CN109099414A - The double reheat system of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine - Google Patents
The double reheat system of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN109099414A CN109099414A CN201810927098.3A CN201810927098A CN109099414A CN 109099414 A CN109099414 A CN 109099414A CN 201810927098 A CN201810927098 A CN 201810927098A CN 109099414 A CN109099414 A CN 109099414A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the double reheat systems of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine, externally arranged steam cooler is arranged on the bleed steam pipework of the first high-pressure heater, wherein one ultra-high pressure cylinder steam discharge with higher temperature and the degree of superheat is introduced into externally arranged steam cooler, after the higher main water supply heat exchange of the first high-pressure heater outlet temperature, then enters back into the first high-pressure heater and exchange heat with the lower main water supply of temperature.The more bleedings degree of superheat can be effectively reduced, the temperature of water supply is improved simultaneously, to reduce the irreversible loss of bleeder heater and boiler, but also the energy consumption of unit reduces, what it is compared to conventional individually integrated regenerative steam turbine is that double reheat system has significant thermodynamics and economic performance advantage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ultra supercritical double reheat electricity generation system energy efficients to utilize field, and in particular to one kind is integrated outer
Set the double reheat system of formula steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine.
Background technique
Coal accounts for the principal status of public economy of China's energy resource structure and consumption, and does not have larger change in coming few decades.Wherein
Fired power generating unit is consumption coal rich and influential family, accounts for about the 50% of coal in China consumption.However fired power generating unit is always the master of China's power supply
Pillar is wanted, although generation of electricity by new energy mode sharply develops in recent years, the critical role of thermal power generation can not be shaken.With section
Energy emission reduction and the continuous implementation for advocating the policies such as cleaning coal power generation, thermal power generating technology are constantly rectified and improved and are innovated.It is secondary again
Thermal technology is then current more one of efficient, low consumption, the thermal power generating technology of low pollution.However, double reheat ultra supercritical machine
Group has double reheating due to steam parameter height again, and the steam extraction degree of superheat for allowing to carry out water supply backheat is excessively high, leads to water supply backheat
There are biggish irreversible losses for heater, to reduce the power savings advantages of double reheat power generation sets.And the conventional steam extraction degree of superheat
By in the way of only focus on close to reheating after steam extraction the degree of superheat, have ignored remaining grade of high problem of the steam extraction degree of superheat, especially
Into the steam extraction of No. 1 high-pressure heater, the degree of superheat and temperature are all higher, cannot make full use of there are steam extraction degree of superheat energy and high
The problem of quality steam can be with that can waste, and bleeder heater is caused to have biggish irreversible loss, thus affect it is secondary again
The economy of heat engine group.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine simultaneously
Double reheat system scheme, not only can be effectively reduced and make full use of the degree of superheat of more bleedings, but also can also be further
The temperature of water supply before entering boiler is improved, the irreversible loss of one side bleeder heater substantially reduces, and on the other hand makes pot
The heat transfer temperature difference of furnace decreases, and irreversible loss accordingly reduces, to further increase the economy of double reheat power generation sets.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide the double reheats of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine
System increases setting externally arranged steam cooler on the bleed steam pipework of the first high-pressure heater, is effectively reduced into the grade and adds
The degree of superheat of the steam extraction of hot device.
A kind of double reheat system of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine, including boiler, condenser,
Shaft sealing cooler, steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder, steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, Steam Turbine Through IP Admission, turbine low pressure cylinder, back-heating type steamer
Machine, externally arranged steam cooler, four high-pressure feed-water heaters, oxygen-eliminating device, five low-pressure feed heaters, feed pump, condensations
Water pump, drainage pump, two generators, it is characterised in that: externally arranged steam cooler is arranged in the steam extraction of the first high-pressure heater
On pipeline, wherein one ultra-high pressure cylinder steam discharge with higher temperature and the degree of superheat is introduced into the externally arranged steam cooler
In, after being exchanged heat with the higher main water supply of the first high-pressure heater outlet temperature, then enter back into first high pressure
It exchanges heat in heater with the lower main water supply of temperature.
