CN109100175A - A kind of spot sampling method of surface water - Google Patents
A kind of spot sampling method of surface water Download PDFInfo
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- CN109100175A CN109100175A CN201810914177.0A CN201810914177A CN109100175A CN 109100175 A CN109100175 A CN 109100175A CN 201810914177 A CN201810914177 A CN 201810914177A CN 109100175 A CN109100175 A CN 109100175A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/34—Purifying; Cleaning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of spot sampling methods of surface water, comprising: step 1, spot sampling operating area subregion forms multiple operation subregions；Step 2, safe stake is set, places sampling apparatus in each operation subregion；Step 3, it enables the first sample-grabber register and photographing operation, enables the second sample-grabber carry out the operation such as water sampling, then settled and be centrifuged；Step 4, it enables the first sample-grabber detect pH, the dissolved oxygen etc. of water sample, enables the second sample-grabber carry out heavy metal and filter the operation such as operation；By water sample loaded in multiple sampling bottles；Step 5, it enables the first sample-grabber that fixative is added into sampling bottle and carries out character description；It enables the second sample-grabber carry out the operation of bottleneck plastic packaging, and carries out checking vanning and the operation of joint sealing joint strip；Then the first sample-grabber is enabled to upload related data.Spot sampling method provided by the invention can effectively reduce operation error, have outstanding advantages of sampling process orderliness is clear, intuitive effective, high-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to surface water sampling technique fields, specifically for, the present invention relates to a kind of scenes of surface water
The method of sampling.
Background technique
Currently, reconnaissance separation be section water sampling to be examined and analysis test job are transferred to not commensurate undertake,
To change existing possession monitoring pattern, linked up with from mechanism with shareholder.After unified developing implementation plans, the third-party institution
It is sampled according to unified technical specification, is sent at random after being mixed to water sample encryption to each assay laboratory, assay laboratory
Water sample is analyzed, primary monitoring data, which direct transfers, monitors master station, shared with place in time after completing data summarization audit.
Above-mentioned reconnaissance separation process can be summarized as: formulating and publication reconnaissance separation plan, establishment sampling plan and analytical plan, sample are adopted
Collection, sample mixing and Refrigerated Transport, sample, sample interior circulation, sample analysis, data are audited and are reported and submitted, data decode
Audit and the links such as shared.In above-mentioned reconnaissance separation process, it is subsequent work that sample acquisition link, which plays a crucial role,
The basis of work.But there are still following problems for existing collection in worksite process.
(1) rely on the experience of sample-grabber overweight: since spot sampling process is unreasonable, general sample-grabber not only works
Low efficiency, sampling time are long, and are easy to appear operation error, even if veteran sample-grabber, above-mentioned ask also inevitably occur
Topic.
(2) tacit agreement between sample-grabber is poor: due to carrying out unified training to sample-grabber, each sample-grabber being made to have sampling
Ability to work, still, unreasonable, the tacit property that often occurs dividing the work when actually carrying out spot sampling, between sample-grabber is poor, Communicating
The problems such as poor, and then lead to problems such as sampling operation easily slip, low efficiency, even two sample-grabbers of collocation for a long time,
It still can not thoroughly solve the problems, such as this.
Therefore, how to be effectively prevented from the dependence to sample-grabber's experience, improve the work tacit agreement journey between sample-grabber
Degree, the emphasis for becoming those skilled in the art's technical problem urgently to be resolved and studying always.
