CN109103388B

CN109103388B - Lithium ion battery system and energy consumption product

Info

Publication number: CN109103388B
Application number: CN201810845212.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李伟峰; 王贺武; 欧阳明高; 张亚军; 李成; 李建秋; 卢兰光; 韩雪冰; 杜玖玉
Original assignee: Tsinghua University
Current assignee: Tsinghua University
Priority date: 2018-07-27
Filing date: 2018-07-27
Publication date: 2024-01-05
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-27
Also published as: CN109103388A

Abstract

The application provides a lithium ion battery system and an energy consumption product. The lithium ion battery system comprises a battery box body, a box body safety valve and a lead-out structure. The battery box body surrounds and forms a battery module accommodating space. The battery module accommodating space is used for storing lithium ion battery monomers. The box body safety valve is arranged on the surface of the battery box body. The leading-out structure is connected with the box body safety valve through a pipeline. And when the lithium ion battery monomer is sprayed, a spray is generated. The export structure exports the hairspray. The lithium ion battery system can export the spray to a high temperature surface remote from the lithium ion battery cell. And the lithium ion battery system can enable the eruption to be released to the external environment, so that isolation of the high-temperature particle eruption in the eruption and the combustible mixed gas eruption in the external environment is realized.

Description

Lithium ion battery system and energy consumption product

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of power energy, in particular to a lithium ion battery system and an energy consumption product.

Background

In recent years, market share of electric automobiles is steadily increasing. Lithium ion batteries have excellent performances such as high voltage, high specific energy, long cycle life, no environmental pollution and the like, and are highly paid attention to the electric automobile industry. However, the lithium ion battery explosion process produces a flammable gas mixture. The combustible mixture accumulates inside the lithium ion battery. After the inside of the lithium ion battery reaches a certain pressure limit, the safety valve is opened, and the combustible mixed gas is released to the external environment along with the eruption of the lithium ion battery. In the process of spraying the lithium ion battery, the surface temperature of the lithium ion battery can reach about 1000 ℃ at the highest. The internal temperature of the battery core of the lithium ion battery is higher, so that the eruption often contains high-temperature particles such as sparks, and the surface temperature of the high-temperature particles is about 600-1200 ℃. Since the high temperature surface of the lithium ion battery and the high temperature particle spray temperature are much higher than the ignition temperature of the gaseous spray, once the spray is sprayed in the air and contacted with oxygen, the fire phenomenon is very easy to occur and fire is initiated. The spontaneous combustion phenomenon is easy to occur after the high-temperature combustible matters sprayed by the lithium ion battery are contacted with the air entering the lithium ion battery. In addition, even if the gaseous eruption after eruption of the lithium ion battery does not occur a fire phenomenon, if a certain amount is gradually accumulated, an explosion phenomenon may occur, and the hazard thereof will be greater. Therefore, lithium ion battery explosion is one of the potential safety hazards for causing lithium ion battery fire and even explosion accidents. Fire and explosion accidents caused by lithium ion battery explosion are frequently reported, and the safety problem becomes one of the main factors for preventing the lithium ion battery from being applied to the large-scale commercialization of the power supply industry.

The current solutions adopted in preventing lithium ion battery eruption, ignition, spontaneous combustion and even explosion focus on improving the design of hard shell lithium ion battery safety valves. Because the lithium ion battery safety valve has certain opening pressure, when the internal gas pressure of the lithium ion battery reaches a certain value, the safety valve is opened, and the internal gas of the lithium ion battery is released to the external environment, namely the explosion phenomenon of the battery is generated, so that the explosion phenomenon of the lithium ion battery is avoided. For soft-package lithium ion batteries, when the lithium ion batteries are prevented from igniting, spontaneous combustion and even explosion, the safety of the lithium ion batteries is mainly improved by reducing the local allowable pressure of the soft package. When the pressure of the gas in the soft package reaches a certain value, the soft package part with lower allowable pressure is broken by the gas to release the eruption of the lithium ion battery, namely the eruption phenomenon of the battery is avoided, and the explosion phenomenon is avoided. However, the above two methods cannot effectively inhibit the release of the particulate matters in the mixture gas into the external environment to cause the ignition of the combustible matters when the battery is sprayed, and cannot make the sprayed combustible mixture gas far away from the high-temperature surface of the battery.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the above, it is necessary to provide a lithium ion battery system and an energy consumption product for solving the problems that in the prior art, high-temperature particulate matters cannot be effectively prevented from entering the external environment to cause fire disaster, and the sprayed combustible mixed gas cannot be far away from the high-temperature surface of the battery in the process of spraying the lithium ion battery.