Further, water supply is absorbed heat in the boiler becomes the steam of high temperature, high pressure, into the steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder
After middle expansion work, part steam discharge enters the boiler and carries out single reheat；Steam after carrying out single reheat enters the vapour
Continue to do work in turbine high pressure cylinder, then expand after steam enter the boiler absorb heat, progress double reheat after steam into
Enter and do work in the Steam Turbine Through IP Admission, then respectively enters expansion work in two low pressure (LP) cylinders of the steam turbine, then steam exhaust
Into condensation cooling in the condenser, condensed water successively passes through five low-pressure heatings after entering condensate pump pressurization
Device, oxygen-eliminating device, feed pump and four high-pressure heaters become the water supply of high pressure-temperature, then in the first high-pressure heater steam extraction
It further increases to be fed again into the boiler after temperature and carry out heating power in the externally arranged steam cooler added on pipeline and follow
Ring.
Further, the steam discharge of the steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder is divided into three strands, wherein one steam enter the boiler in into
Row single reheat；Second burst of vapour source as the first high-pressure heater water supply backheat, this strand of steam is introduced into described external
The water supply that partial heat heating higher temperature is discharged in formula steam condenser, then enters back into first high-pressure heater and adds
The water supply of hot lower temperature；Third stock enters expansion work in the regenerative steam turbine, 4 grades of steam extractions point of regenerative steam turbine
Not as the second to the 4th high-pressure heater and the oxygen-eliminating device water supply backheat vapour source, steam discharge enter the first low-pressure heater
Middle progress water supply backheat, the second to the 5th low-pressure heater import steam extraction respectively from Steam Turbine Through IP Admission part steam discharge and
Three sections of steam extractions of the turbine low pressure cylinder.
It further, cannot be synchronous with power needed for the feed pump in order to solve the sent out power of the regenerative steam turbine
With the problem of, the feed pump use electrically driven (operated) mode.
Further, the regenerative steam turbine into vapour from the ultra-high pressure cylinder steam discharge without reheating, steam extraction
Vapour source with steam discharge as the second to the 4th high-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device and the first low-pressure heater；Regenerative steam turbine connection
First generator, sent out power is for grid-connected and driving feed pump.
Further, the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder is not provided with extraction opening, and steam discharge fully enters the boiler and carries out once again
Heat.
Further, the Steam Turbine Through IP Admission is not provided with extraction opening, and steam discharge is divided to two strands, one is as the second low-pressure heating
The vapour source of device, another strand is continued to do work into the turbine low pressure cylinder.
The double reheat system of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine disclosed by the invention, for tradition
Double reheat system thermodynamic advantages and the insufficient status of economic sexual clorminance, propose integral external steam condenser and backheat
The double reheat system of formula steam turbine reduces the degree of superheat by integral external steam condenser simultaneously and regenerative steam turbine
Higher steam extraction makes new integrated system can be effectively reduced and make full use of the degree of superheat of more bleedings, and then bleeder heater
Irreversible loss is minimized, while can be further improved the temperature of water supply, reduces the heat transfer temperature difference of boiler, thus unit
Energy consumption be significantly reduced, the system of the integrated regenerative steam turbine of tradition relatively has higher thermodynamic advantages and economy excellent
Gesture.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for the double reheat system that tradition individually integrates regenerative steam turbine；
Fig. 2 is the signal of the double reheat system of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine of the invention
Figure.
Attached drawing respectively marks are as follows: 1 is boiler；2 be condenser；3 be shaft sealing cooler；SHP is steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder；HP is
Steam turbine high-pressure cylinder；IP is turbine low pressure cylinder；LP1, LP2 are turbine low pressure cylinder；RT is regenerative steam turbine；OSC is outer
Set formula steam condenser；H1 is No. 1 high-pressure feed-water heater；H2 is No. 2 high-pressure feed-water heaters；H3 is that No. 3 high-pressure feed waters add
Hot device；H4 is No. 4 high-pressure feed-water heaters；DEA is oxygen-eliminating device；H6 is No. 6 low-pressure feed heaters；H7 is No. 7 low pressure feed waters
Heater；H8 is No. 8 low-pressure feed heaters；H9 is No. 9 low-pressure feed heaters；H10 is No. 10 low-pressure feed heaters；FP
For feed pump；CP is condensate pump；DP is drainage pump；A1, a2 are generator.
Specific implementation method
The present invention is based on the double reheat systems that reference integrates regenerative steam turbine, are steamed by increasing an integrated external
Vapour cooler proposes a kind of performance more preferably system integration scheme, below by the drawings and specific embodiments to the present invention
It is described further.