Summary of the invention
For solve existing for existing collection in worksite process between sample-grabber's experience it is excessive rely on, sample-grabber tacit agreement it is poor,
The problems such as working efficiency is lower, the sampling time is longer, present invention innovation provides a kind of spot sampling method of surface water, from sky
Two dimensions of intersexuality and timeliness optimize spot sampling process, are clearly and software by two sample-grabber's divisions of duty
APP it is relevant operation and operation relevant to water sampling, make efficiently to share out the work and help one another between sample-grabber, to field instruments into
Row reasonable layout, to efficiently solve problems existing in the prior art.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the invention discloses a kind of spot sampling method of surface water, the spot sampling sides
Method includes the following steps:
Step 1, subregion is carried out to spot sampling operating area, to form multiple operation subregions；
Step 2, safe stake is set, then respectively correspondingly places spot sampling device in each operation subregion；
Step 3, it enables the first sample-grabber register and photographing operation, measures river width with the second sample-grabber of season, surveys
Amount river is deep, acquisition water sample operates, and then the water sample of acquisition is settled and is centrifuged；
Step 4, during sedimentation and centrifugation, the first sample-grabber is enabled to detect pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and the water of water sample
Temperature successively carries out heavy metal with the second sample-grabber of season and filters operation and petroleum-type sampling operation；Then it is dispensed by siphon
Mode is by water sample loaded in multiple sampling bottles；
Step 5, it enables the first sample-grabber be separately added into fixative into the multiple sampling bottle and carries out character description；Enable
Two sample-grabbers carry out the operation of bottleneck plastic packaging to the sampling bottle after fixative is added, and carry out checking vanning to the sampling bottle after plastic packaging
It is operated with joint sealing joint strip；Then the first sample-grabber is enabled to upload field measurement data and spot sampling data.
Based on above-mentioned technical solution, designed by sharing out the work and helping one another for sample-grabber with the orderliness of spot sampling process, this hair
It is bright that the spot sampling method of surface water is optimized from the overall situation, make spot sampling operation it is clear it is bright and clear, work efficiency is high,
To efficiently solve problems of the existing technology.
Further, in step 1, after spot sampling operating area subregion, multiple operation subregions of formation are respectively as follows:
Safety buffer zone, sedimentation filtration area, is fixed agent area and waste rest area at instrument and equipment area；The safety buffer zone is for putting
Safe stake is set, the instrument and equipment area is described to settle for placing hydrophore, petroleum-type sampler, tool box and instrument container
Filter area is for placing settling vat, centrifuge, nutsch filter and filter screen, and the agent area that is fixed is for placing fixative case and heat preservation
Case, the waste rest area is for placing waste liquid barrel and refuse bag.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention can centered on sample-grabber, around its lay safety buffer zone,
Instrument and equipment area, sedimentation filtration area are fixed agent area and waste rest area, so that sample-grabber is made to put instrument and equipment on demand, into
And make execute-in-place more smoothly, more have conditioning.
Further, multiple operation subregions are arranged in a manner of line-styled or "L" shaped or " Jiong " font.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention innovatively plans as a whole layout from spatiality and timeliness orderliness changes
Into, put instrument and equipment by the region of division, specify spot sampling operation order, make spot sampling process have of overall importance and item
Rationality, so as to efficiently solve sample-grabber's operation error or omit the problems such as.
Further, in step 1, when carrying out spot sampling operating area subregion, be also provided with one for set up note
The camera shooting for recording instrument records point, and the recorder is used for monitoring field sampling process；
In step 5, further include the steps that the first sample-grabber is enabled to upload field monitoring data.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention innovatively carries out complete monitoring to the sampling process at scene, to protect
It is traceable to demonstrate,prove sampling operation, and then ensures that sampled result is errorless.
Further, in step 2, safety stake is set to away from sedimentation filtration area at least 10 meters, and sampling vehicle is parked
Between the sedimentation filtration area and the safe stake.
Based on above-mentioned improved technical solution, the present invention can not only prompt (carrying out sample man herein by safety stake
Make), but also more one layer of safe buffering can be played the role of by sampling vehicle, and then guarantee spot sampling work it is smooth into
Row, avoids interference of the extraneous factor to spot sampling process.
It further, further include being carried out to water sample before the water sample of acquisition is settled and is centrifuged in step 3
The step of filter.
It further, further include that school is carried out to measuring device before the second sample-grabber measures operation in step 3
Quasi- step；
In step 5, further include the steps that enabling first sample-grabber's uploading device calibration data.
Further, the spot sampling data include scene photograph information, on-site test indication information, fixative addition
Information and character description information.
Further, the tool box is for placing Sai Shi disk, positioning device, rangefinder, sounding instrument, ear washing bulb, silica gel
Pipe and gloves.
Further, the instrument container is for placing thermometer, pH meter, salinometer, dissolved oxygen instrument, conductivity meter and calibration
Equipment.