A lithium ion battery system comprising:

the battery box body surrounds and forms a battery module accommodating space and is provided with a battery box body air outlet;

the box body safety valve is arranged at the air outlet of the battery box body;

the guiding device is connected with the box body safety valve through a pipeline; and

and the gas dilution structure is arranged in the guiding-out structure.

In one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system further comprises:

at least one battery module, is accommodated in the battery module accommodating space;

at least one second check valve is arranged on the surface of the battery module, and the second check valve is used for controlling the direction of educing the eruption.

In one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system further comprises:

the battery module exports thing and gathers structure, set up in the battery module accommodation space, and with at least one second check valve passes through the pipe connection, will at least one second check valve with battery box gas outlet intercommunication.

In one embodiment, the battery module further includes: the battery module shell surrounds a lithium ion battery accommodating space and is provided with a battery module shell air outlet, and the second one-way valve is arranged at the battery module shell air outlet;

a plurality of lithium ion battery cells accommodated in the lithium ion battery accommodation space;

and each third one-way valve is arranged on the surface of the lithium ion battery monomer and used for guiding out the eruption generated by thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery monomer in a one-way.

In one embodiment, the battery module further includes:

and the lithium ion battery exports are gathered into a structure, are arranged in the storage space of the lithium ion battery, are communicated with the third check valves through pipelines, and are used for communicating the third check valves with the air outlet of the battery module shell.

In one embodiment, the export structure comprises:

the guide pipe is provided with an input end and an output end, and the input end is fixedly connected with the box body safety valve.

In one embodiment, the gas dilution structure comprises:

the concentration detection sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the catheter;

the dilution gas storage bag is arranged on the inner wall of the conduit; and

and the automatic switch is arranged at the opening of the dilution gas storage bag.

In one embodiment, the export structure further comprises:

the first one-way valve is fixedly arranged between the input end and the box body safety valve, and enables the eruption in the battery box body to be discharged to the output end in a one-way mode.

In one embodiment, the export structure further comprises:

and the exhaust fan is arranged at the output end and used for assisting in controlling the eruption to be discharged to the output end in one direction.

An energy consuming product employing a lithium ion battery system as described in any one of the preceding claims.

The application provides a lithium ion battery system and an energy consumption product. The lithium ion battery system comprises a battery box body, a box body safety valve and a lead-out structure. The battery box body surrounds and forms a battery module accommodating space. The battery module accommodating space is used for storing lithium ion battery monomers. The box body safety valve is arranged on the surface of the battery box body. The leading-out structure is connected with the box body safety valve through a pipeline. And when the lithium ion battery monomer is sprayed, a spray is generated. The export structure exports the hairspray. The lithium ion battery system can lead out the eruption to a high-temperature surface far away from the lithium ion battery monomer, and the lithium ion battery system can enable the eruption to be released to the external environment, so that isolation of the high-temperature particle eruption and the combustible mixed gas eruption in the external environment is realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B in FIG. 5;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 8;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along line E-E of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 is a further cross-sectional view taken along line E-E in FIG. 11;

FIG. 14 is a further cross-sectional view taken along line E-E in FIG. 11;

fig. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of the lithium ion battery system according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals illustrate:

lithium ion battery system 100

Lithium ion battery cell 10

Battery cell safety valve 11

Battery module 20

Battery module case 21

Lithium ion battery accommodation space 22

Battery module safety valve 23

Battery module housing air outlet 202

Battery box 30

Battery module storage space 31

Box safety valve 32

Battery box air outlet 302

Export structure 40

Second one-way valve 401

Battery module lead-out material collecting structure 42

Third one-way valve 403

Lithium ion battery lead-out collecting structure 44

Catheter 410

Input terminal 411

Output end 412

First check valve 420

Exhaust fan 430

Solid deposition structure 50

Particle trap chamber 510

Liquid injection port 520

Liquid drain 530

Gas dilution structure 60

Concentration detection sensor 610

Dilution gas storage pack 620

Automatic switch 630

Barrier absorbent structure 70

Baffle ring 710

Hole 711

Baffle 712

Baffle plate 720

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment a lithium ion battery system 100 is provided that includes a battery housing 30, a housing safety valve 32, and a lead-out structure 40. The battery case 30 encloses a battery module receiving space 31. One or more lithium ion battery cells 10 or lithium ion battery modules are stored in the battery module receiving space 31. The surface of the battery box 30 is provided with a battery box air outlet 302. The tank safety valve 32 is disposed at the battery tank air outlet 302. The lead-out structure 40 is connected with the tank safety valve 32 through a pipeline. The lead-out structure 40 is used for leading out the eruption generated in the eruption process when the lithium ion battery cell 10 in the battery box 30. The lithium ion battery cell 10 is provided with a cell safety valve 11 as shown in fig. 1. When the lithium ion battery cell 10 is subjected to a battery burst phenomenon, the burst breaks through the battery cell safety valve 11. The lithium ion battery cell 10 in the lithium ion battery system 100 may be a hard shell lithium ion battery, or may be a soft package lithium ion battery or a square shell lithium ion battery. When the lithium ion battery cell 10 is a soft pack battery, the battery cell safety valve 11 may not exist, and the installation position of the lead-out structure 40 may be automatically designed according to the spatial layout of the lithium ion battery system 100.

Specifically, the battery case 30 has the battery module accommodating space 31. The lithium ion battery cell 10 is disposed in the battery module accommodating space 31. A plurality of lithium ion battery cells 10 may be disposed in the battery case 30. A plurality of lithium ion battery cells 10 may be connected in series-parallel. The case safety valve 32 is provided on the surface of the battery case 30. When the concentration of the spray in the battery box 30 is high, the pressure in the battery box 30 may exceed its tolerance. The tank relief valve 32 is now open. The tank safety valve 32 is connected to the outlet structure 40 via a line. The lead-out structure 40 may expel the spray.

In this embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 may lead out the eruption to a high temperature surface far away from the lithium ion battery cell 10, and the lithium ion battery system 100 may enable the eruption to be released into an external environment, when the direction of airflow of the eruption changes along with the lead-out structure 40, the particle eruption is larger than the gas eruption due to inertia, and is solid, so that the particle eruption collides with the lead-out structure 40, consumes energy of solid particles, and is deposited to the bottom of the lead-out structure 40 under the action of gravity, and meanwhile, the gaseous eruption is discharged into the external environment along with the lead-out structure 40 under the action of pressure, so that the isolation of the high temperature particles in the eruption and the combustible mixture of the lithium ion battery cell 10 is realized.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 further includes a solid deposition structure 50. The solid deposition structure 50 is connected to the lead-out structure 40 by a pipeline. The solid deposition structure 50 is used to deposit solid bursts during the burst of the lithium ion battery cell 10. The shape, structure and expression form of the solid deposition structure 50 are not limited, and only a part or all of the solid particles generated during the firing process of the lithium ion battery cell 10 may be deposited.

In this embodiment, in the lithium ion battery system 100, the lead-out structure 40 is connected to the case safety valve 32 through a pipe. The solid deposition structure 50 is connected to the lead-out structure 40 by a pipeline. When the lithium ion battery cell 10 in the battery case 30 has a eruption phenomenon, the eduction structure 40 educes the eruption. The solids deposition structure 50 can deposit the outgoing solids burst. The solid deposition structure 50 may further reduce the number and variety of the eruptions transmitted by the lead-out structure 40, and reduce the surface temperature of the lithium ion battery cell 10 where the eruption occurs. In addition, the lithium ion battery system 100 can deposit the led-out solid eruption, so as to isolate the high-temperature particles in the eruption from the combustible gas mixture of the lithium ion battery cell 10.

In one embodiment, the solid deposition structure 50 includes a particle trap chamber 510. The particle catch chamber 510 is used to hold a liquid that captures particles in the spray. In a specific embodiment, the liquid may be water or other soluble organic matter. Specifically, the liquid may be different liquids selected by those skilled in the art according to the type of the eruption generated when the lithium ion battery generates the eruption phenomenon. The size of the particle trap chamber 510 may be designed according to the number of the lithium ion battery cells 10 in the lithium ion battery system 100.