The double reheat system of traditional individually integrated regenerative steam turbine is as shown in Figure 1, the system includes boiler 1, condensing
Device 2, shaft sealing cooler 3, steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder SHP, steam turbine high-pressure cylinder HP, turbine low pressure cylinder IP, turbine low pressure cylinder
LP1 and LP2, regenerative steam turbine RT, 1-4 high-pressure feed-water heater H1-H4, the heating of oxygen-eliminating device DEA, 6-10 low pressure feed water
Device H6-H10, feed pump FP, condensate pump CP, drainage pump DP, generator a1 and a2.When work, water supply absorb heat in boiler 1 at
For high temperature, the steam of high pressure, into after expansion work in steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder SHP, steam discharge is divided into three strands, and wherein one enters
Boiler 1 carries out single reheat, and second strand is directly entered No. 1 high-pressure heater H1 heating water supply, and third stock is as back-heating type steamer
Machine RT into vapour.Steam after reheating, which enters in high pressure cylinder HP, to be continued to do work, and steam discharge enters boiler 1 and carries out double reheat followed by
It is sent into intermediate pressure cylinder IP and does work, then its steam discharge enters expansion work in turbine low pressure cylinder LP1 and LP2, and last steam exhaust is solidifying
Cooling condensation in vapour device 2.
Condensed water becomes high pressure-temperature with the steam extractions at different levels heat exchange from cylinder in feed-water heaters at different levels (H1-H10)
Water supply.Part steam discharge of the steam extraction of No. 1 high-pressure heater H1 import from high pressure cylinder, this grade of steam extraction are directly entered No. 1 high pressure
The water supply of lower temperature is heated in heater H1；No. 2 high-pressure heater H2, No. 3 high-pressure heater H3, No. 4 high-pressure heater H4
With steam extraction of the oxygen-eliminating device DEA import steam extraction from regenerative steam turbine RT cylinder, No. 6 low-pressure heater H6 import steam extractions are come from back
The steam discharge of hot type steam turbine RT, No. 7 to No. 10 low-pressure heater H7-H10 import steam extractions are respectively from the portion Steam Turbine Through IP Admission IP
Divide three sections of steam extractions of steam discharge and low pressure (LP) cylinder LP.
The present invention is based on the double reheat systems of independent integrated regenerative steam turbine, and it is cold to increase an integrated external steam
But device, as shown in Figure 2.Increase by one externally arranged steam cooler OSC of setting on the bleed steam pipework of No. 1 high-pressure heater H1,
So that the part steam discharge from high pressure cylinder, which is introduced into externally arranged steam cooler OSC, discharges partial heat heating higher temperature
Water supply, then enter back into No. 1 high-pressure heater H1 heat lower temperature water supply.
When the system works, the steam that water supply is absorbed heat in the boiler as high temperature, high pressure, into steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder
After expansion work, part steam discharge enters boiler and carries out single reheat；Steam after carrying out single reheat, which enters in high pressure cylinder, to be continued
Acting, the steam after then expanding enter boiler heat absorption, and the steam after carrying out double reheat, which enters in intermediate pressure cylinder, to do work, and then divide
Not Jin Ru expansion work in steam turbine two low pressure (LP) cylinders LP1 and LP2, then steam exhaust enters cooling condensation, condensed water in condenser
Successively pass through No. 6-10 five low-pressure heater H6-H10, oxygen-eliminating device DEA, feed pump FP and 1-4 after into condensate pump pressurization
Number four high-pressure heaters at H1-H4 are the water supply of high pressure-temperature, then add on the bleed steam pipework of No. 1 high-pressure heater outer
It sets and is fed again into boiler (1) progress thermodynamic cycle after further increasing temperature in formula steam condenser (OSC).
The steam discharge of ultra-high pressure cylinder is divided into three strands, and wherein one steam, which enters, carries out single reheat in boiler 1；Second burst of conduct
The vapour source of No. 1 high-pressure heater water supply backheat, this strand of steam be introduced into added on No. 1 high-pressure heater bleed steam pipework it is external
The main water supply that partial heat heating higher temperature is discharged in formula steam condenser OSC, then enters back into No. 1 high-pressure heater and adds
The water supply of hot lower temperature；Third stock enters expansion work in regenerative steam turbine, 4 grades of steam extractions difference of regenerative steam turbine RT
The vapour source of water supply backheat as 2-4 high-pressure heater and oxygen-eliminating device, steam discharge, which enters, carries out water supply time in No. 6 low-pressure heaters
Heat, three section steam extractions of the 7-10 low-pressure heater import steam extraction respectively from Steam Turbine Through IP Admission part steam discharge and low pressure (LP) cylinder.