The invention has the benefit that spot sampling method provided by the invention can effectively reduce or even avoid sample-grabber
Operation error has outstanding advantages of sampling process orderliness is clear, intuitive effective, high-efficient.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram of the spot sampling method of surface water.
Fig. 2 is spot sampling operation division of labor time diagram.
Specific embodiment
Detailed explanation and illustration is carried out to the spot sampling method of surface water of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present embodiment specifically discloses a kind of spot sampling method of surface water, from spatiality and time
Two dimensions of property have carried out Standardization to the spot sampling of surface water.Specifically, which includes as follows
Step.
Step 1, subregion is carried out to spot sampling operating area, to form multiple operation subregions；In the present embodiment, will
After spot sampling operating area subregion, multiple operation subregions of formation are respectively as follows: safety buffer zone, instrument and equipment area, sedimentation
Filtering area is fixed agent area and waste rest area；In addition, the present invention is also set up when carrying out spot sampling operating area subregion
One camera shooting record point for setting up recorder, recorder is used for monitoring field sampling process, to realize " five areas one
The sampling location layout scheme of point "；More specifically, needs depending on the site environment, by multiple operation subregions with " one " word
The modes such as type or "L" shaped or " Jiong " font are arranged；Wherein, for placing safe stake, instrument and equipment area is used for for safety buffer zone
Hydrophore, petroleum-type sampler, tool box and instrument container etc. are placed, sedimentation filtration area (can use incubator for placing settling vat
Raise), centrifuge, nutsch filter and filter screen etc., be fixed agent area for placing fixative case and incubator etc., waste rest area
For placing waste liquid barrel and refuse bag etc.；For specifically, tool box is used to place Sai Shi disk, positioning device (can be GPS
Instrument), rangefinder, sounding instrument, ear washing bulb, silicone tube and gloves etc.；Instrument container is for placing thermometer, pH meter, salinometer, dissolution
Oxygen instrument, conductivity meter and calibrator (-ter) unit etc..Therefore, the present embodiment can be effectively prevented from causes due to equipment puts disorderly and unsystematic
Sampling time long, low efficiency the problems such as.
Step 2, safe stake is set, in the present embodiment, safety stake is set to away from sedimentation filtration area at least 10 meters, and will
Sampling vehicle docks between sedimentation filtration area and safe stake；Then respectively correspondingly the scene of placing is adopted in each operation subregion
Sample is with device (including equipment, the instrument etc. used when spot sampling).
Step 3, as shown in Fig. 2, a sampling vehicle can be equipped with a driver and two sample-grabbers, the first sample-grabber is enabled (i.e.
Sample-grabber A) it registers and photographing operation, it can be registered by section stake barcode scanning mode, and floor photo, with true
It is errorless to recognize sampling location；Measure that river width, measurement river be deep, acquisition water sample operation with the second sample-grabber of season (i.e. sample-grabber B)；
In the present embodiment, before the second sample-grabber measures operation, further include the steps that calibrating measuring device, to guarantee
The measurement accuracy of corresponding measuring device；It further include being filtered to water sample before the water sample of acquisition is settled and is centrifuged
The step of；Then the water sample of acquisition is settled and is centrifuged.
Step 4, during sedimentation and centrifugation, the first sample-grabber is enabled to detect pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and the water of water sample
Temperature successively carries out heavy metal with the second sample-grabber of season and filters operation and petroleum-type sampling operation；Then it is dispensed by siphon
Mode is by water sample loaded in multiple sampling bottles.
Step 5, it enables the first sample-grabber be separately added into fixative into multiple sampling bottles and carries out character description；Second is enabled to adopt
Sample person carries out the operation of bottleneck plastic packaging to the sampling bottle after fixative is added, and carries out checking vanning and envelope to the sampling bottle after plastic packaging
The operation of case joint strip；Then it enables the first sample-grabber upload field measurement data and spot sampling data, further includes enabling in the present embodiment
The step of first sample-grabber uploads the step of field monitoring data and enables first sample-grabber's uploading device calibration data, it is specific real
Above-mentioned data can be uploaded to corresponding management system by smart phone, tablet computer etc. by Shi Shi；More specifically, live
Sampled data includes scene photograph information, on-site test indication information, fixative addition information and character description information, and wherein
On-site test indication information includes pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and water temperature etc..