For example, in one embodiment, the lead-out structure 40 may be configured as an S-shaped conduit. One end of the S-shaped pipeline is connected with the safety valve of the lithium ion battery cell 10 through the box safety valve 32 and other pipelines. The bottom end of the S-shaped pipe portion bent portion may be provided with the particle trap chamber 510. The particle trap chamber 510 may store water. In another embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 may include only the lithium ion battery cell 10 and the lead-out structure 40. The direct design of the particle trap chamber 510 in the lead-out structure 40 of one lithium ion battery cell 10 can be applied to a small-sized lithium ion battery system 100.

In this embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 may keep the spray away from the high temperature surface of the lithium ion battery cell 10, so as to reduce the damage caused by the spray of the lithium ion battery cell 10, and even cause the thermal runaway of the battery or the possibility of the thermal runaway of the battery spreading or catching fire. In this embodiment, the lithium ion battery cell 10 in the lithium ion battery system 100 may be a hard shell lithium ion battery, or may be a soft package lithium ion battery or a square shell lithium ion battery.

As another example, in one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 may include a plurality of the lithium ion battery cells 10. The pipelines of a plurality of lithium ion battery cells 10 are integrated on one ventilation manifold, and the plurality of eruptions are led out integrally. Meanwhile, the number of the loops of the S-shaped pipeline can be increased according to the actual situation by the pipelines connected with the lithium ion battery cells 10. Or to extend the length of the tubing appropriately to facilitate deployment. Such as: the lithium ion battery cell 10 includes a one-way valve (such as 403 in fig. 15). When one or more of the lithium ion battery cells 10 is about to or has erupted. The eruption builds up to a certain pressure inside the lithium ion battery cell 10. When the accumulated pressure exceeds the pressure limit of the safety valve of the lithium ion battery cell 10, the safety valve is opened, and the eruption enters the S-shaped pipeline. The bursts may include solid bursts and/or gaseous bursts. Under the action of inertial force and gravity, when the spray flows through the bottom of the S-shaped pipeline, part of the spray dives to the water surface of the particle capturing chamber 510 and contacts with the water to generate heat exchange. The solid spray of the lithium ion battery cell 10 cannot rise again from the water surface due to the large mass. And the gas eruption generated by the lithium ion battery cell 10 continues to rise along the S-shaped pipeline. After undergoing several times the S-pipe loop, the burst flows into the pipe and is released along the pipe to a high temperature surface remote from the lithium ion battery cell 10.

In one embodiment, the solid deposition structure 50 further includes a fill port 520 and a drain port 530.

The liquid injection port 520 communicates with the particle trap chamber 510. The liquid drain 530 is disposed at a predetermined position of the particle trap chamber 510. For example, the drain 530 may be located at a security guard of the particle trap chamber 510. The liquid injection port 520 is used for injecting liquid into the particle trap chamber 510. The drain 530 is used to drain the liquid stored in the particle trap chamber 510 when the liquid in the particle trap chamber 510 exceeds the alert. The liquid discharged from the liquid discharge port 530 is a liquid that absorbs the solid burst of the lithium ion battery cell 10. Specifically, when solid particles during the spraying collide with the wall surface of the particle capturing chamber 510, the solid particles are also deposited at the bottom of the particle capturing chamber 510 due to the action of gravity, so that the solid particles cannot continuously rise with the gaseous spraying material.

In this embodiment, the liquid injection port 520 and the liquid discharge port 530 are provided to make the structure of the solid deposition structure 50 more complete. The solid deposition structure 50 functions more fully. The solid deposition structure 50 is more autonomous in achieving particle trapping. After the lithium ion battery cell 10 is sprayed once, the liquid filling port 520 and the liquid draining port 530 can perform the functions of cleaning and refilling the liquid in the particle capturing chamber 510. The design of the solid deposition structure 50 also allows for recycling of the lithium ion battery system 100.

Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 further includes a gas dilution structure 60. The gas dilution structure 60 is disposed within the lead-out structure 40. The gas dilution structure 60 is used to dilute the gas bursts of the bursts.

In this embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 combines the lead-out structure 40 with the gas dilution structure 60. The lead-out structure 40 can lead out the spray to a high temperature surface remote from the lithium ion battery cell 10. The gas dilution structure 60 can dilute the gaseous material in the spray to reduce the chance of the spray burning. And the lithium ion battery system 100 can enable the combustible mixture in the spray to be far away from the lithium ion battery cell 10 when the spray is released to the external environment.