In order to solve the problems, such as that power needed for the sent out power of regenerative steam turbine RT and feed pump FP is unable to simultaneously match, give
Water pump FP uses electrically driven (operated) mode.Regenerative steam turbine into vapour from the ultra-high pressure cylinder steam discharge without reheating, steam extraction
Vapour source with steam discharge as 2-4 high-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device and No. 6 low-pressure heaters；Regenerative steam turbine connects a hair
Motor, sent out power is for grid-connected and driving feed pump.
The system high pressure cylinder is not provided with extraction opening, and steam discharge fully enters boiler and carries out single reheat.Intermediate pressure cylinder is not also set
Extraction opening is set, steam discharge is divided to two strands, one vapour source as No. 7 low-pressure heaters, and another strand is continued to do work into low pressure (LP) cylinder.
The design of above system of the invention can not only efficiently use the degree of superheat of this grade of steam extraction, reduce corresponding water supply
The irreversible loss of heater, and before can be further improved into boiler water supply temperature, reduce the heat transfer temperature difference of boiler,
Improve unit economy.
Below with reference to specific one embodiment, the effect of present system is illustrated.
Boundary condition: legacy system turbine parameters are 31MPa/600 DEG C/620 DEG C/620 DEG C, back pressure 4.65kPa, hair
Electrical power is 660MW, generator efficiency 0.9898.System of the invention main steam pressure identical with legacy system and temperature
Degree, each cylinder inlet parameter and feed-water heater end are poor, and extraction pressures at different levels are also identical, the externally arranged steam cooler added
End difference be 10K.
Generating efficiency and heat consumption rate are the important indicators for being commonly used to evaluation fired power generating unit thermal performance；Analysis can be into one
Step locating energy loss position, quantity and disclose generate irreversible loss the reason of.
Generating efficiency are as follows:
η=W/E (1)
In formula: the generating efficiency of η expression unit；The power that steam turbine issues in W expression system, kW；When E refers to unit
The gross energy of interior input system.Generating efficiency can directly and effectively reflect the thermal performance of power plant.
The computation model of damage are as follows:
Ii=Ein-Eout (2)
In formula: IiRefer to the irreversible of certain systemLoss, kW；EinRefer to the available energy into the system, kW；
EoutRefer to leaving the available energy of the system, kW.Damage is that a parameter of the loss of energy, value can be used in the heat exchange of reflection system
It is bigger, then it can be used the loss of energy bigger.
Table 1 is the irreversible of bleeder heaters at different levelsDamage value；System 1 high pressure of the invention adds as can be seen from Table 1
Hot device H1'sDamage is smaller than legacy system, reduces 700MW or so.
Table 1: bleeder heaters at different levels it is irreversibleDamage
Table 2 is that carbonated drink parameter and bleeder heater are totalDamage；It is available according to table 2, feed temperature in present system
9 DEG C are improved than legacy system, bleeder heater is totalDamage reduces 631.07KW, is that the integrated external steam of increase is cold
But device utilizes the steam extraction partial heat for entering No. 1 high-pressure heater H1 import to heat water supply, so that the steam extraction degree of superheat is reduced and given
Coolant-temperature gage improves, therefore No. 1 high-pressure heaterDamage reduces.
Table 2: carbonated drink parameter and bleeder heater are totalDamage
Table 3 is all parts in systemSituation is damaged, by data in table 3 it can be found that boiler in present systemDamage is significantly less than legacy system, and present system known to analysis enters boiler feed temperature raising compared to legacy system, subtracts
The small furnace heat transfer temperature difference, so that boiler is irreversibleDamage reduces.
Table 3: all parts in systemDamage situation
Table 4 is the energy consumption of system.In table 4 it can be found that comparison legacy system, present system it is totalDamage reduces,
Generating efficiency improves 0.095%, and heat consumption rate reduces 13.841kJ/kWh, and coal consumption for power generation reduces 0.503g/kWh.
Table 4: the energy consumption of system
It can thus be seen that system of the invention all improves significantly in terms of properties compared to legacy system.