Spot sampling method based on above-mentioned optimization, the present embodiment can be avoided existing sequence of sampling operations and arbitrarily cause
Operation error or omission the problems such as, so as to preferably solve problems of the existing technology.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.In the description of the present invention, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three
It is a etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the description of this specification, reference term " the present embodiment ", " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " show
The description of example ", " specific example " or " some examples " etc. mean specific features described in conjunction with this embodiment or example, structure,
Material or feature are included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, above-mentioned term is shown
The statement of meaning property is necessarily directed to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, specific features, structure, material or the spy of description
Point may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more of the embodiments or examples.In addition, without conflicting with each other,
Those skilled in the art can be by different embodiments or examples described in this specification and different embodiments or examples
Feature is combined.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modification, equivalent replacement and simple modifications etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention in content.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of spot sampling method of surface water, it is characterised in that: the spot sampling method includes the following steps:
Step 1, subregion is carried out to spot sampling operating area, to form multiple operation subregions；
Step 2, safe stake is set, then respectively correspondingly places spot sampling device in each operation subregion；
Step 3, it enables the first sample-grabber register and photographing operation, measures river width, measurement river with the second sample-grabber of season
Deep, acquisition water sample operation, the water sample of acquisition then settled and be centrifuged；
Step 4, during sedimentation and centrifugation, the first sample-grabber is enabled to detect pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity and the water temperature of water sample,
Heavy metal, which is successively carried out, with the second sample-grabber of season filters operation and petroleum-type sampling operation；Then in such a way that siphon dispenses
By water sample loaded in multiple sampling bottles；
Step 5, it enables the first sample-grabber be separately added into fixative into the multiple sampling bottle and carries out character description；Second is enabled to adopt
Sample person carries out the operation of bottleneck plastic packaging to the sampling bottle after fixative is added, and carries out checking vanning and envelope to the sampling bottle after plastic packaging
The operation of case joint strip；Then the first sample-grabber is enabled to upload field measurement data and spot sampling data.
2. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In step 1, after spot sampling operating area subregion, multiple operation subregions of formation are respectively as follows: safety buffer zone, instrument
Device battery limits, sedimentation filtration area are fixed agent area and waste rest area；The safety buffer zone is described for placing safe stake
For placing hydrophore, petroleum-type sampler, tool box and instrument container, the sedimentation filtration area is heavy for placing in instrument and equipment area
Bucket, centrifuge, nutsch filter and filter screen drop, and for placing fixative case and incubator, the waste is put in the agent area that is fixed
Area is set for placing waste liquid barrel and refuse bag.
3. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: by multiple operation subregions with
The mode of line-styled or "L" shaped or " Jiong " font is arranged.
4. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 2 or 3, it is characterised in that:
In step 1, when carrying out spot sampling operating area subregion, it is also provided with a camera shooting for setting up recorder and records
Point, the recorder are used for monitoring field sampling process；
In step 5, further include the steps that the first sample-grabber is enabled to upload field monitoring data.
5. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:
In step 2, safety stake is set to away from sedimentation filtration area at least 10 meters, and sampling vehicle is docked at into the sedimentation filtration
Between area and the safe stake.
6. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 1 or 5, it is characterised in that:
In step 3, before the water sample of acquisition is settled and is centrifuged, further include the steps that being filtered water sample.
7. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
In step 3, before the second sample-grabber measures operation, further include the steps that calibrating measuring device；
In step 5, further include the steps that enabling first sample-grabber's uploading device calibration data.
8. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the spot sampling data include
Scene photograph information, on-site test indication information, fixative addition information and character description information.
9. the spot sampling method of the surface water according to claim 2 or 8, it is characterised in that: the tool box is for putting
Set Sai Shi disk, positioning device, rangefinder, sounding instrument, ear washing bulb, silicone tube and gloves.
10. the spot sampling method of surface water according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the instrument container is for placing
Thermometer, pH meter, salinometer, dissolved oxygen instrument, conductivity meter and calibrator (-ter) unit.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810914177.0A CN109100175A (en) | 2018-08-13 | 2018-08-13 | A kind of spot sampling method of surface water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810914177.0A CN109100175A (en) | 2018-08-13 | 2018-08-13 | A kind of spot sampling method of surface water |
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