CN109112351B - High-elasticity-modulus brass alloy material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-elasticity-modulus brass alloy material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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Abstract
The invention discloses a brass alloy material with high elastic modulus, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15 to 40 weight percent of Zn, 0.3 to 1.5 weight percent of Sn, 0.3 to 1.5 weight percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.8 weight percent of Co, 0.1 to 0.8 weight percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.8 weight percent of Ag and the balance of Cu. The brass alloy conductive material has excellent elastic property and conductivity, the elastic modulus reaches 119.3Gpa, and the conductivity reaches 43% IACS; the invention is obtained by a great amount of experiments and creative labor, improves the technical scheme of the brass alloy conductive material in the prior art, has a synergistic effect on the aspect of improving the elastic property by screening the element types and adjusting the dosage proportion among the elements, still has excellent conductive performance, and is greatly beyond the expectation of the technical personnel in the field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metal alloy materials, and particularly relates to a brass alloy material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Brass is an alloy consisting of copper and zinc. If the alloy is composed of more than two elements, the alloy is called special brass. The brass has stronger wear resistance, and is often used for manufacturing valves, water pipes, connecting pipes of internal and external machines of air conditioners, radiators and the like. In order to improve the corrosion resistance, strength, hardness, machinability and the like of brass, a small amount (generally 1-2%, a small amount reaching 3-4%, and very individually reaching 5-6%) of elements such as tin, aluminum, manganese, iron, silicon, nickel, lead and the like are added into a copper-zinc alloy to form a ternary, quaternary and even quinary alloy, namely complex brass, which is also called special brass. Brass alloys are widely used as electrical contact materials for connectors, terminals, relays, switches, and the like because of their many kinds and low prices. However, compared with phosphor bronze, beryllium copper, corson alloy and the like, the brass alloy generally has the defect of poor elastic property.
Conventionally, some techniques for using as a conductive material such as a connector, a terminal, a relay, a switch, etc. have been disclosed, for example, in chinese patent application publication No. CN 101454468A, a brass alloy containing 15 to 40 mass% of Zn is disclosed, and in order to further improve the strength, heat resistance, stress relaxation resistance, etc. of the alloy, one or more of Sn, Ni, Si, Fe, Mn, Co, Ti, Cr, Zr, Al, and Ag may be added in a total amount of 0.01 to 5.0 mass%. However, the brass alloy has a complicated raw material composition, and is not excellent in elastic properties, which leaves room for further improvement. Therefore, it is an urgent need to develop a brass alloy conductive material with a simpler formula and better elastic properties.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a brass alloy conductive material with simple formula and excellent elastic property and a preparation method thereof. In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15 to 40 weight percent of Zn, 0.3 to 1.5 weight percent of Sn, 0.3 to 1.5 weight percent of Fe, 0.1 to 0.8 weight percent of Co, 0.1 to 0.8 weight percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.8 weight percent of Ag and the balance of Cu.
Preferably, the brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 0.3wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.1wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
Preferably, the brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
40wt% of Zn, 0.3wt% of Sn, 1.5wt% of Fe, 0.1wt% of Co, 0.8wt% of Cr, 0.1wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
Preferably, the brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
30wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 1.5wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.8wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material with high elastic modulus comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: respectively preparing raw materials for later use according to the components of the brass alloy with high elastic modulus;
(2) smelting: sequentially adding raw material Cu, raw material Zn, raw material Sn, raw material Fe, raw material Co, raw material Cr and raw material Ag into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 1180-1250 ℃, covering dry graphite powder with the thickness of 10mm, and preserving heat for 20-30 min; then casting at the temperature of 1120-;
(3) processing: the method is prepared according to the processes of hot rolling, rough rolling, annealing, intermediate rolling, annealing, pre-finish rolling, annealing, acid cleaning and finish rolling; specifically, a workpiece to be processed is firstly heated in a stepping furnace for 100-850 ℃ for 120 minutes, and then is hot rolled into a plate blank with the thickness of 3.5 m; the thicknesses of the plate blanks after rough rolling and medium rolling are respectively 2.0mm and 1.1 mm; the thicknesses of the pre-finish rolling and the plate blank after finish rolling are respectively 0.6mm and 0.5 mm; the annealing process parameters in the preparation process are as follows: the temperature is 650 plus 750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours; dilute sulfuric acid is used for acid washing.
