the exhaust holes 11 are of a second stage, the repulsion force of the magnet 6 and the air compression resistance between the repulsion force and the repulsion force are of a third stage, the three-stage buffering progresses layer by layer, the resistance is gradually increased, the stability of the buffering process is ensured, the stable buffering of small impact is considered while the effective buffering braking of large impact is ensured, and the buffering braking can be stably and effectively realized for inertial impacts of different degrees; in addition, the braking resistance of third level buffering increases along with the displacement increase of inner box 1, and because the magnetism of magnetic pole department feels linear density the biggest moreover, repulsion increase between the two can reduce more and more fast along with the distance, for the increase of class exponential formula, therefore its biggest braking resistance is big, and the buffer power upper limit is high, can satisfy the buffering braking requirement when the powerful impact, and braking process is steady, can not appear exceeding the buffering limit and the rigid braking causes the condition of assaulting.
In conclusion, the buffer device has the advantages of stable buffer process, effective buffer for large and small impacts, high upper limit of buffer force, safety and reliability.

Claims (7)

1. The multistage buffering and protecting device for the battery of the electric automobile comprises an inner box (1) and an outer box (2) which are rectangular in shape, and is characterized in that a battery pack is placed in the inner box (1), the inner box (1) is placed in the outer box (2) and can slide left and right in the outer box (2), first pressure springs (3) are installed between the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the inner box (1) and the inner wall of the outer box (2) at the same end, horizontal guide pillars (4) are arranged on the left outer wall and the right outer wall of the inner box (1), first blind holes (5) which can be matched with the guide pillars (4) are formed in the left inner wall and the right inner wall of the outer box (2), two magnets (6) which are arranged at intervals left and right and mutually exclusive are installed at the bottom of the first blind holes (5), the two magnets (6) can move towards or away from each other at the same time, and a second; an axial sliding groove (8) is formed in the inner wall of the first blind hole (5), a sliding block (9) is connected to the outer wall of each magnet (6), and the two sliding blocks (9) are arranged in the sliding groove (8) and can slide left and right in the sliding groove (8); a screw rod (10) penetrates between the two magnets (6), the two magnets (6) are matched with the screw rod (10) through threads, the thread rotating directions of the matched positions of the screw rod (10) and the two magnets (6) are opposite, and the thread lead angles of the threads are larger than the equivalent friction angle of a screw pair;
a plurality of exhaust holes (11) with small apertures are formed in the inner wall of the first blind hole (5) between the magnet (6) close to the orifice and the orifice, gas in the first blind hole (5) can be slowly exhausted through the exhaust holes (11), and the exhaust holes (11) are arranged along the axial direction of the first blind hole (5) and are communicated with the outside air; the outer end of the guide post (4) is provided with an axial hole (12) into which a screw rod (10) can be inserted; the guide post (4), the first blind hole (5), the magnet (6), the screw (10) and the exhaust hole (11) form a buffer unit;
the friction pads (14) are respectively attached to the outer wall of the box bottom of the inner box (1) and the inner wall of the box bottom of the outer box (2).
2. The multi-stage buffering and protecting device for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of buffering units are provided.
3. The multistage buffering and protecting device for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein a rubber plug (13) is installed at the outer end of the guide post (4), and the rubber plug (13) is in interference fit with the first blind hole (5).
4. The multistage buffering and protecting device for the battery of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 3, wherein the outer end of the rubber plug (13) is provided with a chamfer.
5. The multistage buffering and protecting device for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that a push plate (15) which is vertical and can move left and right in the inner box (1) is installed at one end of the inner box (1), a plurality of bolts (16) penetrate through the side wall of the inner box (1) at the end, the inner ends of the bolts (16) are in contact with the push plate (15), and the outer ends of the bolts are arranged outside the inner box (1).
6. The multi-stage buffering and protecting device for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, wherein a second blind hole (17) opposite to the bolt (16) is formed in the inner wall of the outer box (2), and the outer end of the bolt (16) can be placed in the second blind hole (17) when the inner box (1) moves left and right.
7. The multi-stage buffering and protecting device for the battery of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that a transverse guide rod (18) penetrates through the top walls of the inner box (1) and the outer box (2), and the inner box (1) can slide left and right along the guide rod (18).
CN201811015746.4A 2018-08-31 2018-08-31 Multi-stage buffering protection device for battery of electric vehicle Active CN109119563B (en)

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CN113314791A (en) * 2021-04-21 2021-08-27 安徽瑞露科技有限公司 Lithium battery module protection architecture

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DE102014200879A1 (en) * 2014-01-20 2015-07-23 Robert Bosch Gmbh Transport container for lithium batteries
CN206849916U (en) * 2017-06-27 2018-01-05 詹喜艳 A kind of balance car storage battery protecting box
CN207743275U (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-08-17 王景伟 A kind of fixing device of automobile power cell

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