In one embodiment, the gas dilution structure 60 includes a concentration detection sensor 610, a dilution gas storage pack 620, and an automatic switch 630.

The concentration detection sensor 610 is provided on the inner wall of the guide pipe 410. The diluent gas storage pack 620 is disposed on the inner wall of the conduit 410. The automatic switch 630 is disposed at the opening of the diluent gas storage pack 620. In this embodiment, the concentration detection sensor 610 may detect the concentration level of certain gases in the lead-out structure 40. The automatic switch 630 may be a mechanical switch or an electronic switch. When the automatic switch 630 is an electronic switch, the gas dilution structure 60 may also include a controller. The controller is electrically connected to the concentration detection sensor 610. The automatic switch 630 is triggered when a certain gas concentration level in the lead-out structure 40 exceeds a standard. The diluent gas storage pack 620 is opened to release diluent gas to the lead-out structure 40. The dilution gas storage pack 620 may be configured to store high pressure gas, or may be configured autonomously as desired. The diluent gas storage package 620 may store, for example, CO ₂ 、N ₂ Ar or other non-toxic and non-flammable inert gas is used as the diluent gas. The dilution and thermal effects of the dilution gas are applied to alter the firing limit and temperature of the spray, thereby reducing the flammability of the spray.

Referring to fig. 5-14, in one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 further includes a barrier absorber structure 70. The blocking absorbent structure 70 is fixedly connected to the lead-out structure 40. The blocking absorbent structure 70 is used to effect a collision with the spray to consume energy of the spray such that the temperature of the spray is reduced.

Referring to fig. 5-7, the barrier absorbent structure 70 includes a plurality of barrier rings 710. The plurality of blocking rings 710 are spaced apart from the inner wall of the guide tube 410. The number of the specific blocking rings 710 may be changed according to actual requirements.

In this embodiment, the structure of the lithium ion battery system 100 may refer to fig. 5. The specific structure and shape of the blocking ring 710 can be seen in fig. 6 and 7. When one or more of the lithium ion battery cells 10 in the lithium ion battery system 100 burst, the burst accumulates to a certain pressure inside the lithium ion battery cell 10 and exceeds the pressure limit of the lithium ion battery cell safety valve. The safety valve of the lithium ion battery cell 10 is opened, and the spray enters another exhaust pipeline or a fixed collecting device through the safety valve of the lithium ion battery cell and the pipeline (the pipeline may be a U-shaped pipe) of the guiding-out structure 40 in sequence. Since a plurality of the blocking rings 710 are spaced apart from the inner wall of the guide tube 410. The blocker rings 710 of fig. 6 and 7 may be spaced to substantially alter the delivery path of the bursts. When the spray flows past the blocker ring 710, the temperature of the high-temperature and high-pressure spray may be reduced due to a change in the transfer passage. While under the influence of inertia, part of the solid spray cannot rise with the gaseous spray to the next said blocking ring 710. After undergoing several passes with the blocker ring 710, the spray exits the delivery device 40 and is released to a high temperature surface remote from the lithium ion battery cell 10.

Referring to fig. 8-10, in one embodiment, the blocking areas of the plurality of blocking rings 710 are different from one another, and the spray passes through the blocking ring 710 having a smaller blocking area.

In this embodiment, the blocking ring 710 shown in fig. 9 includes a hole 711 and a baffle 712. Only the holes 711 are included in the blocker ring 710 as shown in fig. 10. It can thus be seen that the blocking area of the blocking ring 710 in fig. 9 is greater than the blocking area of the blocking ring 710 in fig. 10. The reduction of the blocking area may also be achieved by the size of the void 711. In this embodiment, in the direction from the input end 411 to the output end 412 of the catheter 410, the blocking rings 710 having sequentially decreasing blocking areas may be provided. The arrangement in this embodiment allows the energy of the spray to be reduced slowly, even by filtering out larger particles from the spray through the smallest diameter of the hollow 711. Other embodiments of the present application may not be limited to the structure of the blocker ring 710 as described in fig. 9 and 10.

Referring to fig. 11-14, in one embodiment, the barrier absorbent structure 70 includes a plurality of barrier ribs 720. The plurality of blocking spacers 720 are disposed at intervals on the inner wall of the guide duct 410.