Conventionally, in order to further improve the strength, heat resistance, stress relaxation resistance, etc. of the alloy, one or more of Sn, Ni, Si, Fe, Mn, Co, Ti, Cr, Zr, Al, and Ag may be added in a total amount of 0.01 to 5.0 mass%. However, the prior art also teaches that addition of alloying elements may lead to a decrease in conductivity, a decrease in manufacturability, an increase in raw material cost, and the like, and therefore this must be taken into consideration. When the total amount of these elements is less than 0.01 mass%, the property-improving effect is not exhibited. On the other hand, if the total amount of the above elements exceeds 5.0 mass%, the conductivity is significantly reduced. In the research on the composition and the proportion of the alloy elements, a large number of screening tests show that the brass alloy prepared by the elements with specific components according to the specific proportion has elastic performance beyond expectation. Meanwhile, the most preferable examples show that when the additive elements are 1.5wt% of Sn, 1.5wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.8wt% of Cr, and 0.8wt% of Ag, the brass alloy has the best elastic properties without causing much influence on the electrical conductivity of the brass alloy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the brass alloy conductive material has excellent elastic property and conductivity, the elastic modulus reaches 119.3Gpa, and the conductivity reaches 43% IACS; the invention is obtained by a great amount of experiments and creative labor, improves the technical scheme of the brass alloy conductive material in the prior art, has a synergistic effect on the aspect of improving the elastic property by screening the element types and adjusting the dosage proportion among the elements, still has excellent conductive performance, and is greatly beyond the expectation of the technical personnel in the field.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference will now be made to the preferred embodiments of the invention by way of example, and it is to be understood that the description is intended to illustrate further features and advantages of the invention, and not to limit the scope of the claims.
Example 1:
a brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 0.3wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.1wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: respectively preparing raw materials for later use according to the components of the brass alloy with high elastic modulus;
(2) smelting: sequentially adding raw material Cu, raw material Zn, raw material Sn, raw material Fe, raw material Co, raw material Cr and raw material Ag into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 1180-1250 ℃, covering dry graphite powder with the thickness of 10mm, and preserving heat for 20-30 min; then casting at the temperature of 1120-;
(3) processing: the method is prepared according to the processes of hot rolling, rough rolling, annealing, intermediate rolling, annealing, pre-finish rolling, annealing, acid cleaning and finish rolling; specifically, a workpiece to be processed is firstly heated in a stepping furnace for 100-850 ℃ for 120 minutes, and then is hot rolled into a plate blank with the thickness of 3.5 m; the thicknesses of the plate blanks after rough rolling and medium rolling are respectively 2.0mm and 1.1 mm; the thicknesses of the pre-finish rolling and the plate blank after finish rolling are respectively 0.6mm and 0.5 mm; the annealing process parameters in the preparation process are as follows: the temperature is 650 plus 750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours; dilute sulfuric acid is used for acid washing.
Example 2:
a brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
40wt% of Zn, 0.3wt% of Sn, 1.5wt% of Fe, 0.1wt% of Co, 0.8wt% of Cr, 0.1wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 1.
Example 3:
a brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
30wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 1.5wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.8wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1:
a brass alloy material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 0.3wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Al, 0.1wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
The brass alloy material of comparative example 1 is different from that of example 1 in that the raw material components are Al instead of Co, and other components and amounts are the same as those of example 1.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 2:
a brass alloy material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 0.3wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.1wt% of Ni, 0.8wt% of Al and the balance of Cu.
The brass alloy material of comparative example 2 is different from that of example 1 in that Ni is substituted for Cr and Al is substituted for Ag in the raw material composition, and the other components and amounts are the same as those of example 1.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 3:
a brass alloy material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 0.3wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Ni, 0.1wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
The brass alloy material of comparative example 3 is different from that of example 1 in that Ni is substituted for Co in the raw material composition, and other components and amounts are the same as those of example 1.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 4:
a brass alloy material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
15wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 0.3wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.1wt% of Al, 0.8wt% of Ni and the balance of Cu.