The present invention increases an integrated externally arranged steam cooler in the double reheat system of traditional regenerative steam turbine and is used to cooling make
For the ultra-high pressure cylinder part steam discharge of water supply backheat vapour source, solve this grade of steam extraction degree of superheat in traditional secondary reheat system it is higher and
Unserviceable problem, reduces the irreversible loss of corresponding regenerative water heaters, and feed temperature is further increased,
To improve the thermal performance and economy of whole system.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of double reheat system of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine, including boiler, condenser, axis
Seal cooler, steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder, steam turbine high-pressure cylinder, Steam Turbine Through IP Admission, turbine low pressure cylinder, regenerative steam turbine,
Externally arranged steam cooler, four high-pressure feed-water heaters, oxygen-eliminating device, five low-pressure feed heaters, feed pump, condensed waters
Pump, drainage pump, two generators, it is characterised in that: externally arranged steam cooler is arranged in the extraction steam pipe of the first high-pressure heater
On the road, wherein one ultra-high pressure cylinder steam discharge with higher temperature and the degree of superheat is introduced into the externally arranged steam cooler,
After being exchanged heat with the higher main water supply of the first high-pressure heater outlet temperature, first hyperbaric heating is then entered back into
It exchanges heat in device with the lower main water supply of temperature.
2. the double reheat system of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: the steam that water supply is absorbed heat in the boiler as high temperature, high pressure, into the steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder
After middle expansion work, part steam discharge enters the boiler and carries out single reheat；Steam after carrying out single reheat enters the vapour
Continue to do work in turbine high pressure cylinder, then expand after steam enter the boiler absorb heat, progress double reheat after steam into
Enter and do work in the Steam Turbine Through IP Admission, then respectively enters expansion work in two low pressure (LP) cylinders of the steam turbine, then steam exhaust
Into condensation cooling in the condenser, condensed water successively passes through five low-pressure heatings after entering condensate pump pressurization
Device, oxygen-eliminating device, feed pump and four high-pressure heaters become the water supply of high pressure-temperature, then in the first high-pressure heater steam extraction
It further increases to be fed again into the boiler after temperature and carry out heating power in the externally arranged steam cooler added on pipeline and follow
Ring.
3. the double reheat system of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine according to claim 2
System, it is characterised in that: the steam discharge of the steam turbine ultra-high pressure cylinder is divided into three strands, and wherein one steam enters in the boiler and carries out
Single reheat；Second burst of vapour source as the first high-pressure heater water supply backheat, this strand of steam are introduced into the external
The water supply that partial heat heating higher temperature is discharged in steam condenser, then enters back into first high-pressure heater and heats
The water supply of lower temperature；Third stock enters expansion work in the regenerative steam turbine, 4 grades of steam extractions difference of regenerative steam turbine
The vapour source of water supply backheat as the second to the 4th high-pressure heater and the oxygen-eliminating device, steam discharge enter in the first low-pressure heater
Water supply backheat is carried out, the second to the 5th low-pressure heater import steam extraction is respectively from Steam Turbine Through IP Admission part steam discharge and institute
State three sections of steam extractions of turbine low pressure cylinder.
4. the double reheat system of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine according to claim 1
System, it is characterised in that: cannot be synchronous with power needed for the feed pump in order to solve the sent out power of the regenerative steam turbine
With the problem of, the feed pump use electrically driven (operated) mode.
5. the double reheat system of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine according to claim 3
System, it is characterised in that: the regenerative steam turbine into vapour from the ultra-high pressure cylinder steam discharge without reheating, steam extraction and
Vapour source of the steam discharge as the second to the 4th high-pressure heater, oxygen-eliminating device and the first low-pressure heater；Regenerative steam turbine connection the
One generator, sent out power is for grid-connected and driving feed pump.
6. the double reheat system of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine according to claim 3
System, it is characterised in that: the steam turbine high-pressure cylinder is not provided with extraction opening, and steam discharge fully enters the boiler and carries out once again
Heat.
7. the double reheat system of a kind of integral external steam condenser and regenerative steam turbine according to claim 3
System, it is characterised in that: the Steam Turbine Through IP Admission is not provided with extraction opening, and steam discharge is divided to two strands, one is as the second low-pressure heating
The vapour source of device, another strand is continued to do work into the turbine low pressure cylinder.
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