In this embodiment, the structure of the lithium ion battery system 100 may refer to fig. 11. The specific structure and shape of the blocking baffle 720 can be seen in fig. 12 and 14. Of course, the structure of the blocking baffle 720 may be other structures not shown in the drawings. When the lithium ion battery cell 10 erupts, the erupted material is led out through the pipeline of the leading-out structure 40. Since a plurality of the blocking spacers 720 are disposed at the middle of the guide duct 410. When the spray flows through the blocking partitions 720, the high-temperature and high-pressure spray collides with a plurality of the blocking partitions 720. Such collisions may consume energy from the spray, which may reduce the temperature of the spray. While under the influence of inertia, a portion of the solid spray cannot rise with the gaseous spray to the next barrier 720. After undergoing several collisions with the blocking baffle 720, the spray flows out of the delivery device 40 and is released to a high temperature surface remote from the lithium ion battery cell 10.

In one embodiment, the lead-out structure 40 includes a catheter 410. The conduit 410 has an input 411 and an output 412. The input end 411 is fixedly connected with the box body safety valve 32.

In this embodiment, the material, structure and specific dimensions of the catheter 410 are not particularly limited. The lead-out structure 40 allows for collection and centralized processing of the bursts of lithium ion battery cells 10 through the conduit 410. The conduit 410 has a simple structure and is easy to implement, and the conduit 410 enables the spray to be smoothly guided out to a high-temperature surface far from the lithium ion battery cell 10.

In one embodiment, the conduit 410 is a U-shaped conduit, a W-shaped conduit, or a zig-zag conduit. For example, in fig. 1, the conduit 410 is a U-shaped pipe. In one embodiment, the conduit 410 is an S-shaped tubing. The conduit 410 is a zigzag line of broken lines in fig. 3. The conduit 410 is shown in figure 3 as a broken line W-shaped conduit. In another embodiment, the conduit 410 may be bendable, and a solid deposition structure may be provided at each bend. The eruption generated by eruption of the lithium ion battery cell 10 may be partially absorbed by the solid deposition structure. The burst may reduce some of the high temperature material per pass at the bend of the conduit 410. The conduit 410 keeps the spray away from the high temperature surface of the lithium ion battery cell 10. And the conduit 410 may enable isolation of the high temperature sparks in the burst from the lithium ion battery cell 10 when the burst is released to the external environment. The conduit 410 may prevent the lithium ion battery cell 10 from causing thermal runaway or even thermal runaway propagation of other lithium ion battery cells 10 after the lithium ion battery cell 10 is sprayed, and may further prevent the thermal runaway propagation of the lithium ion battery system 100.

In one embodiment, the conduit 410 may be made of a material that is resistant to high temperatures, such that the conduit 410 is capable of withstanding the high temperatures and pressures of the spray. For example, the conduit 410 may have a wall thickness of 3mm to 10mm. The inner diameter of the catheter 410 ranges from 2mm to 5mm.

In one embodiment, the conduit 410 is provided with an inner surface having an adsorption and a concave-convex distribution. In particular, a fluff-like structure may be provided on the inner surface of the conduit 410 for adsorbing the hair spray. The inner surface of the guide tube 410 with concave-convex distribution can also play a role in directional guiding of high-temperature and high-pressure eruption, and can also enable the eruption to be far away from the high-temperature surface of the lithium ion battery cell 10.

In this embodiment, the catheter 410 may be configured in various manners. The specific structure and material of the catheter 410 are not particularly limited. The conduit 410 of the lead-out structure 40 may be oriented to direct the spray in a directional motion. The conduit 410 is fixedly connected with the tank safety valve 32. When the high-temperature and high-pressure spray in the battery case 30 is accumulated to some extent, the case safety valve 32 is opened. High temperature, high pressure spray passes through the tank relief valve 32 and into the conduit 410. The conduit 410 has a simple structure and is easy to implement, and the conduit 410 enables the spray to be smoothly guided out to a high-temperature surface far from the lithium ion battery cell 10.

Referring to fig. 15 and 16, in one embodiment, the lead-out structure 40 further includes a first check valve 420. The first check valve 420 is fixedly disposed between the input end 411 and the tank safety valve 32. When the lithium ion battery cell 10 in the battery box 30 bursts, the burst is discharged in one direction to the output end 412. In this embodiment, the battery module case 21 has a battery module case air outlet 202. The battery module safety valve 23 is disposed at the battery module case air outlet 202.