The brass alloy material of comparative example 4 is different from that of example 1 in that the raw material components are Al instead of Cr and Ni instead of Ag, and the other components and amounts are the same as those of example 1.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 5:
a brass alloy material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
30wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 1.5wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Ni, 0.8wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu.
The brass alloy material of comparative example 5 is different from that of example 3 in that Ni is substituted for Co in the raw material composition, and other components and amounts are the same as those of example 3.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 3.
Comparative example 6:
a brass alloy material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
30wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 1.5wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.8wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ni and the balance of Cu.
The brass alloy material of comparative example 6 is different from that of example 3 in that Ni is substituted for Ag in the raw material composition, and other components and amounts are the same as those of example 3.
The preparation method of the brass alloy material is the same as that of example 3.
The elasticity performance of the brass alloy materials prepared in the examples 1-3 of the present invention and the comparative examples 1-6 is compared:
(1) the modulus of elasticity of the brass alloy materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 6 was tested according to GB/T22315-2008 "test method for modulus of elasticity and Poisson's ratio of metallic material ".
(2) The conductivity of the brass alloy materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 of the present invention and comparative examples 1 to 6 was tested according to GB/T32791-2016 eddy current test for conductivity of copper and copper alloy.
The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Modulus of elasticity (Gpa) | Electrical conductivity (% IACS) | |
| Example 1 | 110.1 | 41 |
| Example 2 | 115.5 | 43 |
| Example 3 | 119.3 | 40 |
| Comparative example 1 | 85.4 | 38 |
| Comparative example 2 | 86.7 | 35 |
| Comparative example 3 | 89.5 | 36 |
| Comparative example 4 | 92.6 | 32 |
| Comparative example 5 | 85.1 | 34 |
| Comparative example 6 | 99.3 | 31 |
From the test results in table 1, it can be concluded that the brass alloy materials of examples 1 to 3 of the present invention all have very excellent elastic properties and conductive properties; meanwhile, through the performance influence caused by the component difference of the comparative examples 1 to 6 and the examples 1 and 3, the brass alloy material of the invention is known to have the unexpected elastic performance by the elements of the specific components according to the specific mixture ratio. Meanwhile, example 3, which is the most preferable example, shows that when the added elements are Sn 1.5wt%, Fe 1.5wt%, Co 0.8wt%, Cr 0.8wt%, and Ag 0.8wt%, the brass alloy has the best elastic properties without greatly affecting the electrical conductivity of the brass alloy, which is greatly beyond the expectation of those skilled in the art.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. That is, all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the content of the claims of the present invention should be within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The brass alloy material with high elastic modulus is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15wt% of Zn, 1.5wt% of Sn, 0.3wt% of Fe, 0.8wt% of Co, 0.1wt% of Cr, 0.8wt% of Ag and the balance of Cu, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing materials: respectively preparing raw materials for later use according to the components of the brass alloy with high elastic modulus;
(2) smelting: sequentially adding raw material Cu, raw material Zn, raw material Sn, raw material Fe, raw material Co, raw material Cr and raw material Ag into a smelting furnace for smelting at the smelting temperature of 1180-1250 ℃, covering dry graphite powder with the thickness of 10mm, and preserving heat for 20-30 min; then casting at the temperature of 1120-;
(3) processing: the method is prepared according to the processes of hot rolling, rough rolling, annealing, intermediate rolling, annealing, pre-finish rolling, annealing, acid cleaning and finish rolling; specifically, a workpiece to be processed is firstly heated in a stepping furnace for 100-850 ℃ for 120 minutes, and then is hot rolled into a plate blank with the thickness of 3.5 m; the thicknesses of the plate blanks after rough rolling and medium rolling are respectively 2.0mm and 1.1 mm; the thicknesses of the pre-finish rolling and the plate blank after finish rolling are respectively 0.6mm and 0.5 mm; the annealing process parameters in the preparation process are as follows: the temperature is 650 plus 750 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 1-2 hours; dilute sulfuric acid is used for acid washing.
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