In this embodiment, if the lithium ion battery system 100 is in a severe environment, for example, the environment is more pressurized than when the lithium ion battery cell 10 is erupted. The spray may flow back to the surface of the lithium ion battery cell 10 at high temperature. Or the spray may flow back to the surface of the battery box 30. In this embodiment, the first check valve 420 is provided to effectively prevent the eruption from flowing back to the high-temperature surface of the lithium ion battery cell 10. The lithium ion battery system 100 in this embodiment can more effectively prevent the spread of eruption.

In one embodiment, the guiding-out structure 40 further comprises an exhaust fan 430. The exhaust fan 430 is disposed at the output end 412. When the lithium ion battery cell 10 bursts, the exhaust fan 430 may assist in controlling the flow direction of the burst of the lithium ion battery cell 10 to the output end 412.

In this embodiment, the exhaust fan 430 may provide a low pressure environment, so that the eruption in the conduit 410 may be smoothly guided out to a relatively safe environment. In the lithium ion battery system 100 of this embodiment, the exhaust fan 430 is disposed at the outlet (or the output end 412) of the guiding-out structure 40, so as to further ensure that the high-temperature and high-pressure eruption can be smoothly guided out when the lithium ion battery cell 10 erupts. The exhaust fan 430 may keep the spray away from the high temperature surface of the lithium ion battery cell 10, preventing thermal runaway propagation of the lithium ion battery system 100.

Referring to fig. 15 and 16, in one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 further includes a plurality of battery modules 20. The plurality of battery modules 20 are accommodated in the battery module accommodating space 31. In fig. 15 and 16, the case of including the solid deposition structure 50 and the blocking absorbing structure 70 in the lithium ion battery system 100 is shown, respectively. It will be appreciated that the lithium ion battery system 100 may also include any combination of features of any of the embodiments described above. For example, the solid deposition structure 50, the gas dilution structure 60, or the barrier absorber structure 70 may be provided in all of the conduits 410 shown in fig. 16, depending on design requirements.

The battery module 20 includes a battery module case 21. The battery module housing 21 defines a lithium ion battery cell housing space 22. A plurality of lithium ion battery cells 10 are accommodated in the lithium ion battery cell accommodation space 22.

In this embodiment, the battery case 30 may include a plurality of the battery modules 20 therein. Each of the battery modules 20 may include a plurality of the lithium ion battery cells 10 therein. Specifically, the number of the lithium ion battery cells 10 included in the battery case 30, the number of the battery modules 20, and the number of the lithium ion battery cells 10 included in each battery module 20 may be selected and set according to different application scenarios of the lithium ion battery system 100. For example, when the lithium ion battery system 100 is applied to the aerospace field, the lithium ion battery system 100 may include a plurality of the battery cases 30. Each of the battery cases 30 may include a plurality of the battery modules 20 therein. Further, a plurality of lithium ion battery cells 10 may be included in each of the battery modules 20. The battery case 30 may be provided with the lithium ion battery cells 10 and the battery modules 20 alone, and may be arranged in parallel.

In one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 further includes a battery module lead-out pooling structure 42.

One end of the battery module lead-out collecting structure 42 is connected with the case safety valve 32 through a pipe. The other end of the battery module lead-out collecting structure 42 is connected with each of the battery modules 20 through a pipe.

In this embodiment, the configuration of the battery module lead-out collecting structure 42 makes the structure of the lithium ion battery system 100 more perfect. The battery module eduction collecting structure 42 is arranged in the lithium ion battery system 100, so that the process of educing the eruption is simpler and the eduction efficiency is higher.

In one embodiment, the lithium ion battery system 100 further includes a lithium ion battery lead-out pooling structure 44.

One end of the lithium ion battery lead-out material collecting structure 44 is connected with the battery module lead-out material collecting structure 42 through a pipeline. Or one end of the lithium ion battery derivative collecting structure 44 is directly connected with the box body safety valve 32 through a pipeline. The other end of the lithium ion battery derivative collecting structure 44 is connected with each lithium ion battery cell 10 through a pipeline.

In this embodiment, the lithium ion battery lead-out collecting structure 44 is configured such that each of the eruptions may be transferred to the battery module lead-out collecting structure 42 through a lead-out and collecting process. The bursts are further collected, exported, or otherwise processed via the battery module offtake collection structure 42. The lithium ion battery system 100 in this embodiment has a more perfect structure, and the process of deriving the eruption is simpler and the derivation efficiency is higher.

In one embodiment, there is provided an energy consuming product comprising the lithium ion battery system 100 of any of the above. The energy consuming product may be applied to a vehicle, aviation, marine, naval vessel, or other energy storage device. The energy consumption product of the lithium ion battery system 100 can effectively prevent the thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery cell 10 from spreading. The lithium ion battery system 100 has a simple structure and is easy to realize, and technical assurance can be provided for improving fire safety of the lithium ion battery.

The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.

The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.

Claims

1. A lithium ion battery system, comprising:

a battery case (30) surrounding a battery module accommodating space (31) and having a battery case air outlet (302);

the box body safety valve (32) is arranged at the air outlet (302) of the battery box body;

the guiding-out structure (40) comprises a guide pipe (410) and a first one-way valve (420), wherein the guide pipe (410) is provided with an input end (411) and an output end (412), and the input end (411) is fixedly connected with the box body safety valve (32); the first one-way valve (420) is fixedly arranged between the input end (411) and the box body safety valve (32) and enables the eruption in the battery box body (30) to be discharged to the output end (412) in one direction;

a gas dilution structure (60) disposed in the lead-out structure (40) and including a concentration detection sensor (610), a dilution gas storage pack (620), and an automatic switch (630), wherein the concentration detection sensor (610) is disposed on an inner wall of the conduit (410); the dilution gas storage pack (620) is provided on the inner wall of the conduit (410); the automatic switch (630) is arranged at the opening of the diluent gas storage pack (620);

at least one battery module (20) housed in the battery module housing space (31);

at least one second one-way valve (401) arranged on the surface of the battery module (20), wherein the second one-way valve (401) is used for controlling the direction of leading out the eruption; and

and the battery module exporter collecting structure (42) is arranged in the battery module accommodating space (31) and is connected with the at least one second one-way valve (401) through a pipeline, so that the at least one second one-way valve (401) is communicated with the battery box body air outlet (302).

2. The lithium-ion battery system according to claim 1, wherein the battery module (20) further comprises: a battery module housing (21) surrounding a lithium ion battery housing space (22) and having a battery module housing air outlet (202), the second check valve (401) being provided at the battery module housing air outlet (202);

a plurality of lithium ion battery cells (10) housed in the lithium ion battery housing space (22);

and each third one-way valve (403) is arranged on the surface of the lithium ion battery cell (10) and is used for guiding out the eruption generated by thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery cell (10) in one direction.

3. The lithium-ion battery system according to claim 2, wherein the battery module (20) further comprises:

and the lithium ion battery derivative collecting structure (44) is arranged in the lithium ion battery accommodating space (22) and is communicated with the third check valves (403) through pipelines, and the lithium ion battery derivative collecting structure is used for communicating the third check valves (403) with the air outlet (202) of the battery module shell.

4. The lithium-ion battery system according to claim 1, wherein the lead-out structure (40) further comprises:

and the exhaust fan (430) is arranged at the output end (412) and is used for assisting in controlling the one-way discharge of the eruption to the output end (412).

5. The lithium-ion battery system of claim 1, further comprising:

and the solid deposition structure (50) is connected with the guide-out structure (40) through a pipeline and is used for depositing solid eruption in the eruption process.

6. The lithium-ion battery system of claim 1, wherein the automatic switch (630) is a mechanical switch or an electronic switch.

7. The lithium-ion battery system of claim 6, wherein in the case where the automatic switch (630) is an electronic switch, the gas dilution structure (60) further comprises a controller electrically connected to the concentration detection sensor (610).

8. The lithium-ion battery system of claim 1, wherein the gas in the diluent gas storage pack (620) is an inert gas.

9. The lithium-ion battery system of claim 1, further comprising:

and the blocking absorption structure (70) is fixedly connected with the guiding-out structure (40) and is used for realizing collision with the eruption so as to consume the energy of the eruption and reduce the temperature of the eruption.

10. Energy consuming product, characterized in that a lithium ion battery system according to any of claims 1-9 is applied.